仁爱版英语九年级上册 Unit2 Topic2 All these problems are very serious. 复习讲义（无答案）

第五讲---Unit 2 Topic 2 All these problems are very serious.
初中英语 年级 九年级
重难点 不定代词、不定副词的用法
【知识储备】 语法：不定代词(副词) 肯定句用some-（somebody，someone，something，somewhere） 否定句/疑问句用any-（anybody，anyone，anything，anywhere） 例：I saw someone in the room. 我看见房间里有人。 I couldn’t see anything in the blackboard. 我看不见黑板上的东西。 注意： a.something可用于表示请求许可等委婉语气的疑问句（希望得到肯定回答） 例：——Would you like something to drink？ ——No，thanks. b.anybody任何人/anything任何事情/anywhere任何地方，可用于陈述句肯定句中 例：Anyone is OK。任何人都可以。 2. 不定代词在句中可作主语、表语和宾语。 例：Everyone in our class likes sports. 我们班人人都爱运动。 I know nothing about China. 我对中国一无所知。 Money isn’t everything. 金钱不是一切。 3. 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例：Somebody is waiting for you at the gate of school. 有人在校门口等你。 Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。 4. 不定代词的定语要后置，即修饰形容词/副词时，不定代词要后置。 例：I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事要告诉你。 The government is doing something useful to protect the environment. 政府正在做一些有用的事来保护环境。 不定代词（副词）的考点例析 例1：—Mum, I’m hungry. Is there _______ to eat —Yes, you can have some bread on the table. A. something B. nothing C. anything 例2： —Your tea smells great!—It’s from India. Would you like ______ A. it B. this C. some D. little 例3：My host family tried to cook _____ for me when I studied in New Zealand. A. different something B. different anything C. something different D. anything different 例4：—Who helped Betty tidy up the bedroom just now —_________. She cleaned it all by herself. A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody 语法练习题： （A）单项选择题 1. At present, children mean _______ to most parents in China. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something 2. —Does _________ know the answer to the question —Me. A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody 3. 一Who helped you clean the classroom yesterday —________. I did it all by myself. A. Someone B. Anyone C. Nobody D. Everybody 4. You have just read the newspaper. Did you find _______ in it A. interesting anything B. anything interesting C. interesting something. 5. It is polite to take a gift when you visit _______ for the first time. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 6. Listen! ________ is ringing at the door. A. Anyone B. Everyone C. Someone D. No one 7. There is ____ wrong with your watch. Look! It works well. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything 8. —Peter, we are good friends. We can help ____. —Yes, you’re right. A. other B. each C. each other D. every other （B）适当不定代词/副词填空填空 Do you have _______ questions？ Maybe _______ put my dictionary _______ ． I can't find it _______ ． I'm so thirsty． Shall we get _______ to drink？ I don't think _______ knows her new address． There's _______ in the new cup． It's empty now． _______ is too difficult if you put your heart into it． I think you can find him _______ in the school． _______ can run faster than he. He's the winner． Could you tell _______ different between the two pictures ？ Please help yourself to _______ soup． Section A 1、 As a result, a lot of rich land has changed into desert. 译：结果，大量的土地变成了荒漠。 change into ：变成 a lot of = lots of 后接可数/ 不可数名词m] 2、 Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. 译：树木也能防止水土流失。 stop sb. / sth. (from) doing sth. = prevent sb. /sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事， from 可以省略。blow away : 吹走 3、 And a lot of water can be saved by forests. 译：森林可以贮存大量的水分。 save :在这是贮存，保留，保存的意思。can be saved:是含有情态动词的被动语态。 4、 Although we have built “The Green Great Wall ”, we still need to do something to protect the environment . 译：尽管我们已经建立起了“绿色长城”，但我们仍需要采取措施保护环境。 although 和though 一般用来引导让步状语从句，不能与but 和however 连用。 Section B 1、 None of us likes pollution. 译:没有人喜欢污染。 none --- 没有一个，没有一点儿 (不定代词)指三者或三者以上。 ①none 既可指人，也可指物；no one = nobody只能指人，不能指物。 ②none 后常接of所有格 构成 none of …短语, 后接： a. 不可数名词（谓语用单数） b.复数名词，代词，单数集合名词(谓语用单复数均可)如： None of the drink is good for you. 这些饮料对你都不好。 None of my friends like(s) swimming. 我没有一个好朋友喜欢游泳。 ③no one = nobody后不接of 短语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数，可以与else连用，none不可以。 注意：no one 用来回答who 提出的问句，none 用来回答how many 或how much 提出的问句。 2、 We shouldn’t leave rubbish here and there. 译：我们不应该到处扔垃圾。 here and there :到处 同义词是：___________ 3、Everyone should care for wild animals and plant more trees. 译：每一个人都应该保护野生动物并且多种一些树。源:] everyone和 every one 的区别 a. everyone = everybody---不定代词,意为：大家，人人，每人，只指人，不指物。作主语时谓语用单数。（后不能接of短语，反意疑问句中用they替换） b. every one中的every 是形容词，修饰one, 作定语，意为每一个, 可以指人相当于everyone，也可以指物, 作主语时谓语用单数。(后可跟接of 短语表示范围，意为“其中之一”） 如： Everyone loves her . 人人都喜欢她。 Every one of you must go to school. 你们每个人都必须上学。 点拨：care for… --- 照顾、关心… 同义词组 _____________ /____________ 4、 We should do everything we can to protect the environment. 译：我们应该尽一切努力来保护环境。 everything 是不定代词， 意为“每件事物，一切”，不特指哪一个事物。 Everything 作主语时，谓语用单数。如： Everything goes well. 一切顺利。 5、 Nobody likes to be untidy. 译：没有人喜欢不整洁 nobody 相当于none of … 没有人 （不定代词） 6、Worst of all , some of them are quite rude… 译：最糟糕的是，他们中有些人非常无礼 worst of all ：最糟的是， 用来引出最坏的事情。 7、…, but if everybody does his or her best to follow the rules, … 译：但是如果没有人尽他们最大的努力去遵守规则 Everybody = everyone 人人，每个人 （不定代词） Section C 1、Some things we’ve done are very good for the earth while some are bad . 译:我们所做的一些事情对地球有益，然而还有一些有害。 ①Some things we’ve done --- 我们已经做过的事情,在句子中作主语 the films they’ve seen---_______________ ②while 并列连词，“而，却”，表示对照关系。如： Her sister likes reading _____she likes singing .她姐姐喜欢看书而她喜欢唱歌。 while--- 一会儿，一段时间 --- 名词 常用短语：for a while --- 一会儿 2、When it rains or when the wind blows, the earth is taken away. 译：当刮风下雨时，土就被刮走或冲走。 take away： _____________ 与take 有关的短语： take off _________________ take sb. for a walk______________ take a bus/ ship / train __________________ take turns _____________ take care of ______________ take a look ______________ take a rest _____________ take a seat _________ take …to…__________[] take 还常用于下列句型：It takes sb. time / money to do sth .花费某人时间或金钱做某事。 3、.As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead . 译：结果，现在许多河流和湖泊都失去了生机。 be dead: _________表示一种状态，指“无生气的，死气沉沉的的”. die动词 它的现在分词是_______ 它的名词是_________ 它的形词是________ Section D 1)How can we avoid a serious water shortage 译：我们应该怎样避免缺水问题呢？ avoid v. 防止，避免。 后接名词或动名词。即：avoid sth. /doing sth. 避免某事/去做某事。 如：1)Try to avoid speaking loudly in the classroom. 尽量避免在教室大声喧哗。 2)But people’s need for water is increasing day by day . 译：__________________________________________________________ day by day 日复一日， 一天天。 如： The temperature is rising day by day . 气温正一天天上升。 3、 While nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water. 译：虽然地球几乎有3/4被水覆盖，然而我们仍然缺乏饮用水。 be cover with 被……覆盖 be short of ……短缺，缺乏 如： The ground is covered with snow. 地面上覆盖着积雪。 I’m short of money this week. Can you lend me some. 我这个星期手头紧。你能借我一些吗？ be short for 是……的缩写
【当堂小测】 一、根据中文提示写出英语。 1、If we want to use the sea water, we must ______ ___(拿走） the salt from the sea water. 2. How can we _________(避免) a serious water shortage 3. We should __________(找到) ways to reuse water. 4. People’s need for water is increasing ____________(一天天). 5. Although the world is hungry, it is even ______(更渴的) 6. While ___________(几乎，差不多) of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water. 二、根据句意用适当的不定代词或副词填空。 1). As we know, _______ of us likes pollution. 2).Don’t spit _______ in public. 3).________ should care for wild animals and plant more trees. 4).We should do _______ we can to protect the environment. 5) A small fish __________ __________(变成) a beautiful girl in that story. 6)__________( 尽管) everyone played well, we __________( 仍然)lost the game. 7) We must _________ people ___________( 阻止) cutting trees. 8) ________ ________ ________ _________( 大量的) birds are looking for food beside the river. 9) The strong wind __________ ___________( 吹走) my clothes on the rope yesterday. 三、单选题。 ( ) 1. —Which would you like to drink, tea or coffee —________, thanks. I’m not thirsty. A. Either B. Neither C. Little D. Few ( ) 2. The students are doing some cleaning. Some are sweeping the floor, ________ are cleaning the desks and chairs. A. other B. the other C. another D. others ( ) 3. My parents are ________ doctors. A. both B. all C. either D. neither ( ) 4. There is ________ with my computer. I can’t work on. A. wrong anything B. anything wrong C. wrong something D. something wrong ( ) 5. The wind was blowing strongly. ________ people walked in the street. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few ( ) 6. Hurry up. There is ________ time left. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few ( ) 7. How did they __________ it A. do with B. deal with C. did with ( )8. --- What a bad sandstorm ! It will blow the _____into our eyes. --- Yes . We’d better wear a pair of glasses. air B.sand C. water D fire ( )9. Stopping smoking can _________the risk of heart diseases. A. reduce B. cause C. protect D. create ( )10.The number of workers in that factory _________over 200. A small number of them _________ women workers . A.is , is B. are , are C. is , are D. are , is ( )11. It was so dark outside. I couldn’t see ___________. A.something B. everything C. anything D. nothing ( )12. Eating too much is ______ to your health. A. useful B. helpful C. harmful D. wonderful ( ) 13. Parents should prevent the children ____ taking medicine by themselves A. about B. with C. from D. of ( ) 14. _______ we were quite tired, _______ we still went on working. A. Although ; / B. Because ; / C. Because ; so D. Although ; but ( ) 15. The farmer _____ a lot of trees and built a new house. A. cut down B. cut off C. turned down D. turned off ( )16. My hometown has changed _______ a new one in the last three years. A. in B. to C. with D. into[] ( )17.---How many students are there in the classroom --- ___________[] A.No one B. Nobody C. Nothing D.None ( )18. I asked three people the way to the station , but _____of them could help me . A.nobody B. none C. everybody D. anybody [] 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，用正确的形式填空。 Who has ___________ my pen It was here just now. There’s a ____________in my sock. It’s broken. The weather report says the temperature will _________ tomorrow. You know who I _____________just now. Can you use these letter to _________a word
【课后作业】 代词练习。 ( )1)The government has done ______ for the protection of environment. A. useful something B. useful anything C .something useful D.anything useful ( )2) ---You look so happy. ---They say I’m beautiful._____has told me like that. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody ( )3)---Hi, Bob! I can’t find my history book. Have you seen it _____ ----Sorry, I haven’t. Why don’t you ask Jim Perhaps he has seen it. . somewhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. anywhere ( )4)Nothing ______ difficult if you work hard. A. am B. is C. are D. be ( )5) Of all the students , Joe’s homework is the ____.Her teacher is very angry. A.bad B. best C. worse D. worst ( ) 6). I have ______________ to tell you. A. important something B. something important C. anything important ( ) 7). Everybody __________ ready for the match. A. is B. are C. were ( ) 8).---Would you like to have ___________ ---No thank you. I’ve had enough. A. anything more B. something more C. more something ( ) 9).---Is ___________ ready for the trip ---No we haven’t got a camera. A. anything B. everything C. something ( ) 10).__________ everybody likes watching TV in my family. My parents like doing outdoor activities. A. No B. Not C. None ( ) 11). _________ the girls has been to college. A. Two of B. All of C. None of D. No one of ( ) 12). ——How many birds are there in the tree ——_______. A. A little B. No one C. None D. Nobody 1. 根据汉语提示完成句子. 1). We should try our best to ________________________(保护环境) 2). Our government has done something to ________ the environment ________ (防止) being polluted. 3). He seldom exercises _________________ (结果), he is not in a good health. 4). The more trees we _____________(砍倒), the more punishments we will get. 5). Thousands of years has passed and many kinds of animals and plants ______________ (灭绝) as well. 6). I think ___________________(空气污染) is the most serious problem in the world. 7). Bob is ____________________(有….危险) losing his job. 8). _______ you ______ (或者….或者) I am wrong. 2. 完成句子 1).做早操对我们的健康有益。 Doing morning exercises ___________________our health. 2).康康擅长游泳。 Kangkang ________________________swimming. 3).你做运动越多你就越健康。 The more exercise you take,_________________ you will. 4).数以百万计的人已经看过这部电影。 __________________people__________________the film. 5).由于温室效应气候变得越来越温暖。 Because of the ______________________the climate is __________________________. 6).你将去北京公干两个星期。 You will be on business to Beijing ____________________. 3. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. _______ down trees harms the living conditions of human beings. A. Cut B. Cuts C. Cutting D. To cut ( ) 2. A terrible earthquake(地震) happened in Wenchuan caused many people ______ their lives and homes. A. lose B. losing C. to lose D. lost ( ) 3. _______ your hand if you know the answer. A. Rise B. Give C. Raise D. Put ( ) 4. There are _____ students on the ground, and five _____ girls are in them. A. hundred; hundreds of B. hundreds of; hundred C. hundred; hundred D. hundreds of; hundreds ( ) 5. As many factories have polluted the river, you can find _____ fish on the water here and there. A. die B. death C. dead