天津中考英语任务型阅读专项训练（含答案+解析）

任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
In Chinese culture, the color red stands for many good things, for example, happiness. But writing names and letters with red pens is usually avoided. Why
In ancient times, red was the symbol of power. Not everyone could write with red pens—only emperors. They would reply to officials’ memorials (奏折) with red pens. The red ink that emperors used was made of cinnabar (朱砂).
Writing with red pens was also related to death. In ancient China, the criminals who were sentenced to death (被判死刑) signed their names with red pens. The records of criminals’ names were all written in red words. Names on the tombstones were red as well. Therefore, it was thought to be unlucky to write names with red pens.
Since red words carry bad meanings, people don’t write letters with red pens.
Nowadays, red pens are used for proof-reading (校对). Teachers mark students’ homework with red pens. So do editors who need to correct mistakes in newspapers and magazines. But writing names or letters with red pens is still a bad idea to many people.
1．The color red ________ many good things in Chinese culture.
2．In ancient times, only ________ could write with red pens.
3．The criminals who were sentenced to death ________ with red pens.
4．People thought it was ________ to write names with red pens.
5．Nowadays, ________ and editors use red pens to do their jobs.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Bad habits are easy to make, but hard to end. Good habits, on the other hand, take more time to make. Luckily, scientists agree that most of people need about 3 weeks to have a good habit.
Write down the advantages of your new habit. For example, if you stop smoking, you are possible to become more healthy.
See to the habit. If you want to change, you have to work at it. Do not give up if you have one failure (失败). And don’t blame (责备) yourself for the failure, either. It’s usually not your mistake.
Set your own goals (目标), and treat yourself something nice when they come true. Write the goals down, and stick them all around. In your kitchen, bedroom, office, even the bathroom if necessary. Once you’ve met those goals, treat yourself to a movie or a pizza.
Start slowly. If you want to become stronger or faster, choose short exercise at first. Then, make them larger, in order to adapt to (适应) the habit.
Even after your goals are set, don’t continue to smoke, take drugs, or stop exercising. You need to make this a lifetime thing if you’re serious about it, and you can’t stop after just 3 weeks.
6．It takes ______________ to have a good habit than to make a bad one.
7．Make a list of ______________ that the good habit can bring you.
8．Never ______________ or blame yourself because of your failure which isn’t your mistake.
9．When your goals come true, you can ______________.
10．To make your good habit a lifetime thing, ______________ is not enough. It’s important to continue.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Last year, I didn’t like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so quickly that I could hardly follow her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just hid behind my textbook and never said anything.
Then one day I watched an English movie named Toy Story. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. Besides, I learned some useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”, I didn’t understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary.
Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a much clearer understanding of English movies.
11．Last year, every English class was like ______ for me.
12．The teacher spoke too quickly for me to ______ most of the time.
13．I could not understand everything the characters said, but their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to ______.
14．I could get the meaning by listening for just ______.
15．I want to learn new words and more grammar in order to ______ of English movies.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Dogs are the best pets of humans. They come in all sizes. Some dogs are as small as a football, and others are as tall as a desk. Dogs’ fur(毛) is different, too. It can be long and soft, or smooth and hard. People don’t mind the kind of fur, because all dogs are good to hug.
Dogs need to be taken care of. Short-haired dogs are the easiest to look after. But all dogs need a bath once in a while. Giving a dog a bath is a lot of fun. After you give a bath to your dog, it shakes the water off its body. Be careful, or you will get wet!
Dogs like to make their owners(主人) happy, so dogs are easy to train. They can follow simple orders.
Dogs are really amazing animals. Some dogs pull sleds(雪橇) across icy places. Some save people who fall into the river. Other dogs do tricks(表演绝技) in movies. A dog has even flown in a rocket(火箭) to space.
Why not keep a dog as a pet
16．Some dogs are ________ a football, and others are as tall as a desk.
17．People don’t mind the kind of dogs’ fur, because ________.
18．When you finish giving a bath to your dog, it ________ its body.
19．Dogs like to make their owners happy, so dogs ________ to train.
20．The writer advises people to ________ as a pet.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
There are thousands of languages in the world. Each language is the most important to those who speak it as their native（本国的）language. Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people. But it seems that English is one of the world’s most widely used languages.
People use a language in three ways: as a native language, as a second language or as a foreign language. English is spoken as a native language by over 300 million people in the United States, Britain, Australia, New Zealand（新西兰）and other countries. As a second language, it is necessary for business, education, information and other activities in many countries, such as India, Singapore（新加坡）, Pakistan（巴基斯坦）, ect. It is one of the “working” languages of the United Nations（联合国） and is more often used than the others.
It is said that English has become the language of international transport（运输）in the 1830s. When people travel from one country to another by plane, they will hear English. All ships sailing（航海）on the oceans（海洋）call for help by radio in English. People who can speak and write English will learn about the world more clearly and quickly.
21．English is one of the world’s ___________________ used languages.
22．English is spoken as _________________ by over 300 million people.
23．English is necessary for business, ________________ , information and other activities in many countries.
24．English is ___________________ than the others in the United Nations.
25．English has become the language of ___________________ transport in the 1830s.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
In 1988, Wang Chengbang retired (退休) from the army. Instead of enjoying a relaxing life, he volunteered to save the soil from desertification (沙漠化) by planting trees in Korla, Xinjiang.
It is not an easy job. The high temperature in Korla makes it difficult for anyone to work day after day in the sunshine. Besides, water is a big problem. In fact, Wang Chengbang’s work in the first few years failed as very few trees survived (存活). But Wang Chengbang would not give up.
He worked out new ways to save water. With his hard work, more and more trees have survived. So far, he has planted more than 1.5 million trees. Now, Korla is a model city in environmental protection.
Wang Chengbang is also successful in fighting against cancer (癌症). In 2005, he had cancer and was told that he had only six months to live. However, he continued taking care of his trees rather than lying on the hospital bed. Now, at the age of 85, Wang Chengbang is still working.
26．After retiring, Wang Chengbang volunteered to save the soil from desertification by __________ in Korla, Xinjiang.
27．It’s __________ for Wang Chengbang to plant trees because of high temperature and water problem.
28．Wang Chengbang has planted ____________________ trees so far.
29．Wang Chengbang is also ____________________ in fighting against cancer.
30．Though he was ill in 2005, he continued __________ rather than lying on the hospital bed.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
From the age of eleven, Robert Swan knew he wanted to be an adventurer. Influenced by famous adventurers Roald Amundsen and Robert Scott, Swan wanted to become the first person to walk to both the North and South Poles (北极和南极). People told him he was crazy, but after years of raising money, he began his adventure.
In January 1986, Swan and his team arrived at the South Pole after a 1,400-kilometre journey. Just three years later, Swan created a new team to head to the North Pole. After walking 1,000 kilometres in 60 days, the team finally succeeded. Swan, in his own words, became “the first person stupid enough to walk to both Poles”.
During those two adventures, however, Swan noticed some terrible things. At the South Pole, his eyes changed colour because of the sun’s harmful rays (光线) going through the hole in the ozone layer (臭氧层) . These rays are harmful to both humans and the environment. At the North Pole, the ice started to melt (融化) under his feet. This was four months earlier than the usual “melt season”. These experiences made Swan realise something-the Poles were in real danger.
That feeling never left Swan. He now works hard so that he will get more people to pay attention to environmental protection. In doing this, Swan hopes that he can help not only with the Poles, but also with humans’ health.
31．Swan wanted to be the first person to ________ both the North and South Poles.
32．In January 1986, Swan and his team arrived at the South Pole after a ________ journey.
33．Swan noticed ________ during his journeys to the Poles.
34．At the North Pole, Swan found the “melt season” came ________ than usual.
35．Swan now works hard in order to ________.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Many of us don’t pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes（基因）and aging（老化）. Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while.
Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion（时尚）but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.
Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight too. If a person exercises regularly（定期地）and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person’s eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
36．________ health is as important as body health.
37．________ is one of the causes that can lead to bad eyesight.
38．If you have to work in front of the computer, you’d better ________.
39．The underlined words “UV rays” mean ________ in Chinese.
40．The passage mainly tells us how to ________.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Many of us don’t realize how important eye care is. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Then what can we do Should we take some medicine No. Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and age. Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, wearing sunglasses can serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays (紫外线) in the strong sunlight.
Some foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamin (维生素) A is good for eyes. Try to eat the food that has vitamin A．And you should do eye exercises because exercise also protects your eyesight. If a person exercises regularly and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be good to a person’s eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
41．We should put _____ in a number one place.
42．Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having _____.
43．We can _____ to clean our eyes if something dirty comes into our eyes.
44．The food with _____ is good for eyes.
45．Doing _____ can also protect our eyesight.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或完成句子。
Do you understand your parents It is difficult for many teenagers to understand them and deal with the relationship with their parents. But you can make it easier by using the following tips.
There are some good ways to improve your relationship with your parents.
The first is respect. It is important to show respect to your parents. You haven’t experienced your parents’ lives, so you may not know that they are under great pressure with their work.
Second, there is trust. You should trust your parents as they trust you. If you learn how to trust, your life will be much easier.
Third, there is communication. When you have arguments, you’d better communicate with your parents and show them that you have the right to make your own decisions.
Finally, there is company (陪伴). Just as kids need their parents’ company, parents also need company. Have you tried to comfort your parents when they felt down Company is a good way to drive away the black clouds hanging over your family.
Your parents give all their love to you. Why not try your best to care about each other effectively (有效地)
46．The first way to improve the relationship with parents is ________.
47．We may not know that our parents are under great pressure with their work because ________.
48．________ is the good way to drive away the black clouds hanging over your family.
49．It is necessary for parents and kids to ________.
50．The passage gives us ________ tips to improve the relationship with parents.
参考答案
1．stands for
2．emperors
3．signed their names
4．unlucky
5．teachers
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了用红笔写字在中国古代的不同含义。
1．
根据文中“In Chinese culture, the color red stands for many good things”可知，红色代表中国文化中的许多好东西。短语stand for…“代表”，主语是单数，一般现在时态，动词变第三人称单数；故填stands for。
2．
根据文中“In ancient times, red was the symbol of power. Not everyone could write with red pens -only emperors.”可知，在古代，只有皇帝才能用红笔写字。故填emperors。
3．
根据文中“In ancient China, the criminals who were sentenced to death (被判死刑) signed their names with red pens.”可知，被判处死刑的罪犯用红笔签名。故填signed their names。
4．
根据文中“Therefore, it was thought to be unlucky to write names with red pens.”可知，人们认为用红笔写名字是不吉利的。unlucky“不幸的”，是形容词，故填unlucky。
5．
根据文中“Teachers mark students’ homework with red pens. So do editors who need to correct mistakes in newspapers and magazines.”可知，如今，教师和编辑使用红笔来完成他们的工作。故填teachers。
6．more time
7．the advantages
8．give up
9．treat yourself something nice##treat yourself to a movie or a pizza
10．three weeks##3 weeks
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了我们如何养成一个好习惯。
6．
根据“Bad habits are easy to make, but hard to end. Good habits, on the other hand, take more time to make.”可知，养成好习惯比养成坏习惯需要更多的时间。故填more time。
7．
根据“Write down the advantages of your new habit.”可知，要列出好习惯能给你带来的好处。故填the advantages。
8．
根据“Do not give up if you have one failure (失败).”可知，永远不要因为失败而放弃或责备自己。故填give up。
9．
根据“Set your own goals (目标), and treat yourself something nice when they come true.”和“Once you’ve met those goals, treat yourself to a movie or a pizza.”可知，当你的目标实现时，你可以给自己一些好东西/请自己看电影或吃比萨饼。故填treat yourself something nice/treat yourself to a movie or a pizza。
10．
根据“You need to make this a lifetime thing if you’re serious about it, and you can’t stop after just 3 weeks.”可知，要使你的好习惯成为一辈子的事情，三周是不够的。坚持下去很重要。故填three weeks/3 weeks。
11．a bad dream
12．follow her
13．get the meaning
14．the key words
15．have a much clearer understanding
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者通过看电影提高了自己的英语水平。
11．
根据“Last year, I didn’t like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream”可知去年每节英语课对我来说都像一场噩梦。故填a bad dream。
12．
根据“The teacher spoke so quickly that I could hardly follow her most of the time”可知老师讲得太快了，我大部分时间都跟不上，follow her“跟随她”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填follow her。
13．
根据“Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning”可知虽然我无法理解角色所说的一切，但他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解了意思，get the meaning“理解意思”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填get the meaning。
14．
根据“I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words”可知只听关键词就能明白意思。故填the key words。
15．
根据“I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a much clearer understanding of English movies”可知我想学习新单词和更多语法，以便对英语电影有更清晰的理解，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填have a much clearer understanding。
16．as small as
17．all dogs are good to hug
18．shakes the water off
19．are easy
20．keep a dog
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍养狗的一些好处，建议我们可以养狗作为宠物。
16．
根据“Some dogs are as small as a football”可知，有些狗像足球一样小，故填as small as。
17．
根据“People don’t mind the kind of fur, because all dogs are good to hug.”可知，人们不介意皮毛的种类，因为所有的狗都好拥抱。故填all dogs are good to hug。
18．
根据“After you give a bath to your dog, it shakes the water off its body.”可知，你给狗洗澡后，它会把身上的水抖掉。故填shakes the water off。
19．
根据“Dogs like to make their owners(主人) happy, so dogs are easy to train.”可知，狗喜欢让主人高兴，所以狗很容易训练。故填are easy。
20．
根据“Why not keep a dog as a pet ”可知，作者建议养狗作为宠物，故填keep a dog。
21．most widely
22．a native language
23．education
24．more often used
25．international
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了英语在世界各地的广泛应用。
21．
根据“But it seems that English is one of the world’s most widely used languages.”可知，英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一，most widely“最广泛地”。故填most widely。
22．
根据“English is spoken as a native language by over 300 million people in the United States,...”可知，英语是超过3亿人的母语，a native language“母语”。故填a native language。
23．
根据“As a second language, it is necessary for business, education, information and other activities in many countries”可知，作为第二语言，英语在许多国家的商业、教育、信息和其他活动中都是必不可少的，education“教育”。故填education。
24．
根据“It is one of the ‘working’ languages of the United Nations（联合国） and is more often used than the others.”可知，英语比其他的语言更常用，more often used“更常用”。故填more often used。
25．
根据“It is said that English has become the language of international transport（运输）in the 1830s.”可知，英语在19世纪30年代成为国际交通工具的语言，international “国际的”。故填international。
26．planting trees
27．difficult##hard##not easy##not an easy job
28．more than 1.5 million##over 1.5 million
29．successful
30．taking caring of his trees##working
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了1988年，王成邦退伍后，到新疆库尔勒植树造林。目前为止，他已经种下了150多万棵树。那些绿树可以防止土地沙漠化，使空气更清洁，保护人们免受烈日的伤害。
26．
根据“In 1988, Wang Chengbang retired (退休) from the army. Instead of enjoying a relaxing life, he volunteered to save the soil from desertification (沙漠化) by planting trees in Korla, Xinjiang.”可知，退休后，王成邦到新疆库尔勒植树，以保护土地不被沙漠化。故填planting trees。
27．
根据“It is not an easy job. The high temperature in Korla makes it difficult for anyone to work day after day in the sunshine. Besides, water is a big problem.”可知，由于高温和水的问题，王成邦种树很难/不容易/不是容易的工作。故填difficult/hard/not easy/not an easy job。
28．
根据“So far, he has planted more than 1.5 million trees.”可知，到目前为止，王成邦已经种植了150多万棵树。故填more than/over 1.5 million。
29．
根据“Wang Chengbang is also successful in fighting against cancer (癌症).”可知，王成邦也成功地战胜了癌症。故填successful。
30．
根据“In 2005, he had cancer and was told that he had only six months to live. However, he continued taking care of his trees rather than lying on the hospital bed.”可知，尽管他在2005年生病了，但他继续照料树木/工作，而不是躺在病床上。故填taking caring of his trees/working。
31．walk to
32．1,400-kilometre
33．some terrible things
34．four months
35．protect humans’ health
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Robert Swan成为第一个行走到北极和南极的冒险家的故事，在冒险过程中，Robert Swan意识到环境保护的重要性。
31．
根据文中“Influenced by famous adventurers Roald Amundsen and Robert Scott, Swan wanted to become the first person to walk to both the North and South Poles (北极和南极).”可知，Swan想成为第一个行走在北极和南极的人。故填walk to。
32．
根据文中“In January 1986, Swan and his team arrived at the South Pole after a 1,400-kilometre journey.”可知，1986年1月，Swan和他的团队在1400公里的旅程后抵达南极。故填1,400-kilometre。
33．
根据文中“During those two adventures, however, Swan noticed some terrible things.”可知，Swan在去极地的旅途中注意到了一些可怕的事情。故填some terrible things。
34．
根据文中“This was four months earlier than the usual ‘melt season’.”可知，在北极，Swan发现“融化季节”比往常早了四个月。故填four months。
35．
根据文中“In doing this, Swan hopes that he can help not only with the Poles, but also with humans’ health.”可知，Swan现在为了保护人类的健康而努力工作；in order to do sth.“为了干某事”。故填protect humans’ health。
36．Eye
37．Not enough food##Gene##Aging
38．take a break every once in a while
39．紫外线
40．protect our eyes##keep healthy eyes
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了保护眼睛的重要性以及如何保护眼睛。
36．
根据“It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care.”可知，眼睛健康和身体健康一样重要，eye health“眼健康”。故填Eye。
37．
根据“There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not enough food, genes and aging.”可知，导致视力低下的原因有很多，如食物不足、基因和老化。故填Not enough food/Gene/Aging。
38．
根据“If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a break every once in a while.”可知，如果你必须在电脑前工作，你最好每隔一段时间休息一下。故填take a break every once in a while。
39．
根据“For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion（时尚）but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.”可知，戴太阳眼镜不仅是为时尚，它们也可以保护眼睛不受紫外线的伤害。所以此处“UV rays”意为“紫外线”。故填：紫外线。
40．
通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了保护眼睛的重要性以及如何保护眼睛。故填protect our eyes/keep healthy eyes。
41．natural eye care
42．poor eyesight
43．use cold water
44．vitamin A
45．eye exercises
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了视力健康的重要性和如何保护视力。
41．
根据“Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.”可知，我们应该把自然的眼部护理放在第一位。故填natural eye care。
42．
根据“Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight.”可知，电视、电脑和阅读也是视力低下的原因。故填poor eyesight。
43．
根据“If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water.”可知，如果有脏东西进入我们的眼睛，我们可以用冷水来清洁我们的眼睛。故填use cold water。
44．
根据“Some foods will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamin A is good for eyes.”可知，含有维生素A的食物对眼睛有好处。故填vitamin A。
45．
根据“Try to eat the food that has vitamin A. And you should do eye exercises because exercise also protects your eyesight.”可知，做眼保健操也可以保护我们的视力。故填eye exercises。
46．respect
47． we haven’t experienced our parents’ lives
48．Company
49．communicate
50．four
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲的是改善我们和父母之间的关系的四点建议。
46．
根据文章第三段中的“The first is respect”可知，改善和父母的关系的第一步是尊重，故填respect。
47．
根据文章第三段中的“You haven’t experienced your parents’ lives, so you may not know that they are under great pressure with their work”可知，我们可能不知道我们的父母工作压力很大，因为我们还没有经历过父母的生活，故填we haven’t experienced our parents’ lives。
48．
根据文章倒数第二段中的“Company is a good way to drive away the black clouds hanging over your family”可知，有人陪伴是驱走笼罩在你家人头上的乌云的好方法，故填Company。
49．
根据文章第五段中的“When you have arguments, you’d better communicate with your parents and show them that you have the right to make your own decisions”可知，对于父母和孩子来说，交流是必需的，communicate“交流”，故填communicate。
50．
根据文章中的“the first”“second”“third”和“Finally”可知，文章介绍了四种改善我们和父母之间的关系的建议，故填four。