人教版(2019)必修第三册Unit 4Space Exploration 词汇学习课件(25张ppt)

(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 Astronomy
words study
Astronomy:
the science of the stars
Watch a video
Learning goals:
1. Learn to read & remember all the words .
学会读这些词汇并记住他们。
2. Understand & learn to use them.
理解这些词汇的意思并学会使用他们。
astronomy / 'str n mi/ n. 天文学△ astronomer / 'str n m / n. 天文学家△ solar /'s ul / adj. 太阳的；日光的system /'sist m/ n. 系统；体系；制度solar system 太阳系
religion /ri'lid n/ n. 宗教；宗教信仰theory /'θi ri/ n. 学说；理论△ Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸；创世大爆炸atom /' t m/ n. 原子billion /'bilj n/ pron. & n. & adj. <英>万亿；<美>十亿
systematic
adj. 系统的
religious
adj. 宗教的;虔诚的
theoretical
adj. 理论上
globe /ɡl ub/ n. 球体；地球仪；地球△ global /'ɡl ubl/ adj. 全球性的；全世界的violent /'vai l nt/ adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的in time 及时；终于carbon /'kɑ:b n/ n. 碳
△ nitrogen /'naitr d n/ n. 氮△ vapour /'veip / n. （= vapor）蒸气；水蒸气atmosphere /' tm sfi / n. 大气层；气氛unlike / n'laik/ prep. 不同；不像fundamental /
f nd 'mentl/ adj. 基本的；基础的
violence n. 暴力；侵犯
violently adv. 猛烈地
on time 按时；准时
反：like 像（介词）
△ presence /'prez ns/ n. 出席；到场；存在△ dissolve /di'z lv/ vt. & vi. 溶解；解散harmful /'hɑ:mful/ adj. 有害的acid /' sid/ n. 酸chain /t ein/ n. 链子；连锁；锁链
△ reaction /ri' k n/ n. 反应；回应multiply /'m ltiplai/ vi. & vt. 乘；增加oxygen /' ksid n/ n. 氧△ shellfish /' elfi / n. 水生有壳动物 △ amphibian / m'fibi n/ n. 两栖动物
harmless adj. 无害的
harm v./n. 伤害；损害
反：
present adj.
react vi (加to)
multiply by 乘以
△ reptile /'reptail/ n. 爬行动物；爬虫lay eggs 下蛋△ dinosaur /'dain s :/ n. 恐龙exist /iɡ'zist/ vi. 存在；生存△ mammal /'m ml/ n. 哺乳动物
give birth to 产生；分娩thus / s/ adv. 因此；于是in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着dioxide /dai' ksaid/ n. 二氧化物carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
lay-laid-laid-laying 产卵；放置
existence n.
=therefore adv.因此
prevent ... from 阻止；制止puzzle /'p zl/ n. 谜；难题vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难biology /bai' l d i/ n. 生物学biologist /bai' l d ist/ n. 生物学家gravity /'ɡr v ti/ n. 万有引力；重力
satellite /'s t lait/ n. 卫星；人造卫星gentle /'d entl/ adj. 温和的；文雅的△ geologist /d i' l d ist/ n. 地质学家physicist /'fizisist/ n. 物理学家block out 挡住（光线）
protect…from 保护…不受…伤害
puzzled 感到困惑的
puzzling 令人困惑的
adj.
gently adv. 温和地
geology n. 地质学
physics n. 物理学
physical adj. 身体的；物理的
△ extinct /ik'sti kt/ adj. 灭绝的；绝种的climate /'klaimit/ n. 气候△ comet /'k mit/ n. 彗星 crash /kr / vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落△Isaac Newton /'aiz k 'nju:tn/ 艾萨克·牛顿 (英国科学家)
△Albert Einstein /' lb t 'ainstain/
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(德裔美国科学家)△Stephen Hawking /'sti:vn 'h :ki / 斯蒂芬·霍金(英国科学家)spaceship /'speis ip/ n. 宇宙飞船pull /pul/ n. & vt. 拉（力）；拖；牵引力
extinction
n. 灭绝
push
v. 推
△ lessen /'les n/ vi. & vt. 减少；减轻cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋float /fl ut/ vi. & vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮n. 漂浮物△ weightlessly /'weitlisli/ adv. 失重地△ cabin /'k bin/ n. 小屋；船舱
mass /m s/ n. 质量；团；块；大量；<复>群众
now that 既然
△ get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解
break out 突发；爆发
△ exhaust /iɡ'z :st/ vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽
watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
n.课程
cheer v. 欢呼；使高兴；为…加油
cheerful adj. 快乐的，愉快的
weight n. 重量；重力
break – broke-broken 打破；弄破；
休息；中断
watch over
看守；监视；看管
a mass of/ masses of 大量的
in time 及时；终于、迟早
If you keep on working hard, you'll succeed in time.
及时
迟早
消防队员及时赶到了失火的房子。
如果你坚持努力工作，你迟早会成功的。
Firemen reached the house on fire in time.
at one time　 曾经；一度
in no time 立即；立刻
at a time 每次；一次
at the same time 同时
at times 有时；不时
all the time 一直；始终
at any time 在任何时候
at no time 绝不/决不(用在句首时，句子要用部分倒装)
形近词组：on time 按时；准时
is likely to come
unlike prep. 与……不同；不像
eg.Unlike her younger brother, she is very diligent.
和她弟弟不同的是，她很刻苦。
拓展：
(1)unlikely adj. 不大可能的；未必会发生的；
It's unlikely that…… ……的可能性不大
(2)likely adj. 可能的 adv.很可能
It's likely that…… 可能…
(3) sb./sth. be likely to do sth. ……有可能做某事
eg.这位影星可能来
The movie star ___ ____ _____ _____.
过量饮酒有害健康。 To much wine______ ______ ______ your health.
is harmful to
does harm to
harmful adj. 有害的;造成伤害的
eg. As we all know,smoking is harmful to our health.
我们都知道，吸烟有害健康
【联想拓展】
（1）be harmful to 对……有害
(2) 无害的；不致伤的； harmless
be harmless to 对.......无害的
（3） harm n.&v. 损害，伤害
do harm to sb.= do sb.harm = harm sb. 对某人有害；
【即学即练】
（1） exist on …… 靠……生活、生存
exist in…… 存在于……中
there exists/esisted…… 某地有……
come into existence
exist vi. 存在；生存 (无被动,无进行)
eg.Man cannot exist without air.
拓展：
Do you know when the English word"tuhao"_______ ___ ______
（2） existence n. 存在；生活;
in existence现存的，现有的
come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在
It was impossible for them to ________such a small income.
他们靠这么点收入生存是不可能的。
exist on
There exists a temple on the hill.
山上有座庙。
It is said that the plant is the oldest _____________.
据说这种植物是现存最古老的。
in existence
1.让我们轮流来做这项实验。
Let’s do this experiment ______ ______ .
2.你的态度影响别人，它又将会反过来影响你。
Your attitude affects others which ______ ______ affects you.
3.今天该我洗盘子洗碗了。
It’s my turn ______ ______ ______ today.
in turn
in turn
to wash up
in one’s turn 轮到某人
eg. In my turn, I told them a joke.
常用结构：
(1)in turn依次；轮流；转而；反过来；
(2)take turns (to do sth./doing sth.)轮流（做某事）
(3)It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
练习：
prevent...from… 阻止；制止
The heavy rain ___________________________attending Professor Li’s lecture
大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲。
prevented/stopped/kept us from
拓展：
练习：
He wears sunglasses ___________________________the strong sunlight.
他戴墨镜保护眼睛，使其免受强烈阳光的伤害。
to protect his eyes from/against
不可省
She felt ______ about her future.
A.puzzle B.puzzling C.puzzled D.puzzles
puzzle sb. 使某人困惑
puzzle about/over …. 对…感到迷惑；苦苦思索
puzzling over
puzzle vt. &vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难
n.谜；难题
拓展：
be a puzzle to sb对某人来说是个谜
（1）puzzle作
动词
（2）puzzle作名词
（3）puzzle变形容词
Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了
She’s been ______ ______ his strange letter for weeks.
她几个星期也琢磨不透他那封奇怪的来信。
eg.Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
他们为什么要做此事我仍莫名其妙
puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的
puzzling adj.令人费解的
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
pull 拉，拖 → push 推
相关短语：
pull on 匆忙穿上（衣服）
pull off 脱掉
pull down 拆毁（建筑物）
pull away 开始驶离，开走
pull in 火车进站，驶向路边停靠
pull through 度过危机，恢复健康
pull vt. 拉，拖 n. 拉力，牵引力
eg1: If Andrew sees these great reviews, he'll
______________.
eg2: The gril________the runners______.
cheer up
cheered
cheer v. 为...欢呼，喝彩，鼓舞
① cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋
② cheer sb. on 为某人加油，喝彩
③cheer the victory 为胜利欢呼
④Cheers！ 干杯
on
常用结构：
break down 出故障；（计划、谈判等）失败；（身体、精神等）垮掉
break in 闯入；插话
break into 强行进入；突然……起来
break off 折断；突然中止；断绝；结束
break through 突破，强行穿过
break up 解散；打碎；（学校）期终放假
break out 突发；爆发
温馨提示：
break out指战争、火灾等的爆发或疾病的突发，无被动语态。
即学即练：
eg1：A fire_________in his house last night.
eg2:The girl__________to say the guests had arrived.
eg3: Their car___________ yesterday.(昨天他们的车出故障了)
broke out
broke in
broke down
[即学即练]
(1) ______ ______！ There is a car coming!
当心！有车来了！
(2)______ ______ ______ cars while crossing the road.
过马路时要当心车辆。
Watch out
Watch out for
watch out (for) 注意；当心
watch it 当心，小心
watch over 照看；看守
keep a close watch/eye on 密切注视
eg.Now that(＝since)the kids have left home，we've got a lot of extra space.既然孩子们都离开家了，我们住着就宽敞了。
now that “既然，由于”
连词短语，用来引导让步状语从句或原因状语从句，相当于since，now that在口语中that常可省略。
即学即练：
_________________________, we can begin the meeting.
既然每个人都到了，我们就可以开始会议。
_______________________, you must behave better.
由于你是一个大男孩,你就必须行为表现得更好.
Now that everybody is here
Now that you are a big boy
1. After dark the plants stop producing ________ (氧).
2. The ________ (气氛) over dinner was warm and friendly. And everyone talked happily.
3. What p________ me is why his books are so popular. I think they are very boring.
4. It’s no use trying to pretend that the problem doesn’t ________ (存在).
5. She’s got a bad cold and her voice is quite u________ her usual one.
一、根据句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
oxygen
atmosphere
puzzles
exist
unlike
6. A v________ storm struck the area last night. Luckily, no one was hurt.
7. Our city has a cheap and reliable public transportation ________ (体系).
8. No decision had been made, and t________ the situation remained unclear.
9.These flowers will not grow in cold ________ (气候).
10. Arthur is a very ________ (温和的/文雅的), caring person and enjoys life.
一、根据句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
violent
system
thus / therefore
climates
gentle
11.She set the alarm so she’d wake up ________ ________ (及时) to get up.
12. It is said that this kind of bird ________ ________ (下蛋) in other birds’ nests.
13. The bad weather ________ me from ________ (使我不能参加) the meeting yesterday.
14. She tried to _________ ________(使振作/兴奋)the disappointed boy who failed to win the game. 15. When he ________ ________ (确定/保证)that no one was noticing him, he jumped into the room through the open window.
二、根据句意以及所给的汉语提示词，写出该短语的正确形式（每空一词）。
in time
lays eggs
prevented
attending
cheer up
made sure