外研版八年级上册 Module 9 Population 模块复习课件 (共58张PPT)

(共58张PPT)
Module 9 Population
模块知识盘点
常用短语
1. prepare sth. for... 为……准备某物
2. such as 比如
3. one fifth 五分之一
4. hang on a minute 稍等一会儿
5. close to 靠近
6. close down (永久)关闭，关停
7. have to 不得不
8. in the future 将来
9. more and more 越来越多；越来越……
10. as a result 结果；因此
11. die from... 死于……
12. have a chance to... 有机会……
经典句型
1. Beijing is a huge city with a large population. 北京是一座人口众多的大城市。
2. I can’t believe it! 我简直不敢相信！
3. The population of China is about 1.37 billion. 中国的人口大约是13.7亿。
4. That’s almost one fifth of the world’s population... 那几乎是世界人口的五分之一……
5. A city should not hold more than one million people. 一座城市的人口不应该超过一百万。
6. They had a small house, close to fields and hills. 在靠近田野和山丘之处，他们有一个小屋。
7. The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago... 帕克维尔当地的小学校5年前就关闭了……
8. It takes an hour to get there by bus. 乘公交车到那儿要花一个小时。
9. There is a lot of traffic and pollution. 交通拥挤，污染严重。
10.It is clear that Arnwick needs more schools, buses and hospitals. 显然，阿恩威克需要更多的学校、公交车和医院。
11.In fact, water use is growing more than twice as fast as the world’s population！ 实际上，用水的增速是世界人口增速的两倍多！
语法点睛
冠词；数词
课文再现
Parkville used to be a quiet village. Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with 200,000 people. People from Parkville moved to Arnwick to find jobs. The government built ats outside the centre. Parkville became part of Arnwick and Arnwick became a city with more than a million people. It is very crowded, and rubbish is also a problem. Arnwick needs more schools, buses and hospitals. It needs fresh air, clean water and better public services. It needs more police to protect its people.
模块专题聚焦
巧品语法　
语法精讲
冠词
命题情报
冠词是中考的常见考点，综观历年中考试题，对冠词的考查主要集中在定冠词the和不定冠词a/an的选择、名词前不用冠词以及习语中冠词的用法。对冠词用法的考查，大多以选择题的形式出现，也会出现在任务型阅读或情景交际中。
概念 冠词是限定词的一种，不能单独使用， 常用于修饰名词。冠词有三种形式：不 定冠词a/an，定冠词the和零冠词(即不使 用冠词)。
1 不定冠词
不定冠词用来修饰可数名词单数，指人或物中 的某一个或某一类，但不具体说明是何人或何物。
注意：a与an的用法不同。a用在以辅音音素开 头的单词前，如a city, a university student；an用在 以元音音素开头的单词前，如an egg, an hour。
(1)用于第一次提到的某人或某物前。
This is an apple. 这是一个苹果。
Shanghai is a big city. 上海是一座大城市。
(2)表示“每一”的概念，相当于every。
I have eight lessons a day. 我每天有八节课。
I go to the cinema once a month. 我每个月去看一次电影。
(3)用在某些固定短语中。
have a good time 玩得愉快
in a hurry 匆匆忙忙
have a break 休息
a lot of 许多
have a look 看一看
2 定冠词
(1)修饰前文提到过的人或物，或特指某人或某物。
The man in red is their teacher.
那位穿红色衣服的男士是他们的老师。
(2)用于谈话双方都知道的人或物前。
The nights are getting longer. 夜越来越长。
(3)用于序数词或形容词最高级之前。
In our class, Tony is the tallest student.
在我们班，托尼是最高的学生。
(4)用于世界上独一无二的事物之前。
We live on the earth.
我们生活在地球上。
(5)用在江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词或由普通名词 构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall 长城
(6)用于表示方位的名词前。
Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。
(7)用在西方乐器名词的前面。
I can play the piano. 我会弹钢琴。
(8)在某些形容词前加定冠词，表示一类人或物。
the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the old 老年人
(9)用于姓氏复数形式前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇 二人”。
The Blacks are travelling. 布莱克一家正在旅游。
(10)用在某些固定短语中。
in the morning 在早上 on the beach 在海滩上
3 零冠词
(1)在球类运动、学科名称或节日、月份、星期 前不用冠词。
I like playing football. 我喜欢踢足球。
(2)已有指示代词、物主代词或数词作定语的名词前 不用冠词。 That handbag is on the desk. 那个手提包在书桌上。
(3)在某些固定词组和习惯用语中不用冠词。
at night 在夜间 in trouble 处于麻烦中
注意：在某些词组中，名词前用冠词与不用冠词的 意义有所不同。
go to church 去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂
in class 在课堂上 in the class 在班级中
in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院里(工作)
in front of 在……(外部)的前面
in the front of 在……(内部)的前面
数词
命题情报
对数词的考查主要体现在数词的构成、表达方式及具 体用法，多在单项选择题中设题。
1 千位数以上基数词的写法以及读法
千位数以上的基数词，从数字的右端向左 端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始，第一个“,”前的数字后读thousand，第二个“,” 前的数字后读million，第三个“,”前的数字后读 billion；然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最 大的数为百位数形式。
145,345,000　one hundred and forty-five million, three hundred and forty-five thousand
378,900,500　three hundred and seventy-eight million, nine hundred thousand and five hundred
2 分数表示法
(1)分数是由基数词和序数词一起构成的。基数词作 分子，序数词作分母，分子大于“1”时，分母要 用复数形式。
1/3 one third　 2/3 two thirds　 3/5 three fifths
(2)当分数后面接可数名词时，如果分数表示的值 大于1，名词用复数形式；如果小于1，名词用单数 形式。
3/2 metres 一又二分之一米 1/2 metre 二分之一米
考点直击
Ⅰ. 用冠词a, an或the填空
1. He bought ________ English-Chinese dictionary this morning. _________ dictionary is very good.
2. We are going to __________ Great Wall tomorrow.
3. Open _________ window, please.
an
The
the　
the　
4. Beijing is __________ capital of China.
5. Which is_________ biggest , ________ sun, _______ earth
or ________ moon
the
the the the
the
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. |福州中考|—Do you often play ________ piano
—Yes. I want to be ________ musician like Lang Lang.
A. the; a B. a; the C. the; an
A
2. |广安中考|Tom has ________ egg and a glass of milk for
________ breakfast every day.
A. an; / B. an; the C. a; / D. a; the
A
3. |河南中考|Mr. Smith is ________ old man and he usually
walks his dog after _______ supper.
A. a; the B. an; a
C. an; / D. the; /
C
4. |内江中考|—I’m looking for _______ English book. Have you
seen one
—Yes. I saw one just now on ______ desk over there.
A. /；the B. an；the
C. the；a D. an；/
B
5. |聊城中考|—Look! Who is _____ beautiful girl in red
—Oh. She is my deskmate.
A. a B. an
C. the D. /
C
6. |广东中考|________ new study says that going to_______
bed late is harmful to our health.
A. /; / B. A; /
C. A; the D. The; the
B
7. |凉山中考| Kate is a schoolgirl. She got many presents on her
______birthday.
A. nine B. the ninth
C. ninetieth D. ninth
8. |重庆A中考|Helen loves reading. She has read ______ books
this month.
A. five B. fifth
C. five of D. fifth of
D
A
9. |黔南中考|—Jane, I found _______ umbrella. Is it yours
—No, it’s Mike’s. Mine is ______third one on the shelf.
A. a; an B. an; the
C. the; a D. a; the
B
10. |株洲中考|December is _______ and last month of the year.
A. the twelfth B. twelfth C. the twelve
A
11. |黄冈中考|—How many friends will come to your ______ birthday
　 —About _______ .
A. fifteen; fifteen B. fifteenth; fifteenth
C. fifteen; fifteenth D. fifteenth; fifteen
12. |绥化中考|—What’s five and seven
—It’s ______ .
A. twelve B. twenty C. thirty-five
D
A
13. |龙东中考| ______ of the girls will join the summer camp to visit
England.
A. Three fives B. Third fifths C. Three fifths
C
14. |济南中考|—How many American students came to visit your
school yesterday
—Nine. Five are from New York, and the other _____ are from
Boston.
A. two B. three
C. four D. five
C
15. |张家界中考| A quarter to four is ______ .
A. 3:15 B. 3:45 C. 4:15
B
描述人口问题
本模块以“人口”为话题，通过谈论人口过多所导致的交通拥挤、环境 污染、能源短缺等问题来培养同学们的社会意识，使同学们了解地球资源日 益紧张的现状，培养其在生活中发现问题、思考问题、解决问题的能力。
妙解写作 　　　　　　
写 作 案 例
你所在的城市人口多吗？不断增长的人口引起了哪些问题？你对此有什么想法？请写一篇80词左右的短 文。短文中要包含以下几点：
1. 现在，人口数量相比过去有明显的增长；
2. 人口的增长带来越来越多的污染，因为路上交通工具太多了；
3. 空气越来越不干净、不新鲜，垃圾到处都是，有非常难闻的气味；
4. 许多河流和湖泊被工厂污染了，许多鱼死了；
5. 建议政府做更多的事情来保护环境，我们每个人也都应该保护环境，这是我们的责任。
素 材 积 累
词汇库
population 人口 large 大的；多的 increase 增长
noisy 吵闹的 crowded 拥挤的 reason 原因
environment 环境 traffic 交通 rubbish 垃圾 government 政府
短语箱
the reason of ……的原因 too much 太多
try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力
protect the environment 保护环境 as well 也
句式链
①I live in a small city, but the population...
我住在一座小城市里，但是人口……
②With more and more people here, there is...
随着这里的人越来越多，有……
③There is too much traffic...So the streets are...
有太多车辆……所以街道是……
④I think the government should...And everyone should do his best
to care for the environment because protecting the environment
is everyone’s duty. 我认为政府应该……并且每个人应该尽自己
最大的努力保护环境，因为保护环境是每个人的职责。
五 步 妙 解
审
体裁 记叙文 话题 介绍人口情况及人口
增长带来的问题
时态 一般现在时 人称 第三人称
段落 布局 开头：概括介绍。 主体：分别介绍人口增长带来的问题。 结尾：发表观点，提出倡议。 谴
(1)The population is becoming _____________ (越来越多).
(2)There is ____________ (越来越多的) pollution.
larger and larger
more and more
模
概括介绍
分别介绍人 口增长带来 的问题
发表观点， 提出倡议
I think the government should… And everyone should… because protecting the environment is everyone’s duty.
I live in a small city, but the population...
With more and more people here, there is... There is too much traffic...So the streets are...
Rubbish is...It’s very smelly...The rivers and lakes...Many fish...
I live in a small city, but the population is becoming larger and larger. With more and more people here, there is more and more pollution. There is too much traffic in the streets. So the streets are very noisy and crowded every day and the air is also polluted by the factories. What’s more, rubbish is everywhere. It’s very smelly. Rivers and lakes are also polluted. Many fish have already died as well.
润
I think the government should do something to protect the environment. And everyone should do his best to care for the environment because protecting the environment is everyone’s duty.
点
1. 该篇文章语句流畅，要点齐全，过渡自然，分别介绍了人口增长带来的问题。结尾发表观点，提出 倡议。
2. 灵活运用了以下句式：...there is more and more..., ...everyone should do his best to...
小 试 身 手
假设你是Daming，经过调查，你对你家乡的人口情况有了一定的了解。现在根据下列提示，写一篇 短文介绍一下你家乡的人口情况。70词左右。
1. 你的家乡为A市。
2. 该市目前的人口大约为150万，但人口仍在不断地增长。
3. 人口的增长主要有以下两个原因：(1)新生婴儿的增加；(2)流动人口的增加。
4. 人口增长给交通及环境都带来了压力。
One possible version：
City A is my home town. It is in the south of China. The population of it is about 1，500，000. This is too large already, but it is still growing. One reason is that about 10，000 babies are born every year. What's more, many people from City B move to my home town to find jobs.All these make the population increase quickly. The population increase has been a big problem in my home town. It makes traffic heavier, pollutes our environment and brings many other problems. The air pollution and water pollution are becoming worse and worse.
“固定搭配法”解完形填空题
“固定搭配法”即利用固定短语、固定句式及习惯表达等得到正确的答案。我们平时应该积累常见的 固定搭配，做题时根据语境选择最合适的答案。单词只有在句子中才能体现明确的意义和用法。在阅读过程 中，遇到生单词时应该列出该词的各种意义、常见词组、例句和习语，并尽量尝试运用。
培优课堂　　　　　　
【典例】
There are many kinds of pollution around us, 1 air pollution，soil pollution，noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad 2 our health in many ways.
【题目】2. A . to B. in C. for D. at
【解析】快速浏览文章，了解文章大意：我们周围有多种污染，……噪声污染和光污染。它们在许多方面对 我们的健康有害。浏览选项，根据固定搭配be bad for(对……有害) 得出此题选C。
【答案】 C
谢 谢 观 看！