仁爱版英语九年级上册 Unit2 Topic1 Pollution has causes too many problems. 复习讲义（无答案）

第四讲---Unit 2 Topic 1 Pollution has cased too many problems.
初中英语 年级 九年级
重难点 一般过去时与现在完成时的区分
【知识储备】 重点语法：一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 1、一般过去时：侧重陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系 标志词：yesterday , last week , a moment ago，in 2013等 例：I opened the door half an hour ago.
2、现在完成时：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，与现在有关系 （注：它不与表示过去的时间状语连用） 标志词：already（已经）/just（刚刚）/ever（曾经）/never（从不）/before（以前）/yet（仍然）/recently（近来） 标志短语：in recent years（近年来）//so far（到目前为止）/in the past + 一段时间 标志次数：once（一次）/twice（两次）/three times（三次）/several times（几次）等 标志时间： for +时间段 since +时间点 since+时间段+ago 主句（现在完成时）since+从句（过去时） △It is/has been+时间+since从句（过去时） 例：I have opened the door. 一般过去时&现在完成时的考点例析 例1：—______ you ___ your homework yet —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago . A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish 例2： I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard 例3：—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really When _____ there
A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 例4：.It _____ ten years since he left the army .
A. is B. has C. will D. was 语法练习题： （A）单项选择题 1. Little Bob did his homework and _____ TV yesterday evening. A.watch B.watches C. watched D. is watching 2. —Hello, may I speak to your father, please —Sorry, my father ______ to Shanghai. He went there this morning. A. goes B. has gone C. have been D. go 3. Though he ____ the book three times, he hopes to read it again. A. read B. reads C. has read D. would read 4. Julia isn’t going to the cinema with us because she ______ the film. A. sees B. saw C. will see D. has seen 5. My grandparents ________ in that city since 2008. A. will live B. live C. have lived D. were living 6. —A nice car! Is it yours —No, it isn’t. I _______ it from a friend of mine two days ago. A.borrow B. have borrowed C. will borrow D. borrowed 7. —Excuse me, look at the sign NO PHOTOS! —Sorry, I ____ it. A. don’t, see B. didn’t see C. haven’t seen D. won’t see 8. The twins didn’t go to the theatre, they ____ the light music all night. A. have enjoyed B. will enjoy C. are enjoying D. were enjoying 9. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he _____ in Japan last year. A. meets B. met C. has met D. would met 10. Paul and I _____ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing （B）用适当的时态填空： 1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten. 2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them ______________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago. 4. Half an hour ______________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave). 5. _________ you ____________ (find) your watch yet 7. ---Are you thirsty ---No, I _________just ___________ (have) some orange. 8. We _________ already ______________ (return) the book. 9. My father ______________ (read) the novel twice. 10. I ___________________ (lost ) my watch yesterday. Section A 1、You could see bees and butterflies dancing. 译：你能看见蜜蜂和蝴蝶在飞舞。 see sb. doing sth.---看见某人正在做某事。强调事件，(延续性)行动正在进行。 see sb. do sth.---看见某人做某事。表示看见整个事件，(短暂性)行动的全过程，动作已经结束。 总结:这样的动词还有---hear, watch, find, feel ---叫做感官动词 2、The flowers and grass have gone！ 译：花和草都没有了。 have/has gone---已经不复存在，不见了，消失了 我的足球不见了，我找不到它了。My football ______ _____. I can’t find it. 3、It smells terrible. 译：难闻极了。 smell terrible --- 系表结构 总结：系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（多为形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。常见的系动词:be, feel ,sound, taste, smell, look, turn, become ,get ,go ... 4、Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream. 译：看，有几家化工厂正往小溪里排放废水。 ①waste废弃的，无用的(形容词) waste land___________ waste water___________ waste --- 废物，废料(名词) 常用短语： (a) waste of…---一种…的浪费 waste --- 浪费(动词) 用法： waste … doing sth.--- 浪费…做某事 ② several = a few 一些 后面接可数名词复数 there be + sb./sth. + doing sth. 有某人某物正在做某事 练习：有个小男孩正在树下玩耍。译：________ _______a boy ________ under the tree. there be + sb./sth. + to do sth. 有某人某物去做某事 练习a. There is no time to think. 译：____________________________________ Section B 1、What’s wrong with you 译：你怎么了？ 同义句 1)___________________________ 2)_____________________________ 2、How long have you been like this 译：你像这样多长时间了？ how long---多长时间，多久。谓语动词必须为延续性动词。 区别： when---什么时间。 谓语动词多为短暂性动词。 练习：1) ---___________have you learned English ---Since two years ago. 2) ---___________did you start to learn English ---Two years ago. 3、The bad air makes my chest hurt. 译：糟糕的天气让我胸口疼。 hurt --- 感到疼痛(不及物动词) 拓展：1)弄伤,弄疼(及物动词) 2)受伤的(形容词) 4、。The chemical factory produces terrible gas. 译:化工厂向外排放难闻的气味 make 和produce 都有________意思。一般可互换。但make 还有“做”的意思。 5、I can’t bear the environment here . 译：我不能忍受这的环境。 can’t bear sth./ doing sth. 不能容忍某事/做某事 如: I can’t bear staying up so late. 这么晚不睡觉我受不了。 6、Anyway, I hope the government will solve this problem soon . 译：无论如何，我希望政府能快点解决这个问题。 anyway---无论如何，不管怎样, 一般用于句首，后用逗号隔开。 Section C 1、However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to human’s health. 译：然而，并不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染并且对人类健康一样有害。 not all… --- 不是所有的都…(部分否定)not与all, every以及every的派生词连用时表示部分否定。 neither, none, nothing, nobody, no one等，则表示全部否定。 be harmful to sb. / sth. --- 对某人/物有害 = do harm to sb /sth 2、Quite a few people living near airports also have hearing loss. 译：很多生活在机场附近的人也失去了听力。 quite a few = many 许多 quite a little = much 许多 very few 几乎没有几个very little 几乎没有一点 3、 Recently, it is reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-oldpeople do, because these young people always listen to loud pop music. 译：近来，有报道说，美国许多青年人的听力和65岁的老人一样差，因为这些年轻人总喜欢听劲爆的音乐。 It is reported that---据报道 (后接that从句) 据说__________________ 众所周知______________________________ no better than…和…（几乎）一样坏/差 = almost as bad/badly as… 4、It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to people’s hearing. 译：它不禁打扰别人而且严重损害听力。 do(great) harm to sb. / sth. = be (great) harmful to sb./sth. --- 对某人/某物有(很大)伤害 harm还可以作动词：harm sb./sth. --- 伤害某人/某物 Section D 1、 create 动词， “造成，创造”通常指“创造新事物，塑造出人物、角色”等含意。 2、with 表示伴随，引导的介词短语在剧中做状语。 反义：without with+ 某种工具 “用....使用.....”= use sth. 3、heavy industry 重工业 light industry 轻工业 4、blood 名词，“血液” 常用作不可数名词, high blood pressure 高血压 5、as well “也” 常用在句末。 Eg: I don’t it as well.
【当堂小测】 1、根据句意及首写字母提示，完成句子。 1) I have b_______ to the West Hill before. 2)All the flowers, grass and fish have g_______. 3) There are s________ chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. 4) We call a small narrow river a s_________. 5)She was still __________(虚弱的) after her illness. 6)____________(不管怎样)，I will try my best to finish it . 7)The workers can _________(生产) more toys after using the new machines. 8)This factory makes _____________(太多的) noise. It is __________(太)noisy. 2、从方框中选择合适的单词，用正确的形式填空。 Look！，_________birds are singing in the tree. What a _________! Can you clean your room, Tom Don’t throw rubbish around. It can ________the environment. To my ________, I did worst in the last exam in my class. Some homeless people live in that _______house. 3、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1)It was __________ (report) that Liu Xiang would take part in the next Olympics. 2)Look! There is a little boy __________ (play) soccer on the playground. 3)Noise pollution can cause people ____________ (become) sick or deaf. 4)It’s a pity that such a beautiful lake ____________ (go). 5) People who work and live in ___________ (noise) conditions may go deaf. 4、单选 ( )1)Oh, the rice ______ terrible. It must go bad. smells B. touches C. sees ( )2)--- What _____ in your hometown in recent years --- There are many new tall buildings. was happened B. have happened C. has happened ( )3)---Would you like to go out for a picnic with us ---____ , but I have a lot of things to do . Of course not B. I’d love to C. That’s all right ( )5) I left my pen on the desk just now and now it __________. is going B. has gone C. has left ( )6) I ______that village two months ago. visited B. visit C. have visited ( )7)Trees are good for us . We must prevent anyone from _______. cutting up them B. cutting down them C. cutting them down ( )8)Don’t make noise! There are several students _____over there. A．sleep B. sleeping C. to sleeping ( ) 9)---Listen, there is a bird _______in the tree. --- How wonderful. A.sings B. to sing C. singing ( )10)How long has he been abroad -He has been abroad_____last year. A for B after C since ( )11) —The rubbish is almost everywhere ,Do you still want to have a picnic here —_______, I hate to stay here. A Yes , of course , B Of course not C I’d love to ( )12) Planes and machines produce _________ noise. A much too B too much C too many ( )13) I can’t bear the students _______mach noise in class. A make B to make C making ( )14)It is reported that the bad weather will ________for three days. A begin B stay C leave
【课后作业】 1、选用下列单词并用其适当形式填空 relation, produce, walk, play, chest, once, influence, so, live, cancer 1. ____ you are interested in playing computer games, you will have trouble giving it up. 2. The boy is _____ young that he can’t look after himself. 3. He is used to ______ to school. 4. I think it’s a wonderful place _____ in. 5. You can enjoy _____, concerts and operas every day if you like. 6. The chemical factory has ______ terrible gas. It should be far away from the center of the city. 7. I didn’t sleep well last night because my ____ hurt badly. 8. The questions have no ____ to his lessons. 9. What he said has a strong ______ on me. 10. The ______ has spread to his stomach. He is dying. 2、从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话。 Jim: Good morning , 1 Grandma: I have a cough all the time. Jim: 2 Grandma: I’ve been like this since last week. Jim: 3 Grandma: Yes . I have . But I’m not feeling better. Jim: 4 Grandma: Because the air pollution here is serious. It causes my breathing problem. Jim: I want to write to the newspaper about the pollution . 5 Grandma: Yes. I hope the government will solve this problem soon. Jim: I believe we’ll have good environment by then. 1)_________ 2)__________ 3)___________4)_________5)_________ 3. 阅读理解。 The earth is about 4600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35000 years but during that time we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good but more are not good for the earth. Water pollution A lot of people birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result many rivers and lakes are now dead. Air pollution In big cities factories as well as cars trucks and buses are the main cause of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds. Soil pollution In order to have a good harvest most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop. Hope for the future These problems are very serious for our future so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people ( ) 1. __________________ have made the earth change a lot. A.Human beings B.Animals C.Plants D.People in other planets ( ) 2. There are _______________ kinds of pollution in this passage. A.two B.three C.four D.five ( ) 3. Pollution isn’t a big problem now, is it A. Yes there is. B.No it isn’t. C. Yes it is. D. No there isn’t. ( ) 4.Which sentence is NOT right according to the passage A. Water pollution is very serious nowadays. B. We must stop the factories from pouring waste water into the rivers and lakes. C. Because of water pollution many rivers and lakes are now dead. D. Most of things that we have done are good for our planet.