PAGE
UNIT 4 单元主题训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When my 8-month-old cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.
“Babububuu，” he says.
What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.
“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，” says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (线索)．”
So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.
The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess forty-eight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying — hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, so-called “uncommon cry signals” — signs of pain or sickness — are high-pitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.
Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款儿童哭声识别器。
1．Why does the author mention the 8-month-old child
A．To draw attention to baby cries.
B．To prove baby cries are common.
C．To lead in a translator for baby cries.
D．To show the use of cry translators.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推断，作者在开头提到八个月大的小孩是为了引出婴儿哭声翻译器话题。故选C。
2．What inspired Lichuan Liu's idea of doing the study
A．Pediatric care workers' words.
B．The pediatricians' strong requests.
C．Her own nursing experiences.
D．Her doubts about the previous research.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和第五段首句可推断，是儿科护理工作人员的话语促使Lichuan Liu做这个研究。故选A。
3．What did the researchers do in the study
A．They collected baby cries from big hospitals.
B．They got 48 baby cry recordings evaluated.
C．They created an automatic speech recognition.
D．They analyzed cry features with compressed sensing.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，研究者在这个研究中评估了48个婴儿哭声记录。故选B。
4．What can we know about Liu's cry language recognition algorithm
A．It has been widely used in daily life.
B．It's mainly meant for hungry cry signals.
C．It has been proved effective on babies.
D．It's only been tested on recorded cries now.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，Liu的哭声语言识别算法目前只用于测试录制的哭声。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Now, if you want to be charming, then you'll need to build self-confidence, but becoming more outgoing is actually pretty easy. To get to a point at which you feel comfortable talking to a complete stranger, follow these steps.
Encourage your curiosity about people. __5__ I wonder what his parents look like. I wonder what her favourite colour is. Is he from around here Is she the girl I saw at the cinema last week It will take some conscious effort, but you can't be outgoing if you don't care about people.
Smile at others. Make it a goal to smile at one person a day. It can be anybody, and it can be the most subtle (微妙的) thing of smile. A quick glance paired with a smile — then run away if you want! __6__ Eventually, you will want to get to a point where you smile instinctively whenever you make first eye contact with someone.
Ask people questions. The standard “How are you？” doesn't really count, because people use it as a greeting rather than a real question. __7__ This is where the curiosity and interest in others come into play.
__8__ This is key to being a good conversationalist. If you don't make enough eye contact, the other person will feel invisible and the sense that you're elsewhere mentally. If you make too much, they'll feel uncomfortable. Is that specific enough for you
Note your body language. __9__ To show that you're outgoing and welcome conversations, keep your body open, your head up, and a smile on your face. Resist playing with your phone or otherwise occupying yourself.
A．Master eye contact.
B．Never hesitate to smile at others.
C．Most of communication isn't verbal.
D．The more you do it, though, the less scary it will be.
E．Make eye contact when you're asking questions about people.
F．Wherever you go, try to observe people, and ask questions about them.
G．If you've already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, start off with a question.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了与人自由交流时需要的一些技巧，比如微笑、提问、眼神交流和肢体语言等。
5．选F 本段主要讲述了培养对他人的好奇心，F项“无论到哪里，都要努力去观察人们，多问问关于他们的问题”符合语境。故选F。
6．选D 本段主要讲述的是要微笑面对他人。上句讲的是“刚开始时可能会害羞”，下句讲的是“最后你会体会到第一次和别人接触时会本能地笑”。由语境可知，D项“做得越多就越不会害怕”符合语境。
7．选G 本段主要讲述了和别人交流要从问问题开始，故G项中“start off with a question”符合语境。所以选G。
8．选A 根据本段中的“If you don't make enough eye contact”和“If you make too much”可知，本段讲要用眼神交流来达到好的谈话效果，A项“善于用眼神交流”能概括本段内容，故选A。
9．选C 本段主要讲述了要注意使用肢体语言，C项“多数的交流并不是口头的”，指的是肢体语言，符合语境，故选C。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __10__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __11__ than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly __12__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __13__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __14__， different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __15__ contact even with friends, and certainly not with __16__. People from Latin American countries, __17__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is __18__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __19__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __20__— which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __21__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __22__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best __23__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be __24__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及在不同文化里肢体语言的不同含义。
10．A.straighter B．louder
C．harder D．further
解析：选B 根据上文中的“most powerful language”以及下文内容可知，此处表示肢体语言比文字语言更容易把意思表达清楚，更有说服力。
11．A.sounds B．invitations
C．feelings D．messages
解析：选D 此处指身体发出的是message“信息”，而不是sound。
12．A.immediate B．misleading
C．important D．difficult
解析：选C 根据下文论述，当涉及跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要(important)。
13．A.well B．far
C．much D．long
解析：选C 根据语境可知，此处表示肢体语言在生活中的使用程度，故应用much。
14．A.For example B．Thus
C．However D．In short
解析：选A 上句中提到肢体语言会发生误解，下文是对此进行举例，For example用于举例说明，符合语境。
15．A.eye B．verbal
C．bodily D．telephone
解析：选C 北欧人通常不喜欢肢体的接触，故选bodily“身体的”。
16．A.strangers B．relatives
C．neighbours D．enemies
解析：选A 北欧人不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触，更不用说陌生人了。
17．A.in other words B．on the other hand
C．in a similar way D．by all means
解析：选B 上文讲到了北欧人的习惯，此处要针对拉丁美洲人的习惯进行说明，on the other hand“另一方面”，符合上下文语境。
18．A.disturbing B．helping
C．guiding D．following
解析：选D 根据上文“people from Latin American ...a lot”可知，我们看到的很可能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人在房间到处移动，故选following“跟随”。
19．A.closer B．faster
C．in D．away
解析：选A 根据空前的“trying to express friendship”可知，拉丁美洲人极力想离对方近一些，故选closer (更近的)。
20．A.stepping forward B．going on
C．backing away D．coming out
解析：选C 根据“pushiness”可知，挪威人不喜欢肢体接触，会一直向后退，故选backing away“后退”。
21．A.talk B．travel
C．laugh D．think
解析：选A A选项中的talk (交谈)与上文的conversation相呼应，且文章主要讲述交谈中的肢体语言。
22．A.different B．European
C．Latino D．rich
解析：选A 根据上文可知，谈话的双方来自不同的文化。different cultures“不同的文化”。
23．A.chance B．time
C．result D．advice
解析：选D 根据空后的“to obey the Golden Rule: ...”可知，此处表示“建议”。
24．A.noticed B．treated
C．respected D．pleased
解析：选B 你希望怎样被对待(treated)，那你就怎样对待别人。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday last year, and my husband, David, and I were taking our dog, Joey, for his evening walk. We were on our way home, heading towards a bridge, when I heard a cry ahead.
As we approached, I saw a figure sitting down on the ground, uncomfortably close to the wall. It was a young man, clearly in distress, crying and shouting, his whole body shaking. I froze, suddenly aware of the gravity of the situation. The bridge ran over a high-speed train track and was a well-known suicide spot. A local family had lost their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.
David and I exchanged glances. There was no one around. I knew I wouldn't be able to live with myself if his death was reported the next day and I'd done nothing.
I inched towards the young man and Joey instinctively glued to my side. I asked him if I could sit down, and then lowered myself on to the ground opposite him, while Joey sandwiched himself between us. I tried a few gentle questions: “What's your name How old are you What do you do？” His answers were simple. “Tommy. puter.”
“Are you OK？” I asked. “No, I'm not.” he shouted back. He muttered something about a betrayal, not knowing what to do. His emotions were swinging wildly — tears one moment and fierce anger the next. I was desperate to make a connection, asking him where he went to college and feigning (装作) delight as I told him my son had studied there, too. I even found myself recounting the story of Neil Layboum, who had talked a man down from Waterloo Bridge in London 10 years ago.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood. “You look very handsome. Your parents must be very nice, right？” His eyes warmed at the thought of something warm with his parents. Seeing this, I continued to say more, “Raising a child is both happy and difficult for parents. They love you forever, and there will be no betrayal.So why don't you spend some time with them？” At last he was willing to get up from the track. A train was barreling toward him, but he escaped in time and no one was injured.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh. The young man seemed to calm down. He thanked us and turned back. I thought he had had an idea of how to solve the problem. The white light lengthened his shadow. I was glad I didn't blow it. And our small efforts saved a young life.
PAGE
1PAGE
UNIT 4 单元主题训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When my 8-month-old cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.
“Babububuu，” he says.
What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.
“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，” says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (线索)．”
So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.
The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess forty-eight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying — hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, so-called “uncommon cry signals” — signs of pain or sickness — are high-pitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.
Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.
1．Why does the author mention the 8-month-old child
A．To draw attention to baby cries.
B．To prove baby cries are common.
C．To lead in a translator for baby cries.
D．To show the use of cry translators.
2．What inspired Lichuan Liu's idea of doing the study
A．Pediatric care workers' words.
B．The pediatricians' strong requests.
C．Her own nursing experiences.
D．Her doubts about the previous research.
3．What did the researchers do in the study
A．They collected baby cries from big hospitals.
B．They got 48 baby cry recordings evaluated.
C．They created an automatic speech recognition.
D．They analyzed cry features with compressed sensing.
4．What can we know about Liu's cry language recognition algorithm
A．It has been widely used in daily life.
B．It's mainly meant for hungry cry signals.
C．It has been proved effective on babies.
D．It's only been tested on recorded cries now.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Now, if you want to be charming, then you'll need to build self-confidence, but becoming more outgoing is actually pretty easy. To get to a point at which you feel comfortable talking to a complete stranger, follow these steps.
Encourage your curiosity about people. __5__ I wonder what his parents look like. I wonder what her favourite colour is. Is he from around here Is she the girl I saw at the cinema last week It will take some conscious effort, but you can't be outgoing if you don't care about people.
Smile at others. Make it a goal to smile at one person a day. It can be anybody, and it can be the most subtle (微妙的) thing of smile. A quick glance paired with a smile — then run away if you want! __6__ Eventually, you will want to get to a point where you smile instinctively whenever you make first eye contact with someone.
Ask people questions. The standard “How are you？” doesn't really count, because people use it as a greeting rather than a real question. __7__ This is where the curiosity and interest in others come into play.
__8__ This is key to being a good conversationalist. If you don't make enough eye contact, the other person will feel invisible and the sense that you're elsewhere mentally. If you make too much, they'll feel uncomfortable. Is that specific enough for you
Note your body language. __9__ To show that you're outgoing and welcome conversations, keep your body open, your head up, and a smile on your face. Resist playing with your phone or otherwise occupying yourself.
A．Master eye contact.
B．Never hesitate to smile at others.
C．Most of communication isn't verbal.
D．The more you do it, though, the less scary it will be.
E．Make eye contact when you're asking questions about people.
F．Wherever you go, try to observe people, and ask questions about them.
G．If you've already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, start off with a question.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks __10__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more __11__ than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really mean. And body language is particularly __12__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so __13__ a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. __14__， different societies treat the distance between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having __15__ contact even with friends, and certainly not with __16__. People from Latin American countries, __17__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is __18__ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving __19__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep __20__— which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people __21__. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from __22__ cultures, there's a strong possibility of misunderstanding. But whatever the situation, the best __23__ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be __24__.
10．A.straighter B．louder
C．harder D．further
11．A.sounds B．invitations
C．feelings D．messages
12．A.immediate B．misleading
C．important D．difficult
13．A.well B．far
C．much D．long
14．A.For example B．Thus
C．However D．In short
15．A.eye B．verbal
C．bodily D．telephone
16．A.strangers B．relatives
C．neighbours D．enemies
17．A.in other words B．on the other hand
C．in a similar way D．by all means
18．A.disturbing B．helping
C．guiding D．following
19．A.closer B．faster
C．in D．away
20．A.stepping forward B．going on
C．backing away D．coming out
21．A.talk B．travel
C．laugh D．think
22．A.different B．European
C．Latino D．rich
23．A.chance B．time
C．result D．advice
24．A.noticed B．treated
C．respected D．pleased
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday last year, and my husband, David, and I were taking our dog, Joey, for his evening walk. We were on our way home, heading towards a bridge, when I heard a cry ahead.
As we approached, I saw a figure sitting down on the ground, uncomfortably close to the wall. It was a young man, clearly in distress, crying and shouting, his whole body shaking. I froze, suddenly aware of the gravity of the situation. The bridge ran over a high-speed train track and was a well-known suicide spot. A local family had lost their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.
David and I exchanged glances. There was no one around. I knew I wouldn't be able to live with myself if his death was reported the next day and I'd done nothing.
I inched towards the young man and Joey instinctively glued to my side. I asked him if I could sit down, and then lowered myself on to the ground opposite him, while Joey sandwiched himself between us. I tried a few gentle questions: “What's your name How old are you What do you do？” His answers were simple. “Tommy. puter.”
“Are you OK？” I asked. “No, I'm not.” he shouted back. He muttered something about a betrayal, not knowing what to do. His emotions were swinging wildly — tears one moment and fierce anger the next. I was desperate to make a connection, asking him where he went to college and feigning (装作) delight as I told him my son had studied there, too. I even found myself recounting the story of Neil Layboum, who had talked a man down from Waterloo Bridge in London 10 years ago.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
I kept talking, trying to alter his mood.
Paragraph 2：
When the train passed, I let out a sigh.
PAGE
1
