人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement 非限制性定语从句课件-(25张ppt)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement 非限制性定语从句课件-(25张ppt) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-08-19 17:24:42 | ||
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(共25张PPT)
Unit 1 People of Achievement
Learning about language
非限制性定语从句
定语从句
定义：用作定语（形容词）的一个从句，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制的作用。
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语
whom指人，在从句中做宾语，不能做主语。
which只指物，不指人，在从句中做主语或宾语。
that可以指人也可以指物，在从句中做主语或宾语。
关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
Review
The woman who is receiving the prize is Tu Youyou.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
who, whom, which, that, whose, as
where, when, why
关系词的作用：
① 引导作用(引导定语从句)
② 替代作用(替代先行词)
③ 在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
定语从句的种类
感受一下限制性定从和非限制性定从的区别
限制性定从：
She hates people who like smoking.
非限制性定从：
My hometown is Beijing, which is the capital of China.
她讨厌喜欢抽烟的人。
我的家乡是北京，它是中国的首都。
限制性定从和非限制性定从的区别
1. 限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，没有它，先行词的意义或身份就不明确，所以它在句中是必不可少的。
2. 非限制性定语从句是对先行词或主句起解释或补充说明作用，它的前后有_____与主句隔开，即使取消从句，对主语没有大的影响，可有可无。
逗号
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词
人 主 who/that
宾 who/whom/that/省略
定 whose(=of whom)
物 主 that/which
宾 that/which/省略
定 whose(=of which)
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系副词
时间名词 时间状语 when
地点名词 地点状语 where
reason 原因状语 why
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上
意义上
作用上
翻译上
关系词
无逗号
有逗号
去掉从句，主句意思不完整不明确
去掉从句，主句意思仍然完整清楚
修饰限定
只修饰一个名词或代词
补充说明
可修饰一个词，也可修饰整个句子
译为“……的”
常译成与主句并列的句子
作宾语时可省略
关系词一般不可省略
不能用that, why引导
The differences
Translate the following sentences.
In the class, there are 36 students who are interested in pop music.
In the class, there are 36 students, who are interested in pop music.
这个班有36个喜欢流行音乐的学生。
这个班有36个学生，他们都喜欢流行音乐。
In the class, there are 36 students, and they are interested in pop music.
非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是句子
一、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。Rose is the person(who/whom)you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长
3．which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果
4．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom，指物多用which。The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
5．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
限制性定语从句中，as常用于下列句式
such + 名词 +as +从句 像……一样的；像……之类
the same +名词+ as +从句 和…同样的
e.g.: I have the same book as he has.
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
as 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。
1. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.
2. He is not the same man ________ he was.
as
as
1.as is known to all= as we all know 众所周知
2.as is said 正如所说的
3.as you can see = as can be seen 正如你所看见的
4.as is reported 正如报道的
5.as is expected 正如预料的
6.as is pointed out 正如指出的
7.as a famous saying goes正如一句谚语所说/俗话说
8.as is mentioned above正如以上提到的
非限制性定语从句中，as常用于下列句式
as, which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as which
指代 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的某一名词或代词
位置 可位于主句之前、之中 或之后 可位于主句之中或之后，
不能位于主句之前
意义 “正如，就像… ” “这，那”
功能 起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句，在意义上相当于一个并列句
①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。
She is always working hard，____ everyone can see.
②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。
The book，______ Ibought yesterday, is very instructive.
③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。
______ everyone can see, she is honest.
= She is honest，_______ everyone can see.
④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
______ we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health.
⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。
Tom suddenly fell ill，_______ made us very sad.
as
which
As
as
As
which
Practice
Practice
2. In fact Tom did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
1. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where B. / C. when D. what
4. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
“Doctor,” she said loudly, breaking into the room,
_____ there was a man, “I want you to tell what is
wrong with me.” He looked at her from head to foot,
then said, “____ is shown in the mirror, I've just three
things to tell you. First, I suggest you, my lady,
_________ weight needs reducing by nearly fifty
pounds. Second, you may use 1/10 as much lipstick,
by ______ you will be prettier. And third, I’m an
artist---the doctor, ______ you are looking for, lives
downstairs.”
The Doctor Lives Downstairs
Fill in the blanks with proper link words.
【随堂练习】
which
whom
whose
where
As
做非限制性定语从句的练习时, 往往先确定先行词，然后分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。
Practice
1. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
2. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite writer. It inspired us a lot.
There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite writer, which inspired us a lot.
她的
___
____
我们帮不了Linda， 她的的境况超出了我们的控制。
=
_
_____
老师要求我们听他最喜爱的作家的演讲，这个（演讲）让我们非常鼓舞。
Summary
小结 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
意义上 从句与主句关系紧凑，从句对先行词起修饰限定作用，缺少从句会影响句意的完整。
功能上
结构上
从句与主句的关系相对松散，从句用于补充主句的内容和信息，去掉从句不影响句意的完整。
修饰先行词或整个句子
1.主句，从句之间多用逗号隔开
2. 关系词很少可以省略
3.不能用that引导
修饰先行词
1.没有停顿，主句与从句之间不用逗号
2.关系词若作从句的宾语,可省略.
3.可用that 引导
Summary
The Non-restrictive Relative Clause
Thank you
Unit 1 People of Achievement
Learning about language
非限制性定语从句
定语从句
定义：用作定语（形容词）的一个从句，对某一名词或代词起修饰限制的作用。
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语
whom指人，在从句中做宾语，不能做主语。
which只指物，不指人，在从句中做主语或宾语。
that可以指人也可以指物，在从句中做主语或宾语。
关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
Review
The woman who is receiving the prize is Tu Youyou.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
who, whom, which, that, whose, as
where, when, why
关系词的作用：
① 引导作用(引导定语从句)
② 替代作用(替代先行词)
③ 在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
定语从句的种类
感受一下限制性定从和非限制性定从的区别
限制性定从：
She hates people who like smoking.
非限制性定从：
My hometown is Beijing, which is the capital of China.
她讨厌喜欢抽烟的人。
我的家乡是北京，它是中国的首都。
限制性定从和非限制性定从的区别
1. 限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，没有它，先行词的意义或身份就不明确，所以它在句中是必不可少的。
2. 非限制性定语从句是对先行词或主句起解释或补充说明作用，它的前后有_____与主句隔开，即使取消从句，对主语没有大的影响，可有可无。
逗号
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词
人 主 who/that
宾 who/whom/that/省略
定 whose(=of whom)
物 主 that/which
宾 that/which/省略
定 whose(=of which)
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系副词
时间名词 时间状语 when
地点名词 地点状语 where
reason 原因状语 why
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上
意义上
作用上
翻译上
关系词
无逗号
有逗号
去掉从句，主句意思不完整不明确
去掉从句，主句意思仍然完整清楚
修饰限定
只修饰一个名词或代词
补充说明
可修饰一个词，也可修饰整个句子
译为“……的”
常译成与主句并列的句子
作宾语时可省略
关系词一般不可省略
不能用that, why引导
The differences
Translate the following sentences.
In the class, there are 36 students who are interested in pop music.
In the class, there are 36 students, who are interested in pop music.
这个班有36个喜欢流行音乐的学生。
这个班有36个学生，他们都喜欢流行音乐。
In the class, there are 36 students, and they are interested in pop music.
非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是句子
一、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。Rose is the person(who/whom)you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长
3．which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果
4．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom，指物多用which。The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
5．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
限制性定语从句中，as常用于下列句式
such + 名词 +as +从句 像……一样的；像……之类
the same +名词+ as +从句 和…同样的
e.g.: I have the same book as he has.
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
as 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。
1. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.
2. He is not the same man ________ he was.
as
as
1.as is known to all= as we all know 众所周知
2.as is said 正如所说的
3.as you can see = as can be seen 正如你所看见的
4.as is reported 正如报道的
5.as is expected 正如预料的
6.as is pointed out 正如指出的
7.as a famous saying goes正如一句谚语所说/俗话说
8.as is mentioned above正如以上提到的
非限制性定语从句中，as常用于下列句式
as, which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as which
指代 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的某一名词或代词
位置 可位于主句之前、之中 或之后 可位于主句之中或之后，
不能位于主句之前
意义 “正如，就像… ” “这，那”
功能 起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句，在意义上相当于一个并列句
①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。
She is always working hard，____ everyone can see.
②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。
The book，______ Ibought yesterday, is very instructive.
③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。
______ everyone can see, she is honest.
= She is honest，_______ everyone can see.
④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
______ we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health.
⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。
Tom suddenly fell ill，_______ made us very sad.
as
which
As
as
As
which
Practice
Practice
2. In fact Tom did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
1. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where B. / C. when D. what
4. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
“Doctor,” she said loudly, breaking into the room,
_____ there was a man, “I want you to tell what is
wrong with me.” He looked at her from head to foot,
then said, “____ is shown in the mirror, I've just three
things to tell you. First, I suggest you, my lady,
_________ weight needs reducing by nearly fifty
pounds. Second, you may use 1/10 as much lipstick,
by ______ you will be prettier. And third, I’m an
artist---the doctor, ______ you are looking for, lives
downstairs.”
The Doctor Lives Downstairs
Fill in the blanks with proper link words.
【随堂练习】
which
whom
whose
where
As
做非限制性定语从句的练习时, 往往先确定先行词，然后分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。
Practice
1. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
2. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite writer. It inspired us a lot.
There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite writer, which inspired us a lot.
她的
___
____
我们帮不了Linda， 她的的境况超出了我们的控制。
=
_
_____
老师要求我们听他最喜爱的作家的演讲，这个（演讲）让我们非常鼓舞。
Summary
小结 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
意义上 从句与主句关系紧凑，从句对先行词起修饰限定作用，缺少从句会影响句意的完整。
功能上
结构上
从句与主句的关系相对松散，从句用于补充主句的内容和信息，去掉从句不影响句意的完整。
修饰先行词或整个句子
1.主句，从句之间多用逗号隔开
2. 关系词很少可以省略
3.不能用that引导
修饰先行词
1.没有停顿，主句与从句之间不用逗号
2.关系词若作从句的宾语,可省略.
3.可用that 引导
Summary
The Non-restrictive Relative Clause
Thank you