(共15张PPT)
Objective Clauses
宾语从句
八下 Unit 7 Grammar
宾语是一个句子的重要成分,它可以由名词、代名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时,这句子就称为宾语从句。宾语从句和主句之间由连接词连接。
宾语从句
三方面
引导词
语序
时态
1
引导词
that
if/whether
特殊疑问词
1). that引导的宾语从句
a. I know (that) he is a Canadian athlete. 我知道他是一名运动员。
b. Do you think (that) the children need to write a song?
你知道孩子们需要写一首歌吗?
c. Maria says (that) she doesn’t like school uniform.
玛利亚说她不喜欢校服。
总结
that引导的宾语从句的特点
that只有语法作用,连接后面的从当宾语的句子,没有实际意义,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省略
2). if/whether引导的宾语从句
a. I don’t know if/whether it’s polite to speak loudly at the table.
我不知道吃饭时大声说话是否礼貌。
b. Could you tell me if/whether I need to clean the whole classroom
你能告诉我我是否需要打扫整个教室吗?
c. Maria asked whether she was right.
玛利亚问她是否正确。
总结
if/whether引导的宾语从句的特点
if/whether连接后面从当宾语的句子,意为是否,不可省略。(if一般不和or not连用)
2). 疑问词引导的宾语从句
a. You may ask what Tom is looking for in such a hurry.
你可能会问汤姆如此着急在找什么。
疑问词包括疑问代词(what、which、who、whose)和疑问副词(when、how、where、why)
b. I know how I can solve the problem.
我知道我怎么解决那个问题。
c. I don’t know who will come to the English Corner.
我不知道谁会来英语角。
d. Could you tell me where they are
你能告诉我他们在哪里吗?
总结
疑问词引导的宾语从句的特点
疑问词连接后面从当宾语的句子,这些词在宾语从句中充当一定的成分,有各自含义,不可省略。
2
语序
宾语从句用陈述句语序
宾语从句用陈述句语序
a. Does he like Times English Post Do you know
他喜欢《时代英语报》吗?你知道吗?
→Do you know if/whether he likes Times English Post?
b. How can I get to the station Could you tell me
我怎么到达车站?你能告诉我吗?
→Could you tell me how I can get to the station?
c. What are they talking about I don’t know.
我怎么到达车站?你能告诉我吗?
→I don’t know what they are talking about.
3
时态
当主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时,宾语从句中的时态不受主句的影响。
当主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句则用相应的过去时态。
时态
I think that I can sell newspapers.
I think I should have a talk with her.
I heard you had a bad cold.
主语谓语动词为一般现在时,宾语时态不受影响。
主语谓语动词为一般过去时,宾语用相应的过去时。
She said that she made a serious mistake.
时态
如果宾语从句所表达的内容是客观真理或客观事实时,从句的动词时态不受主句谓语动词时态的限制。
The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.老师说地球围着太阳转。
The man told us he is forty years old.
那个人告诉我们他四十岁。
Thank you!