中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023高考3+1
专题07三年高考英语完形填空说明文&夹叙夹议试题（解析版）
【2022全国乙卷】
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.
21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
【语篇大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。
22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child developmental psychology _26_ that idea.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 29 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 30 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。
28.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。
31.考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew _35_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。
35.考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was asked of them. Their 36 to the questions reflected their true _37_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。
36.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
37.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。
38.考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
39.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。
40.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 38 mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
【2021全国乙卷】Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 .A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【语篇大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
43.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
46.考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
48.考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
56.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
57.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
【2020·全国新课标I】
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 .I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door ＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity ＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.249
41．A．relief B．target C．reason D．case
42．A．admit B．believe C．mean D．realize
43．A．gradually B．constantly C．temporarily D．casually
44．A．result B．danger C．method D．truth
45．A．merely B．slightly C．hardly D．partly
46．A．reviewing B．approving C．receiving D．attempting
47．A．win out B．give up C．wake up D．stand out
48．A．dream B．lie C．fantasy D．fact
49．A．parents B．twins C．colleagues D．teachers
50．A．restrictions B．explanations C．differences D．consequences
51．A．demand B．fear C．desire D．doubt
52．A．physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral
53．A．traditional B．important C．double D．original
54．A．life B．time C．reply D．history
55．A．by comparison with B．in addition to
C．regardless of D．instead of
56．A．get hold of B．stare at C．knock on D．make use of
57．A．real B．Typical C．similar D．limited
58．A．safety rule B．comfort zone C．bottom line D．top secret
59．A．delay B．regret C．enjoy D．accept
60．A．hurry B．decide C．hesitate D．intend
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．D
51．B 52．C 53．B 54．A 55．D 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．D 60．C
【语篇大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰； B. target目标；C. reason原因；D. case情况。根据下文If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认；B. believe相信；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. constantly不断地；C temporarily临时地；D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to say, "No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果；B. danger危险；C. method方法；D. truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. merely只不过；B. slightly轻微地；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
46．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out站出来。根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. parents父母；B. twins双胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制；B. explanations解释；C. differences差异；D. consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire欲望；D. doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的； B. important重要的；C. double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。根据Then when
they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
55．考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with与……相比；B. in addition to除……之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
58．考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
60．查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide决定；C. hesitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
【2020·全国新课标III】
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular". After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’ be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.264
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【答案】41.B 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.D 47.A 48.B 49.D 50.B
51.D 52.B 53.C 54.A 55.A 56.C 57.D 58.B 59.C 60.A
【语篇大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，但是作者还是努力说服他们保持微笑，服务顾客。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
52.考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
56.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
57.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
58.考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
【2020天津卷】
For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school--- he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine （信条）and anything did I, ____16____, copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I could____17_____ my dad taking me to school, running into him ____18____ during the day and riding home with him every afternoon.
As I grew older, we were not as ____19____as we used to be. He wasn't cool any more He wore his socks too high, listened to ____20____ country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment.
However, the ____21____ that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, _____22_____as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me！ I wanted to run away.
This ____23____ continued into high school but we somehow began to find a balance Things started to ___24___around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The ____25____was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio（比率）. All the students and physics teachers _____26_____ . So did my dad, the only administrator！ Embarrassed, as usual, I ____27____ the scene.______28______, later when I learned from my friends that my dad ___29___ all competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my_____30_____was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I ____31____ in my dad. It wasn't the fact that he'd won； it was more than that. I began to____32____ that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to____33____ him, he still influenced me.
I feel____34____ to have such an unusual father. The ____35____ I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.
16. A. temporarily B. naturally C. originally D. passively
17. A. apply to B. count on C. see off D. pick out
18. A. gradually B. previously C. regularly D. eventually
19. A. close B. reliable C. generous D. confident
20. A. creative B. familiar C. horrible D. live
21. A. failures B. coincidences C. competitions D. disasters
22. A. dressed up B. broken down C. settled down D. signed up
23. A. debate B. party C. progress D. struggle
24. A. happen B. change C. grow D. disappear
25. A. issue B. task C. lesson D. procedure
26. A. participated B. protested C. hesitated D. explored
27. A. fled B. investigated C. pictured D. made
28. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However
29. A. convinced B. defeated C. ignore D. evaluated
30. A. confusion B. encouragement C. embarrassment D. fascination
31. A. recommended B. tolerated C. doubted D. appreciated
32. A. recognize B. demand C. argue D. estimate
33. A. approach B. limit C. resist D. believe
34. A. puzzled B. fortunate C. concerned D. awkward
35. A. strategy B. habit C. relationship D. potential
【答案】16. B 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
【语篇大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过记叙作者的成长经历发表对父亲的一些看法和对父亲态度的转变的一些观点，那就是父子关系与成长的关系至关重要。这么多年作者和作者父亲的关系使得作者能回首看自己的成长经历。
16.考查副词辨析。句意：当我小弟时候，我父亲所说的一切都是信条，而我很自然的照搬。A. temporarily暂时地；B. naturally自然地；C. originally原始地；D. passively被动地。既然父亲说的都是信条，那作者自然地只有照做的份。故选B。
17.考查动词词组辨析。句意：我可以依靠他带我去上学。A. apply to申请；B. count on依靠；C. see off送行；D. pick out挑出。根据上文my dad and I have attended the same school可知，作者可以依靠父亲带作者去上学。故选B。
18.考查副词辨析。句意：在白天的时候有规律地遇见他，然后每天下午和他一起骑车回家。A. gradually渐渐地；B. previously之前；C. regularly有规律地；D. eventually最终地。因为其父亲是学校行政管理人员，故其行踪是固定的，其行动是有规律的。故选C。
19.考查形容词辨析。句意：随着我长大，我们不再那么亲密无间。A. close接近；B. reliable可靠的，值得信赖的；C. generous大方的；D. confident自信的。下一句He wasn't cool any more他不再那么酷。表明作者不再认为父亲是心目中的样子，自然也就起隔阂了，没有那么亲密无间的了。故选A。
20.考查形容词辨析。句意：他穿高筒袜子，听令人生厌的乡村音乐，大声地在我朋友面前笑，他完全变得让我难堪起来。A. creative创新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. horrible极讨厌的；D. live鲜活的。根据He became a total embarrassment.父亲听听令人生厌的乡村音乐。故选C。
21.考查名词辨析。句意：然而，学校里发生的一切灾难甚至更糟糕。A. failures失败；B. coincidences巧合；C. competitions竞争；D. disasters灾难。根据he worst one happened in seventh grade.可知，学校里发生的一切灾难甚至更糟糕。故选D。
22.考查动词词组辨析。句意：我父亲来参加我们的新年晚会，化装成唐老鸭，手里拿着吉他唱着愚蠢的歌曲。这比杀我还难受。A. dressed up化妆；B. broken down破产；C. settled down定居，安顿下来；D. signed up报名，签名。根据Donald Duck可知，参加聚会，且装扮成唐老鸭自然要化妆。故选A。
23.考查名词辨析。句意：这种挣扎的心理直到高中，但我不管怎么说开始寻求一种平衡。A. debate争论；B. party党派；C. progress进步；D. struggle斗争，挣扎。这么多年的经历告诉我们作者内心是纠结的，挣扎于与父亲的关系上面。故选D。
24.考查动词辨析。句意：事情开始在作者十年级物理课上发生了变化。A. happen发生；B. change改变；C. grow生长；D. disappear消失。根据I found that mixed in with my 30 was a touch of pride.可知，故选B。
25.考查名词辨析。句意：这项任务是用最好的强度比率建造一座木桥。A. issue话题；B. task任务；C. lesson教训；D. procedure程序，步骤。既然是建造木桥，那么就是此次项目的任务。故选B。
26.考查动词辨析。句意：所有的同学和物理老师都参与进来了。A. participated参加；B. protested辩护，抗争；C. hesitated犹豫不决；D. explored探索。根据 So did my dad, the only administrator！可知，我父亲也参与了，他是参加的唯一的领导。所以所有的同学和物理老师都参与进来了。故选A。
27.考查动词辨析。句意：像往常一样我逃离了现场。A. fled逃跑；B. investigated调查；C. pictured画画；D. made制造。根据上文I wanted to run away.可知，像往常一样告诉我们作者感到尴尬，做出逃跑这样的动作也属正常。故选A。
28.考查连接副词辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里了解到我父亲击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹。A. Instead相反；取而代之；B. Otherwise要不然的话；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。接着下一句的内容：击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹时，作者的态度是发生了转变的。变成带有一丝自豪：a touch of pride. 这与之前认为他父亲的行为让他尴尬的态度形成一个意义上的转折。故选D。
29.考查动词辨析。句意：然而，后来当我从朋友那里了解到我父亲击败所有的参赛者，赢得了每个人的赞叹。A. convinced令人信服；B. defeated击败；C. ignore忽略，忽视；D. evaluated评估，估计。从赢得了赞叹可以推出答案为击败对手。故选B。
30.考查名词辨析。句意：我发现我的尴尬中混合了一丝自豪。A. confusion混乱；B. encouragement鼓励；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. fascination迷人，吸引人。根据上文之 He became a total embarrassment. 可知，作者发现自己的尴尬中混合了一丝自豪。故选C。
31.考查动词辨析。句意：我需要一个人向我父亲表达我的欣赏之情。A. recommended推荐；B. tolerated忍受，忍耐；C. doubted怀疑；D. appreciated欣赏，感激。上句说有一丝的自豪感，自然对父亲有一丝欣赏的感觉。故选D。
32.考查动词辨析。句意：我开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，而且有时候有很多相同的观点。A. recognize识别；B. demand需求；C. argue争论；D. estimate估计。根据we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions.可知，作者开始意识到我们有很多相同的价值观，而且有时候有很多相同的观点。故选A。
33.考查动词辨析。句意：无论我怎么抵制他，他仍然在影响着我。A. approach接近；B. limit限制；C. resist抵抗，拒绝；D. believe相信。根据前面的描述作者一直是嫌弃他父亲的行为的，所以在心理上是抵制他的。故选C。
34.考查形容词辨析。句意：我很幸运我有这样不同寻常的父亲。A. puzzled觉得困惑的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. concerned关心的，担忧的；D. awkward尴尬的，令人难堪的。根据such an unusual father. 可知，有这样不同寻常的父亲当然是幸运的一件事情。故选B。
35.考查名词辨析。句意：这么多年我和我父亲的关系使得我能回首看自己的成长经历。A. strategy方法，策略；B. habit习惯；C. relationship关系；D. potential潜力。根据has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.可知，全文所讲的父子关系，无论是嫌弃也好，还是感觉自豪也罢。这么多年作者和作者父亲的关系使得作者能回首看自己的成长经历。故选C。
2022各省市高考模拟演练
【2022届江苏省连云港市考前模拟考试（一）】
As dawn breaks at the edge of the Sahara, Ibrahim and his wife Miriam are packing up their home. They and other Tuareg ___41___ are moving to a new location. This routine is typical. Their life is one of ___42___.
There are nomadic (游牧的) people in Africa, Central Asia and above the Arctic Circle. Many ___43___ were once nomadic, but these days the numbers are ___44___. It is not known how many Tuareg there are, but ___45___ range from 1million to 1.5 million.
Most of Tuareg lead a nomadic lifestyle based on trade and livestock, ___46___ goats, sheep, cattle and camels. The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their ___47___ blue clothing. The blue ___48___ protects their faces from the sun and sand. It also stains (染色) their skin and defines their unique ___49___.
The homes of the Tuareg are simple ____50____. They usually have a light wood frame and are ____51____ with animal skins or mats. This makes ____52____ easy to take the tent down and put it up. When a woman marries, her family ____53____ a tent for her.
Nowadays, customs and traditions are ____54____. More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or moving to cities to work. But many Tuareg are still ____55____ their traditional way of life.
41. A. agencies B. families C. specialists D. relatives
42. A. campaign B. invasion C. movement D. passion
43. A. carriages B. creatures C. shelters D. cultures
44. A. bigger B. smaller C. stronger D. weaker
45. A. estimates B. discounts C. capacities D. responses
46. A. raising B. killing C. delivering D. removing
47. A. dramatic B. distinctive C. apparent D. historic
48. A. parcel B. skin C. wool D. cloth
49. A. tone B. zone C. privilege D. identity
50. A. houses B. tents C. cottages D. flats
51. A. equipped B. occupied C. covered D. armed
52. A. them B. what C. that D. it
53. A. makes B. rents C. irons D. sews
54. A. refreshing B. disappearing C. changing D. fading
55. A. keeping to B. adjusting to C. showing off D. allowing for
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A
【语篇大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍游牧民族的分布、生活方式、文化及习俗。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们和其他图阿雷格家庭正在搬到一个新的地方。A. agencies机构；B. families家庭；C. specialists专家；D. relatives亲戚。根据“This routine is typical. Their life is one of ___42___.”可知，图阿雷格人习惯于迁移，故推知，此处指许多爱迁移的图阿雷格家庭和Ibrahim一家一样，正在搬家。故选B。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活是一种迁移。A. campaign运动；B. invasion入侵；C. movement迁移；D. passion热情。根据“They and other Tuareg ___41___ are moving to a new location. This routine is typical.”可知，他们总是搬到新地方，这是典型的惯例。故推知，他们习惯于迁移，他们的生活是一种迁移。故选C。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经有许多游牧民族的文化，但如今数量越来越小。A. carriages四轮马车；B. creatures生物；C. shelters避难所；D. cultures文化。根据“There are nomadic (游牧的) people in Africa, Central Asia and above the Arctic Circle.”可知，游牧民族遍布在非洲，中亚及北极圈上，故推知，这些地区记录着游牧民的生活和他们留下文化。故选D。
44.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经有许多游牧民族的文化，但如今数量越来越小。A. bigger更大的；B. smaller更小的；C. stronger更强壮的；D. weaker更虚弱的。根据“Many ___43___ were once nomadic”及“but”可知，曾经的游牧文化有很多，but表示转折，前后意义相反，故推知，现在数量变得越来越少。故选B。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前尚不清楚有多少图阿雷格人，但估计范围在100万到150万之间。A. estimates估计；B. discounts折扣；C. capacities容量；D. responses回答。根据“range from 1million to 1.5 million”可知，此处指所估计的人数范围。故选A。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：图阿雷格的大多数人都过着以贸易和牲畜为基础的游牧生活方式，饲养山羊，绵羊，牛和骆驼。A. raising饲养；B. killing杀；C. delivering运送；D. removing移开。根据“Most of Tuareg lead a nomadic lifestyle based on trade and livestock”及“goats, sheep, cattle and camels”可知，图阿雷格的大多数人养牲畜，故推知，此处列举的动物是他们所饲养的。故选A。
47.考查形容词义辨析。句意：这些男人有时被称为“Blue Men”，因为他们独特的蓝色服装。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. distinctive独特的；C. apparent明显的；D. historic历史性的。根据“The blue ___48___ protects their faces from the sun and sand. It also stains (染色) their skin and defines their unique ___49___.”可知，此处介绍蓝色衣服独特的作用，故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：蓝色的布可以保护他们的脸免受阳光和沙子的伤害。A. parcel包裹；B. skin皮肤；C. wool木头；D. cloth布。根据“The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their ___47___ blue clothing.”可知，本段描述的是蓝色衣服及其特点，故推知，此处指蓝色衣服的布料可以防阳光和防沙。故选D。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还将他们的皮肤染色，并定义他们独特的身份。A. tone音调；B. zone区域；C. privilege特权；D. identity身份。根据“The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their ___47___ blue clothing.”可知，人们因为穿蓝色衣服及被衣服染蓝，所以被叫作“Blue Men”，故推知，蓝色衣服定义了他们的身份。故选D。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：图阿雷格人的家是简单的帐篷。A. houses房子；B. tents帐篷；C. cottages小屋；D. flats公寓。根据下文“This makes ___52___ easy to take the tent down and put it up.”可知，上下文内容一致，本段描述的是图阿雷格人居住的帐篷。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们通常有一个轻木框架，并覆盖着动物皮或垫子。A. equipped配备；B. occupied占据；C. covered盖；D. armed备战。根据“They usually have a light wood frame”及“with animal skins or mats”及“This makes ___52___ easy to take the tent down and put it up.”可知，此处描述帐篷的建造，并介绍帐篷容易搭建和拆除。故推知，简单的搭建指的是：将动物皮和垫子盖在轻木架子上。故选C。
52.考查代词词义辨析。句意：这样很容易拆掉帐篷和搭建帐篷。A. them他们；B. what什么；C. that那个；D. it它。根据“make”及“easy to take the tent down and put it up”可知，此处考查it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个女人结婚时，她的家人会为她做一个帐篷。A. makes制作；B. rents租；C. irons熨；D. sews缝。根据“They usually have a light wood frame and are ___51___ with animal skins or mats. This makes ___52___ easy to take the tent down and put it up.”可知，帐篷很容易被搭建，故推知，女孩出嫁，家人会为她制作帐篷。故选A。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：现如今，习俗和传统正在改变。A. refreshing更新；B. disappearing消失；C. changing改变；D. fading逐渐消失。根据“More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or moving to cities to work.”可知，越来越多的游牧民离开之前的生活环境，搬到城市工作。故推知，他们需要适应城市的新生活方式，所以习俗和传统会改变。故选C。
55.考查动词短语辨析。句意：但许多图阿雷格人仍然坚持他们传统的生活方式。A. keeping to坚持；B. adjusting to调节；C. showing off炫耀；D. allowing for考虑。根据“More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or moving to cities to work.”及“But”可知，but表示转折，前后两句语意相反。故推知，虽然越来越多的游牧民离开之前的生活环境，搬到城市工作，但他们仍坚持传统的生活方式。故选A。
【2022届重庆高三学业质量抽测2】
Black people left the South for multiple reasons, including severe Jim Crow laws that denied black people their civil rights and economic conditions that made advancement next to impossible. They saw ___21___ for them to get in northern cities, where workers were needed during labor shortages ___22___ by World War I. Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities ___23___ five million black people, becoming majority black.
Many went to the northern city of Harlem - a New York neighborhood that had once been a rural ___24___ white area. During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the ___25___ of property became more willing to rent to black renters. Property values then ___26___ as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away. ___27___, the area became majority black, and Harlem tuned into an attraction for migrants ___28___ economic chance and a rich cultural and social life.
These ___29___ weren’t just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad, ____30____ economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.
That cultural ____31____ stimulated new types of expression and thought. Promoted by black churches and businesses, Harlem ____32____ life. There, a poor black worker could brush ____33____ with educated, wealthy black residents. They could take part in entertainment by black people, for black people. The Jamaica - born black, Marcus Garvey, even ____34____ the Universal Negro Improvement Association to ____35____ racial pride and economic independence.
21. A. guilt B. ability C. electricity D. opportunity
22. A. caused B. stopped C. changed D. improved
23. A. adjusted B. absorbed C. abandoned D. advertised
24. A. empty B. hungry C. wealthy D. temporary
25. A. owners B. creators C. donators D. consumers
26. A. dropped B. recovered C. doubled D. exploded
27. A. Enormously B. Eventually C. Especially D. Exceptionally
28. A. in charge of B. in defence of C. in advance of D. in search of
29. A. travelers B. defenders C. entertainers D. newcomers
30. A. researching B. observing C. escaping D. exploring
31. A. mixture B. future C. adventure D. departure
32. A. was bored with B. was filled with C. was loaded with D. was decorated wit
33. A. arms B. faces C. hands D. shoulders
34. A. accused B. founded C. discovered D. certificated
35. A. judge B. control C. support D. forgive
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【语篇大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一战后，美国南方黑人大量涌入北方工业城市的原因以及黑人到来后文化的融合激发了新的表达方式和思想。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们看到了进入北方城市的机会，在第一次世界大战造成的劳动力短缺期间，北方城市需要工人。A. guilt内疚，罪行；B. ability能力；C. electricity电力；D. opportunity机会。根据“where workers were needed during labor shortages”可知，在第一次世界大战造成的劳动力短缺期间，他们看到了进入北方城市的机会。故选D。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. caused导致，引起；B. stopped停止；C. changed改变；D. improved提高，改善。根据“by World War I”可知，第一次世界大战造成的劳动力短缺。故选A。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在1915年到1960年之间，北方工业城市接纳了500万黑人，其中大多数是黑人。A. adjusted调整；B. absorbed使并入，同化；C. abandoned废弃；D. advertised做广告。根据“where workers were needed during labor shortages”和“five million black people”可知，由于劳动力短缺，北方工业城市接纳了500万黑人。故选B。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人去了北部城市哈莱姆，这里曾经是一个富裕的白人农村地区。A. empty空的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. wealthy富有的；D. temporary短暂的。根据“white area”可知，这里曾经是一个富裕的白人农村地区。故选C。
25.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪初的房地产崩盘期间，房产所有者变得更愿意把房子租给黑人租客。A. owners主人；B. creators创造者；C. donators捐赠者；D. consumers消费者。根据“became more willing to rent to black renters.”可知，房产所有者变得更愿意把房子租给黑人租客。故选A。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，由于白人居民试图抛售他们的房产并搬走，房产价值下跌。A. dropped使落下；B. recovered恢复；C. doubled使加倍；D. exploded爆炸。根据“as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away.”可知，由于白人居民试图抛售他们的房产并搬走，房产价值下跌。故选A。
27.考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，这个地区变成了黑人占多数的地方，哈莱姆成为了吸引移民的地方，他们来这里寻找经济机会，享受丰富的文化和社会生活。A. Enormously非常，极其；B. Eventually最终；C. Especially尤其，特别；D. Exceptionally例外地。根据“During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the ___25___ of property became more willing to rent to black renters.”可知，由于白人把房子租给大量涌入的黑人租客，最终，这个地区变成了黑人占多数的地方。故选B。
28.考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. in charge of负责，主管；B. in defence of为……辩护，保卫；C. in advance of超过，在……前面；D. in search of寻找。根据“economic chance”可知，黑人来这里寻找经济机会。故选D。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些新移民不仅仅来自美国南部：一群人来自加勒比海国家，如牙买加、安提瓜岛和特立尼达，因为整个西印度群岛的糖价格下降，他们逃离了经济衰退。A. travelers旅行者；B. defenders防御者，守卫者；C. entertainers表演者；D. newcomers新来者。根据上文“Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities ___23___ five million black people, becoming majority black.”可知，大量黑人为了寻找工作机会来到北方工业城市，他们成为了新移民。故选D。
30.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. researching研究，调查；B. observing观察；C. escaping逃跑；D. exploring探索。根据“economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.”可知，为了逃离经济衰退，一些新移民来到北方工业城市。故选C。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种文化的融合激发了新的表达方式和思想。A. mixture混合；B. future未来，将来；C. adventure冒险；D. departure离开，出发。根据“These ___29___ weren't just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad”可知，这些新移民不仅仅来自美国南部：一群人来自加勒比海国家，如牙买加、安提瓜岛和特立尼达，由于这些人的到来形成了文化的融合。故选A。
32.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在黑人教堂和企业的推动下，哈莱姆充满了生机。A. was bored with对……感到研发；B. was filled with充满；C. was loaded with装着；D. was decorated with用……装饰。根据“Promoted by black churches and businesses”可知，在黑人教堂和企业的推动下，哈莱姆充满了生机。故选B。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，一个贫穷的黑人工人可以与受过教育、富有的黑人居民擦肩而过。A. arms手臂；B. faces脸；C. hands手；D. shoulders肩膀。根据上文“That cultural ___31___ stimulated new types of expression and thought.”可知，由于文化的融合激发了新的表达方式和思想，一个贫穷的黑人工人可以与受过教育、富有的黑人居民擦肩而过。故选D。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：牙买加出生的黑人马库斯·加维甚至成立了世界黑人改善协会，以支持种族自豪感和经济独立。A. accused控告，谴责；B. founded建立；C. discovered发现；D. certificated认证。根据“the Universal Negro Improvement Association”可知，黑人马库斯·加维甚至成立了世界黑人改善协会。故选B。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. judge评判；B. control控制；C. support支持；D. forgive原谅。根据“racial pride and economic independence.”可知，世界黑人改善协会的成立是为了支持种族自豪感和经济独立。故选C。
【2022届湖南省长郡中学考前冲刺卷（一）】
I was recently involved in a bad traffic accident. I was knocked unconscious by the impact so I don’t ___21___ anything about the accident. My first memory is being given oxygen as the doctors and nurses tried to ___22___ me back to life.
As I lay in the emergency room, I found myself ___23___ my life and thanking God that I was still ___24___. The good news is that nobody else was ___25___.
Since that day, the physical recovery has been ___26___ but not as tough as the emotional recovery. I've learned a lot about myself and about what really ___27___ in this world. Things that are really important are not“things”. I’m not invincible(无敌的)and I cannot ___28___ everything that happens in my life. I need to be better at ___29___ the things that come into my way that I didn’t plan for. As someone who was always in a ___30___，it taught me to slow down a little. I have learned to live each day honestly and ___31___.
___32___ I continue to heal physically and emotionally，I have a different opinion on ___33___ . When tragedy strikes，you can either let it ___34___ your spirit，or use it as an opportunity to grow. I have chosen to ___35___ from it.
21. A. receive B. remember C. mention D. care
22. A. bring B. hit C. pay D. answer
23. A. sacrificing B. predicting C. analyzing D. mourning
24. A. wealthy B. alive C. optimistic D. healthy
25. A. threatened B. informed C. ignored D. hurt
26. A. difficult B. smooth C. quick D. stable
27. A. works B. happens C. matters D. functions
28. A. understand B. control C. identify D. oversee
29. A. rejecting B. identifying C. improving D. accepting
30. A. hurry B. dilemma C. routine D. mess
31. A. comfortably B. quietly C. fully D. busily
32. A. As B. Before C. Unless D. Although
33. A. love B. future C. work D. 1ife
34. A. 1ift B. break C. protect D. show
35. A. suffer B. escape C. discover D. learn
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D
【语篇大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者因为从一起严重车祸中幸存下来，于是作者开始分析自己的生活，并对生活有了新的认识。作者认识到自己并不能控制生活中发生的每一件事，所以需要更好地接受那些没有计划到的事情。作者从悲剧中学习。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被撞得晕过去了，所以我不记得有关事故的任何事情。A. receive收到；B. remember记得；C. mention提及；D. care关心。根据后文“My first memory is being given oxygen”可知作者不记得车祸时的事情了。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个记忆是当医生和护士们试图把我救活的时候，给我吸氧。A. bring带来；B. hit打击；C. pay支付；D. answer回答。根据后文“me back to life”可知此处为短语bring sb. back to life，指护士和医生试图救活作者。故选A。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我躺在急诊室时，我发现自己在分析自己的生活，感谢上帝我还活着。A. sacrificing牺牲；B. predicting预测；C. analyzing分析；D. mourning哀悼。根据后文“my life”以及后文作者的感悟，可知作者躺在急诊室里分析自己的生活，其他选项不符合语境。故选C。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我躺在急诊室时，我发现自己在分析自己的生活，感谢上帝我还活着。A. wealthy富有的；B. alive活着的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“thanking God that I was still”可知，作者还活着所以感谢上帝。故选B。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：好消息是没有其他人受伤。A. threatened威胁；B. informed通知；C. ignored忽略；D. hurt受伤。根据上文“The good news”可推知事故中没有其他人受伤。故选D。
26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，身体的恢复就变得很困难，但不像情绪的恢复那么艰难。A. difficult困难的；B. smooth顺利的；C. quick快速的；D. stable稳定的。结合后文“but not as tough as the emotional recovery”可知作者的身体恢复很困难。故选A。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对自己有了很多了解，也了解了这个世界上什么才是真正重要的。A. works工作；B. happens发生；C. matters重要；D. functions运行。根据后文“Things that are really important”可知此处指世界上什么才是真正重要的。故选C。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是不可战胜的，我不能控制生活中发生的每一件事。A. understand理解；B. control控制；C. identify识别；D. oversee监督。结合后文“the things that come into my way that I didn’t plan for”可知此处指作者不能控制生活中发生的每一件事。故选B。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要更好地接受那些我没有计划到的事情。A. rejecting拒绝；B. identifying识别；C. improving改善；D. accepting接受。根据后文“the things that come into my way that I didn’t plan for”可知作者无法控制那些意外，因此只能接受这些事情。故选D。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个总是匆匆忙忙的人，它教会了我放慢脚步。A. hurry匆忙；B. dilemma困境；C. routine常规；D. mess混乱。根据后文“it taught me to slow down a little”可推知作者之前是一个总是匆匆忙忙的人。故选A。
31.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我学会了诚实而充实地过好每一天。A. comfortably舒服地；B. quietly安静地；C. fully充实地；D. busily忙碌地。结合上文“I have learned to live each day honestly and”可知作者从车祸中学到了要诚实而充实地过好每一天。故选C。
32.考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着我身体上和情感上的创伤不断愈合，我对生活有了不同的看法。A. As随着；B. Before在……之前；C. Unless除非；D. Although虽然。根据后文“I continue to heal physically and emotionally”可知引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as。故选A。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我身体上和情感上的创伤不断愈合，我对生活有了不同的看法。A. love爱；B. future未来；C. work工作；D. life生活。根据上文中“everything that happens in my life”可知，指作者对了生活有了不同的看法。故选D。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当悲剧来袭时，你要么让它摧毁你的精神，要么把它当作一个成长的机会。A. lift举起；B. break破坏，打破；C. protect保护；D. show展示。根据上文中“not as tough as the emotional recovery”以及后文“your spirit”可知，此处指悲剧摧毁一个人的精神应用break。故选B。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了从中学习。A. suffer遭受；B. escape逃跑；C. discover发现；D. learn学习。根据上一段中“it taught me to slow down a little. I have learned to live each day honestly and”可知作者从悲剧中学习。故选D。
【2022届陕西省西安交通大学附属中学第七次模拟】
“What’s the story of your plano ” a friend asked over dinner. My piano just ____41____ in the corner of my living room. “It has a story ” I doubted.
“All pianos have stories,” she replied. Suddenly my piano’s story came ____42____ out of me as if I’d always had this tale to tell.
I’ve loved ____43____ since childhood. I started with the recorder and moved on to the violin and guitar. Playing the piano had always been my ____44____ which my family couldn’t afford. I grew up in a poor immigrant family in Toronto. My father ____45____ tables in a restaurant and my mother worked in a laundry. Though our childhood was ____46____, my brothers and I were always fed with ____47____. I can’t remember which birthday it was when my mother ____48____ some money to buy me a doll. By then I’d outgrown wanting dolls but she worked too hard to know that and I never told her. I ____49____ accepted it.
So it was finally with my ______50______. It was in my last year of high school. I took piano lessons for about a year before university forced me to ______51______. I had to make a decision: to pursue（追求） a more ______52______ goal of medical school or my love for music. The realist in me ______53______ and I had to give up piano lessons ______54______ as with my doll it was too late to learn to play the way I wanted. I ______55______ the piano around with me over the next decade until my son was born. He showed an early ______56______ in music so I put him in piano lessons. I played that piano through my son although guitar ______57______ became his choice.
I gradually realized that I’d let all my pleasures ______58______ for my job. I figured I’d get back to playing the piano when I retire. Maybe it’s time to get that piano tuned again before it’s too late to ______59______. Maybe that’s something we should do right now.
Sometimes a ______60______ question can open a path of thinking and discovery. So what’s the story of your piano
41. A. hides B. sits C. rises D. appears
42. A. flooding B. jumping C. spreading D. breaking
43. A. dolls B. medicine C. performances D. music
44. A. life B. goal C. dream D. choice
45. A. reserved B. decorated C. waited D. made
46. A. difficult B. lonely C. fantastic D. happy
47. A. food B. love C. confidence D. hardship
48. A. collected B. changed C. borrowed D. spared
49. A. gratefully B. quietly C. eagerly D. actively
50. A. decision B. belief C. piano D. opinion
51. A. consider B. continue C. refuse D. stop
52. A. perfect B. practical C. successful D. necessary
53. A. compromised B. failed C. agreed D. won
54. A. unless B. till C. because D. before
55. A. found B. played C. abandoned D. moved
56. A. desire B. interest C. ambition D. plan
57. A. eventually B. gradually C. unexpectedly D. obviously
58. A. fall away B. light up C. give out D. show off
59. A. experience B. enjoy C. learn D. fix
60. A. serious B. doubtful C. single D. private
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. A 59. B 60. C
【语篇大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文章。通过一个简单的问题，作者回想起了这些年自己的钢琴之间的故事。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的钢琴就放中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023高考3+1
专题07三年高考英语完形填空说明文&夹叙夹议试题（原卷版）
【2022全国乙卷】
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.
21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【2021全国乙卷】Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 .A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【2020·全国新课标I】
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 .I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity(机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door ＂ That is, ＂What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity ＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.249
41．A．relief B．target C．reason D．case
42．A．admit B．believe C．mean D．realize
43．A．gradually B．constantly C．temporarily D．casually
44．A．result B．danger C．method D．truth
45．A．merely B．slightly C．hardly D．partly
46．A．reviewing B．approving C．receiving D．attempting
47．A．win out B．give up C．wake up D．stand out
48．A．dream B．lie C．fantasy D．fact
49．A．parents B．twins C．colleagues D．teachers
50．A．restrictions B．explanations C．differences D．consequences
51．A．demand B．fear C．desire D．doubt
52．A．physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral
53．A．traditional B．important C．double D．original
54．A．life B．time C．reply D．history
55．A．by comparison with B．in addition to
C．regardless of D．instead of
56．A．get hold of B．stare at C．knock on D．make use of
57．A．real B．Typical C．similar D．limited
58．A．safety rule B．comfort zone C．bottom line D．top secret
59．A．delay B．regret C．enjoy D．accept
60．A．hurry B．decide C．hesitate D．intend
【2020·全国新课标III】
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, 42 their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .
I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular". After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on 53 people.
That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Don’t take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not 57 .” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won’ be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone’s day.264
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【2020天津卷】
For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school--- he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine （信条）and anything did I, ____16____, copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I could____17_____ my dad taking me to school, running into him ____18____ during the day and riding home with him every afternoon.
As I grew older, we were not as ____19____as we used to be. He wasn't cool any more He wore his socks too high, listened to ____20____ country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment.
However, the ____21____ that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, _____22_____as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me！ I wanted to run away.
This ____23____ continued into high school but we somehow began to find a balance Things started to ___24___around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The ____25____was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio（比率）. All the students and physics teachers _____26_____ . So did my dad, the only administrator！ Embarrassed, as usual, I ____27____ the scene.______28______, later when I learned from my friends that my dad ___29___ all competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my_____30_____was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I ____31____ in my dad. It wasn't the fact that he'd won； it was more than that. I began to____32____ that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to____33____ him, he still influenced me.
I feel____34____ to have such an unusual father. The ____35____ I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.
16. A. temporarily B. naturally C. originally D. passively
17. A. apply to B. count on C. see off D. pick out
18. A. gradually B. previously C. regularly D. eventually
19. A. close B. reliable C. generous D. confident
20. A. creative B. familiar C. horrible D. live
21. A. failures B. coincidences C. competitions D. disasters
22. A. dressed up B. broken down C. settled down D. signed up
23. A. debate B. party C. progress D. struggle
24. A. happen B. change C. grow D. disappear
25. A. issue B. task C. lesson D. procedure
26. A. participated B. protested C. hesitated D. explored
27. A. fled B. investigated C. pictured D. made
28. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However
29. A. convinced B. defeated C. ignore D. evaluated
30. A. confusion B. encouragement C. embarrassment D. fascination
31. A. recommended B. tolerated C. doubted D. appreciated
32. A. recognize B. demand C. argue D. estimate
33. A. approach B. limit C. resist D. believe
34. A. puzzled B. fortunate C. concerned D. awkward
35. A. strategy B. habit C. relationship D. potential
2022各省市高考模拟演练
【2022届江苏省连云港市考前模拟考试（一）】
As dawn breaks at the edge of the Sahara, Ibrahim and his wife Miriam are packing up their home. They and other Tuareg ___41___ are moving to a new location. This routine is typical. Their life is one of ___42___.
There are nomadic (游牧的) people in Africa, Central Asia and above the Arctic Circle. Many ___43___ were once nomadic, but these days the numbers are ___44___. It is not known how many Tuareg there are, but ___45___ range from 1million to 1.5 million.
Most of Tuareg lead a nomadic lifestyle based on trade and livestock, ___46___ goats, sheep, cattle and camels. The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their ___47___ blue clothing. The blue ___48___ protects their faces from the sun and sand. It also stains (染色) their skin and defines their unique ___49___.
The homes of the Tuareg are simple ____50____. They usually have a light wood frame and are ____51____ with animal skins or mats. This makes ____52____ easy to take the tent down and put it up. When a woman marries, her family ____53____ a tent for her.
Nowadays, customs and traditions are ____54____. More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or moving to cities to work. But many Tuareg are still ____55____ their traditional way of life.
41. A. agencies B. families C. specialists D. relatives
42. A. campaign B. invasion C. movement D. passion
43. A. carriages B. creatures C. shelters D. cultures
44. A. bigger B. smaller C. stronger D. weaker
45. A. estimates B. discounts C. capacities D. responses
46. A. raising B. killing C. delivering D. removing
47. A. dramatic B. distinctive C. apparent D. historic
48. A. parcel B. skin C. wool D. cloth
49. A. tone B. zone C. privilege D. identity
50. A. houses B. tents C. cottages D. flats
51. A. equipped B. occupied C. covered D. armed
52. A. them B. what C. that D. it
53. A. makes B. rents C. irons D. sews
54. A. refreshing B. disappearing C. changing D. fading
55. A. keeping to B. adjusting to C. showing off D. allowing for
【2022届重庆高三学业质量抽测2】
Black people left the South for multiple reasons, including severe Jim Crow laws that denied black people their civil rights and economic conditions that made advancement next to impossible. They saw ___21___ for them to get in northern cities, where workers were needed during labor shortages ___22___ by World War I. Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities ___23___ five million black people, becoming majority black.
Many went to the northern city of Harlem - a New York neighborhood that had once been a rural ___24___ white area. During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the ___25___ of property became more willing to rent to black renters. Property values then ___26___ as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away. ___27___, the area became majority black, and Harlem tuned into an attraction for migrants ___28___ economic chance and a rich cultural and social life.
These ___29___ weren’t just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad, ____30____ economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.
That cultural ____31____ stimulated new types of expression and thought. Promoted by black churches and businesses, Harlem ____32____ life. There, a poor black worker could brush ____33____ with educated, wealthy black residents. They could take part in entertainment by black people, for black people. The Jamaica - born black, Marcus Garvey, even ____34____ the Universal Negro Improvement Association to ____35____ racial pride and economic independence.
21. A. guilt B. ability C. electricity D. opportunity
22. A. caused B. stopped C. changed D. improved
23. A. adjusted B. absorbed C. abandoned D. advertised
24. A. empty B. hungry C. wealthy D. temporary
25. A. owners B. creators C. donators D. consumers
26. A. dropped B. recovered C. doubled D. exploded
27. A. Enormously B. Eventually C. Especially D. Exceptionally
28. A. in charge of B. in defence of C. in advance of D. in search of
29. A. travelers B. defenders C. entertainers D. newcomers
30. A. researching B. observing C. escaping D. exploring
31. A. mixture B. future C. adventure D. departure
32. A. was bored with B. was filled with C. was loaded with D. was decorated wit
33. A. arms B. faces C. hands D. shoulders
34. A. accused B. founded C. discovered D. certificated
35. A. judge B. control C. support D. forgive
【2022届湖南省长郡中学考前冲刺卷（一）】
I was recently involved in a bad traffic accident. I was knocked unconscious by the impact so I don’t ___21___ anything about the accident. My first memory is being given oxygen as the doctors and nurses tried to ___22___ me back to life.
As I lay in the emergency room, I found myself ___23___ my life and thanking God that I was still ___24___. The good news is that nobody else was ___25___.
Since that day, the physical recovery has been ___26___ but not as tough as the emotional recovery. I've learned a lot about myself and about what really ___27___ in this world. Things that are really important are not“things”. I’m not invincible(无敌的)and I cannot ___28___ everything that happens in my life. I need to be better at ___29___ the things that come into my way that I didn’t plan for. As someone who was always in a ___30___，it taught me to slow down a little. I have learned to live each day honestly and ___31___.
___32___ I continue to heal physically and emotionally，I have a different opinion on ___33___ . When tragedy strikes，you can either let it ___34___ your spirit，or use it as an opportunity to grow. I have chosen to ___35___ from it.
21. A. receive B. remember C. mention D. care
22. A. bring B. hit C. pay D. answer
23. A. sacrificing B. predicting C. analyzing D. mourning
24. A. wealthy B. alive C. optimistic D. healthy
25. A. threatened B. informed C. ignored D. hurt
26. A. difficult B. smooth C. quick D. stable
27. A. works B. happens C. matters D. functions
28. A. understand B. control C. identify D. oversee
29. A. rejecting B. identifying C. improving D. accepting
30. A. hurry B. dilemma C. routine D. mess
31. A. comfortably B. quietly C. fully D. busily
32. A. As B. Before C. Unless D. Although
33. A. love B. future C. work D. 1ife
34. A. 1ift B. break C. protect D. show
35. A. suffer B. escape C. discover D. learn
【2022届陕西省西安交通大学附属中学第七次模拟】
“What’s the story of your plano ” a friend asked over dinner. My piano just ____41____ in the corner of my living room. “It has a story ” I doubted.
“All pianos have stories,” she replied. Suddenly my piano’s story came ____42____ out of me as if I’d always had this tale to tell.
I’ve loved ____43____ since childhood. I started with the recorder and moved on to the violin and guitar. Playing the piano had always been my ____44____ which my family couldn’t afford. I grew up in a poor immigrant family in Toronto. My father ____45____ tables in a restaurant and my mother worked in a laundry. Though our childhood was ____46____, my brothers and I were always fed with ____47____. I can’t remember which birthday it was when my mother ____48____ some money to buy me a doll. By then I’d outgrown wanting dolls but she worked too hard to know that and I never told her. I ____49____ accepted it.
So it was finally with my ______50______. It was in my last year of high school. I took piano lessons for about a year before university forced me to ______51______. I had to make a decision: to pursue（追求） a more ______52______ goal of medical school or my love for music. The realist in me ______53______ and I had to give up piano lessons ______54______ as with my doll it was too late to learn to play the way I wanted. I ______55______ the piano around with me over the next decade until my son was born. He showed an early ______56______ in music so I put him in piano lessons. I played that piano through my son although guitar ______57______ became his choice.
I gradually realized that I’d let all my pleasures ______58______ for my job. I figured I’d get back to playing the piano when I retire. Maybe it’s time to get that piano tuned again before it’s too late to ______59______. Maybe that’s something we should do right now.
Sometimes a ______60______ question can open a path of thinking and discovery. So what’s the story of your piano
41. A. hides B. sits C. rises D. appears
42. A. flooding B. jumping C. spreading D. breaking
43. A. dolls B. medicine C. performances D. music
44. A. life B. goal C. dream D. choice
45. A. reserved B. decorated C. waited D. made
46. A. difficult B. lonely C. fantastic D. happy
47. A. food B. love C. confidence D. hardship
48. A. collected B. changed C. borrowed D. spared
49. A. gratefully B. quietly C. eagerly D. actively
50. A. decision B. belief C. piano D. opinion
51. A. consider B. continue C. refuse D. stop
52. A. perfect B. practical C. successful D. necessary
53. A. compromised B. failed C. agreed D. won
54. A. unless B. till C. because D. before
55. A. found B. played C. abandoned D. moved
56. A. desire B. interest C. ambition D. plan
57. A. eventually B. gradually C. unexpectedly D. obviously
58. A. fall away B. light up C. give out D. show off
59. A. experience B. enjoy C. learn D. fix
60. A. serious B. doubtful C. single D. private
【2022届江苏省扬州中学高三考前调研测试】
There are at least 10 million cases of autism(自闭症)in China, according to an industry report released in 2015.
Chen Xingrong was ___41___ with autism when he was a baby, which was ___42___ to his parents.
“We did not understand why such a thing would happen to us,” Chen Xunhu, the father, said, ___43___ that he began traveling to big cities to learn more about autism. During the process, he learned how to communicate ___44___ with autistic people.
In 2012, Chen Xunhu learned that ___45___ could help autistic people ___46___ their vital ability, so he spent three months teaching his son how to swim, but the efforts were ___47___. He recalled, “my son didn’t master swimming skills.” ___48___, he didn’t give up. He ___49___ a swing in the living room to help his son learn how to swim ____50____ water.
____51____ all the hardships in life, Chen Xingrong managed to become an outstanding swimmer.
To everyone’s surprise, last year, Chen Xingrong won five medals, including a gold, at the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities and the eighth National Special Olympic Games. “We really didn’t ____52____ it.” Chen’s father said with excitement.
Actually, our society is paying more attention to autism. Years ago, an autism-themed film, titled Ocean Heaven, ____53____ the big screen in China, touching audiences to tears. It’s a good way to ____54____ misunderstanding on autistic people and the public have become more ____55____ with them.
41. A. tested B. diagnosed C. examined D. decided
42. A. substantial B. sufficient C. desperate D. dynamic
43. A. adding B. reflecting C. ordering D. attempting
44. A. excitedly B. emotionally C. passively D. properly
45. A. singing B. swimming C. dancing D. running
46. A. certificate B. clarify C. enhance D. evaluate
47. A. in vain B. in effect C. taking off D. paying off
48. A. Otherwise B. Likewise C. Somewhat D. Nevertheless
49. A. pull up B. set up C. hang off D. set off
50. A. beside B. beneath C. within D. without
51. A. In spite of B. In terms of C. In view of D. In light of
52. A. make B. instruct C. expect D. stand
53. A. hit B. lit C. set D. met
54. A. build up B. break up C. put up D. pile up
55. A. disgusted B. content C. concerned D. annoyed
【2022届河南省示范性高中高三下学期阶段性模拟联考】
Every superhero, no matter how small, needs a cape （披风）.That was Robyn Rosenberger’s motivation when she started ___21___ superhero capes for kids with cancer, heart trouble, and other serious ___22___ .
It all began when she was making a cape as a ___23___ for her nephew. Rosenberger heard of a girl named Brenna who was ___24___ a potentially deadly skin condition. Anyone going through what she was suffering had to be ___25___. “I had an impressive moment, Rosenberger says. “Brenna was a superhero! She ___26___ a cape.”
So Rosenberger sent her one, and Brenna’s mother was ___27___ . Rosenberger found ten more kids online and ___28___ ten more capes. Before long, she ___29___ her job at a software company to dedicate herself full-time to . It’s a ___30___ where people can buy handmade capes for ___31___ kids facing illness and ___32___ .
Since 2013, Rosenberger and her small paid ___33___ have sent more than 12,000 handmade capes to ___34___ in all 50 states and 15 other countries. The capes come in different ___35___, like pink, blue, purple, or red and can be decorated with specialized patches, ___36___ a heart, a rocket, or a red sun.
One recipient was eight-month-old Gabe, who was born with a cleft palate （腭裂），which causes ___37___ facial features. Rosenberger sent him a red cape with a bright yellow G in the center. It was a hit. Gabe is now a fixture （固定人物）on the company’s social media posts. "The TinySuperhero community has been a ___38___ connection to have," says Gabe’s mom, Kate Glocke. “___39___, two years later, we ___40___ bring Gabe’s cape with us to every hospital appointment”.
21. A. copying B. sewing C. drawing D. purchasing
22. A. diseases B. symptoms C. incidents D. signs
23. A. symbol B. product C. present D. tool
24. A. researching B. preventing C. spreading D. battling
25. A. weak B. diligent C. tough D. innocent
26. A. designed B. needed C. wore D. made
27. A. confused B. anxious C. delighted D. disappointed
28. A. sent out B. picked up C. brought in D. pulled on
29. A. found B. quit C. refused D. created
30. A. kindergarten B. hospital C. market D. website
31. A. brave B. honest C. gifted D. selfless
32. A. failure B. starvation C. disability D. danger
33. A. audience B. staff C. customers D. fans
34. A. doctors B. relatives C. visitors D. kids
35. A. shapes B. forms C. colors D. materials
36. A. including B. within C. besides D. except
37. A. perfect B. obvious C. various D. attractive
38. A. disgusting B. dull C. traditional D. wonderful
39. A. In detail B. In fact C. In general D. In case
40. A. still B. seldom C. never D. already
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