Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. Section A 单词讲解课件+嵌入音频

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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
人教（新目标）版 九年级全一册
Section A 单词讲解
['hju:m r s] adj.有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的
例句
humor n. 幽默；诙谐
a sense of humor 一种幽默感
funny adj.有趣的；好笑的；诙谐的；滑稽的（近义词）
1.Mr. Green is very h________.He likes to tell jokes to make us laugh.
2.Mr. Zhang is so _______ (humor) that we always laugh out in his English class.
The film is humorous and moving．
练一练
umorous
拓展
humorous
['sail nt] adj. 不说话的；沉默的
短语
be silent 沉默的 in silence 沉默地
keep/stay/remain silent =keep in silence保持沉默
break the silence 打破沉默
be silent about 对...保持沉默
silence n. 沉默；缄默；无声(不可数名词)
silently adv. 沉默地
例句
She is always silent in class and hardly answers questions.
讲解
拓展
calm; still; quiet与silent的辨析：
calm 镇静的；平静的 指不受干扰时的宁静、平静；指人时表示沉着的、镇定的。
still 不动的；静止的 指物理上的安静状态。
quiet 安静的；静止的 指寂静的状态，没有吵闹、骚乱，指人表示娴静、文静。
silent 沉默的；无言的 主要指人，指不发出声音或不说话，强调无声的状态。
When we face danger, we should keep calm.
面对危险，我们应该保持沉着、冷静。
The baby kept still when she was taking photos.
当给这个婴儿拍照时，她一动也不动。
Be quiet, everyone. The teacher is coming. 同学们，安静！老师来了。
练一练
1.No one talks now and everyone keeps ______ (沉默的) about the sad news.
2.You need to wait in ______ (silent) when you are fishing.
3.My younger sister used to be very _______ (沉默的) and she never talked with strangers.
silent
silence
silent
['helpfl] adj. 有用的；有帮助的
讲解
helpful是由动词help加后缀“-ful”构成的形容词。动词加后缀“-ful”变成形容词，是一种常见的构词法，在句中作表语或者定语。
类似的这样的词还有很多。例如：
care→ careful
use→ useful
wonder→wonderful
拓展
→ helpless adj. 无助的；不能自立的
→ help n.&v. 帮助
be helpful to sb./sth. 对...有帮助
sth be helpful for sb to do sth 某物对某人做某事是有帮助的
help (sb.) with sth. 帮助某人做某事/在某方面帮助某人
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事（不定式to可以省略）
短语
-ful，①形容词后缀，多加在名词之后表示“充满...的;易于...;可...的;富有...的;具有..的”的意思。如:peaceful和平的，shameful可耻的,useful有用的,careful小心的,skillful熟练的
②名词性后缀-ful加在名词之后，表示充满时的量如: handful一把，一把的量;bagful一满袋;boxful一满箱，一满盒
-less是形容词后缀，可以表示“无、没有”,也可以表示“不能”的意思,如：endless；hopeless。
例句
1. The Internet is really helpful. We can get all the information we need on it.
2. The worst part is being helpless to change anything.
3. My teacher gives me a lot of helpful books in math.
help oneself (to)+名词，意为“请随便吃……”。这是招待客人的常用语，oneself有人称和数的变化。
with the help of sb.或with one's help，意为“在某人的帮助下”。这里的with不可用under来代替。
练一练
1.The teachers' advice must be h______ to you. But if you don't put it into practice, it will be ________ (help).
2. It is very _______ (有帮助的) to discuss your problem with others or your parents.
elpful
helpless
helpful
时常；有时
拓展
from time to time“时常；不时”，相当于sometimes，at times，once in a while 。
如：Good ideas swim into my mind from time to time.=Good ideas sometimes swim into my mind.
与time相关的短语
at times=sometimes 有时
on time 按时；准时 in time 及时
all the time 总是；一直；始终
for the first time 第一次
many times 多次 ahead of time 提前
by the time... 到......的时候
例句
There are storms from time to time in summer and autumn.
To relax himself, Lin Feng listens to English songs from time to time.
My best friend moved to another city, but we still get together from time to time.
[sk :( r)] n.&v. 得分；进球
讲解
可数名词, scores(pl.)。
短语
get good grades/scores in...
在...科取得好成绩
test scores考试分数
a high/low score 高分；低分
the final score 最终比分
keep (the) score 记分
a perfect score 满分
练一练
Anna studied day and night in order to get good s_____ in her exams.
cores
例句
1. She got good grades/scores in science.
2. What's the score now 现在比分是多少？
3. The final score stood five to three.
=The final score stood five-three.
=The final score was at five to three.
['b kgraund] n. 背景
可数名词，background的基本意思是“背景”、“底色”，主要指图画或照片中在主要人物或景象之后起衬托作用的部分。引申可表示“人的背景资料”，主要包括家庭、所属社会阶层、经历、学历状况等。还可表示“背景情况”，指事情发生时所处的时间、地点和外部环境等。
讲解
练一练
background
1. He has a strong political background. 他有强大的政治背景。
2. It is wrong to differentiate between people according to their family background.根据出身不同而区别待人是不对的。
例句
(a person's) family/social/cultural/educational/class background
（一个人的）家庭/社会/文化/教育阶级背景
background information/knowledge 背景资料/知识
the background of ... ...的背景
短语
1.A child's family ___________ (背景) has a big influence on his or her future.
['Int (r)vju:]
①v. 采访；面试
②n.访谈
讲解
interviewer n. 采访者；主持面试者
interviewee n. 采访对象；参加面试者；接受采访者
interview可作及物动词，直接接宾语，此外，interview还可用作可数名词，表示“采访、面试”，可构成短语have/give an interview with sb.意为“采访/面试某人”。
短语
job interview 工作面试
interview sb. 面试/采访某人
interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人
1. He has interviewed a lot of people for the job.
2. The reporter had an interview with the famous singer just now.
3. My brother was happy because had a chance to interview the director.
例句
练一练
1. The reporter had an _________ (采访) with the famous singer just now.
2. Who's the most famous person you've ever __________ (interview) on TV
interviewed
interview
be interviewed by... 意为“被……采访”
['ei n] ['e n] ①adj.亚洲（人）的；②n.亚洲人
例句
Does your friend want to go to an Asian country next month
拓展
→ Asia n. 亚洲
→ 作名词表亚洲人时：an Asian ,复数Asians in Asia 在亚洲
in Asian countries 在亚洲国家
练一练
I love traveling and I have been to many A_____ countries , including Thailand and Singapore.
sian
[di:l] v. 对付；对待
1. v. dealt /delt/,dealt
(过去式和过去分词相同)
2. n. 协议；交易(可数名词)
big deal 重要的事
make/do a deal with...
与......达成协议
例句
讲解
Although she is wrong, it's not a big deal.
应对；处理
讲解
例句
1. How do you deal with the matter
2.What shall I do with the papers
3.I don’t know how to deal with these bad milk. = I don’t know what to do with these bad milk.
deal with意为“处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与疑问词how一起使用。其同义短语为do with 意为“处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与疑问词what一起使用。 deal ( dealt, dealt) with = do ( did, done) with 对付，应付，处理
练一练
with
with
1. Mr. Green taught me how to ______ ______ (处理）pressure.
2. I don't know what to ______ ______ (处理) these old clothes.
deal
do
[' a n s] n. 害羞；腼腆
讲解
→adj. shy 害羞的；羞涩的；腼腆的
→-ness 为名词后缀，加在形容词之后。
如：happiness 快乐 sadness悲伤 kindness善良 illness 疾病 darkness 黑暗
例句
1.My sister is a shy girl. Her face always becomes red when she talks to strangers.
2.My cousin has few friends because of her shyness.
练一练
1. The little girl is too ______ (害羞) to sing in front of the crowd.
2. She dealt with her s_______ by meeting new people.
3. His face went red with ________ (shy) when he walked into the crowded room.
shy
hyness
shyness
[de ] [der] v. 敢于；胆敢
讲解
① dare作实义动词，意为“敢于，胆敢”,有人称、数和时态的变化，可用于各类句型（肯定句，否定句，疑问句及各类从句等），其后常接动词不定式，dare (not) to do sth.（不）敢于做某事。
1. We must dare to think, speak and act.
2.I wonder how he dares to say such things ② dare 也可以用作情态动词，意思是“敢”，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态变化，其后直接跟动词原形，常只用于否定句或疑问句及if 或whether 后，一般不用于肯定句。(dare作情态动词时，其否定式为 daren’t)
练一练
例句
1.Though he is five, Tony dares to ride a horse.
2.The little girl dare not go back home alone at night.
3.I daren’t ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。
4.Dare you tell her the truth
Mike didn't dare _______ (tell) his father that he didn't pass the math exam.
to tell
【注意】dare后通常不接动词的进行式。
[kra d] n. 人群；观众
讲解
crowd n.&v.人群；拥挤，群聚crowds(pl.)
crowd n. ① 人群[C] There was a crowd of people in front of the town hall. 市政大厅前有一群人。
② 一堆,许多[C] A crowd of magazines and papers are on the desk. 桌上有一堆杂志和报纸。
③v.挤满 e.g. A lot of questions crowded in my brain just now. 刚才我脑子里装满问题。
练一练
例句
拓展
crowded adj. 拥挤的 uncrowded adj.不拥挤的
in front of crowds(pl.) 在人群前
Now she’s not shy anymore and loves singing in front of crowds.
1.The park is __________ (crowd)during wekdays. There are not many people in it.
2. I want to get there early to avoid the _______ (crowd).
uncrowded
crowds
n. 吨；(pl.) 大量；许多
讲解
get tons of attention 得到大量关注 tons of=lots of 大量的；很多的
例句
We can see tons of rubbish outside the park every day.
[praiv t] adj. 私人的；私密的
拓展
→n. privacy 隐私；私密
短语
private time 私人时间
private space 私人空间
例句
Please don't talk about private problems in public.
private
练一练
It is a _______ (私人的)conversation. It's none of your business.
[ga:(r)d]
n.①警卫员；看守；② 后卫
v.①守卫；保卫；②看守
例句
1. A guard was placed at the door.
2. The soliders guard our borders.
3. He is a guard in his football team.
4. The prisoners(犯人；囚犯) were guarded by soliders.
练一练
1.It's everyone's duty to g_____ our country and not let the bad people in.
2.A _______ (警卫) stopped me and asked me to show him my passport.
uard
guard
[rikwai (r)] v. 需要；要求
讲解
①require sth.需要某物
This job requires strength. (体力)
You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.
要想成功你真的需要极大的天赋和努力。
② require sb./sth. to do sth.
要求某人做某事
They required us to help them.
③sth. require doing 某物需要被...（主动形式表被动含义）
The house requires repairing
1.Everyone wants to succeed in a short time, but it r_______ time and hard work.
2.花儿需要浇水。____________________________
拓展
→n. requirement 需要；要求；必要条件
④ ...require+that 从句（从句谓语动词用should+动原形，其中should可省略）（require that sb. (should) do [虚拟语气]）
She required that I (should) go at once.
练一练
equires
The flowers require watering.
[ j r 'pi: n] ①adj.欧洲的，欧洲人的； 欧盟的；②n. 欧洲人
例句
1.
拓展
Europe ['j r p] n. 欧洲；欧盟
Europeans (复数)
Turkey is not a ________(Europe) country , though some parts of it are in Europe .
European
[' fr k n] ①adj. 非洲（人）的 ② n.非洲人
Most ________(Africa)people are black people．
拓展
→Africa n. 非洲
Africans (复数)
例句
Africans
[briti ] adj. 英国的；英国人的
拓展
→Britain n. 英国
英语中没有指英国人的通用单数名词，一般用形容词British,如：
She is British.
The British have a sense of humor.
1. ______ (Britain ) people prefer to have afternoon tea while Chinese people don’t .
2.The _______ (英国人)are said to have an unusual sense of humour．
British
练一练
British
[spi:t ] n. 讲话；发言
短语
give a speech = make speeches作演讲
相当于give a talk
speeches(复数)
→ speak v. 讲(speaks,speaking,spoke,spoken)
→ speaker n. 讲某种语言的人；发言者
拓展
例句
They invited him to give a speech.
Sometimes he gives a speech in public.
练一练
peech
speech
1. His _______ (speak) was so boring that it made us feel sleepy.
2. The headmaster gave a s______ to the students on the first day of school.
['p bl k] n. 民众；adj. 公开的；公众的
短语
the public 公众；民众
You shouldn’t speak so loudly/smoke in public places.
例句
公开地；在别人（尤指生人）面前
短语
in public意为“公开地、在众人面前”。
I don’t want to speak about it in public.
give a speech in public 当众演讲
例句
1. Would you please not speak so loudly in public
2. It is not polite to stare at others in public.