Module 12 Save our world
Unit 3 Language in use
语构词法——派生法
有些英语单词是由词缀和词根构成的。在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法，是英语构词法中最活跃的一种。词缀分为前缀和后缀。派生法也是我们可以发挥能动性从而扩大词汇量的一种方法。大多数情况下，前缀往往改变词根的词义，而后缀更多的是改变词根的词性。
下面是我们学过的部分常用前缀和后缀：
1．前缀
(1)in ， im ， un ， il ， ir 用在形容词前，表示否定意义。如：inexpensive不昂贵的，impossible 不可能的，unable未能， unhealthy 不健康的， illegal非法的， irregular 不规则的
(2)re 用在动词前，表示“重新，再”。如：rebuild 重建， recycle再利用， rewrite 重写
(3)dis 表示意义相反，主要用在动词之前，有时也用于名词和形容词前。如：disappear 消失， dislike 不喜欢， disobey 不遵守， disbelieve不相信， disadvantage不利条件， dishonest 不诚实的
2．后缀
(1) ous(n.→adj.)表示“具有……性质的”。如： nervous 紧张的， famous出名的， dangerous危险的， mountainous 多山的， humorous 幽默的
(2) less (n.→adj.)表示“没有……的”。如： jobless 失业的，homeless 无家可归的，hopeless 无望的
(3) able (n./v.→adj.) 表示“可以……的；显示……性质的”。如： comfortable舒服的， valuable 有价值的， fashionable时尚的
(4) ful (n./v.→adj.) 表示“充满……的”。如：beautiful 美丽的， successful 成功的， wonderful 精彩的， hopeful有希望的
(5) ment(v.→adj.)表示“……的行为”。如development发展，agreement协议
(6) ly(adj.→adv./n.→adj.)表示“以……方式；具有……性质”。如：happily幸福地，friendly友好的
(7) tion(v.→n.)表示“……行为”。如：invitation邀请，competition竞赛
(8) ed(n./v.→adj.)表示“有……的”。如：interested感兴趣的，excited兴奋的
Ⅰ.用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
throw away, healthy, in this way, try one's best to, take part in, hope, be good for, use
1．New studies say that eating chocolate may ________________ your heart.
2．Please sort out(挑选出) what you want and ________________ the rest.
3．He still works very hard although he feels ________________ these days.
4．We should collect the waste paper because we can ________________ it.
5．His future doesn't seem very ________________ because he is too lazy.
6．Only ________________ can we win the game.
7．A good teacher always ________________ answer his students' questions.
8．She will go to Shanghai to ________________ an important discussion this weekend.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a kid, I used to ride my mountain bike everywhere. It was one of my favourite things to do. But as I __1__， I stopped riding my bike. Once I entered a university in Australia, I didn't even own a bike anymore. It can be very __2__ to ride a bike in cities in Australia. There are not many bike paths, and cars sometimes hit cyclists and __3__ kill them. Now that I'm living in Beijing, I'm having fun on the __4__ again. I ride my bike to the gym, to the shopping mall or to the park.
It can be __5__ with lots of cars, motorbikes and people around. I always look out for traffic __6__ I am turning or crossing the road. I never ride too fast. Riding bikes __7__ me feel comfortable and it is a fun way to explore the city!
I start to use Mobike, too. __8__ weekends, my friend and I sometimes ride Mobikes to the Olympic Park. Apps like Mobike make it easy and cheap for __9__ to ride.
If we all try to ride bikes often and drive less, there will be less __10__. So what are you waiting for Get on a bike and ride with me!
( )1.A.got up B．put up C．grew up D．set up
( )2.A.dangerous B．successful C．useful D．exciting
( )3.A.neither B．besides C．however D．even
( )4.A.bus B．bike C．car D．plane
( )5.A.smart B．cheap C．scary D．similar
( )6.A.because B．when C．though D．until
( )7.A.makes B．agrees C．happens D．catches
( )8.A.From B．With C．Under D．On
( )9.A.none B．everyone C．everything D．anything
( )10.A.service B．oil C．pollution D．advice
Ⅲ.用所给单词的适当形式完成短文
I can't remember when I started collecting litter. It was when I got tired of 1.________ (see) litter nearby that I realised that no one else 2.________(be) going to pick it up.
I live near a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there in three minutes! I used to love going there 3.________(play) with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided I had to clean up the forest, and I wanted to feel happy going there again. I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes later, my bag was 4.________ (fill) with litter! There were cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
From then on, I go to the forest four times a month 5.________ (pick) up litter. I'm often there for three hours. It makes me 6.________ (feel) great to do something for the environment. After each trip, I look at all the litter that I've found. If any of it is 7.________(recycle), I keep it. I can't understand why people drop litter. But I will keep 8.________ (pick) it up until people stop 9.________ (drop) it. I know I'm only doing a small bit 10.________(help) the earth, but I still think it's important.Module 12 Save our world
Unit 3 Language in use
语构词法——派生法
有些英语单词是由词缀和词根构成的。在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法，是英语构词法中最活跃的一种。词缀分为前缀和后缀。派生法也是我们可以发挥能动性从而扩大词汇量的一种方法。大多数情况下，前缀往往改变词根的词义，而后缀更多的是改变词根的词性。
下面是我们学过的部分常用前缀和后缀：
1．前缀
(1)in ， im ， un ， il ， ir 用在形容词前，表示否定意义。如：inexpensive不昂贵的，impossible 不可能的，unable未能， unhealthy 不健康的， illegal非法的， irregular 不规则的
(2)re 用在动词前，表示“重新，再”。如：rebuild 重建， recycle再利用， rewrite 重写
(3)dis 表示意义相反，主要用在动词之前，有时也用于名词和形容词前。如：disappear 消失， dislike 不喜欢， disobey 不遵守， disbelieve不相信， disadvantage不利条件， dishonest 不诚实的
2．后缀
(1) ous(n.→adj.)表示“具有……性质的”。如： nervous 紧张的， famous出名的， dangerous危险的， mountainous 多山的， humorous 幽默的
(2) less (n.→adj.)表示“没有……的”。如： jobless 失业的，homeless 无家可归的，hopeless 无望的
(3) able (n./v.→adj.) 表示“可以……的；显示……性质的”。如： comfortable舒服的， valuable 有价值的， fashionable时尚的
(4) ful (n./v.→adj.) 表示“充满……的”。如：beautiful 美丽的， successful 成功的， wonderful 精彩的， hopeful有希望的
(5) ment(v.→adj.)表示“……的行为”。如development发展，agreement协议
(6) ly(adj.→adv./n.→adj.)表示“以……方式；具有……性质”。如：happily幸福地，friendly友好的
(7) tion(v.→n.)表示“……行为”。如：invitation邀请，competition竞赛
(8) ed(n./v.→adj.)表示“有……的”。如：interested感兴趣的，excited兴奋的
Ⅰ.用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
throw away, healthy, in this way, try one's best to, take part in, hope, be good for, use
1．New studies say that eating chocolate may ________________ your heart.
2．Please sort out(挑选出) what you want and ________________ the rest.
3．He still works very hard although he feels ________________ these days.
4．We should collect the waste paper because we can ________________ it.
5．His future doesn't seem very ________________ because he is too lazy.
6．Only ________________ can we win the game.
7．A good teacher always ________________ answer his students' questions.
8．She will go to Shanghai to ________________ an important discussion this weekend.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a kid, I used to ride my mountain bike everywhere. It was one of my favourite things to do. But as I __1__， I stopped riding my bike. Once I entered a university in Australia, I didn't even own a bike anymore. It can be very __2__ to ride a bike in cities in Australia. There are not many bike paths, and cars sometimes hit cyclists and __3__ kill them. Now that I'm living in Beijing, I'm having fun on the __4__ again. I ride my bike to the gym, to the shopping mall or to the park.
It can be __5__ with lots of cars, motorbikes and people around. I always look out for traffic __6__ I am turning or crossing the road. I never ride too fast. Riding bikes __7__ me feel comfortable and it is a fun way to explore the city!
I start to use Mobike, too. __8__ weekends, my friend and I sometimes ride Mobikes to the Olympic Park. Apps like Mobike make it easy and cheap for __9__ to ride.
If we all try to ride bikes often and drive less, there will be less __10__. So what are you waiting for Get on a bike and ride with me!
( )1.A.got up B．put up C．grew up D．set up
( )2.A.dangerous B．successful C．useful D．exciting
( )3.A.neither B．besides C．however D．even
( )4.A.bus B．bike C．car D．plane
( )5.A.smart B．cheap C．scary D．similar
( )6.A.because B．when C．though D．until
( )7.A.makes B．agrees C．happens D．catches
( )8.A.From B．With C．Under D．On
( )9.A.none B．everyone C．everything D．anything
( )10.A.service B．oil C．pollution D．advice
Ⅲ.用所给单词的适当形式完成短文
I can't remember when I started collecting litter. It was when I got tired of 1.________ (see) litter nearby that I realised that no one else 2.________(be) going to pick it up.
I live near a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there in three minutes! I used to love going there 3.________(play) with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided I had to clean up the forest, and I wanted to feel happy going there again. I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes later, my bag was 4.________ (fill) with litter! There were cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
From then on, I go to the forest four times a month 5.________ (pick) up litter. I'm often there for three hours. It makes me 6.________ (feel) great to do something for the environment. After each trip, I look at all the litter that I've found. If any of it is 7.________(recycle), I keep it. I can't understand why people drop litter. But I will keep 8.________ (pick) it up until people stop 9.________ (drop) it. I know I'm only doing a small bit 10.________(help) the earth, but I still think it's important.
Ⅰ.1.be good for 2.throw away
3．unhealthy 4.reuse 5.hopeful
6．in this way 7.tries his best to
8．take part in
Ⅱ.【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者小时候喜欢骑山地车，长大后去澳大利亚上大学，就不再骑自行车了。等来到北京工作后，又爱上了骑自行车，并发现了骑行的乐趣。最后，作者呼吁大家都骑自行车出行，这样既便宜又方便，而且还能减少污染。
1．C get up意为“起床”； put up意为“举起；搭起”； grow up意为“长大”； set up意为“建立”。根据语境可知，此处讲的是当“我”“长大”后，“我”不再骑自行车了。故选C。
2．A 根据后面提到的“cars sometimes hit cyclists”可判断，在澳大利亚骑自行车非常“危险”，故选A。
3．D
4．B 根据关键词again以及后面的句子“I ride my bike to the gym, to the shopping mall or to the park.”可知，既然作者现在居住在北京，那么他可以再次享受到骑自行车的乐趣了。故选B。
5．C 根据后面提到的“I always look out for traffic”可判断，周围有很多小汽车、摩托车和行人，作者骑自行车时感到有点提心吊胆，故选C。
6．B because意为“因为”；when意为“当……时”；though意为“虽然，尽管”；until意为“直到”。根据语境可知，当“我”拐弯或者过马路时，“我”总是注意交通状况，故选B。
7．A make用作使役动词时，后面要接不带to的动词不定式，即make sb. do sth.，表示“使某人做某事”，故选A。
8．D on weekends意为“在周末”，是固定短语，故选D。
9．B 根据语境可知，像Mobike这样的应用软件使骑单车对“每个人”来说都既容易又便宜，故选B。
10．C 根据关键词“ride bikes often and drive less”可判断，如果我们经常骑自行车少开小汽车的话，就会有更少的“污染”，故选C。
Ⅲ.1.seeing 2.was 3.to play 4.filled 5．to pick 6.feel 7.recyclable
8．picking 9.dropping 10.to help
