高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷 Unit 5 Working the Land A卷

Unit 5 Working the Land
A卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every time you go shopping, the vegetables and fruit look so tempting that you wish you could buy all of them. Some people are lucky and can grow the fruit and vegetables in the gardens that they have. While getting fresh vegetables, they can also achieve great cost cutting.
Mushrooms are expensive and can also go bad very quickly. Mushrooms can also be grown easily in a dark environment. In fact it's better than growing other vegetables since you really don't need an outdoor space. A special type of soil that is good for growing mushrooms is easily available.
Actually mushrooms aren't even vegetables; they are fungi (菌类) and for this reason, you don't even require sunlight to grow them. Well, how does one go about growing mushrooms You could always search "growing mushrooms" and you will find a number of mushroom growing kits (工具) available online that are effective and not very expensive either.
Mushrooms can be added to any dish that you cook. Simply use them in pizza, salads and anything that you pretty much fancy. Grow mushrooms in your own house and use them whenever you want. Fresh mushrooms are tastier than the ones that are stored in your refrigerator.
If you have had a really good crop of mushrooms, then you can even store them. Ideally you should use the white variety of the mushrooms. Simply pick them, slice them and put them on a cookie sheet in a freezer. When they are frozen, you can use them when you want to. Remember to thaw (解冻) them before you use them, and they will give a really great taste to the dish that you are making.
1.What can we know about growing mushrooms
A.It takes a lot of effort. B.It needs lots of sunshine.
C.The soil is easily available. D.The environment is demanding.
2.What is the author's attitude towards growing vegetables in gardens
A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Objective. D.Disapproving.
3.What could be the best title for the text
A.Simple to Cook Mushroom Pizza B.Fun and Easy to Grow Mushrooms
C.Expensive to Buy Mushrooms Online D.Important to Eat Fruit and Vegetables
B
Organic (有机的) farming is a type of agriculture that benefits from the recycling and use of natural products. Use of dried plants not only saves money, but also ensures the growth of crops. The technique is characterized by the use of green manure (肥料), biological pest-control methods and special farming techniques to keep soil productivity. Limiting the use of man-made chemicals or completely doing away with them reduces the risk of diseases. Today, organic farming is a major and preferred industry around the world. Organically grown food products have a huge market, with farmland covering about 10% of the total world-farmland cover. The hard work of Sir Albert Howard, the Father of Organic Farming, has paid off.
Advantages of Organic Farming:
(1) The economics of organic farming are characterized by increasing profits through reduced water use and reduced soil erosion (侵蚀).
(2) Organic farming produces the same crops as those produced through traditional farming methods, but uses half the energy, and holds 40% more topsoil.
(3) Farming the organic way enables farmers to get rid of weeds without the use of any chemicals.
(4) The use of green pesticides (杀虫剂) is environmentally friendly and does no harm to human's health.
Disadvantages of Organic Farming:
(1) Organic methods of farming produce less, compared to traditional farming techniques.
(2) Organic agriculture does little to fight global climate change. Though organic farming practices are recognized as giving out less CO2, but not to a significant degree.
However, though there are some disadvantages to organic farming, farms where organic methods for cropping have been used have more advantages than traditional farms. Organic agriculture is surely better in the long term.
1.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 shows that Sir Albert Howard ___.
A.worked hard for nothing
B.succeeded in organic farming
C.spent all his time on organic farming
D.didn't expect organic farming to be successful
2.According to the passage, compared to traditional farming, organic fanning ___.
a.is more environmentally friendly
b.produces a lot more food
c.uses less energy
d.results in more weeds in the farmland
e.is better for human's health
A. abc B. acd C. ace D. bce
3.The author's attitude toward organic farming is ___.
A. anxious B. hopeless C. unclear D. optimistic
4.The writer wrote this passage to tell us ___.
A.the development of agriculture
B.what kind of food is being grown at present
C.why organic farming is so popular around the world
D.what organic farming is and its advantages and disadvantages
C
Intelligence makes for better leaders. It certainly makes sense that handling a market shift or anything like that requires intelligence. But new research on leadership suggests that, at a certain point, having a higher IQ stops helping and starts hurting.
Decades ago, Dean Simonton, a psychologist from the University of California, Davis, came up with that brilliant leaders' words may simply go over people's heads, that their solutions could be more complicated to carry out and that followers might find it harder to relate to them. Now Simonton and two colleagues have finally tested that idea, publishing their results in Journal of Applied Psychology.
The researchers looked at 379 male and female business leaders in 30 countries across fields including banking, retail and technology. The managers took IQ tests and each was rated (划分等级) on the leadership style and effectiveness by an average of eight co-workers. The IQ positively correlated(相互关联) with ratings of leader effectiveness, strategy formation, vision and several other characteristics — up to a point. The ratings peaked at an IQ of around 120, which is higher than roughly 80 percent of office workers. Beyond that, the ratings decreased. The researchers suggest the "ideal" IQ could be higher to 140 or lower to 100 in various fields, depending on whether technical or social skills are more valued in a given work culture.
"It's an interesting and thoughtful paper," says Paul Sackett, a management professor at University of Minnesota, who was not involved in the research. "To me, the right interpretation(理解) of the work would be that it highlights a need to understand it is what high-IQ leaders do that leads to lower understanding by followers," he says. "The wrong interpretation would be 'Don't hire high-IQ leaders'."
The study's lead author, John Antonakis, a psychologist at the University of Lausanne in Switzerland, suggests leaders should use their intelligence to use creative language that will persuade and inspire others — the way former U. S. President Barack Obama did. "I think the only way a smart person can signal their intelligence properly and still connect with people," Antonakis says, "is to speak in charming ways."
1.According to the first paragraph, we know that _______.
A.well-known leaders show the highest IQ
B.effective business depends on the intelligence of leaders
C.leaders with a higher IQ may do harm to teams
D.the higher IQ leaders have, the stronger leadership they have
2.According to Simonton, managers with an IQ of about ________ are probably the most efficient.
A.80 B.100 C.120 D.140
3.What is Paul Sackett's attitude towards hiring high-IQ leaders
A.Unconcerned. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
4.Why did Antonakis mention Barack Obama in the last paragraph
A.To encourage us to learn more about leadership.
B.To explain how intelligent people achieve success.
C.To show creativity is more important than intelligence.
D.To emphasize the importance of using intelligence properly.
D
The extreme need for blood donors(捐赠者) may soon be eased as two teams of researchers take one step closer to being able to produce artificial blood in the lab, creating a limitless supply of blood. The two studies, both published in the journal, are the result of nearly 20 years of research and experiments. Having a limitless blood supply could greatly help patients suffering from different blood disorders that require regular transfusions.
"People have been trying to do this for 20 years unsuccessfully," said Cambridge University's Dr. Caroline Guibentif." This is the first time... they have got cells that can be self-renewed and give rise to all sorts of blood cells, so of course it's a big step towards the goal, but we are not quite there yet."
In the first study, the researchers were able to turn stem cells (干细胞) into blood stem cells that have the ability to produce different types of human blood. On the other hand, the second team of researchers successfully turned adult cells from mice and turned them into blood stem cells. The result of the first study could greatly help patients with genetic blood disorders. Doctors could soon take cells from the patients, genetically correct its defect and make functional blood cells. Scientists could also take cells from universal donors to develop a limitless supply of blood stem cells and blood. Meanwhile, the success of the second study is to be achieved in clinical trials, and it could provide a way to treat different immune disorders.
Due to the relatively short lifespan of mouse models, the researchers did not detect any disadvantageous side effects of the artificial blood nor find any traces of cancer. The next step now is to try both methods in clinical trials. Despite the great success of the two studies, experts noted that it could possibly take years before the dream of having the limitless blood supply comes true.
1.What can we know about artificial blood
A.It can be used in medical treatment. B.It will be sold at a low price.
C.It is easy to produce artificial blood. D.It can cure blood disorders.
2.What does the underlined word "defect" mean in Paragraph 3
A.Origin. B.Effect. C.Advantage. D.Fault.
3.What will the researchers do next with artificial blood produced
A.They will make such blood on a large scale. B.They will carry on with clinical trials next.
C.They will use it to save so many patients. D.They will make a study of immune disorders.
4.Which of the following is the suitable title for the passage
A.Genetic Blood Disorders
B.Worries About the Limited Blood
C.Scientists Help Produce Limitless Artificial Blood
D.Scientists Encourage People to Donate More Blood
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Words have the power to build us up or tear us apart. It doesn't matter if the words come from ourselves or someone else. The positive and negative effects are just as lasting.
①_________ We're usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn't be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit. This "self-talk" helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. ②_________
Often, words come out of our mouths without thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. ③_________
Words possess power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. We remember unkind words said to us as well. Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: ④_________ If what we want to say doesn't pass this test, then it's better left unsaid.
Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best. ⑤_________ Will we use our words to hurt or to heal The choice is ours.
A. Is it loving
B. How should I say it
C. We all talk to ourselves sometimes.
D. Negative words destroy all those things.
E. Generally people like positive and pleasant words.
F. However, critical language may cause anger and defense.
G. So we should only speak encouraging words to ourselves.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile. A smile can open doors and tear down walls among 1 .
I have organized and reorganized an appointment with the dentist for months. I also 2 it twice and called the day before to 3 all the paperwork would be ready for the X-rays.
Then I arrived. It wasn't ready at all. The lady there even had no 4 about what I was talking about. I immediately felt my blood boil. I was getting so 5 . I didn't yell at her but the 6 I was talking to her was not nice. I spoke down to her like she was a child and incapable. It was not a good moment. The whole time she smiled and was 7 to me.
Only when everything was finally 8 was I nice. I sat down in the waiting area and 9 it all. How could I make it better How could I make up for my impolite behavior a moment ago I couldn't. I could 10 her a chocolate bar I had on me, but this needed more than that. It needed an honest 11 . And that was exactly what I gave.
I apologized for the way I had spoken to her and told her it was wrong of me. She 12 , again with a smile. It was fortunate for me to meet that woman who smiled and forgave so 13 . I can be rude and when I am, I 14 myself for it. I am not that person, not anymore. Yet I continue to grow and continue to 15 .
It's true that the smile made my anger disappear and opened a door to understanding.
1.A.friends B.strangers C.patients D.relatives
2.A.confirmed B.arranged C.discussed D.admitted
3.A.conclude B.approve C.ensure D.apply
4.A.plan B.thought C.idea D.mind
5.A.mad B.excited C.humorous D.curious
6.A.habit B.way C.accent D.tune
7.A.rude B.attached C.friendly D.devoted
8.A.reported B.added C.found D.sorted
9.A.reflected on B.worked at C.called up D.went through
10.A.post B.lend C.throw D.gift
11.A.comment B.promise C.apology D.suggestion
12.A.refused B.agreed C.ignored D.accepted
13.A.slowly B.easily C.frequently D.casually
14.A.teach B.forgive C.hate D.praise
15.A.complain B.roar C.whisper D.learn
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Longjing tea, ①_________ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its colour, taste and shape, ②_________ (name) after its production region—Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the ③_________ (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that "Longjing tea is one of the ④_________ (good) teas in the world".
Thanks ⑤_________ Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that Emperor Qianlong visited the mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at ⑥_________ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself. While ⑦_________ (pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother's illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and ⑧_________ (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother ⑨_________ (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his sleeves and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely ⑩_________ (refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all ills. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华,上周你在海外购物网站 Amazon 上购买了一个书包,但是收到后发现存在质量问题,请你给该网站负责人Smith先生写一封信,内容包括:
1.反映质量问题;
2.你的诉求。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
Dannis was waiting at the airline ticket counter when he first noticed the young woman with shiny black hair pulled tightly into a knot. She wore black boots of soft leather. Dannis struggled to see her face, she was ahead of him in line, but it was not until she bought her ticket and turned to walk away that he realized her beauty, which was fair-skinned and big-eyed. She seemed aware that he was staring at her and lowered her gaze abruptly.
His flight was leaving in an hour. To kill time, Dannis stepped into an airport bar and ordered a Scotch. While sipping it, he watched the flow of travelers through the terminal (航站楼) until he caught sight of the black-haired girl again, deep in conversation with a blonde girl (金发女孩)."Invite her for a drink " Dannis hesitated. In another instant, the two women separated, neither of whose directions was toward him. When next he saw her, Dannis was buying a magazine and became aware someone was pushing him. At first, he was startled (受惊吓的) that anyone would be so close as to touch him, but when he saw who it was, he smiled.
"Busy place," Dannis said.
She looked up at him and blushed. Wordlessly, she moved away and joined the crowds in the terminal.
Dannis was at the counter with his magazine, but when he reached into his pocket for his wallet, the pocket was empty. Where could I have left it His mind was racing, the credit cards, the cash, the identification card... His stomach stirred with something very like fear. "The girl who was so near to me!" he said to himself. All at once he understood she had picked his pocket. What shall he do
First, find a policeman, tell him what has happened. He would probably never see his wallet again. Dannis gritted his teeth. When glancing around for the police, suddenly, he spotted the black-haired girl, seated against a front window of the terminal. She seemed absorbed in a book.
Paragraph 1 :
A seat beside her was empty, and Dannis occupied it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
The girl ran and Dannis ran after her._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-3.CBB
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段的A special type of soil that is good for growing mushrooms is easily available.可知,适合用来种植蘑菇的特殊土壤很容易获得。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。由第一段的Some people are lucky and can grow the fruit and vegetables in the gardens that they have. While getting fresh vegetables, they can also achieve great cost cutting.可知,有些人很幸运,可以在花园种植蔬菜和水果,他们在获得新鲜蔬菜的同时,也可以削减成本。由此可知作者支持在花园种蔬菜,故选B项。
3.主旨大意题。文章讲述了种植蘑菇的方法及好处,自己种蘑菇很容易也很有趣,不需要太多的工具,也不需要很高的水平。故选B项。
2.答案：1-4 BCDD
解析：1.推理判断题.根据前文的 with farmland covering about 10% of the total world-farmland cover 以及画线句 The hard work...has paid off. 可推断 Sir Albert Howard 在有机农业研究和种植方面是成功的.
2.细节理解题.根据 Advantages of Organic Farming 中第二点中的 uses half the energy、第四点中的 environmentally friendly 和 does no harm to human's health 可知 a、c、e 三项都是有机农业胜于传统农业的地方.
3.推理判断题.根据末段末句 Organic agriculture is surely better in the long term. 可知作者对有机农业抱有乐观的态度.
4.主旨大意题.通读全文可知作者主要告诉了我们什么是有机农业以及其优缺点.
3.答案：1-4.CCBD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的"But new research on leadership suggests that, at a certain point, having a higher IQ stops helping and starts hurting"可知,在某种程度上,有较高智商的领导者可能会损害团队。故选C。
2.考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的"The ratings peaked at an IQ of around 120, which is higher than roughly 80 percent of office workers"可知,智商为120时,评价的等级达到最高。故选C。
3.考查观点态度。根据文章倒数第二段中的"The wrong interpretation would be 'Don't hire high-IQ leaders'"可知,不要聘请高智商的领导者,这是错误的理解,由此可以推断出Paul Sackett支持聘用高智商领导者。故选B。
4.考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段的内容可知,领导者要像奥巴马一样,用智力说话,以说服、激励他人,故Antonakis提到奥巴马是为了强调正确运用智力的重要性。故选D。
4.答案：1-4.ADBC
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Having a limitless blood supply could greatly help patients... that require regular transfusions"可知,人造血液可以用于帮助患有各种血液病的病人,即可以用于医学治疗中,故选A项。
2.考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的"Doctors could soon take cells from the patients, genetically correct"可知,从病人身上取出的细胞有问题,需要被矫正,因此选D项。
3.考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The next step now is to try both methods in clinical trials"可知,下一步研究人员将对人造血液进行临床试验,故选B项。
4.考查主旨大意。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了科学家们用尖端科技尝试制造人造血液,以期望能缓解目前血源不足的压力,故选C项。
5.答案：CGFAD
解析：本文为说明文,主要介绍了话语的力量。
①结合下文中的关键词talking to ourselves和self-talk可知,该空应选C项,C项中的talk to ourselves与该段中的关键词相吻合。
②根据空前一句"Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative"可推知,空处应该要讲我们应该只对自己说鼓励性的话语,故选G项。
③结合空前的"For example, when returning an item... the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner"可推知,空处应说明调换商品时我们使用不同类型的语言可能造成的另一种结果,故选F项。选项中的"critical language"与上文中的"warm, friendly language"形成对比。
④根据空前的"we should always ask ourselves"可知,空处应该是一个问句,又结合空后一句可知,A项符合语境。
⑤空前两句讲了积极正能量的话语的正面作用,再结合空后的"to hurt or to heal"可知,空处应指出消极负能量的话语的负面作用,故D项符合语境,且D项中的all those things指的正是"offer hope, build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best"。
6.答案：1-5.BACCA; 6-10.BCDAD; 11-15.CDBCD
解析：1.根据语境以及常识可知,微笑可以破除陌生人之间的壁垒,故选B。
2."我"也两次确认并且在前一天打电话以确保所有照X光的资料准备好了。根据句意可知答案为A。confirm"证实,确认";arrange"安排";discuss"讨论";admit"承认"。
3.参见上题解析。conclude"断定";approve"赞成";ensure"确保";apply"申请,应用"。故C项符合文意。
4.根据前一句"It wasn't ready at all"可知,此处表示那位女士甚至不知道"我"在讲什么。have no idea为固定搭配,意为"不知道",故选C。
5.根据空前一句"I immediately felt my blood boil"可知,此处表示"我"很生气,故选A。
6.根据空前的but和下文中的"I spoke down to her like she was a child and incapable"可知,"我"跟她说话的方式并不友好。最后一段中的"for the way I had spoken to her"也是提示。
7.根据空前的"she smiled and"可推知,自始至终她都在微笑,对"我"很友好,故选C。rude"粗鲁的"attached"附属的,依恋的";friendly"友好的";devoted"忠诚的;投入的"。
8.根据空后的was I nice可知,此处是说当一切都安排妥当了"我"的态度才友好了些。故选D。sort在此表示"妥善处理,安排妥当",常用于被动语态。
9.根据空后的内容可知,"我“一直在思考刚才所发生的一切。故选A。reflect on"认真思考"。
10."我"可以送给她一根"我”带的巧克力棒。gift在此处作动词,意为"白送,白给",符合语境。
11.根据下一段中的"I apologized"可知,此处是说需要的是一个真诚的道歉。故选C。 comment"评论";promise"承诺";apology"道歉";suggestion"建议"。
12.根据上一句中的"I apologized"、空后的"with a smile"以及下文中的"forgave"可推知,她微笑着接受了"我"的道歉,故选D。
13.根据空前的描述可知,她很轻易地(easily)原谅了"我"。故选B。
14.根据语境和常识可知,每当"我"粗鲁的时候,"我"就讨厌自己。故选C。
15.空前作者说"我"不再是那种(粗鲁的)人了,由Yet可知,此处是说但"我"还在不断成长,不断学习。故选D。
7.答案：which; is named; growth; best; to ; the; picking; left; immediately; refreshed
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍龙井茶是中国十大名茶之一,好的环境及水质是它成为名茶的原因以及龙井茶成为贡茶的传说。
①此处Longing tea是先行词,指物,设空处在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
②此处讲的是龙井茶名字的由来,是事实,故用一般现在时,句子主语Longing tea是单数,和name之间是被动关系,故填is named。
③根据the和设空处后的of可知,此空用名词形式,故填growth。
④根据“one of + the +最高级+名词复数”可知,设空处应用形容词最高级,故填best。
⑤thanks to为固定短语,意为“多亏了……”,填to。
⑥at the foot of为固定短语,意为“在……脚下”,故填the。
⑦此处pick和句子主语he之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作时间状语,故填picking。
⑧此处是表示过去的并列谓语,故填left。
⑨副词修饰动词visited,故填immediately。
⑩此处用到“find +宾语+宾补(形容词)”结构,故填refreshed。
8.答案：
Dear Smith,
I am Li Hua, a regular customer of Amazon. I'm sorry to trouble you, but I have to make a complaint about the school bag I purchased last week.
When receiving the school bag, I was disappointed to find the color was quite different from what was shown in the advertisement. What also annoyed me was that there were several black spots on the bag, which couldn't be wiped away. For the reasons above, I strongly demand either the school bag be exchanged or I be compensated with a full refund.
Looking forward to your prompt reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
9.答案：
Paragraph 1:
A seat beside her was empty, and Dannis occupied it. He felt a wave of anger swept over him. "Where is my wallet " he yelled. The black-haired girl glanced up from her reading, with a confused look on her face. Dannis stood up, glared at her and shouted," You stole my wallet!" The crowds began to gossip. The girl turned deadly pale, looking so restless that words failed her. A strange silence hung in the air. Abruptly, she leaped from the seat.
Paragraph 2:
The girl ran and Dannis ran after her. After a while, Dannis finally grabbed her by the arm. At exactly that moment, a policeman approached them and asked about what happened. Dannis hastened to explain it while the girl frowned with a shake of her head. After further enquiries, the policeman took out awallet and handed it to Dannis, adding that someone had found it in the toilet. What a mistake he had made! Overwhelmed by guilt, Dannis made an apology to the girl.