2022-2023学年北师大版（2019）必修第一册：Unit 2 Sports and Fitness B卷 单元测试卷（含解析）

2022-2023学年北师大版（2019）必修第一册：Unit 2 Sports and Fitness B卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some Words and Phrases That Defined (给……下定义) 2020
For the first time since 2004, when Oxford Languages, the publisher of the OED, started choosing a Word of the Year, it refused to pick just one. We couldn't pick one, either. Here are some words and phrases that we think catch what it felt like to be alive in 2020.
Blursday
The passage of time itself became seemingly unreliable in 2020, as some days felt like a week while some months flew by in an instant. Our friends even created a newsletter called "What Day Is It ".
Remote learning
Farah Miller, an editor, shared her family's experience with remote learning in 2020. "Schools were closed without a plan for how to teach homebound(困居家中的)kids. My preschooler was given five worksheets and a list of activities she couldn't possibly do on her own. Or were they really remotely learning That was the question I found myself asking in the spring."
Social distancing
As experts learned more about the spread of the virus, "6 feet" became the golden number; the distance we should stay away from others to prevent the spread of COVID-19, and also a shorthand(简略的表达方式) for how to deal with the challenges in the new world.
Zoom
Up until around March of 2020, Zoom was unknown to the public. Then the home became the office for millions of Americans, and our social lives moved entirely online. Almost overnight Zoom appeared to be the go-to platform for private citizens, religious services and universities. "We Live in Zoom Now," The Times even declared.
1. In what situation can the word "blursday" be used according to the passage
A. One is anxious about humans' future. B. One misses the good old days.
C. One fails to choose a word to define 2020. D. One is not sure what day it is.
2. What's Farah Miller's attitude to remote learning
A. Indifferent. B. Doubtful. C. Curious. D. Satisfied.
3. What does Zoom most probably function as
A. An online platform keeping people's social activities.
B. An app reminding people of "6 feet" social distance.
C. A newsletter to update the information of COVID-19.
D. A hi-tech instrument to record people's health.
B
Do you like running enough to make it a habit Tierney Wolfgram does; she has made running a lifelong career and isn't stopping.
In February, 2020, the 16-year-old from a US high school competed at the 2020 U. S. Olympic Team Trials - Marathon. She finished the marathon with a time of 2: 42: 47 as the youngest competitor in the race and ranked 76th out of 390 women runners. However, the cross-country season was postponed (推迟) to winter because of COVID-19. So she jumped at the opportunity to train for another race — the Parkway Marathon in California. In November, Wolfgram broke the women's American junior marathon record, which had stood since 1984, with her time of 2:31:49.
"I'm completely stunned," said Wolfgram's coach. "I knew she was going to break it, but she really succeeded!"
During the run, Wolfgram once hit a wall, but she overcame it to finish. "I guess I can say I gave it my all," she told Runner's World. "When I finished, I felt super happy," Wolfgram said. This was only her third marathon. In 2018, when Wolfgram was 15 years old, she ran her first marathon just because she wanted to see if she had the ability to do it. "I believed that I would get faster as the distances got longer... I'm still glad that I did it."
When preparing for that first marathon, she ran up to 120 miles per week. Although her parents didn't have any background in running, they helped Wolfgram train. At first, her dad would take her out in the morning and run about 13 miles. The distance would gradually increase each day. On top of her runs in the morning, she would do cross-country practice after school. Now Wolfgram considers attending the Olympic Games in 2024.
1. What can we learn about Wolfgram from Paragraph 2
A. She was the champion at the 2020 U. S. Olympic Team Trials - Marathon.
B. She put off the cross-country season for COVID-19.
C. She broke an Olympic marathon record in November.
D. She prepared for the Parkway Marathon in California.
2. What does the underlined word "stunned" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Frightened. B. Worried. C. Shocked. D. Interested.
3. What inspired Wolfgram to run her first marathon
A. Her parents' encouragement. B. Her coach's support and help.
C. Her desire to find out if she could do it. D. Her hope to break the national record.
4. Which section of a newspaper does the passage probably come from
A. Sports. B. Lifestyle. C. Culture. D. Entertainment.
C
Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism(批评) from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has suggested that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development can be critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺点) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be careful that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters, performances. Encouragement has a greater effect on improvement than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A. Mental stress should be reduced. B. Sport should be made less competitive.
C. Stress should be made less. D. Sport can be mentally challenging.
2. According to the passage, young people can benefit from sport because ______.
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it enables them to criticize themselves
C. it can provide them with valuable experiences
D. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
3. According to the passage, parents and coaches should _______.
A. enable children to enjoy sport B. help children to win every game
C. train children to deal with stress D. understand the meaning of sport
4. The author's purpose in writing the passage is _______.
A. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
C. to stress the importance of encouraging children
D. to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D
Teenagers' fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness. Exercise makes your body strong, and helps you to keep the right body weight. Sports scientist Dr. Helen Lopez offers the following advice to teenagers: "First, you need to find out your present level of fitness. Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier."
Dr. Lopez points out that there are three levels of fitness that need a change of lifestyle. "Overweight" means that the person gets very little exercise and often has a serious weight problem. "Inactive" means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight. "Active" refers to people who take part in sports and other physical activities, but do not have a high fitness level.
According to Dr. Lopez, overweight teenagers should keep active to keep healthy. "Ride a bike, play volleyball or basketball for a while, and go for a twenty-minute walk each day. All these will help to burn calories." Inactive teenagers should do similar activities, but add some bending and stretching exercises, such as push-ups and sit-ups, starting with twenty of each a day. "Inactive people can take a little more exercise than overweight people because their bodies are stronger," said Dr. Lopez. The same principle applies to active teenagers.
Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. "These are really important in order to prevent injuries," Dr. Lopez said. Some weight-training and other body-strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase the person's strength.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT the reason why physical exercise is important
A. It can make the teenagers grow taller. B. It can help teenagers become healthier.
C. It can help to bum up calories. D. It can increase teenagers' strength.
2. What can we learn from the passage
A. Active people always have a high fitness level.
B. Overweight people always take more exercise.
C. Inactive teenagers are not seriously overweight.
D. Keeping fit means changing teenagers' lifestyle.
3. In order to prevent injuries, you should do some ________ exercises.
A. walking B. stretching and bending
C. riding D. weight-training
4. What is the best title for the passage
A. Doing exercises B. Teenagers' Fitness C. Different Lifestyles D. Overweight Teenagers
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reasons Why Running Is the Easiest Exercise
Some people think that running is hard. I once thought that way too. ①_____ Here's why it is such an easy activity to start and stick to.
It can be as easy or hard as you want.
Many people start running by going out and running as fast as they can for as long as they can. That is not so fun. ②_____ But easing into it is a different story. Start slowly and cover a short distance. Then gradually work your way up. In this way, running can be pain-free and actually wonderful.
③_____
Classes at the gym are great but they always end up never working for me. With a busy life, I find it hard to attend a class. On the other hand, with running, you just need to find the time whenever you can, here and there, and change it around.
The gear(装备) is simple.
④_____ However, that's really just about all you need. There is no gear. Expensive sport-specific clothes are available(可用的) but not required. If you fall in love with running, you may think you need some seasonal running clothes. Even so, that will be cheaper than bike gear.
You can do it anywhere.
You can run in the city. You can run on a track, in a park, on the street or even on the beach. You can run at home. You can run when you travel. And in fact, running around new cities when traveling is great fun. ⑤_____
A. You can do it on your own schedule.
B. Choose some training classes at the gym.
C. It is important to have proper running shoes.
D. Starting on a running track is a great way to begin.
E. That is a wonderful way to get to know a place.
F. It might make you hurt or even cause injuries.
G. But if you work out properly, it is easy and wonderful.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For me, becoming an Olympian was not developing a gift of natural athletic ability, but an act of will.
In the summer of 1979, I started 1 for the Olympic trials (选拔赛) to be held the next year. I felt happy as I made progress towards my big 2 . But then in November, an 3 situation appeared. I injured my back and couldn't move. I had to leave the 4 . Everyone around me felt 5 for me. Everyone but me.
I never believed this would 6 me. However, my action was 7 With only a few months remaining, I knew I would never make it 8 I did something. So, I started training in the only way I could in my mind.
I bought films of the world-record holders in pentathlon(五项全能运动). Sitting in a chair, I 9 them over and over. I lay on the bed and imagined the experience of 10 at the trials. Some people thought I was crazy, but I wasn't ready to 11 yet. I trained as hard as I could without moving a muscle. I 12 this practice with all my heart.
By the time the trials actually began, I had been 13 enough to compete. 14 , as I walked across the field, I heard a voice on the loudspeaker announcing my name. I could hardly hold back my 15 as the announcer said, "Second place, 1980 Olympic Pentathlon: Marilyn King."
1. A. advertising B. training C. developing D. organizing
2. A. goal B. decision C. destination D. trip
3. A. exciting B. interesting C. awkward D. unexpected
4. A. track B. hospital C. college D. position
5. A. happy B. helpful C. sorry D. fearful
6. A. save B. encourage C. punish D. stop
7. A. terrible B. effective C. positive D. slow
8. A. because B. unless C. if D. once
9. A. explored B. checked C. enjoyed D. watched
10. A. failing B. competing C. performing D. falling
11. A. give up B. come out C. break down D. cut in
12. A. designed B. believed C. introduced D. admired
13. A. powerful B. old C. healthy D. heavy
14. A. Gradually B. Frequently C. Finally D. Unluckily
15. A. fear B. words C. regret D. tears
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Both Paul and I were huge fans of the NBA. My favourite player was LeBron James. Paul's favourite player was Tyrone Bogues ①________ was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the ②_______ (short) player ever in the NBA. Paul was only 1.6 metres tall too, and he used Bogues as his ③_______ (inspire), practising very hard. ④_______ Paul tried out many times just for making the team, our coach was not so sure. Paul was still usually ⑤_______ the bench, which was really tough on him.
Our team were playing our main ⑥_______ (competitor) this week. During the competition, a player and I crashed into each other and my knee hurt ⑦_______ (bad), which made me drop out of the game. The last quarter was about ⑧_______ (begin), and our team was behind by 10 points. With our team's suggestion, our coach permitted Paul to play. All the extra hours that Paul had spent ⑨_______ (practise) alone paid off. He made shot after shot. When the game ended, our team ⑩_______ (win) by 2 points.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华，请你给一位美国高中的笔友Mike写一封电子邮件，把你校最近一次运动会的情况告诉他，内容包括：
1.举行时间；
2.印象最深的比赛项目。
注意：
1.词数80左右，开头已为你写好；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
I hope everything goes well with you!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Have you ever been busy but felt unfulfilled (壮志未酬的) Yes, I have. My daily life centered around raising my youngest daughter, who I had just before my forty-fifth birthday. I was busy with endless housework, gardening chores, shopping and animal care. With a retired husband and a father who came to live with us in my family, I had tons of things to do. The weight of the world made my spirits low.
But then Janette walked into my life. Well, actually, she danced into my life. I met her at our community club, where she helped at a ballet class. When the eight of us got together for our first class, cries and complaints (抱怨) filled the small room.
"Oh! What happened to my toes " shouted Sally.
"I may need to buy dancing shoes for the next class," Alice held her legs together.
When Janette suggested after the class that I should join her dance group, I knew life surely planned this whole idea as a joke. She went on to explain that her group had three other ladies who were ill but felt happy because of songs and dances when recovering. Doubting what I had heard, I promised her I'd think about it.
I thought back to my younger years when I dreamed of becoming a famous singer and dancer. I had attended dance classes from Grade One throughout my high school. All I ever thought of was that I sang songs loudly around the house. I threw my head back and said, "Life, you really have a joke with me." But at the same time there was a voice in my heart that told me to go for it. It seemed that my boring routine life was about to become a lot more joyful.
Paragraph 1:
I joined the dance group. ______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The biggest blessings of all came from the audience. _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DBA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据Blursday中的"Our friends even created a newsletter called 'What Day Is It '"可知,blursday表示一个人不确定今天是什么日子。故选D。
2.考查推理判断。根据Remote learning中的"Or were they really remotely learning That was the question I found myself asking in the spring"可推断,Farah Miller对远程学习表示怀疑。故选B。
3.考查推理判断。根据Zoom中的"Then the home became the office for millions of Americans... and universities"可推断,Zoom最有可能是一个人们进行社交活动的在线平台。故选A。
B
答案：1-4.DCCA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"So she jumped at the opportunity to train for another race—the Parkway Marathon in California"可知,Wolfgram抓住机会为加利福尼亚的Parkway马拉松比赛做准备。故选D。
2.考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"I knew she was going to break it, but she really succeeded"可知,教练的语气是激动的,并且对于Wolgram打破纪录的行为感到十分震惊。故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"In 2018, when Wolfgram was 15 years old, she ran her first marathon just because she wanted to see if she had the ability to do it"可知,她第一次参加马拉松比赛就是想看看自己是否有能力做到。故选C。
4.考查推理判断。根据文章首句"Do you like running enough to make it a habit"以及全文围绕 Wolfgram的马拉松职业生涯展开介绍可知,本文的主题和体育运动相关,故这篇文章可能来自报纸的体育部分。故选A。
C
答案：1-4.DCAC
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第一段首句Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging.可知,体育运动不仅是对体力的挑战,而且也可以是对心理的挑战。后文讲述来自各方面的批评会给运动员造成压力,甚至可能导致一个人精疲力竭。所以第一段主要讲的是体育运动对心理的挑战。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place... throughout their lives.可知,体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生受用的人生经历。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段的前三句内容可知,体育运动不应成为孩子的负担,最重要的不是结果,而是参与的过程。如果过于在乎输赢会导致孩子们不能享受体育运动。因此父母和教练应该使孩子能够享受体育运动。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,第一段讲体育运动不只是对人体力的挑战,也是对人心理的挑战。第二段讲体育运动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生受用的经历,但家长和教练的反馈尤其是负面反馈对孩子影响很大。最后一段讲过程比结果更重要,鼓励比批评更能促进提升。因此,作者的写作目的是强调鼓励孩子的重要性。故选C。
D
答案：1-4.ACBB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Exercise makes your body strong, and helps you to keep the right body weight."可知,体育运动可以让青少年更健康,排除B;根据第三段中的"Ride a bike... All these will help to burn calories."可知,体育运动可以帮助燃烧卡路里,排除C:根据本文尾句"Some weight-training and other body-strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase the person's strength."可知,体育运动可以让青少年更有力量,排除D。文中并没有提到体育运动可以让青少年长高。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句"'Inactive' means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight."可知,不活跃的青少年超重不是很严重。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、二句"Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. 'These are really important in order to prevent injuries,' Dr. Lopez said."可知,为了避免受伤,你可以做一些拉伸和弯曲运动。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章第一段第一、二句"Teenagers' fitness is now a major concern, to which physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness."为全文的主题句。结合全文内容可知,作者针对青少年不同的健康问题给出了一些具体的运动方案,所以这篇文章最好的题目是"青少年的健康"。故选B。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ GFACE
解析：①过渡句。根据上文中"Some people think that running is hard. I once thought that way too."及下文中"Here's why it is such an easy activity to start and stick to."可知, 设空处表明作者现在不认为跑步是很难的运动, 即跑步是简单的运动。所以设空处与上文构成转折关系, 选项G"But if you work out properly, it is easy and wonderful."承上启下。故选G。
②细节句。根据上文中"Many people start running by going out and running as fast as they can for as long as they can. That is not so fun."可知, 接下来要说这样跑会有什么结果。选项F"It might make you hurt or even cause injuries."说明了后果。故选F。
③主题句。根据下文中"Classes at the gym are great but they always end up never working for me."及"On the other hand, with running, you just need to find the time whenever you can, here and there, and change it around."说明了跑步锻炼要根据自己的时间和地点来改变, 所以就要依照自己的时间表来安排跑步。故选A。
④细节句。根据上文中"The gear is simple."(装备很简单)可知, 接下来主要说明跑步的装备。选项C"It is important to have proper running shoes."中的running shoes与上文的gear呼应。故选C。
⑤细节句。根据上文中"And in fact, running around new cities when traveling is great fun."可知, 旅行的时候, 在陌生的城市里跑步很有趣。所以接下来说明具体的乐趣是什么。选项E"That is a wonderful way to get to know a place."符合文意。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BADAC; 6-10.DDBDB; 11-15.ABCCD
解析：1.根据常识可知,参加选拔赛前需要训练。advertise"做广告";train"训练";develop"发展";organize"组织"。故选B。
2.根据上文可知,作者想参加选拔赛,把这个当作了自己的目标。故选A。
3.根据下文内容可知,作者受伤了,这是一个意外情况。故选D。
4.根据上文可知,作者在训练,准备参加奥运会选拔赛,所以她受伤后不得不离开了跑道。故选A。track"跑道"。
5.当作者因为受伤不得不停止训练时,人们为她感到惋惜。feel sorry for"为……感到惋惜"。故选C。
6.根据第四段内容可知,作者在受伤后进行其他形式的训练,由此推断作者认为受伤不会阻挡自己。故选D。
7.根据上文可知,作者的进展缓慢,而此时距离比赛只剩几个月的时间了。故选D。
8.根据语境可知,作者认为自己必须做些什么,否则自己不会成功。unless"除非"。故选B。
9.根据语境可知,作者买了五项全能运动的世界纪录的保持者的影片并反复观看。故选D。
10.根据上下文可知,作者躺在床上,想象在选拔赛中和他人进行竞争,以这种方式训练。故选B。
11.根据语境可知,作者在受伤期间用观看影片并想象和他人进行竞争的方式训练。虽然人们认为她的行为是疯狂的,但是她不放弃,不认输。故选A。
12.根据前句内容可知,作者坚持进行的这种训练方法不需要动一块肌肉。可是她完全相信这种方法。故选B。
13.根据下文可知,到了选拔赛开始的时候作者的伤已经好了,可以参加比赛。故选C。
14.根据后文内容可知,作者听到了广播播报她的成绩,由此推断这是到了选拔赛的最后。故选C。
15.作者在知道自己的比赛成绩时几乎无法抑制自己的眼泪。故选D。
第二节
答案：who/that; shortest; inspiration; Although/Though/While; on; competitors; badly; to begin; practicing; had won
解析:Paul非常喜爱篮球运动,他刻苦训练,但因身材矮小得不到教练的信任。在一次比赛中,Paul获得了上场的机会,他凭借自己的实力帮助球队赢得了比赛。
①考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,指代先行词Tyrone Bogues,在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
②考查形容词的最高级。根据空后的"ever in the NBA"以及空前的the可知,空处应填提示词的最高级。故填shortest。
③考查词形转换。根据空前的as及his可知,空处应填提示词的名词形式。故填inspiration,意为"鼓舞人心的人"。故填inspiration。
④考查连词。根据上下文逻辑关系可知,空处引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though/While。
⑤考查介词。on the bench意为"在替补队员席上"。故填on。
⑥考查名词复数。competitor是可数名词,根据语境可知,此处应用其复数形式。故填competitors。
⑦考查词形转换。空处修饰前面的动词hurt,应用提示词的副词形式。故填badly。
⑧考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth.意为"即将/正要做某事"。故填to begin。
⑨考查非谓语动词。spend some time doing sth.意为"花费时间做某事"。故填practising。
⑩考查时态。根据语境可知,空处表示的动作发生在从句谓语动词ended表示的动作之前,应用过去完成时。故填had won。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Mike,
I hope everything goes well with you! I can't wait to tell you about the annual sports meeting held in our school last week. It included quite a number of sport events. Almost all events were interesting for me, of which the women's 3,000-metre race was the most impressive. An athlete slipped and fell down in the race but she swiftly rose to her feet and kept running. Her spirit of striving and never giving up inspired everyone present. Crowds of students and teachers surrounding the sports field cheered for her loudly.
How about the sports participation in your school I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
I joined the dance group. I began to find a new purpose in my life. The long-lost love of song and dance made itself back into my life and my life was no longer boring. I played music three times a week. The music raised my spirits and I enjoyed the friendship with Janette who had the same interest as me.
Paragraph 2:
The biggest blessings of all came from the audience. I was glad when I watched a woman in a wheelchair tap her toe to a song, and I loved hearing the laughter of a girl who hadn't spoken for days. Yes, we renewed the hearts of our audience, but to tell the truth, it was my heart that was renewed. I changed. And using my long-lost passion to make others joyful and getting new friendships allowed me to restart my wonderful life.