高考英语模拟训练——并列连词和名词性从句语法填空＋说明文阅读理解(word版含答案解析）
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| 名称 | 高考英语模拟训练——并列连词和名词性从句语法填空＋说明文阅读理解(word版含答案解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-08-21 17:09:36 | ||
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高考英语模拟训练——并列连词和名词性从句语法填空＋说明文阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(并列连词和名词性从句)
1．Try to read stories you like in English and speak in English whenever you can, ________ you will see more progress over time.
2．Fortune often knocks at the door, ________ the fool does not invite her in.
3．Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, ________ you could have problems.
4．It is your choice! ________ you come to my place ________ I go to yours.
5．We were supposed to receive a warm welcome, but the host was ________ friendly ________ hospitable.
6．Richard swims three times a week after work. This is ________ he keeps fit.
7．Another important quality I should have is a warm personality which means that I should be friendly and ________ I must never be impolite to people.
8．You don't know ________ a letter like that means to me.
9．With time going by, ________ once seemed vital in our life is no longer as important now.
10．I was in such a hurry that I paid no attention to ________ or not the milk was hot.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·山东省一模 说明文 262词 ★★☆☆☆
Organic food is very popular. It is also expensive. Some organic food costs twice as much as non organic food, but new parents and pet owners are willing to pay up to 200% more for organic food. However, there are people who think it is a waste of money.
There is one main difference between organic and non organic food. Organic farms do not use agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides (杀虫剂). In many countries organic foods have special labels. These guarantee that the products are natural.
Some people think organic means locally grown. Originally this was true. Over time organic farming became more difficult. The demand for organic food grew larger than the supply. Small companies had to sell out to large companies. There weren't enough organic ingredients (原料), such as grain and cattle. This made it difficult for many organic companies to stay in business. Today, many large companies have an organic line of products.
Is organic food more nutritious This is part of the debate. Many farmers and consumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer. Many health professionals disagree. Few studies prove that organic foods prevent health problems. Health specialists worry more about bacteria (细菌), such as E. coli and salmonella. These can get into contact with organic and non organic food. Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is important too.
Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra money This is a matter of opinion. Whether it is healthier or not may require more research. However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.
1．What is probably the major concern of organic food consumers
A．Price. B．Safety.
C．Freshness. D．Variety.
2．What is the doctors' suggestion
A．Grow your own food.
B．Reduce the use of pesticides.
C．Make sure the food is clean.
D．Buy large companies' products.
3．Which of the following do most people agree on organic food
A．It tastes better. B．It is easier to grow.
C．It contains more fat. D．It is more nutritious.
4．Where does this text probably come from
A．A recipe book. B．A chemistry paper.
C．A medical report. D．A health magazine.
B
2021·全国乙卷 说明文 300词 ★★★☆☆
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (因素) — only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it)．
How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A. Their target users.
B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions.
D．Their complex design.
6．What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Admit. B．Argue.
C．Remember. D．Remark.
7．What can we say about Baby Boomers
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
8．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
黄金考点
答案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(并列连词和名词性从句)
1．答案与解析：and 这是一个“祈使句＋ and ＋陈述句”结构。后面的陈述句表达的是前面祈使句顺承的结果，所以填 and。
2．答案与解析：but 幸运之神常光顾，痴人不知把门开。前后分句之间是转折关系，故填 but“但是”。
3．答案与解析：or 在你关闭所有的程序之前不要关掉电脑，否则可能会出现问题。此处 or 表示“否则”。
4．答案与解析：Either；or 要么你来我这里，要么我去你那里，一切听你的。 either... or ...“要么……要么……”，符合句意。
5．答案与解析：neither；nor 我们本该受到热烈的欢迎，但是主人既不友好也不热情。 neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……”，符合句意。
6．答案与解析：how/why 设空处引导表语从句，根据句子结构及语境可知，从句中缺少方式状语或原因状语，故用how或why引导。
7．答案与解析：that 我应该有的另一个重要的品质是一种温和的个性，这意味着我应该是友好的，并且永远不能对人不礼貌。which means后为两个并列的宾语从句，and后为第二个宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，应用that连接。因and连接两个宾语从句，第二个that不可省略。故填that。
8．答案与解析：what 句意为：你不知道那样一封信对我来说意味着什么。动词know后为宾语从句。从句中means后缺少宾语，故填what。
9．答案与解析：what 随着时间的流逝，在我们生活中那些曾经看起来很重要的东西现在已经不那么重要了。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指事物，故填what。
10．答案与解析：whether 我太匆忙了以至于没有注意到牛奶是否是热的。to为介词，后面句子为宾语从句，与or not连用的连接词为whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。对于花高价购买有机食品这一行为，人们有不同的观点。有人认为有机食品不含化学物质，吃着更安全；但有专家认为有机食品并不能预防健康问题。有机食品是否更健康可能还有待研究。然而，有机食品消费者认为，安全总比后悔好。
1．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。通过第四段中的“Many farmers and consumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer.”可知，许多农民和消费者认为农业化学品会导致癌症等健康问题。由此可推知，对于有机食品消费者来说，安全可能是他们最为关注的问题。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully.Handling meat carefully is important too.”可知，医生建议仔细清洗农产品，小心处理肉类也很重要。由此可知，应选C项。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better.”可知，大多数人认为自然生长的食物味道更好。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论有机食品与健康问题，有可能选自健康杂志，故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。现在，几乎每个人都有一部手机，但超过半数的澳大利亚家庭仍然使用座机。
5．答案与解析：B 考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段的“you'd be hard pressed to find...In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime”可知，手机在澳大利亚非常普遍，故B项正确。
6．答案与解析：A 考查理解词汇的能力。根据下文中的“it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket...in case of emergencies”可知，调查显示，在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中，有三分之一的人认为座机并不是真的有必要，他们只是把座机看作一种安全保障。由此可推断，画线词concede的含义与admit相近，表示“承认”，故A项正确。
7．答案与解析：C 考查推断的能力。根据第四段的“84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years”和第五段的“That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents”可知，生育高峰期出生的人一直在使用座机，故C项正确。
8．答案与解析：B 考查推断的能力。根据最后一段的第二句“How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries？”可知，座机迟早会像煤气、路灯和晨间牛奶递送服务一样退出我们的生活。故B项正确。
语法填空——代词
考点5 代词的基本用法
考例 Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try.
点拨 give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”。根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。
考点6 代词宾格作宾语(me, us, you, him, her, it, them)
考例 When the gorillas (大猩猩) and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________ (they) alive.
点拨 作动词find的宾语，应用其宾格形式them。
考点7 物主代词作定语修饰名词(my, your, his/her/its, our, your, their)
考例 Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ________ (it) plans for future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
点拨 这里名词plans前缺少定语，根据提示词it可知应用其代词it的形容词性物主代词its。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(并列连词和名词性从句)
1．Try to read stories you like in English and speak in English whenever you can, ________ you will see more progress over time.
2．Fortune often knocks at the door, ________ the fool does not invite her in.
3．Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, ________ you could have problems.
4．It is your choice! ________ you come to my place ________ I go to yours.
5．We were supposed to receive a warm welcome, but the host was ________ friendly ________ hospitable.
6．Richard swims three times a week after work. This is ________ he keeps fit.
7．Another important quality I should have is a warm personality which means that I should be friendly and ________ I must never be impolite to people.
8．You don't know ________ a letter like that means to me.
9．With time going by, ________ once seemed vital in our life is no longer as important now.
10．I was in such a hurry that I paid no attention to ________ or not the milk was hot.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·山东省一模 说明文 262词 ★★☆☆☆
Organic food is very popular. It is also expensive. Some organic food costs twice as much as non organic food, but new parents and pet owners are willing to pay up to 200% more for organic food. However, there are people who think it is a waste of money.
There is one main difference between organic and non organic food. Organic farms do not use agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides (杀虫剂). In many countries organic foods have special labels. These guarantee that the products are natural.
Some people think organic means locally grown. Originally this was true. Over time organic farming became more difficult. The demand for organic food grew larger than the supply. Small companies had to sell out to large companies. There weren't enough organic ingredients (原料), such as grain and cattle. This made it difficult for many organic companies to stay in business. Today, many large companies have an organic line of products.
Is organic food more nutritious This is part of the debate. Many farmers and consumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer. Many health professionals disagree. Few studies prove that organic foods prevent health problems. Health specialists worry more about bacteria (细菌), such as E. coli and salmonella. These can get into contact with organic and non organic food. Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is important too.
Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra money This is a matter of opinion. Whether it is healthier or not may require more research. However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.
1．What is probably the major concern of organic food consumers
A．Price. B．Safety.
C．Freshness. D．Variety.
2．What is the doctors' suggestion
A．Grow your own food.
B．Reduce the use of pesticides.
C．Make sure the food is clean.
D．Buy large companies' products.
3．Which of the following do most people agree on organic food
A．It tastes better. B．It is easier to grow.
C．It contains more fat. D．It is more nutritious.
4．Where does this text probably come from
A．A recipe book. B．A chemistry paper.
C．A medical report. D．A health magazine.
B
2021·全国乙卷 说明文 300词 ★★★☆☆
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (因素) — only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it)．
How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A. Their target users.
B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions.
D．Their complex design.
6．What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Admit. B．Argue.
C．Remember. D．Remark.
7．What can we say about Baby Boomers
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
8．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
黄金考点
答案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(并列连词和名词性从句)
1．答案与解析：and 这是一个“祈使句＋ and ＋陈述句”结构。后面的陈述句表达的是前面祈使句顺承的结果，所以填 and。
2．答案与解析：but 幸运之神常光顾，痴人不知把门开。前后分句之间是转折关系，故填 but“但是”。
3．答案与解析：or 在你关闭所有的程序之前不要关掉电脑，否则可能会出现问题。此处 or 表示“否则”。
4．答案与解析：Either；or 要么你来我这里，要么我去你那里，一切听你的。 either... or ...“要么……要么……”，符合句意。
5．答案与解析：neither；nor 我们本该受到热烈的欢迎，但是主人既不友好也不热情。 neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……”，符合句意。
6．答案与解析：how/why 设空处引导表语从句，根据句子结构及语境可知，从句中缺少方式状语或原因状语，故用how或why引导。
7．答案与解析：that 我应该有的另一个重要的品质是一种温和的个性，这意味着我应该是友好的，并且永远不能对人不礼貌。which means后为两个并列的宾语从句，and后为第二个宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，应用that连接。因and连接两个宾语从句，第二个that不可省略。故填that。
8．答案与解析：what 句意为：你不知道那样一封信对我来说意味着什么。动词know后为宾语从句。从句中means后缺少宾语，故填what。
9．答案与解析：what 随着时间的流逝，在我们生活中那些曾经看起来很重要的东西现在已经不那么重要了。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指事物，故填what。
10．答案与解析：whether 我太匆忙了以至于没有注意到牛奶是否是热的。to为介词，后面句子为宾语从句，与or not连用的连接词为whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。对于花高价购买有机食品这一行为，人们有不同的观点。有人认为有机食品不含化学物质，吃着更安全；但有专家认为有机食品并不能预防健康问题。有机食品是否更健康可能还有待研究。然而，有机食品消费者认为，安全总比后悔好。
1．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。通过第四段中的“Many farmers and consumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer.”可知，许多农民和消费者认为农业化学品会导致癌症等健康问题。由此可推知，对于有机食品消费者来说，安全可能是他们最为关注的问题。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully.Handling meat carefully is important too.”可知，医生建议仔细清洗农产品，小心处理肉类也很重要。由此可知，应选C项。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better.”可知，大多数人认为自然生长的食物味道更好。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论有机食品与健康问题，有可能选自健康杂志，故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。现在，几乎每个人都有一部手机，但超过半数的澳大利亚家庭仍然使用座机。
5．答案与解析：B 考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段的“you'd be hard pressed to find...In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime”可知，手机在澳大利亚非常普遍，故B项正确。
6．答案与解析：A 考查理解词汇的能力。根据下文中的“it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket...in case of emergencies”可知，调查显示，在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中，有三分之一的人认为座机并不是真的有必要，他们只是把座机看作一种安全保障。由此可推断，画线词concede的含义与admit相近，表示“承认”，故A项正确。
7．答案与解析：C 考查推断的能力。根据第四段的“84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years”和第五段的“That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents”可知，生育高峰期出生的人一直在使用座机，故C项正确。
8．答案与解析：B 考查推断的能力。根据最后一段的第二句“How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries？”可知，座机迟早会像煤气、路灯和晨间牛奶递送服务一样退出我们的生活。故B项正确。
语法填空——代词
考点5 代词的基本用法
考例 Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try.
点拨 give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”。根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。
考点6 代词宾格作宾语(me, us, you, him, her, it, them)
考例 When the gorillas (大猩猩) and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________ (they) alive.
点拨 作动词find的宾语，应用其宾格形式them。
考点7 物主代词作定语修饰名词(my, your, his/her/its, our, your, their)
考例 Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ________ (it) plans for future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
点拨 这里名词plans前缺少定语，根据提示词it可知应用其代词it的形容词性物主代词its。