Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. Section B 单词讲解课件+嵌入音频

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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
人教（新目标）版 九年级全一册
Section B 单词讲解
[ nt] n. 蚂蚁
讲解
例句
可数名词：ants (pl.)
We saw some ants running around under the tree.
have ants in one’s pants 坐立不安
短语
['insekt] n. 昆虫
讲解
例句
可数名词:insects (pl.)。
The teacher told us some interesting facts about insects.
— What i______ do you like
— I like ants because they are hard-working.
练一练
nsects
['seld m] adv. 不常；很少
讲解
例句
seldom=hardly ever 是频率副词，意为“几乎不；很少；不常”，反义词是often，通常置于行为动词之前，be动词，情态动词和助动词之后，是一个表示否定意义的副词(表示否定意义，还包括 never, little, few, hardly等)。
He seldom goes to work by underground.
He seldom caused any problems.
always, usually, often, sometimes和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。
(1) always 的频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。例如：
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳总是东升西落。
(2) usually 的频度为80%左右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。例如：He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常10点钟睡觉。
(3) often 的频度为60%左右，意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。例如：
He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。
拓展
(4) sometimes 的频度为40%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。例如：
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气忽冷忽热。
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.
他有时这样做，有时那样做。
(5) seldom的频度为20%左右，意为“很少”、“不经常”。例如：
I seldom go out these days. 这些天我几乎不出门。
(6) never 的频度为0，意为“从来不”、“永不”。例如：
My parents are never late for work. 我父母上班从来不迟到。
['influ ns] v.&n. 影响；对...起作用
①作及物动词，其三单为influences,过去式和过去分词为influenced。短语influence sb. in ...表示“在......影响某人”influence sb. to do sth. 表示“影响某人做某事”。
②作名词时常用于have an influence on sb. 对某人有影响或have a big/good /bad influence on ... 表示“对......有大的/好的/坏的影响”
make a great influence 产生很大的影响
be influenced by ... 受……的影响
influence schoolwork 影响学业
练一练
influenced
例句
1. What exactly is the influence of watching TV on students
2. A conversation with his parents influenced his way of thinking.
3. Smoking has a bad influence on people, especially women and children.
1.My father loves painting. He has _________(影响) me a lot on my road to being an artist.
2.His words had a great ________ (影响) on my life ．
3.What parents say and do will ________ (influence) their children.
4.I ____________ to accept the job by my father.
influence
influence
was influenced
[' bs nt] adj. 缺席的；不在的
例句
讲解
→n. absence [ bs ns](不可数名词) 缺席；离开；不在某处,常与from搭配，构成be absent from结构，意为“缺席...”,与be away from…同义。其反义词为present adj. 意为“出席的；在场的”,常与at搭配，at present。absent-minded意为“心不在焉的；健忘的”，可用作表语或定语。
1. Love was totally absent from his childhood.他童年时根本没有得到疼爱。
2.There were 200 people present at the meeting.
练一练
bsent
was absent from
1. Dick ______________ (缺席) school yesterday because he had a fever.
2. Sometimes he was a______ from classes and failed the examinations.
3.John has ___________ (absent) from school/work for three days now.
3. He didn't tell me the reason why he was absent from the meeting yesterday.
4. He is always absent-minded.
been absent
[feil] v. 不及格；失败；未能（做到）
讲解
→n. failure ['fe lj r] 失败
Failure is the mother of success.
fail (in) sth. 在某事（某方面）失败
反：succeed in sth.
fail in an/one's examination = fail the exam
考试不及格
fail to do sth. 未做成某事
fail in doing sth.没能通过某事； 做某事失败
练一练
failed
例句
1. If you don't work hard, you may fail.
2. I passed in math but failed in French.
3. Lisa never fails to write to her mother every week.
1. Mike _______ (不及格) the math test again. It made her father angry.
2. I don't think you will f____ the exam because you work so hard these days.
ail
[ igz mi'nei n] n. 考试；审查
讲解
examination [ ɡ z m 'ne n] n.检查；考试 medical examination 医疗检查
= exam (语气上 exam, test比较口语, examination比较正式)
①on exam 在考试中 get good grades on one’s exams
② exam n. 考试,如school exam
③examine v. 考试；检查
例句
Bod always fails examinations.
短语
take an examination 参加考试
pass the examination 通过考试
fail the examination 考试不及格
[ b :(r)di ] school n. 寄宿学校
例句
1.My parents are thinking of sending me to a boarding school.
Finally, my parents made the decesion to send me to a _______ (board ) school.
board n. 板； 木板； 甲板
on board 在船上； 在甲板上
boarding games 棋类游戏
boarding school 寄宿学校
on the blackboard 在黑板上
拓展
boarding
亲身；亲自
拓展
相当于for oneself , face to face
She advised them to talk with their son in person. 她建议他们亲自跟他们的儿子谈。
You had better go and speak to him in person．你最好亲自去跟他谈。
You should ask him in person.
[ig z ktli] adv. 确切地；精确地
讲解
例句
Tell me exactly how much your bike cost.
What were his exact words 他的原话是什么？
→adj. exact 精确的；精密的；准确的（作表语或作定语，用于修饰名词，如 to be exact 确切地说 exact time/position 准确时间/精确位置）exactly adv.精确地；准确地；恰好是（用于修饰动词）
练一练
1. The mother knew ________ (exact)what her children would do if she left them at home.
2. This is e______ the book I'm looking for.
exactly
xactly
[praid] n. 自豪；骄傲
讲解
(u) “骄傲；自豪”， 作不可数名词，常用于短语 take pride in 意为“为......感到骄傲
”，也常用于短语be the pride of , 意为“是......的骄傲”。
→adj. proud 自豪的；骄傲的
例句
1. They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist.
2. He is the pride of our city.
为……感到自豪
拓展
take pride in
=be proud of sb./ sth./ doing sth.
例句
The Millers take pride in/are proud of their son's achievements.
练一练
We all ___________ (为......感到自豪) the achievements our country has made in the past few years.
take pride in
[praud] adj. 自豪的；骄傲的
讲解
proud是形容词，意为“自豪的；骄傲的”，常用于短语 be proud of (sb./ sth./ doing sth.)= take pride in 为......感到骄傲；感到自豪
例句
I am very proud of you. You really did a wonderful job.
练一练
The teachers are always ______ (pride) of everything good the students do.
proud
为……骄傲；感到自豪
讲解
be proud of“对……感到骄傲”，相当于take pride in，be proud to do sth.“为做某事而感到骄傲/自豪”。
The man is proud of his past achievements.
=The man takes pride in his past achievements.
例句
1.He seldom gave his parents any problems, and they were proud of him.
2. I am very proud of being a Chinese.
3.We are proud to be a league(团员) member.
['d enr l]
①adj. 普遍的；常规的；总的
②n.（尤指陆军中的）将军
例句
(1) general idea =main idea 主旨大意
(2) generally adv. 通常；普遍地
generally speaking 一般/总体来说=in general “ 通常；大体上”在句中作状语，单独使用， eg:In general/generally speaking , he is a good student.
1. My general impression of the place was good.
2. What he said was very general.
他说得很笼统。
讲解
练一练
1. Most people think that girls are _________ (general) better at English than boys.
2. _________ (一般来说), men are taller than women.
3. Do you know the g______ idea of the article
generally
In general
eneral
[ intr 'd k n] n.介绍
讲解
introduction 可数名词 introductions (pl.)
→v. introduce [ ntr 'du:s] 介绍；引见
make introductions 做介绍
introduce oneself 自我介绍
introduce ...to sb. 把……介绍给某人
introduction to sb/sth 对某人某物的介绍 general introduction 概括/总体介绍
give a general self-introduction
做个简单的自我介绍
短语
练一练
introduction
1. At the beginning of the meeting, the headmaster made an __________ (introduce) of himself.
2.There is an ___________ (介绍) about China in this magazine .
例句
Can you hear her introduction clearly
introduction
Paula ['p :l ] 葆拉 （女名）
Alfred [' lfrid] 艾尔弗雷德（男名）
Billy ['bili] 比利（男名）
Candy ['k ndi] 坎迪（女名）
Jerry ['d eri] 杰里（男名）；杰丽（女名）
Emily ['emili] 埃米莉（女名）