(共31张PPT)
人教新目标版 八年级(上)
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation
Period2 Section A
Grammar Focus-3c
语法课优质课
Presentation
Learning aims
1.学习本课新词汇： most, something, nothing, everyone, myself, yourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diary, go out，have a good time，of course，keep a diary
掌握句型：Where did you go on vacation I went to New York City. Did you go with anyone No. No one was here. Everyone was vacation.
2.能够运用一般过去时谈论过去发生的事情或存在的状态。掌握一般过去时的定义，时间状语，谓语结构和句式变化。能够区别一般过去式的规则动词与不规则动词的变化规律。
3.总结学习anyone, someone, everyone, something, anything, nothing等不定代词的用法。
4.能够谈论和分享自己的假期经历，享受生活，热爱升高。
Presentation
Revision
Pre-grammar
Ask and answer.
Where did … go on vacation How was your vacation
went to Sanya
/ the beach
went shopping
went to a friend’s farm
went to the Great Wall
went to summer
camp
visited old people
stayed at home
went to the mountains
Did you do anything interesting
Presentation
Warming up
Pre-grammar
Enjoy a video and answer the questions.
1. Did the girl swim in the sea What did she do
2. Did the boy run What did he do
3. Why did the boy fell off the bike and hurt his foot
Yes. She went swimming in the sea, and she went shopping near the sea. She also bought a gift for a boy.
No, he didn’t run or jump.
He rode a bike in the park.
Because he didn’t see
a big round stone.
Presentation
New words
Pre-grammar
Listen and repeat.
something
nothing
everyone
of course
myself
yourself
hen
pig
seem
bored
someone
diary
pron. 某事；某物
pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西
pron. 每人；人人；所有人
当然；自然
pron. 我自己；我本人
pron. 你自己；您自己
n. 母鸡
n. 猪
v. 好像；似乎；看来
adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的
pron. 某人
n. 日记；记事薄
Presentation
While-grammar
Where did you go on vacation I went to New York City.
Did you go out with anyone No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.
Did you buy anything special
Yes, I bought something for my father.
No, I bought nothing.
How was the food Everything tasted really good.
Did everyone have a good time Oh, yes, Everything was excellent
Grammar Focus
Read the sentences and translate them.
Presentation
Practice
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
While-grammar
1. 你去了什么地方去度假？_____ ______ you go on _________
2. 我去了纽约市。I _______ ____ New York City.
3. 你和别的什么人一起去的吗？______ ______ go out with ________
4. 不，没有别人在这儿。每个人都在度假。
No. ____ _____ was here. ________ was on ________.
5. 你买了什么特别的东西了吗？____ you buy ________ _______
6. 是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。Yes, I _______ _________ for my father.
7. 不，我没有买什么东西。No, I _______ _________.
8. 吃的怎么样？____ ____ the food
9. 所有的东西尝起来都很好。 __________ _______ really good.
10. 每个人都玩得很开心吗 _____ ________ have a good time
11. 是的。一切事物都很棒。Yes. __________was excellent.
vacation
Where did
went to
Did you
anyone
No one
Everyone
vacation
Did
anything special
bought something
bought nothing
How was
Everything tasted
Did everyone
Everything
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
Where did you go on vacation I went to New York City.
Did you go out with anyone No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.
Did you buy anything special
Yes, I bought something for my father.
No, I bought nothing.
How was the food Everything tasted really good.
Did everyone have a good time Oh, yes, Everything was excellent
What did you find out
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 常与yesterday，last night，in 2008，two days ago时间状语连用。
句式结构：主系表：主语+was/were+其他.
主谓宾：主语+谓语动词（过去式）+宾语.
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
1.一般过去式的用法
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago...)连用;
I was on vacation last month.
They played soccer yesterday.
Tom’s uncle lived in New York two years ago.
The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.
2) 表示在过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作, 常与never, always等频度副词连用。
过去我总是步行上学。I always walked to school in the past.
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
2.一般过去式的谓语构成
1)系动词be的过去时. am (is) →was are →were
肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语 He was at home yesterday.
否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语 We weren't late yesterday. .
疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语？ Was he ill yesterday
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语 +其他？ Where were you
(肯定)The weather was fine yesterday.
(否定)The weather wasn’t fine yesterday.
(疑问)Was the weather fine yesterday
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
2.一般过去式的谓语构成
2）行为动词的一般过去时:
肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。 I went to the movie.
否定句：主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其他？ I didn’t go to school.
一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？
Did you have breakfast Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？
When did you visit the Great Wall
(肯定)He visited his grandparents last weekend.
(否定)He didn’t visit his grandparents last weekend.
(疑问)Did he visit his grandparents last weekend
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
3.一般过去式常用的时间状语（标志词）
一般过去时常与(the day before) yesterday, last week, last (year, night,
month…), in 1990 / just now, On Sunday morning,一段时间+ago
(如two hours ago), this morning, at the age of, one day等时间状语连用。
例句：我去年13岁。I was thirteen years old last year.
我们刚才在公园里玩得很开心。
We were very happy in the park just now.
三天前我们到达北京。We reached Beijing three days ago.
在他5岁时就开始阅读了。He began to read at the age of five.
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
4.规则动词和不规则动词的过去式的构成
1)规则动词过去式的变化有以下几种：
(1) 一般情况下在动词后加-ed。
e.g. play—played visit—visited walk—walked clean—cleaned
(2) 以不发音的e结尾的词，在词尾加-d。
e.g. like—liked dance—danced live—lived use—used
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，先改y为i，再加-ed。
e.g. study—studied carry—carried worry—worried
(4) 以重读闭音节结尾并且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。
e.g. stop—stopped drop—dropped plan—planned
温馨提示：以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：
e.g. enjoy ——enjoyed play——played
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究一：复习一般过去时的结构和用法
4.规则动词和不规则动词的过去式的构成
探究语法规律
2)动词不规则变化
am, is—was are—were go—went do—did
have—had come—came take—took say—said
eat—ate see—saw get—got put—put
sleep—slept give—gave write—wrot read—read
buy—bought sit—sat run—ran
swim —swam make—made feel—fel hear—heard
grow—grew tell—told know—knew find—found
begin—began bring —brought stand—stood spend—spent
catch—caught teach—taught
Presentation
Practice
While-grammar
句型转换
1. Lisa visited the art museum last Sunday. (改为否定句)
Lisa the art museum last Sunday.
2. The Browns went to the beach on vacation. (改为一般疑问句)
the Browns to the beach on vacation
3. They were busy yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
they yesterday
4. Jane studied for exams last night. (对画线部分提问)
Jane last night
5. John played basketball with his friends yesterday. (对画线部分提问)
John basketball with yesterday
didn’t visit
. Did
go
. Were
. busy
. What did do
. Who did play
Presentation
Practice
While-grammar
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. _____ you ____________(remember) to buy the oranges
2.Who _________ (play) the computer games yesterday
3.We ________(go) to the movie last night. The film _____(be) very good.
4.What time _____ you ______ (get) to school this morning
5.Jim _____(do) a lot yesterday. He ______(go) shopping
and _______ (cook) supper.
Did
remember
played
went
was
did
get
did
went
cooked
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
Where did you go on vacation I went to New York City.
Did you go out with anyone No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.
Did you buy anything special
Yes, I bought something for my father.
No, I bought nothing.
How was the food Everything tasted really good.
Did everyone have a good time Oh, yes, Everything was excellent
What did you find out
探究二：复合不定代词用法
不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。 复合不定代词指由some, any, no, every与-one,-body,-thing组成的不定代词，共有12个。如：someone, somebody, something, anyone\anybody, anything, no one\ nobody, nothing, everyone, everybody, everything.
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究二：复合不定代词用法
观察
Let’s do something interesting.
Did you buy anything special
当形容词修饰不定代词时，应放在其____ (前面/后面)。
e.g. 让我们给她不同的东西吃。Let's give her something different to eat .
我有一些重要的事情告诉你。I have something important to tell you.
巩固练习：
这本书里有什么新东西吗？
Is there _________ _____ in this book
今天没有什么特别的事。
There’s _________ _______today.
1.不定代词的修饰语后置
后面
anything new
nothing special
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究二：复合不定代词用法
2. 不定代词作为单数看待，谓语动词用三单形式。
观察
Everyone in this village is friendly.
Nobody knows what the future will be like.
复合不定代词作主语时，都作_____ (单数/复数)看待，其谓语动词用_____________形式。相应的人称代词和物主代词用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their. 第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。相应的人称代词也只能用 it，而不用 they。
e.g. Something ____ (is/are) wrong with my watch.
我的手表出了点毛病。
Well, everyone ______ (want) to win.是的，每个人都想赢。
单数
单数第三人称
is
wants
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究二：复合不定代词用法
3. 含some-的不定代词用于肯定句，含any-的不定代词用于疑问句中。
some-的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中；any-类的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“某事；某物；某人”；也可用于肯定句或条件从句中，表示“任何东西；任何人”。
e.g. I didn’t see anything in the room.
Do you know anything about English learning
If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.
巩固练习：我想吃点东西。 I’d like ___________ to eat.
今天有人给我打电话吗？Did ______ call me today
something
anyone
注意：①something可用于疑问句中，表示问话者希望得到对方肯定的答复。
Would you like something to drink 你想喝点东西吗
②anything可以用于肯定句, 表示“任何事物”。
Just ring if you need anything. 如果需要什么东西, 你就按铃。
Presentation
Practice
Post-grammar
Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and practice the conversation.
Linda: Did you do _________ fun on your
vacation, Alice
Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya.
Linda: How did you like it
Alice: Well, it was my first time there,
so _________ was really interesting.
Linda: Did you go with ________
Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.
Linda: Did you go shopping
Alice: Of course! I bought________ for my
parents, but _________ for myself.
3a
anything
everything
anyone
something
nothing
anyone
something
anything
everything
nothing
方法指导：
首先，应通读对话，掌握短文大意；
其次，回顾一下复合不定代词的用法。
然后，仔细阅读每个句子，根据空格前后的词语进行推敲。比如，第一句话是一个一般疑问句，空格前有do一词，可知空格处应anything
一词，意为“做什么事情”。其他类似。
Presentation
Practice
Fill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box.
anything, everything, nothing,
everyone, no one
Dear Bill,
How was your vacation Did you do ________ interesting Did _______ in the family go with you I went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family. __________ was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _______ much to do in the evening but read. Still ______ seemed to be bored. Bye for now!
Mark
3b
Post-grammar
anything
anyone
Everything
nothing
no one
Presentation
Post-grammar
Practice
Ask your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results.
Did you… Everyone Someone (name) No one
eat anything at a restaurant
read anything interesting
visit anyone in your family
buy anything
keep a diary
3c
In our group, everyone ate something at a restaurant. No one read anything interesting. Li Lei visited his grandparents in the town. Liu Xue bought something interesting. Xu Li kept a diary.
Now work by yourselves. Then give your own report on your group.
Presentation
Language points
Post-grammar
I. I bought something for my parents, but nothing for myself.
___________________________________________
Why didn't you buy anything for yourself
___________________________________________
myself意为_____, yourself 意为_____,像这样表示“某人自己
的词”叫_________。
我给父母买了一些东西，但给自己什么也没买。
你为什么不给自己买东西呢？
我自己
你自己
反身代词
Inquiry into knowledge translation(翻译探究)
myself yourself himself herself itself
我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己
ourselves yourselves themselves
我们自己 你们自己 他们自己
1) Did you buy anything for yourself
你为你自己买什么东西了吗 （做介词宾语）
2) The old man taught himself English.
那位老人自学英语。（做动词宾语）
3) The thing itself is not important.
事情本身并不重要。（做同位语）
4) I myself visited my aunt last weekend.
上周我自己去拜访了姑姑。(做同位语)
反身代词用法：
Presentation
Language points
Post-grammar
Inquiry into knowledge y translation(翻译探究)
II. Still no one seemed to be bored.
________________________________
seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，其主要用法如下：
seem+ (to be) + adj. 如：
The movie ___________________. 这部电影似乎很有趣。
seem to do sth. 如：
The boy ____________ nothing about it.
这个孩似乎对它一无所知。
It seems that ... 如:
It seems that Mr. Zhang is at home. 张先生好像在家。
seem like…“好像，似乎……”。
It seems like a good idea.它好像是个好主意。
仍然没有人似乎看起来无聊。
seems(to be) interesting
seems to know
Presentation
Language points
Post-grammar
Inquiry into knowledge y translation(翻译探究)
III. The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.
_________________________________________
nothing much to do意为“没什么事可做”。
a. I have_____ _____ _____ _this afternoon.
今天下午我没什么特殊的事可做。
b. There is _____ _____ ___ ___，so I go to bed early.
没什么事可做，因此我就早早睡觉了。
拓展：nothing…but…意为“除……之外什么也没有；只有”。
but后可接名词或动词原形。
a. I had nothing but a cup of tea this morning.我今天早上只喝了杯茶。
b. I had nothing to do but watch TV.我无事可做，只有看电视。
nothing much to do
nothing much to do
唯一的问题是晚上除了读书没什么事可做。
Class test
Post-grammar
I.单项选择
1. I have ____ to tell you.
A. anything interesting B. something interesting
C. interesting anything D. interesting something
2. The light in the room still on, I think ____ is in the room.
A. everyone B. anyone C. someone D. no one
3. The work is very easy, I can do it by ____.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
4. The TV show is very ____, and I feel ____.
A. boring, bored B. boring, boring
C. bored, bored D. bored, boring
5. _____ is watching TV . Let’s turn it off .
A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody D. everybody
Presentation
Class test
Post-grammar
II. 句型转换
Lucy did her homework at home. （改否定句）
2. He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.
（变一般疑问句)
3. She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）
4. There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)
Lucy didn’t not her homework at home.
Did he find any meat in the fridge
How long does she stayed there
Was there any orange in the cup
Presentation
Homework
Compulsory homework(必做作业)
1. 背诵并默写Section A Grammar Focus 中的句子。
2. 预习Section B1a-1d, 默写P4单词。
Optional homework (选做作业)
Write about your vacation
.
For example :Last summer I went to the beach . My vacation was great . I went there by bus and my bus trip was relaxing . The beach was very beautiful . It was sunny, cool and humid .the people were friendly and the food were delicious .I enjoyed my vacation very much and I hope to go there again .
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