初中英语宾语从句讲解(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
He says something.
宾语成分（由一个词语充当）
He says that they are family.
宾语成分（由一个句子充当）
啊！什么鬼？
陈述句
疑问句
that引导
一般疑问句：whether和if的区别
特殊疑问句：who whom whose what which when why where how
注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略
1.我听说他很帅。
I hear (that) he is handsome.
2. 他说他非常喜欢这条裙子。
He said (that) he loved this dress very much.
3.李易峰告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。
Li Yifeng told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时
e.g.
1. Ask him _____________________. （他是猪吗）
2. I don’t know ___________________________.（他们是否是男孩）
whether (if) he is a pig
whether they are boys or not
说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。
If 和whether 傻傻分不清楚
I don’t know _____ he will come or not.
I don’t care of ______ he is handsome.
He wondered ______ to stay here the next week.
____ he will come is not decided.
与or not 连用只能用whether
介词后只能用whether
与to do 不定式连用只能用whether
作主语只能用whether
What is she doing Can you tell me
Can you tell me what she is doing
Where does she live Do you know
Do you know where she lives
当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导：
what, which, who, whom, whose,
when, where, how, why,
how far, how long, how many, how much, how often…
作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。
（从句）
（从句）
（主句）
（主句）
引导词
句子类型
that
陈述句
一般疑问句
if/whether
特殊疑问词（7W+1h）
特殊疑问句
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及
连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
when we’ll have a meeting
where he is
how I can get to the station
why the train is late
who could answer the question
whom they are waiting for
1. He asked __________________________. (谁能回答这个问题）
2. Do you know_________________________. （他们在等谁）
3. Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会）
4. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿）
5. Could you tell me ______________________. （我该怎么去车站）
6. Would you tell me _________________（为什么火车迟到了）
语序！？又是什么鬼！
陈述句语序=主语+谓语 疑问句语序=谓语+主语
将下列句子换成陈述句语序
1.Is he a lovely boy
2.Are they good boys
He is a lovely boy.
They are good boys.
主语
谓语
主语
谓语
1. I want to know ____ he can be here on time.
A. who B. when C. where D. which
2. Could you tell me ______
A. what your mother do B. what does your mother do
C. your mother does D. what your mother does
3. Did you know ____ a sports meeting next Saturday
A. there would have to be B. if there were
C. if there was going to be D. there was going to have
4.Tell me ____ , please.
A. how old is he B. how old he is
C. he is how old D. how old does he
将下列句子合并为一句:
1. Where do they stop on the way I asked.
2. What will you speak at the meeting Could you tell me
3. Do they like to go skiing He asked.
4. He is doing his homework. He said.
5. He will come back. Tom said.
I asked where they stopped on the way.
Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting
He asked if they liked to go skiing.
He said that he was doing his homework.
Tom said that he would come back.
He says she is right.
He says she was right.
判断 yes or no
主句是一般现在时
从句时态不受限制
这就是深藏功与名的
He said she is right.
He said she was right.
主句是一般过去时
从句时态必须是相对应的过去式
什么是相对应的过去时？
He will go to Hong Kong .
He is sick.
He is reading a book .
He has finished his work.
he would go to Hong Kong.
he was sick.
he was reading a book .
he had finished his work.
He said
主句时态 从句时态
连接前 连接后
一般现在时 时态保持不变
一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时
一般过去时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
He said the earth moved around the sun.
He said the earth moves around the sun.
不变的真理，规律永远都用一般现在时
Could you tell me how I could go there
Could you tell me how I can go there
Could, Would等表示委婉语气，时态不受影响
判断 yes or no
主句时态 从句时态
一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一种时态
一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时态（一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时）
客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时
1.当主从句的主语一致时：
I don’t know what I shall do next.
I don’t know what to do next.
2)John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy.
John didn’t decide which shirt to buy.
当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn, decide 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：
1) Can you tell me how I can get to the police station
Can you tell me how to get to the police station
2) Please show me how I should start the recorder.
Please show me how to start the recorder.
在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think， believe, guess, suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
1. 我认为他不会和你一起来。
I don’t think he will come with you.
2. 我不相信他已经完成了作业。
I don’t believe he has finished his homework.
当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong
What’s the matter
What’s happening
eg: I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there
I asked him whether he ______ how to pronounce this word.
A. knows B. knew C. has known D. will know
2. Dick said that he ______ in a train to Washington at seven yesterday .
A. ride B. would ride C. was riding D. had ridden
3. Peter said that he ______ the way to the chemist’s shop.
A. does not know B. did not know
C. do not know D. did not knew
4. He said that he ______ the next day .
A. will set off B. set C. would set off D. won’t set off
5. The teacher told us that the earth _______ round.
A. is B. was C. were D. be
The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
Tom says that they ______________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
I hear they ______________ (return) it already.
He said that they ___________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
He asked what they _____________ at eight last night. (do)
The teacher told his class that light _______ faster
than sound. (travel)
I think you ____________ about the murder
now. (talk)
will be
goes
were playing
have returned
had been
travels
are talking
were doing
9.I didn’t know whom the letters ______ from. (be)
10. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter. (write)
11. Mr Wang told me that the earth ______ (move) round the sun.
12. Could you tell me who ___________ away the book already (take)
13. Ling Feng told me he _________ there several times. (be)
14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)
15. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday (do)
wrote
moves
has taken
had been
rises
did
were