中考英语状语从句学案

英语状语从句
状语从句是中考词汇和句法部分考查的重点内容之一。在复习状语从句时,主要任务是弄清楚引导各种状语从句的连词的用法。现就主要考查点简述如下:
1.引导时间状语从句的连词
主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as等。
其中when while和as都可表示"当……时候",但用法有区别:
①when意为"在……时;当……时",可表示"点时间"或"段时间",从句谓语可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。例如: When I got home, he was having supper.
②as意为"边……边……"或"与……同时",重在表示两个动作同时发生。伴随进行。as从句是终止性动词时,主句通常也必须是终止性动词。例如:They sang as they danced.
③while只可表示"段时间",从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如:
While I was sleeping, my father came in.
注:从句谓语是持续性动词时,when、while和as可以互换 主 从句谓语都是终止性动词时,when与as可互换 从句谓语表示状态时,通常用while。
until (till) 直到，在用 until 表达时间状语的句子中，主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词，它要用肯定句，如：
I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night.
如果动词是瞬间截止性动词，则要用否定句，如：
He didn't go to bed until his mother came back
② 由?since， for， by， before 来引导的时间状语从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间，如： I have studied English since 1990.
而由 by 引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间，如：
I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term.
而before 则多用于完成时， ago 则多用于一般过去时，如：
He had finished his work before twelve yesterday.
I left my hometown two years ago
③ 在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，如： If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday.?
2.引导原因状语从句的连词
原因状语从句一般由because, since, as, for引导 注意as, because, since和for的区别:
① because， 应译为"因为"。它表达的因果关系最强，如：
He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard
② since 应译为"既然"，如：
Since you were ill yesterday, I left some notes on your desk.
③ as 应译为"由于"，如：
As it is too hot we'd better go swimming.
since 与 as 所表达的因果关系远比 because 弱得多。而 for 表达的因果关系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college
在比较状语从句中有同级比较 as … as， 如：
This book is as good as that one? 要注意的有两点：
① as … as 中间要用原级而不是比较级。
② 用形容词还是副词，如： Mary writes as carefully as Tom.
而其否定句为 not as (so) … as， 如： They didn't work so hard as we did,
而不同级比较用比较级加 than, 如： He is younger than I am
要注意的是表示"越来越"这一概念时有两个句型：
① 比较级＋and＋比较级，如： The days are getting longer and longer.
The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful.
② 定冠词 the ＋ 比较级＋ the ＋ 比较级，如：
The harder you study, the more you can learn
方式状语中要注意的是as (连词)与 like (介词)的区
as 作为连词其后接从句，如： Please do it as I did it
但后面的句子常作省略，如： Please do it as I.
而 like 是介词，其后要接的是宾语，如： Please do it like me.
结果和目的状语从句主要有 so … that， so that， in order that等几种用法。
① so … that 用在单数可数名词前，so ＋ 形容词 ＋ a ＋ 名词 ＋ that，如：
She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her.
或用 such ＋ a ＋ 形容词 ＋ 名词 ＋ that, 如：
She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her
② 在不可数名词或可数名词复数前只能用 such， 如：
It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic
③ 在much， many， few， little 之前只能用so， 如： I have so little money that I can't buy it④ so … that 之间只有形容词时，则不能用 such， 如： It is so good that I want to buy
⑤ so that 其后接从句，如： I got up earlier so that I could catch the first bus
1) so...that结构在某种情况下可以与enough to和too...to结构相互转换。例如:
She is so short that she can't reach the buttons of the lift. =She is too short to reach the buttons of the lift.
2)so that也可以引导结果状语从句,意为"结果是;以致于"。例如:
They missed the bus so that they were late for class.
注:so that也可引导目的状语从句,此时可用to或in order to替换,将其改为简单句。例如:
He got up early so that he could get to school on time. =He got up early to get to school on time. =In order to get to school on time,he got up early.
状语从句专项练习
1.I'll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.
A. if B. unless C. for D. since
3. We will work ____ we are needed.
A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever
4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.
A. so that B. if C. when D. although
5._____ you go, don't forget your people.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever
6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.
A. since B. for C. when D. as
7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.
A. because B. however C. when D. since
8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.
A. When B. Because C. Though D. As
9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.
A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of
10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.
A. as B. when C. since D. for
11. I learned ( http: / / dict. / q / learned" \o "a.有学问的，博学的 ) a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.
A. though B. although C. as if D. when
12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When
13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.
A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though
14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.
A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as
15. We didn't go home _____ we finished the work.
A. since B. until C. because D. though
16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.
A. even if B. as though C. because D. until
17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.
A. unless B. as C. if D. until
20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where
21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until B. unless C. when D. before
23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
24. I hurried ( http: / / dict. / q / hurried" \o "a.仓促的，慌忙的 ) _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where
26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram
A. when B. that C. though D. however
27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although B. even though C. so that D. since
28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking ( http: / / dict. / q / taking" \o "a.迷人的 n.捕获物 ) the night train.
A. that B. though C. unless D. if
29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though
30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much B. However C. As D. Although
II. 填入适当的引导词:
1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America.
2. He won't be here _____ he is invited.
3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy.
4. We found the key _____ she had left it.
5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away.
6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left.
7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman.
8. He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand.
9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test.
10. She sang ______ she went along.