仁爱版英语九年级上册 Unit3 Topic1 English is widely spoken around the world. 复习讲义（无答案）

第七讲---Unit 3 Topic 1 English is widely spoken throughout the world.
初中英语 年级 九
重难点 被动语态
【知识储备】 语法：被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成+（by+ 动作的执行者）。be有人称，数和时态的变化，其肯定式，否定式和疑问式的变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。如： English is widely used around the world English is not widely used around the world. Is English widely used around the world Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 被动语态的构成为“be + 过去分词”。在不同的时态中，过去分词保持不变，而be动词随着时态有不同的变化，如：am/ is/ are（一般现在时）；was/ were （一般过去时）；have/ has been( 现在完成时)；am/ is/are being （现在进行时）等。若含有情态动词，则用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。 The flowers are being watered by them. 他们正在浇花。 The plan has been found by me. 钢笔已经被我找到了。 Homework must be finished first. 必须要先完成作业。 （注意：不及物动词和系动词没有被动语态。make/see/hear sb. do被动要改为be made/seen/heard to do） 被动语态的考点例析 例1. Today Chinese _____by more and more people around the world. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. Speak 例2. The village is building a school. I hope it _____ before August this year. A. finishes B. will finish C. is finished D. will be finished 例3.-What happened to Billy？ -He ___________ because of his drunk-driving． A．is caught B．was caught C．has caught 例4：Now all Chinese couples______to have two children． A．allow B．allowed C．are allowed D．were allowed 语法练习题 (A)将下面的主动语态变为被动语态 Many people speak English around the world. --- English ______ ________ ______ many people around the world. Chinese built the Great Wall in the old days. --- The Great Wall _______ _______ ________ Chinese in the old days. They are planting trees now. --- Trees _______ ________ ________ ________ them now. They were planting trees this time yesterday. --- Trees ________ ________ ________ _____ them this time yesterday. We will plant more trees next year. --- More trees ________ ________ ________ next year. He has just finished his homework. --- His homework ______ just ______ __________. (B)选择填空： 1.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible 一Yes．In fact，it ____.That's all because of the people and the factories around． A．polluted B was polluted C has polluted D.was po11ute 2.Twelve-year-old teenagers should not ______ to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed 3.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 4.Usually computers _________to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used 5. _____ a new library _____ in our school last year A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did; build 6.The 0lympic Games ___________every four years. A are held B were held C．are holding D．will ho1d 7.The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday. A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took 8.Waste paper shouldn’t _________ everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean. A. be thrown B. throw C. is thrown D. are thrown 9.---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party ---No, I___________. A.am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite 10.----Do you often clean your classroom ----Yes. Our classroom __________every day. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D.was cleaned 二·词组 Section A stick sth on sp. 把……贴在 be ready for sth 为某事准备好了 can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 have a good chance to do sth 有一个好的机会去做某事 throughout / all over the world 全世界 from now on 从现在开始 millions of 数以百万计的 be pleased with 对……感到满意 Section B △pack one’s bags 打包行李 on business 出差 △the night table 床头柜 the official language 官方语言 be similar to / be the same as / be different from 和……相似 和……一样 和……不一样 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 ask sb for help 向某人求助 explain (sth) to sb 向某人解释某事 get along with sb 与某人相处 be in trouble 处于麻烦中 divide into… 把……分成 Section C △the largest number of people 最多数量的人 mother tongue 母语 △the base language 基础语言 △international business 国际商业 △the world’s airlines 国际航空 △in many different fields of life 在生活的很多不同领域 go abroad 出国 play an important part in our lives 在我们生活中扮演重要角色 a powerful country 一个强大的国家 Section D take the leading position in 在某方面处于领先地位 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 be popular with sb. 受某人的欢迎 make great progress in doing sth 在某事上取得巨大的进步 require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 in the rest of 在……的剩余部分 regard…as… 把……当做…… Section A Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. 迪士尼乐园受到全世界千千万万的人的喜爱。 这句话使用的是被动语态，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即Disneyland 是enjoy的承受者。 一般现在时被动语态的谓语由“am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如： English is spoken by many people.很多人都说英语。 History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。 注意：完整的被动语态句式结构为： 动作的承受者+be+动词过去分词 +by+动作执行者。 2.I can't wait to fly there! 我迫不及待地想飞到那里了！ can't wait to do sth. 我迫不及待地想做某事。如： I can't wait to see him. 我迫不及待地想见到他。 链接：①wait for 等候，等待。如： He was attracked while he was waiting for a bus.他在等公共汽车时遭到了袭击。 There's a package waiting for you in the office.办公室有你一个包裹。 ②wait for sb.to do sth.期待某人做某事。如： There's no point waiting for her to change her mind.等她改变主意毫无意义。 ③keep sb. waiting 使某人等着。如： We were kept waiting outside his office for over an hour.我们在他的办公室外面等了一个多小时。 ④wait a minute/second别急，等一会。 3.It is also widely used throughout the world now.现在它也在全世界被广泛地使用。 (1)widely adv.意为“广泛地 ”，在句中作状语。如： This kind of textbook is widely used in our school.这种课本在我们学校被广泛使用。 (2) throughout the world “全世界”，相当于 all over/around the world 。 Throughout prep.各处，遍及 链接：Throughout prep.贯穿整个时期，自始至终。如 The museum is open daily throughout the year.这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。 4.Try your best and work much harder from now on.尽你最大努力，并且从今以后你要更刻苦地去学习。 from now on 表示“从今以后，从现在开始”，用于将来时。如： I hope they'll be friends from now on.我希望从现在起他们成为朋友。 链接： From …on 从 … …时起 from then on 从那时起 from today on 从今天起 from that day on从那天起 5.At last,he was pleased with one of his pictures of the mouse.最后，他对其中一幅老鼠的图画感到满意。 be pleased with 对… …高兴，满意。如： She is pleased with her new car.她对新车很满意。 拓展：① be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事。如： I 'm pleased to see the changes of my hometown.我很高兴看到家乡的变化。 ②be pleased that +从句。如： Jack was pleased that his parents would come to see him.杰克的父母要来看望他，他很高兴。 Section B Is Spanish similar to English 西班牙语和英语相似吗？ ①be similar to… 和……相似 Maria s bike is similar to Jane’s. 玛利亚的自行车与简的差不多。 ②be the same as… 和……一样； This book is the same as that one. 这本书和那本书一样。 Is it possible for you have trouble communicating 你与人交流可能会遇到一些麻烦吗？ ①. It's possible that... 有可能... It's possible that he will buy a new car.他可能会买一辆新车。 ②. It's possible (for sb. ) to do sth. (对某人来说）做某事是可能的； It s possible for us to solve the problem. 我们可能会解决这个问题。 拓展： ① have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/有困难； I have trouble in reading the passage. 我读这篇文章有麻烦。 ② have no trouble in doing sth. 做某事没有麻烦； He has no trouble finishing his homework.他毫不费力就完成作业了。 ③ be in trouble 处于不幸、困恼、困境之中； look for trouble 自寻烦恼； get out of trouble 摆脱 / 走出 困境； If necessary, I'll ask an interpreter for help.如果有必要，我将向翻译求助。 ①if necessary 如果有必要； If necessary, you can keep a diary after class to improve your English. 如果有必要，你可以在课后写日记来提高你的英语。 ②if so 如果这样； If so, I believe you will make great progress in the future. 如果这样，我相信将来你一定会取得很大的进步。 ③ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人求助，求助于某人； You can ask me for help at any time if you like. 你随时向我求助，我很乐意帮助你。 4. I wish you success!祝你成功！ ① wish v. 接双宾语表示祝愿； I wish you good luck. 我祝你好运。 ② wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人）做某事； I wish my parents to go with me . 我希望我的父母和我一起去。 ③ wish 接从句表示“ 愿望”，从句用虚拟语气。 I wish you were here. 我希望你在这里。 The baby is laid in the bed by the woman. 那个女人把宝宝放在婴儿床里。 lay v.(尤其指轻轻地或小心地）放置，安放，过去式和过去分词laid； He laid a hand on my arm. 他把手搭在我的胳膊上。 B. lie v. 撒谎， 现在分词 lying， 过去式和过去分词 lied； He always lied to me. 他经常对我说谎。 C. lie v .躺，(东西)平放，位于；过去式lay，过去分词lain； He felt tired, so he went and lay down for a rest. 他感到疲劳，所以去躺下休息了。 Section C 1.Of all these language, English is the most widely used. 在所有这些语言中，英语的使用最广泛（英语被最广泛使用）。 the most widely是副词最高级，可放在过去分词前，也可放在句尾。如： Productivity is the most rapidly increased.生产力得到最快速提升。 2.Recent surveys show that more than 500 million people speak English as their mother tongue. 最近的研究表明，5亿多人的母语为英语。 1)show v.“表明，说明，告知”。其主要用法如下： Show sb.the way to……告诉某人去……的路；show sb. +疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式； show +从句。如： Could you show me the way to the station 你能告诉我去车站的路吗？ I shall show you how to start the machine.我要给你示范一下怎样开启这台机器。 He wanted to show that he didn't mind.他想要表明他并不介意。 Please show me where your leg hurts.请告诉我你的腿哪儿疼。 链接：show v. “出示，给……看”。可跟双宾语，结构为show sb. sth./show sth. to sb. 如： She showed me her new book.=She showed her new book to me.她把她的新书给我看。 Show 展出，展览。“在展出”要说be on show 如: I have been to a flower show.我看过花展。 Her pictures are on show in Nanjing.她的画在南京展出。 2)tongue n.舌头。如： It's very rude to stick your tongue out at people.向别人吐舌头是非常不礼貌的。 tongue用作名词时还有“语言”之意。如：mother tongue“母语”，也可以说成 native tongue 。如： I tried speaking to her native tongue. 我试着用她的母语和她说话。 3.It is clear that the English language is becoming more important.显然，英语正变得越发重要。 It is clear that +从句，意为“显而易见……，显然……”。如： It is clear that she did so on purpose.显然她是故意那么做的。 Section D 1.Then,since the 1950s,the USA has become more and more powerful.The American computer and Internet industry have taken the leading position in the world.然后，从二十世纪五十年代起，美国变得越来越强大。美国的计算机和因特网产业已经在世界上占据领先地位。 1)powerful adj.power,weak. It's said that the man is powerful. 2)take the leading position China will take the leading position in the world's economy one day. 2.Now,students are required to learn English,and the study of English is regarded as a very important industry in China as well as in the rest of the world.如今，要求学生学英语，而且无论在中国还是在世界上其他国家，学习英语都被认为是一个非常重要的产业。 1) be required to do sth.被要求做某事。 We are required to wear helmets while riding.骑车时我们需要带头盔。 2) be required as 被当作，被看成。如： I was required as their own child.他们视我为亲生孩子。 3)rest n.剩余部分，其余。如： Take what you want and throw the rest away.把你想要的拿走，其余都丢掉。
典例精析 ( )1.—What a nice classroom! —It _____ every day. A.is cleaning B.has cleaned C.must clean D.is cleaned ( )2.It is _____ that every student must go to school on time. A.cleared B.clear C.clearly D.to clear ( )3.China takes the leading position _____ space industry. A.in B.at C.of D.up ( )4.Teachers should _____ their students to practice _____ English as much as possible. A.encourage, speaking B.let, speak C.make, speak D.keep,speaking ( )5.Maria has _____ trouble _____ math, so she often asks her math teacher for help. A.much, understanding B.no, with C.many, understanding D.not, to understand ( )6.If you have a chance _____ in a university, you shouldn’t give it up. A.study B.studying C.to study D.studied ( )7._____ of the students in our class _____ girls. A.Three fives, is B.Three fifths, is C.Three fifth, are D.Three fifths, are ( )8.I bought a T-shirt yesterday. It was similar_____yours. A.for B.to C.of D.from ( )9.—What is a writing brush used for —It’s used _____ writing and drawing. A.as B.to C.for D.by ( )10._____, I must try my best to study English. A.On purpose B.From now on C.After all D.As soon as Ⅱ.完形填空。(10分) 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。 More than 3,000 languages are spoken on the earth today. Many of these languages are spoken 16 small groups of people. On the 17 hand, over 200 languages are spoken by one million or more people. Chinese is the language spoken by the 18 number of people in the world. But English is most 19 spoken in the world. English is spoken by more than 400 million people 20 their first language. It is 21 by most people in the U.S.A., Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. And it is 22 used very widely in many other countries of the world. Look at the back of your watch. You may see the English words “Made 23 China, or Japan, even Germany.”English is the first language in 24 of these countries. Why are English words 25 on it That is because in the modern world English is widely used for business between different countries. ( )16.A.as B.by C.for D.with ( )17.A.other B.others C.another D.the second ( )18.A.biggest B.bigger C.largest D.larger ( )19.A.wide B.wider C.widest D.widely ( )20.A.of B.in C.by D.as ( )21.A.spoke B.spoken C.speak D.speaking ( )22.A.either B.as well C.also D.too ( )23.A.at B.of C.with D.in ( )24.A.no one B.none C.nothing D.no ( )25.A.written B.wrote C.write D.writing
【当堂小测】 一．基础训练： I根据汉语提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 我迫不及待地想见到我的父母。 I ______ ______ ______ ______ my parents. 2. 你将有一个很好的机会去练习游泳。 You'll ______ ______ ______ ______ to ______ ______. 3. 从今以后你应该更加努力学习英语。 ______ ______ ______ you should work ______ ______ at English. 4. 要力争两天内完成这项工作。 ______ ______ ______ to finish the work in two days. 5. 各种运动我一般都喜欢，尤其是足球。 I like all kinds of games ______ ______, and especially football. 6. 我毫不费力就算出了这道题。 I ______ ______ ______ ______ out this problem. 7. 每次我见到他，他都问我好多问题。 ______ ______ ______ him, he asks me lots of questions. 8. 不管发生什么事,头等重要的是保持冷静。 ______ ______, the first important thing is to keep calm. 9. 那里有很多人。 There ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ people there. 10. 这个班级的女孩人数是二十三。 _____ ______ ______ ______ in this class ______ twenty-three. II按要求进行句型转换。每空填写一词。 1. People plant many young trees on both sides of the street each year. (改为被动语态) Many young trees ______ ______ on both sides of the street each year. 2. Many students enjoy cartoon films in our school. (改为被动语态) Cartoon films ______ ______ ______ many students in our school. 3. Rice is grown in the south by them. (改为主动语态) They ______ ______ in the south. 4. More and more foreigners speak Chinese now. (改为被动语态) Chinese ______ ______ by more and more foreigners now. 5. The shop lost many new computers last night. (改为被动语态) Many new computers ______ ______ ______ the shop last night. I选择题 1. —How much will you be paid —I don’t do it for money, ______, it’s voluntary (志愿的) work. A. however B. besides C. finally D. possibly 2. —A number of students ______ in the dinning hall. —Let me count. The number of the students ______ about 200. A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are D. is; is 3. China is a large country ______ many different and interesting ways ______ do things. A. with; to B. with; of C. of; with D. in; of 4. Beijing opera is ______ many foreigners. A. enjoy by B. enjoyed by C. enjoying by D. enjoyed 5. English is spoken ______ a second language by many people. A. as B. for C. in D. by II用方框中所给短语填空，使句子完整、通顺。 1. ______ 3,000 languages are spoken in the world. 2. ______ people in the world send and receive e-mails every day. 3. Englishmen speak English as their ______. 4. ______ we are clever, we must work hard. 5. ______ the students in our school is 5,000.
【课后作业】 (A) Nobody knows how many different languages there are in the world. The most widely used language is English. It’s used by business people, airline pilots all over the world. It’s also the first language of sports and science. So it’s very important for us to learn English. English is most widely spoken in the world, while Chinese has the largest number of speakers. There are not only over one billion people living in China, but also many Chinese people living outside China. You can find large or small groups of Chinese people living in almost every country in the world. There are some other important languages in the world, too. Chinese is of course very important, especially in Asia. Arbic is widely spoken in many parts of Asia and Africa. Russian is spoken both in Europe and Asia. French is widely understand, not only in Europe, but also in parts of Canada, Africa and Asia, Spanish has a growing number of speakers all over the world, especially in Central and South Africa. What language do people speak in the United Nations There are so many different languages in the world, but they decide to use only six of them. There are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. Everything spoken or written in one language is translated into the other five. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 ( )26.What’s the first language of sports and science？ A.Chinese. B.English. C.Russian. D.French. ( )27.The underlined word in the passage shows _____. A.English is spoken by the most people B.Chinese is spoken by the most people C.English is spoken in most parts of the world D.Chinese is spoken in very parts of the world ( )28.According to the passage, _____has the least speakers in Asia. A.Russian B.Spanish C.French D.Arabic ( )29.How many languages are used in the United Nations A.Four. B.Five. C.Six. D.Seven. ( )30.The best title for this passage is _____. A.Different countries, different languages B.The importance of English C.The number of languages in the world D.Languages used in the United Nations (B) Students in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teenagers . Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by learning the language over the radio, on TV, or in film. One must work hard to learn another language. Why do all these people want to learn English It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required for study. They study their own language and maths and English. Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Many people learn English for their work. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English. ( )31.People learn English ______. A.at school B.over the radio C.on TV D.not all in the same way ( )32.Different kinds of people want to learn English ______. A.together with other subjects B.for different reasons C.for their work D.for higher studies at colleges ( )33.From this passage we know that ______. A.we can learn English easily B.English is very difficult to learn C.English is learned by most people in the world D.English is a useful language but one must work hard to learn ( )34.Which of the following is right ______. A.We don’t need to learn any foreign languages B.We can do well in all our work without English C.English is the most important subject in schools D.We should learn English because we need to face the world ( )35.Why do many boys and girls study English A.Because at college or university some of their books are in English. B.Because it is useful for their work. C.Because it is one of their subjects required for study at school. D.Because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English. (C) English is spoken as a first language by most people in the USA, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada. However, 36 . It is the main language in over 60 countries, including India, Singapore and many of the Caribbean and Pacific islands. In these places English is spoken as a second language. 37 , like China and Japan. People in these countries use it for business, and travelers to these countries use English when they get there to communicate. Other people may learn English because they enjoy reading books in English, listening to British or American music or watching American films. 38 . It is no longer right to talk about British English or American English if the speakers come or don’t come from those countries. People in Japan and Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans. English will probably be the most widely used language in the world by the end of the 21st century. This language no longer belongs to British, American or Australian speakers. 39 . So, as a middle school student of English today, think about how you can use this language. 40 . 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整，并将其标号写在下面的横线上。 A. After you leave school, you will almost certainly need it B. English is spoken all over the world C. It belongs to anyone in the world D. English is also an international language in many other countries E. English has changed a lot over the years and still goes on changing 36._____ 37._____ 38._____ 39._____ 40._____ 第三部分 语言知识运用 (25分) Ⅰ.词汇。(10分) (A)根据句意及汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。 1.I think it’s very important ______ ______ ______ (与……交流) foreigners at the moment. 2.English is spoken ______ ______ ______ ______(作为第二语言) in some countries. 3.The cake was ______ ______ (把……分成……) three pieces by her. 4. Is Japanese______ ______ (与……相似)English 5.She was ______ ______ (满意) her exam results. (B)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。 6.First, I will e______ the rules of the game. 7.Chinese students learn English as a f______ language. 8.Germany is an E______country. 9.Every year, there are many foreign t______ coming to China. 10.How can he make polite c______ with someone he dislikes Ⅱ.综合填空。(5分) 根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 rapid, understand, hold, language, begin, need, wide
English is the most 11 used language in the world. It’s used as the mother tongue by most people in many countries. It’s also one of the working 12 in the U.N.. China is developing 13 and Beijing hosted 2008 Olympic Games. If we want to communicate with foreigners and prevent them from having trouble 14 , more and more people who can speak English well are 15 . 11._____ 12._____ 13._____ 14._____ 15._____ Ⅲ.书面表达。(10分) 英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言，其地位和作用日益重要。中国已于2008年成功举办了奥运会，并与世界各地的来宾共同交流、学习。请以Let’s Study English Well为题，谈谈学好英语的重要性。(80词左右) Let’s Study English Well ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________