牛津上海版英语八年级上册 Unit2 Work and Play 讲义

U2 Work and Play
重要单词
1 similar adj. 类似的 2 successful adj. 成功的
3 popular adj. 受欢迎的 4 responsible adj. 负责的
5 boring adj. 没趣的 6 simple adj. 简单的
7 usual adj. 通常的 8 physical adj. 身体的
9 luckily adv. 幸运地 10 seldom adv. 不常；很少
11 business n. 生意；公司 12 whizz-kid n. 神童
13 sale n. 销售；出售 14 client n. 客户
15 exam n. 考试 16 energy n. 能量
17 cell n. 细胞 18 force n. （物理）力
19 heat n. 热 20 article n. 文章
21 expect v. 预料；预期 22 achieve v. 获得
23 fail v. 失败 24 return v. 回来（去）
25 attend v. 出席；参加 26 assist v. 帮助
27 continue v. 继续 28 repeat v. 重复
29 explain v. 解释；说明
重要短语
1.succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth 成功做什么
2.in our daily life 在日常生活中
3.once or twice a week 一周一两次
4.be different from... 与……不同
5.be the same as... 与……相同
6.expect to do sth. 期待做某事
7.find out the truth 找出真相
8.must be one of the top students 肯定是尖子生之一
can’t be(否定推测) 不可能是
9.be similar to... 与……相似
10.put on my school uniform 穿上校服
11.have a family business 有一个家族企业
12.be popular with young people 在年轻人中很受欢迎
13.the manager of the company 公司经理
manage the company 经营公司
14.be responsible for=be in charge of=take charge of 对……负责
be in the charge of 在……掌管之下
15.in one’s own car 乘某人自己的车
16.drive me to school 开车送我去学校
17.make phone calls to sb =call /telephone/phone sb 给某人打电话
18.on the way to school(home) 在去学校/回家的路上
19. achieve A grades in all my subjects 各门学科都得A
20. discuss the business over breakfast 早餐期间讨论公司业务
21.fail (in)= not pass=be not able to pass an exam 在考试中不及格
22.collect me from school=pick me up from school 从学校接我
23.join a club 加入一个俱乐部
24.have a meeting 举行一次会议
25. attend Computer Club meetings 出席电脑俱乐部会议
26. ask me to assist them 请我帮助他们
27. continue doing something=go on doing something 继续做某事
continue to do something 继续做另外一件事
28.take us to visit interesting places 带我们去参观有趣的地方
29.never get bored 从未感到厌倦
30. repeat the answer to the question 重复问题的答案
31.need much sleep 需要很多睡眠
32.live a healthy life 过健康的生活
33. do physical exercise 进行身体锻炼
词性转换:
原词 可能的变形
business n. 生意，公司 businessman n. 男商人 businesswoman n. 女商人
successful adj. 成功的 success n. 成功 succeed v. 成功
luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 unlucky adj. 不幸的 luckily adv. 幸运地 unluckily adv. 不幸地
responsible adj. 负责的 responsibility n. 责任 irresponsible adj. 不负责的
boring adj. 令人无聊的 bored adj. 感到无聊的
assist v. 帮助 assistant n. 助手
fail v. 失败 failure n. 失败
explain v. 解释 explanation n. 解释
energy n. 能量 energetic adj. 充满活力的
usual adj.通常的 usually adv. 经常 unusual adj. 不寻常的
sale n. 销售 sell v. 卖
relax v放松 relaxing adj. 令人放松的 relaxed adj. 感到放松的
discuss v. 讨论 discussion n. 讨论
manage v. 管理 manager n. 经理
hot adj. 热的 heat n. 热
perform v. 表演 performance n. 演出 performer n. 表演者
jog v. 慢跑 jogging n. 慢跑者
begin v. 开始 beginning n. 开始
随堂小测练：
1. Her family members all work in her . (business)
2. If you want to be (success), you should work hard.
3. If you are free, I would like to go travelling with you the winter holidays. (duration)
4. , the boy won the first prize. (luck)
5. The police is (responsibility) for keeping the city safe.
6. I feel sleepy when I see the (bored) film.
7. The businessman needs an (assist) to help him with a lot of work.
8. Don’t be afraid of (fail).
9.I have known the truth. You needn’t _______________ (explanation) any more.
10. After getting enough food, the player are becoming (energy).
11. Today the meeting will be held on the third floor, as (usually).
12. The shop assistant often (sale) beautiful clothes to the customers.
13. I find it (relax) to listen active music.
14.Everything is ready. Let's have a _______________ (discuss) about the outgoing.
15.Finally, I tried my best to fix the machines _______________ (successful).
16.Simon is the _______________ (manage) of his company.
17.Everything on the Earth gets _______________ (hot) from the sun.
18.Luckily, David _______________ (performance)well in the contest.
19.He is the best _______________ (perform) in the play.
20._______________ is a good activity for old people. (jog)
21.At the _______________ (begin) of the meeting, all the people stand up to sing a song.
同义句转换:
【U2同义句转换】
1. return = come/go back return = give back
He returned to his hometown after leaving school.
= He __________ __________ to his hometown after leaving school.
Mary returned her books to the library. = Mary__________ __________her books to the library.
2. not the same as = different from
Wendy is not the same as most other students.
= Wendy is ____________ ____________ most other students.
3. after… = not …until…
Susan went to bed after the TV play was over.
= Susan ____________ go to bed ____________ the TV play was over.
My daughter began to learn cooking when she was 14.
= My daughter ____________ begin to learn cooking ____________ she was 14.
4. be responsible for sth./doing sth. = be in charge of sth./doing sth.
Our class teacher is responsible for us. = Our class teacher is _________ ________ _______us.
5. fail = not pass
Unluckily, he failed the exam last week. = Unluckily, he ________ _______the exam last week.
6. telephone/phone sb. = make phone calls to sb.
Mary sometimes telephones the clients to ask about the questions.
= Mary sometimes __________phone calls __________ the clients to ask about the questions.
7. continue doing sth. = go on doing sth.
After a break, she continued speaking. = After a break, she __________ __________ speaking.
8. pick up sb. = collect sb.
I collect the children from school. = I ____________ ____________ the children from school.
I will pick you up at the park gate. = I will ____________ ____________ at the park gate.
9. seldom = not often
They seldom hear the twins sing the song at school.
= They ____________ ____________ hear the twins sing the song at school.
10. relax = have a rest = take a break
I return to my home and relax for an hour.
= I return to my home and ____________ a ____________ for an hour.
= I return to my home and ____________ a ____________for an hour.
11. Don’t do sth. = You had better not do sth.
Please don’t smoke in the room. = You _________ _________ _________smoke in the room.
12. What’s the matter with sb. = What’s wrong with sb. = What’s the problem with sb.
What’s the matter with you = What’s_________with you = What’s the ________with you
13. kind = be friendly to do sth
He is a kind person. He likes helping others.
= He is a kind person. He is always ____________ to ____________ others.
14. assist sb. with sth. = help sb. with sth.
My classmates often ask me to assist them with their study.
= My classmates often ask me to ____________ them ____________ their study.
15. too adj. for sb. to do sth. = so adj that +句子（否定）= not adj.（反义）enough for sb.to do
Mike is very young. He can’t drive a car.
= Mike is ____________ young ____________ drive a car.
= Mike is ____________ old ____________ to drive a car.
= Mike is ____________ young ____________ he can’t drive a car.
He was so angry that he could say nothing. = He was __________angry to say __________.
重要语法
八大时态的表达形式：
八大时态时间状语：
一般现在时：always/often/ usually/sometimes/never，every，once a week，on Sundays，in the
morning…
一般过去时：yesterday, just now, last..., in 2008,...ago,the day before yesterday,this morning…
一般将来时：tomorrow, next day(…), soon, the day after tomorrow，in+时间段.,in(the) future等
现在进行时：now, look, listen, at the moment, it’s+时刻,right now,at present,these days,Be
quiet!/Don't talk,at 7:30 in the morning(准确的现在时间)
过去进行时：
1) 时间点+过去时（at 8:00 yesterday）
2)时间段+过去时（from 7 to 9 last night）
3)at that time， the whole morning，(at) this time yesterday...
4)也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。
5)when/while引导的时间状语从句中
过去将来时：该时态常用于宾语从句中, 主句的谓语动词常常是过去时，从句时态是将来时。
现在完成时：already（已经）, yet（尚且没有）never（从不）, ever（曾经）, just, before,since,for
so far（迄今为止）, up to now=up till now（到目前为止),recently/,lately（最近）,in
the past/last+过去的时间，频率副词（often, sometimes...）,表示次数（once,twice...）
过去完成时：
(1). By the time sb. did sth.
(2). When/After sb. did sth.(动作有先后发生的顺序)
(3). Before sb. did sth.
随堂小测练：
1.I will return the book to the library because I reading it.(finish)
2.She often (do)her homework in the evening, but she TV yesterday.(watch)
3.He told me he her with her maths the next evening.(help)
4.He in a minute. Ask someone else to do it. (leave)
5.-Where were you in July last year -This time last year my family and I Beijing.(visit)
6.He said that the earth round the sun. (go)
7.By the time we got to the cinema, the film on for five minutes.(be)
8.The two friends each other since 1985. (see)
9.-Excuse me, where is Lily -Oh, she the volleyball match on the playground. (watch)
10.When they got to the station, the bus already .