2022-2023学年北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册：Unit 3 Conservation B卷 单元测试卷（含解析）

2022-2023学年北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册：Unit 3 Conservation B卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Each year, hundreds of thousands of wild animals around the world are killed in trophy hunting—the organised shooting of animals for pleasure. The hunters then bring parts of the animal home with them as their "trophy" to remember the hunting.
Trophy hunters pay big money to kill animals. Some of the money goes to helping wildlife protection. Trophy hunting also attracts business, which encourages people to preserve land and breed (饲养) animals that would otherwise be endangered. Cathy Dean, head of the Save the Rhino Charity, says that at the start of the 1900s there were only 50 - 100 southern white rhinos. Now, there are around 18,000. This is partly because some of them were raised specially for trophy hunting.
But things don't usually go on one way. According to WWF, elephant populations have fallen from 1.3 million to just over 400,000 since the 1980s. Over the same period, hunters from around the world have taken home more than 100,000 African elephant trophies. Trophy hunting is not illegal but unfair on the animals. In 2015, Cecil the lion was shot by a US trophy hunter. Cecil was a beloved lion in Zimbabwe, Africa. Cecil was lured with bait (诱饵), shot with an arrow and struggled in blood for more than ten hours before his hunters tracked and finished killing him. His son, Xanda, met a similar fate two years later.
Cecil's death caused worldwide outrage and protests (反抗) against trophy hunting. Countries including Australia, France and the Netherlands banned(禁止) the import of lion trophies—they stop hunters from being allowed to bring home parts of the animal they kill. They believe that people will stop trophy hunting because the activity might lose its attraction if hunters can't bring their trophies home.
The UK government said that it would consider a ban on trophy-hunting imports by 2017, but no action had been taken. In April 2019, a letter by protesters against trophy hunting was sent to the UK government asking to ban trophy-hunting imports. On 7 May, the official in charge of the environment, Michael Gove, said that the UK would not ban the imports for the time being. This left the world in a state of shock. Hopefully the UK will place a ban on trophy-hunting imports, which would be an important message and inspire others to treat animals better. We're waiting for the day to come.
1. A trophy hunter usually ______________.
A. kills wild animals for food
B. learns about wildlife in the hunting
C. gives a large amount of money to protect wildlife
D. takes part of the animal home in memory of the hunting
2. Why does the writer mention Cecil's story in Paragraph 3
A. To prove trophy hunting makes some animal species endangered.
B. To show how animals suffered painfully in trophy hunting.
C. To attach importance to protecting wild lions in Africa.
D. To persuade trophy hunters to hunt in a legal way.
3. What is the writers attitude towards the UK's decision on the ban of trophy-hunting imports
A. Delighted. B. Disappointed. C. Approved. D. Positive.
B
A Chinese college student cycles over 1,000 kilometres in 19 days to encourage environmental protection.
The college student from central China's Hubei Province cycled over 1,000 kilometres to Shanghai in 19 days to highlight the importance of environmental protection, receiving high praise from related departments.
Huang Xi's journey started on Aug. 3 from Xiaochang County, Hubei, spreading the message of environmental protection to over 5,000 people along his route. Huang said it was not very easy to start a conversation about environmental protection with strangers. "First you have to narrow the distance between you and your audience," he noted. For instance, he would greet people at the roadside and introduce himself and his plan. He told Shanghai Observer that the environmental issue was not a good conversation opener because not everyone was interested.
Straw burning(秸秆焚烧) was a major focus for Huang since his journey began in summer. "Many people don't burn straw because there's a fine, but not many of them know that burning straw actually pollutes the environment," he said.
Explaining the ban on straw burning, the benefits of sorting of waste as well as the importance of creatures in water and plants protection were the major part of his job on the road.
16 local authorities of environmental protection along Huang's route praised his efforts. "Environmental protection calls for not only governmental efforts but also social efforts," said Chen Bin, an official from Wuhan's environmental department.
Huang shared his experience on social media, which gave him a level of support on his journey. However, his cycling also drew the bad side of comments. Some said that his journey was only a publicity stunt (作秀), and some even said that in fact, it was a trip that Huang had to make since he ran out of his money at Internet cafes. Huang replied and tried to prove that what they said was not true.
Huang, who studies environmental engineering in college, set off again on Sept. 27 to take part in a training camp held by a centre of environmental protection in Hubei Province. "I will share my experience of the journey, and hope people will pay more attention to the environment," he said.
1. What is the purpose of Huang's cycling
A. To have a good sightseeing.
B. To receive high praise from related departments.
C. To let people know the importance of protecting environment.
D. To solve the problem of straw burning.
2. What can we learn from the text
A. Huang's cycling didn't draw any attention.
B. What Huang studies in college is related to environment.
C. Environmental protection needs only social efforts.
D. It's a good idea to start a conversation by environmental issues.
3. When did Huang finish the cycling
A. On Jul. 3. B. On Sep. 27. C. On Aug. 22 D. On Oct. 3.
4. What is the attitude of the related departments to the cycling
A. They think highly of it. B. They disagree with it.
C. They show no interest in it. D. They doubt it.
C
Plans to bring wild tigers back to their original home, their historical range (历史分布范围) in the Ili-Balkhash region, have been announced by Kazakhstan(哈萨克斯坦) and an agreement with World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF) to conduct a tiger reintroduction programme has been signed. "It will not only bring wild tigers back to their original home, but also protect the unique ecosystem of the Ili-Balkhash region," said Askar Myrzakhmetov, the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
If successful, Kazakhstan will be the first country in the world to bring wild tigers back to an entire region where they have died out for nearly half a century. Tiger reintroduction projects have only been achieved within national borders and in areas that are considered current tiger habitats. Kazakhstan's tiger reintroduction programme is unique and it badly requires the restoration of a vast forest that is part of the wild tigers historical range.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, wild tigers have lost over 90 percent of their historical range. Wild tigers have completely disappeared from the region since the late 1940s, due to the loss of habitat. To prepare for the return of wild tigers, on 1 st January 2021 Kazakhstan will set up a new nature reserve in the southwestern Ili-Balkhash, in order to restore the unique forest habitat. This will include the protection of existing wildlife, and reintroducing important prey (猎物), such as the endangered wild Bactrian deer.
Restoring tigers will also help protect Lake Balkhash and prevent it from repeating the fate of the Aral Sea, formerly the world's fourth largest lake and now 10 percent of its original size. "The hard work remains ahead of us. We have to spare no effort to make this region ready for tigers and involve all the relevant people to make this happen. That means dealing with illegal activities, having these people who govern parks be well trained and equipped, increasing prey populations and involving local communities," said Ekaterina Vorobyeva, Director of the WWF programme.
1. What is Askar Myrzakhmetov's attitude towards the tiger reintroduction programme
A. Doubtful. B. Favourable. C. Concerned. D. Disapproving.
2. What made the wild tigers disappear in the Ili-Balkhash region
A. The increasing loss of prey. B. The evolution of the species.
C. The lack of natural living places. D. The serious environmental pollution.
3. Which measure may be taken for the reintroduction of tigers
A. Regulating human activities. B. Limiting the number of prey.
C. Building a reserve for tigers only. D. Training tigers to be more adaptable.
4. What is the best title of the passage
A. Efforts to Restore Forests in Kazakhstan
B. Bringing Tigers Back Home to Kazakhstan
C. Attempts to Handle Illegal Activities Effectively
D. Preventing Tigers Disappearing in Kazakhstan
D
The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organisations have started turning plastics into fabric(织物) to deal with plastic pollution. But there's a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.
Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic(合成的) clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can't collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers(下水道) and finally end up in the sea.
In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic clothing can produce more than 1,900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.
This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.
Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organisations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental "solution". Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design—his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn't get a satisfying answer. Only one women's clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.
1. What has happened during the past five years
A. Fabric has become much stronger. B. Plastic pollution has been less serious.
C. Many plastic wastes have been reused. D. Microfibers have been greatly improved.
2. What does Browne think of washing synthetic clothes
A. It is adding microfibers to the clothes.
B. It is worsening environmental problems.
C. It is making synthetic clothes last longer.
D. It is doing great damage to washing machines.
3. What can be inferred about Browned Benign by Design research project
A. It has achieved great success. B. It hasn't got anything done.
C. It is known to very few people. D. It is facing some difficulties.
4. What's the best title for the text
A. It's Important to Learn to Recycle
B. It's Never Easy to Solve Pollution Problems
C. Recycled Plastic Clothing: Solution or Pollution
D. Are Human Beings Moving Forward or Backward
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Be a Green Child
What does it mean to be green "Green" is more than just a colour. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Why green Plants are green, and without them the Earth wouldn't be such a lovely home for us human beings. What can we do ①_____________
Reduce It!
②_____________ For instance, a shorter shower means you used less water and less fuel since your house uses fuel to run the heater that warms up the water.
Reuse It!
Sometimes people call ours a "throwaway society". It means that we're a little too willing to throw away old stuff(东西) and buy new stuff. ③_____________ For instance, if your baby brother becomes older and loses interest in his plastic basketball hoop(篮圈), why not give it to another family who has a little kid
Recycle It!
Recycling has never been easier. Many communities will pick it up right in front of your house and some towns even require it. Recycled goods go to a recycling centre, where they can be turned into new cans, bottles, and paper.
Enjoy It!
It's true that rubbish and pollution are problems, but the Earth remains a huge and beautiful place that's ready for you to explore. ④_____________ Go for a hike, visit local nature centres and gardens, and climb up mountains.
But before you travel the globe, take a look at your own backyard. Is there a spot where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden ⑤_____________
A. Here's a four-step guide to being green.
B. Many times, even if you no longer need something, someone else just might.
C. You can start locally by visiting the naturally beautiful spots in your city.
D. Turn off the water when you're brushing your teeth.
E. Get out there and get your hands dirty.
F. You can watch with pride as your tree takes root and your garden plants grow.
G. When you use less of something, you do a good thing for the Earth.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My two sons are both grown-ups now. They are 32 and 27 years old this year. Yet they both still have the mind of children. Autism (自闭症) has limited their 1 growth and they still need to be looked after all the time. When I was a boy, the term used for people like my sons was Mentally Retarded. By the time I was an adult the term had 2 to Mentally Handicapped. 3 , this was switched again to Mentally Challenged. 4 of these terms truly defined(定义) them, however.
These days the 5 term is Special Needs. I like this one better than the older ones, because it is more 6 . My sons do have special needs but they also have special gifts. My oldest boy may only be able to 7 certain things. But when he 8 people by name, there is a catching happiness in his mood and manner. He always 9 love and hugs far more freely than I do. My youngest boy is 10 in his own world most of the time. But he also has an 11 to laugh and enjoy life. Often after he finishes crying, his happiness will immediately return. My two Special-Needs sons have 12 me more about how to live and how to love than I could have ever learnt on my own.
The fact is that all of us in life have special needs. All of us also have special gifts. It is up to us to 13 our gifts. It is up to us to meet the needs of each other. And it is up to us to 14 each other with kindness and love. Remember, we are all one 15 here. We are all children of the same world.
1. A. fundamental B. mental C. personal D. physical
2. A. added B. occurred C. referred D. switched
3. A. Later B. Lately C. Still D. Eventually
4. A. All B. Both C. Neither D. None
5. A. first B. last C. newest D. closest
6. A. attractive B. accurate C. admirable D. artificial
7. A. talk about B. bring about C. argue about D. hear about
8. A. confirms B. consults C. cheers D. greets
9. A. gives up B. gives in C. gives out D. gives off
10. A. left B. lost C. trapped D. surrounded
11. A. ability B. atmosphere C. expression D. instruction
12. A. impressed B. inspired C. terrified D. taught
13. A. gather B. harvest C. share D. form
14. A. treat B. forgive C. appreciate D. remind
15. A. village B. family C. team D. league
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year in the month of March, one of ①_______ world's greatest wildlife migrations (迁徙) stops in central Nebraska. For a short time, sandhill cranes (沙丘鹤)fill the state's wide, flat fields. The land provides the birds ②_______ a perfect place to rest and eat.
Since several years ago, more and more people ③_______(discover) the migration. Visitors crowd into river blinds—special buildings that help keep the bird watchers ④_______(hide) themselves. They look through their cameras or telescopes in wonder.
The sandhill cranes are worth the trip. They are ⑤_______(general) a little over a metre tall. They have long legs and necks. Their wings stretch over two metres. Sandhill cranes have soft, grey feathers. They ⑥_______(know) for having a bright red area on the top of their heads.
The birds stop in Nebraska as they make their way from their winter homes in Mexico and some ⑦_______ (south) parts of the United States. The birds usually spend two to three ⑧_______(week) at this place ⑨_______ they leave. They arrive in waves, at times as many as 400, 000 in one day. They eat in the nearby fields and grass lands. Leftover grain, insects and small creatures give ⑩_______(they) the energy they need as they continue their trip north, towards Canada and Siberia.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
你是李华。某英文报社想了解你校高一新生入学以来的学习生活适应情况，以下是你的调查报告，请将调查内容及个人观点用英文写信告诉报社负责人。
60%的学生认为 40%的学生认为 我的观点
1. 高中学习并不轻松； 2. 科目难度大,课后作业多； 3. 没有时间参加锻炼等活动 1. 适应并喜欢高中生活； 2. 课程更有趣，活动更丰富，受益匪浅 ……
注意：
1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 文中不要提及真实的校名和人名；
3. 书写规范，卷面整洁。
参考词汇：course课程；exercise锻炼；benefit对……有益；adapt to适应
Dear Sir,
Recently, a survey has been carried out in our school whether the freshmen have adapted to the life in senior high school. ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Once there was a merchant who had fine silk and rugs (毛毯) to sell. He wished to send his goods to a city on the other side of the desert.
Abdul, the merchant, owned a large caravan (商队) of camels, and he employed many men. For many days, Abdul and his men had been preparing for the journey because of the boundless desert with hot sand and the grass out of sight for miles. It required many camels to carry the merchant's goods, tents, bottles of water, firewood, bags of rice and some tools.
At last, the caravan was ready for the journey. The sun shone steadily, making the sand so hot that no one could walk upon it in the daytime. So Abdul and his men travelled all at night. One man was the pilot. He rode ahead because he knew the stars, and he could guide the caravan by them.
They travelled night after night, resting during the heat of the day. Unfortunately, when the caravan started another evening, the pilot led the way as usual, but after a while, weary with many nights of watching, he fell asleep.
All night long the caravan travelled. At daybreak the pilot awoke and looked at the last star fading in the morning light. "Halt (停下)!" he called, "The camels must have turned while I slept. We are at the place from which we started yesterday." Even worse, another man shouted, "The man with the camel carrying the rest water and firewood, who is walking at the end of our group, is gone!"
There was no water to drink. There was no firewood to cook the food. The men lay down with despair, "We are lost!"
Paragraph 1:
It seemed that only one person remained positive.___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A shout of joy burst from the lips of the men._______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DBB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"The hunters then bring parts of the animal home with them as their 'trophy' to remember the hunting.(然后猎人把动物的一部分带回家作为他们的'战利品'来纪念这次狩猎。)"可知,猎人通常会把动物的一部分带回家,以纪念这次狩猎。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Trophy hunting is not illegal but unfair on the animals."可知,战利品狩猎并不违法,但对动物是不公平的。 接着文章举出Cecil的事例来进一步说明动物在狩猎中所遭受的痛苦。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"This left the world in a state of shock. Hopefully the UK will place a ban on trophy-hunting imports, which would be an important message and inspire others to treat animals better. We're waiting for the day to come.(这让全世界大为震惊。英国将有望禁止战利品狩猎进口,这将是一个重要的信息,并将激励其他人更好地对待动物。我们在等待那一天的到来。)"可知,对于英国政府的决定,作者感到震惊和不满意。delighted高兴的;disappointed失望的;approved赞同的;positive肯定的。故选B。
B
答案：1-4.CBCA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The college student from central China's Hubei Province cycled over 1,000 kilometres to Shanghai in 19 days to highlight the importance of environmental protection"可知,黄曦骑自行车的目的是让人们知道保护环境的重要性。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Huang, who studies environmental engineering in college"可知,黄曦在大学所学的专业与环境有关。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段"A Chinese college student cycles over 1,000 kilometres in 19 days to encourage environmental protection.(一名中国大学生在19天内骑行1,000多公里,以鼓励环保。)"和第三段第一句中"Huang Xi's journey started on Aug. 3 from Xiaochang County (黄曦于 8 月3日从孝昌县出发)"可推知,黄曦是在8月22 日完成的自骑行。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第六段中的"16 local authorities of enironmental protection along Huang's route praised his efforts. 'Environmental protection calls for not only governmental efforts but also social efforts,'..."可推知,有关部门对此次骑行活动进行了高度评价。故选A。
C
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句"It will not only bring wild tigers back to their original home, but also protect the unique ecosystem of the Ili-Balkhash region"可以看出,Askar Myrzakhmetov 认为重新引进老虎项目不仅能将野生老虎带回原来的家,而且还能保护Ili-Balkhasli地区独特的生态环境'也就是说,Askar Myrzakhmetov很赞同这个项目,认为它意义重大。doubtful怀疑的;favourable赞同的;concerned关心的;disapproving不赞同的。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Wild tigers have completely disappeared from the region since the late 1940s, due to the loss of habitat."可知, 20 世纪40年代末野生老虎从该地区完全消失是由于栖息地的丧失。所以C项"The lack of natural living places(缺少自然的居住地)"与文章内容一致。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"That means dealing with illegal activities..."可知,实施这个项目要做很多准备工作,其中包括处理违法活动,即限制人类肆意捕杀或者破坏野生地。所以A 项"Regulating human activities (管控人类活动)"是引进老虎之前要采取的措施之一。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。文章一开始就介绍了哈萨克斯坦准备引进野生老虎这一计划,下文对这一计划的背景、内容、意义及实施它所需的准备工作等方面展开了介绍。所以B项"Bringing Tigers Back Home to Kazakhstan"与文章主旨一致。A 项和C项是实施这一计划需要做的准备工作, D 项则是实施这一计划的目的,而不是本文的主要内容。故选B。
D
答案：1-4.CBDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的"During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organisations have started turning plastics into fabric (织物) to deal with plastic pollution."可知,在过去的五年里,许多服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料转变成织物来处理塑料污染。所以判断出在过去的五年里许多塑料废品已被重新利用。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"He explains that every time synthetic (合成的) clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can't collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers(下水道) and finally end up in the sea."可知,他解释说,每次合成纤维衣服进入洗衣机,都会有大量塑料纤维脱落。大多数洗衣机无法收集这些微纤维。因此,每当水从洗衣机中流出时,微纤维就会进入下水道,最终流入大海。所以通过布朗的解释可以判断出,他认为洗合成纤维衣服正在使环境问题恶化。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design... Browne didn't get a satisfying answer."可知,当他要求知名服装公司来支持他的研究项目Benign by Design时,并没有得到令人满意的答案。所以可以判断出布朗的Benign by Design正面临一些困难。故选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,在过去的五年里,大量的服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料变成织物来处理塑料污染。但是这种方法有一个问题。现在的研究表明,微纤维可能是海洋中塑料的最大来源。来自加州圣巴巴拉的马克 布朗博士的研究也证实了这一点。所以短文主要是围绕"回收塑料服装:是解决方案还是污染 "展开的。故选C。
第二节
答案：AGBCF
解析：①根据本空前的"It also means taking special steps to protect the environment."及"What can we do "可知,绿色也意味着采取特别的措施保护环境,那么我们该做些什么呢 下文又给出了环保的建议,因此此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句,故A项"Here's a four-step guide to being green.(这里有个关于环保的四步指南。)"符合语境。故选A。
②根据本空后的"For instance, a shorter shower means you used less water and less fuel"可知,较短的淋浴意味着你用更少的水和燃料,故G项"When you use less of something, you do a good thing for the Earth.(当你少用一些东西时,你就对地球做了一件好事。)"符合语境。故选G。
③根据本空后的"For instance, if your baby brother becomes older and loses interest in his plastic basketball hoop (篮圈), why not give it to another family who has a little kid "可知,如果你的弟弟长大了,对塑料篮圈失去了兴趣,为什么不把它送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢 故B项"Many times, even if you no longer need something, someone else just might.(很多时候,即使你不再需要某样东西,别人也可能需要。)"符合语境。故选B。
④根据本段小标题"Enjoy It!"及本空后的"Go for a hike, visit local nature centres and gardens, and climb up mountains."可知,欣赏环境应该从参观身边的、当地的一些自然景观开始,所以C 项"You can start locally by visiting the naturally beautiful spots in your city.(你可以从参观城市当地的自然美景开始。)"符合语境。故选C。
⑤根据本空前的"...take a look at your own backyard. Is there a spot where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden "可知,看一下你的后院里有没有地方种一棵树或建一个小的果蔬园,此处承接上文,故F项"You can watch with pride as your tree takes root and your garden plants grow.(你可以骄傲地看着你的树生根发芽,看着园子里的植物生长。)"符合语境。故选F。
6.答案：1-5.BDADC; 6-10.BADCB; 11-15.ADCAB
解析：1.根据上一句 Yet they both still have the mind of children.可知,是自闭症限制了他们智力的( mental)发育。mind与 mental相呼应。故选B。
2.句意为:到了我是成年人的时候,这个名称换成了智力障碍。从上文可知,在作者小时候,这种病叫作智力迟钝,而现在叫作智力障碍,这说明这个名称转换( switched)了;同时,下文有明确提到 switched again。故选D。
3.根据上文可知,这个名称变了三次,所以此处是就时间上的顺序而言,故A项( Later)符合语境。故选A。
4.由空后的 however可知,该空与上文意思相反,表示以上三者都没有(None)准确地定义这种疾病。故选D。
5.根据后一句中的 I like this one better than the older ones可知,这是最新( newest)的名称。故选C。
6.根据下一句中的 My sons do have special needs可知,作者的儿子们的确有特殊的需求,这说明此表达更准确一些,故accurate符合语境。 artificial意为"人工的"。故选B。
7.根据上文可知,自闭症限制了他们大脑的发育,所以,作者的大儿子也许只能谈论(talk about)某些特定的事情。其他选项均不符合语境。故选A。
8.根据空后的by name可推测,此处表示他通过名字和别人打招呼(greets)时,他的心情和举止都洋溢着极具感染力的快乐。confirm意为"确认";consult意为"咨询;请教"。故选D。
9.根据语境可知,此处指给出(gives out)爱和拥抱。give out意为"分发;发出",符合语境。give up意为"放弃";give in意为"投降;屈服";give off意为"发出(气味等)"。故选C。
10.根据常识可知,自闭症的症状之一就是沉迷于(lost)自己的世界,不与外界接触。故选B。
11.根据第二段第三句中的they also have special gifts可知,此处指他有能力(ability)去笑和享受生活。故A项正确。故选A。
12.根据空后的I could have ever learnt可知,此处表示作者对比自己学到的东西和从孩子身上看到的东西,发现是孩子教会(taught)了他更多关于如何去生活和如何去爱的品质。故选D。
13.根据全文内容可知,作者的两个儿子所做的事情是分享(share)他们的爱和善良,即分享(share)他们的天赋。故C选项符合语境。故选C。
14.根据空后的with kindness and love可知,此处指用善良和爱对待(treat)彼此。故A项符合语境。故选A。
15.根据后一句We are all children of the same world.可知,此处表示我们都是同一个家庭(family)里的孩子。故选B。
第二节
答案：the; with; have discovered; hiding; generally; are known; southern; weeks; before; them
解析：①"one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"为固定表达, 意为"最……的……之一"。故填the。
② provide sb with sth 为固定搭配,意为"给某人提供某物"也可以表达为 provide sth for sb。故填with。
③根据时间状语 Since several years ago 可知,此处要用现在完成时,且主语是 people。故填have discovered。
④句意为:游客们涌入河帘——种帮助观鸟者保持隐蔽的特殊建筑物。keep为动词, bird watchers为宾语,动词hide在这里充当宾补,二者之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词形式。故填hiding。
⑤设空处修饰 a little over a metre tall,应用副词,故填 generally,意为"通常地;一般地"。故填generally。
⑥ be known for...为固定搭配,意为"因……而出名"。此处表示一般情况,应用一般现在时,且主语为复数。故填are known。
⑦此处修饰名词parts,应用形容词。故填形容词southern。
⑧ week为可数名词,且此处前有 two to three 修饰,应用复数形式。故填weeks。
⑨句意为:在离开之前,这些鸟通常在这个地方待两到三周。分析句子结构可知,此处为时间状语从句,缺少从属连词,根据语境可知,此处是指"在……之前"。故填before。
⑩分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作宾语,要用代词宾格。故填them。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：Dear Sir,
Recently, a survey has been carried out in our school whether the freshmen have adapted to the life in senior high school.
60% of the students think that life in senior high school is not relaxing. Firstly, the subjects they are learning now are obviously more difficult. Besides, they have to do endless homework after class, which leaves them little time for exercise and other activities.
Others say they quite adapt to the new life and begin to enjoy it. They say that they find the courses are more interesting and the activities are more colourful, which benefits them a lot.
As far as I'm concerned, we should balance our study and other activities.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
It seemed that only one person remained positive. It's Abdul, who thought, "If we sit around with despair, all will be lost. I must find water." He started watching the ground closely. Hours later, a tuft of grass was finally seen. He ran back calling, "Bring the e quickly!" The pilot ran with him to where the grass was growing. They began to dig, and soon they struck a rock. Abdul put his ear close to the rock. "Water!" he cried, "I hear water running!"
A shout of joy burst from the lips of the men. In excitement, they struck the rock again and again. At last, the rock broke and water flowed out. They drank the water eagerly, and afterwards led the camels to the spring. In the evening, the men continued on their journey. On the way, they accidentally found the man and the camel that were lost because they were too tired to follow. Finally, they reached the city the very next day.