中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
单元小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
both(adj.＆ pron.)两个；两个都
【观察】Both women are French. 那两个女人都是法国人。
Both of them are not free this weekend.
这个周末他们两个人都没有空。
【探究】both作形容词或代词，意为“两个；两个都”，修饰或指代两个人或事物。both作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【同步辨析】both, either, neither, all与none
both 代词，用于两者，表示“两者都”，常位于be动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。常用于：both of+人称代词或 both of+ the/these/my...+ 名词 You are both right. 你们两个都对。
连词，常构成短语：both...and...,意为“两者都...”
all 用于三者或三者以上，表示“都，一切”，作主语，笼统地表示所有人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式;笼统地表示所有事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，常用于“all of...”结构 All are here. 所有人都在这儿。All is silent. 万籁俱寂。
none 表示三者或三者以上的人或物都不，常用于“none of...” 结构
either 副词，常构成短语： either...or..., 意为 “要么...要么...”
代词，意为“两者任一”，常用于：either of + 名词/代词
neither 副词，常构成短语：neither...nor..., 意为 “既不...也不...”
代词，意为 “两者都不”，常用于：neither of + 名词 / 代词的复数
Both he and his wife enjoy tennis. 他和他的妻子都喜欢网球。
Either you or your sister has to stay at home and take care of your sick mother.
要么你要么你姐姐必须待在家里照顾你们生病的妈妈。
Neither medicine nor rest can help him. 药物和休息都无法帮助到他。
All of us are from China. 我们都来自中国。
I like none of the books. 这些书我都不喜欢。
【典例分析】
1.—Would you like some juice or coffee —________is OK. I really don't care.
A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither
2. —Would you like some juice or coffee —________is OK. I really like some tea.
A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither
3.—I don't like such TV programmes. They are too boring.
—________. It's a waste(浪费) of time.
A. Me neither B. I'm sorry C. The same to you D. That's OK
4.用both，all，either与neither填空
1）.________the two boys__________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
2）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
3）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都不聪明
4）.There are flowers on ___________ sides of the road. 路边长满了野花。
5）.There are flowers on ________ side of the road. 路边长满了野花。
6）. _________ the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。
7）. ________of us are from China.我们都来自中国。
8）. Her parents are ____________doctors.她父母都是医生。
9）.The two coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them.那两件外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
10）. All the coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them. 所有的外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
5.完成句子not only ….. but also neither……nor either…… or both……and
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
2．他和我还没有看过这部电影。
__________ he ___________ I __________ ____________ the film yet.
3. 只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。
There is only one ticket. ________ Jack ________ you will go to the fashion show.
4. 肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。
_________ Kent _________ the children wanted to go to the zoo.
5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
6, 只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。
There is only one seat, ________ you _______ I can go.
要点2 win
win为动词，意为“赢、获胜”，
例：We are sure to win the game.我们确信能赢得比赛。
【考点】辨析win和beat
① win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜，后常跟game， race， prize等表示“物”的词。
例：Tom won first prize in the writing competition.汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖
② beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody， class等表示“人”的词。
例：They beat us in the basketball match last Monday. 上周一他们在篮球比赛中打败我们。
【典例分析】
1.在最后，我们获得了比赛胜利！
At last，we ________ the game！
2.他竭尽全力击败他的朋友并获得了比赛的胜利
He tried his best to_________ his friend and __________ the game！
3.Xu Haifeng ________ the first gold ________ in Olympic Games for China.
A. gets; medal B. won; symbol
C. got; prize D. won; medal
4.Their football team was in that important game.
A. won B. beaten C. failed D. beat
5. Did New Jersey Nets________ Miami Heat
—No, they were________．
A．lose; beaten B．win; lost C．beat; beaten D．lose; beat
6. He did as his teacher told him and ________ first place in the exam.
A. won B. beat C. lost D. win
7. —Which team _______ the match, Team One or Team Two
—Team One _______ Team Two.
A. won; won B. beat; beat
C. beat; won D. won; beat
8. This year we trained harder, we shouldn’t ________________ to the other team.
A. win B. beat C. lose D. defeat
要点3 aloud
aloud adv.大声地
【考点】aloud为副词，修饰动词，意为“大声地”。
Read the text aloud, please. 请大声读课文。
【重点】aloud/loud/loudly辨析
aloud aloud为副词，强调发出的声音能被听见，常与read，call等词连用。 She called aloud for help.她大声呼救。
loud loud可用作形容词或副词，作副词时，侧重发出的声音大，传得远，多修饰speak，laugh sing等动词。 The music is too loud. Please turn it down.音乐声太大了。请把它调小。
loudly loudly为副词，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意，常与ring，knock等动词连用。 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.突然墙上的铃大声响起来。
◆Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。
◆Don’t talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。
◆in a loud voice 高声地
◆Speak louder, please. I can’t hear you clearly.
◆He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
【典例分析】
1. 用aloud, loud或loudly填空
(1)Please read the text ________ so that all of us can hear you clearly.
(2)The girl told us an interesting story in a ________ voice.
(3)The alarm rang so ________ that I shut it right away.
2. The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.
A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud
3.Don’t speak so __________, my boys, I’ll read ________ a story to you.
A. loudly; aloud B. loudly; loudly C. aloud; loudly D. loud; loudly
要点4 Break
break(v.)打破；打碎；折断(n.)停顿；休息
作动词时,既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。意为“(使)破裂；(使)破坏；损坏”
The boy broke the window this morning. 今天早上那个男孩打破了窗户。
作名词时，意为“停顿；休息”
Andrew didn't spend his last spring break relaxing. 安德鲁并没有休最后一个春假。
【同步拓展】
break into 破门而入；强行闯入 break down 垮掉；出故障
break off (使)分离；停止；中断 take breaks/a break休息
break out (战争，不愉快事件)爆发，突然发生 break up 结束；破碎
【典例分析】
1. His race car ________ halfway. He had to give up the race.
A．broke out B．broke into C．broke up D．broke down
要点5
care(v.)在意；担忧；关心
【观察】He didn't pass the exam, but he didn't seem to care. 他考试没有及格，但他似乎不在意。
I don't care what sports he likes. 我不在意他喜欢什么运动。
【探究】care意为“在意；担忧；关心”，可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。当作 及物动词时，其后通常跟宾语从句。
【拓展】(1)care还可以作名词，意为“在意；关心”。
Children need our care. 孩子们需要我们的关心。
要点6 laugh
laugh(v.)笑；发笑 (n.)笑声
【观察】He often tells jokes to me and makes me laugh.
他经常给我讲笑话，逗我笑。
He told a joke and we all had a good laugh. 他讲了个笑话，我们都笑了。
【探究】laugh通常作不及物动词，意为“笑；发笑”。laugh还可以作名词，意为“笑声”，通常作可数名词。
【拓展】laugh at 嘲笑
You shouldn't laugh at him. 你不应该嘲笑他。
【辨析】laugh 与smile
laugh 表示因喜悦、愉快或轻视等情绪而出声地大笑，既有面部表情，也有声音。 laugh at..... 意为 “嘲笑.....”
smile 表示“微笑”，侧重面部表情，并不发出声音。 smile at....意为“向.....微笑”
【典例分析】
1.不要嘲笑她，你应该面带微笑向她致意。
Don't _____________her and you should greet her with a __________.
2.用smile 和laugh填空
1）People tend to remember things that make them _________.
2）When she saw me she gave me a big__________.
要点7 similar
similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：
His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。
I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。
【拓展】
（1）look like意为“看起来像……” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：
He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。
It looks like it’s going to rain soon. 天看起来要下雨。
（2）take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：
She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。
Adam was my grandfather and I took after him. 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像。
【典例分析】
1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.
A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from
2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures
—The difference Oh, no. They look quite .
A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting
3. Dona is ________ to her mother in many ways. For example, they are both tall and thin.
A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar
4.他长得像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
5. 他看起来像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
6.马莉在很多方面与她爸爸相似。
Mary________ ________ ________ her father in many ways.
要点8
make 在此处是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式，make sb. do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let，have等。例如：
The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。
They made us forget the past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。
【拓展】
make作“使……”讲时，还可用make+ 宾语 + 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth. +adj./n.。类似的词还有keep等。例如：
What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。
Don’t keep the door open. 别把门开着。
We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。
【重点】 make是使役动词，后常接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。下列动词（词组）也可接不带to的动词不定式作宾补：
【典例分析】
1.The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.
A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D.to laugh
2. Loud music makes me ________ to leave the shop.
A. want B. wanted C. wants D. to want
3.I didn’t see you _______ in. You must have been very quiet.
A. comes B. to come C. come D. have come
4. The good news made all of us ________.
A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. happiest
5 Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made _____by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
6.我的宠物常常使我高兴。
My pet often ________ _______ _________.
7.昨天我们选他当班长。
We ________ ________ ________ yesterday.
要点9
(1)as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。从句可以置于主句前，用逗号隔开，也可以放到主句后。如果主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。
As long as it doesn't rain, we will go there. 只要不下雨，我们就会去那里。
as long as还可意为“既然；和....一样长；达.....之久”
As long as you are going, I'll go.既然你要去，那么我也去。
The river is as long as that one. 这条河和那条河一样长。
You can stay for as long as you want.你想待多久就待多久。
【典例分析】
1.—What's your opinion on friends
—They are like books. We don't need a lot of them they're good.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if
要点10
It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很adj.
这里的adj.是to do sth.的属性, 是用来形容to do sth.的
It’s difficult for you to deal with the problem.
注：若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.
It’s very kind of you to help me.
It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb,这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
【典例分析】
1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question.
A．for; to answer B．of; to answer C．for; answer
2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo．
A．for us taking B．of us to take C．of us taking D．for us to take
3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。
________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone.
4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。
________ _________ _________ them to kill the wild animals.
7.能设计这么好的计划，他很聪明。
It’s __________ __________ him _________ work out such a good plan.
要点11
other， the other， others， the others， another
other 泛指，“另外的;其他的”，作形容词/代词。做定语，修饰名词。常用于：each other结构 “互相，彼此 He is cleverer than all the other children in the class.他比班上其他的孩子都聪明。We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects.我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他科目。
the other 两者中的另一者,one...the other...意为“一个...另一个...”;之后也可接数词/复数名词，特指“其他的” I have two pencils. One is red; the other is green.我有两支铅笔，一支是红色的，另一支是绿色的。
others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”，剩余的另一些(并非全部)，与some对比使用时，表示“有的...,有的...” A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing.许多人在公园里，一些在唱歌，另一些在跳舞。
the others 剩余的全部，特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”，是 the other 的复数形式，相当于“the other+复数名词” I go swimming every afternoon while the others play tennis.每天下午我去游泳，而其他人打网球。
another 泛指三个/三个以上同类事物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词 I don’t like this one. Please show me another.我不喜欢这一个，请让我看看另一个。
特别注意：other others the others another的区别（口诀：有名无S，有the 有范围）
a，先记住这些搭配
one … the other 一个…… 另一个（两个）
one …. the others 一个…….另一些
some … some ….others
b， another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
c， the other 和the others 表一定范围内另一个，另一些。注意文中有范围，相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。
d，others 和the others后不接名词。
【典例分析】
1.—Shall we meet at 8 o'clock next Sunday morning？
—I won't be free then. Let's make it day.
A. other B. another C. the other
2.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:
1） I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.
2） I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.
3） I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.
4） Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.
5） We should save money to help ______________ poor children.
6） Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping
7）Where are my ________ books
8）I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one
9）Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.
10）In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan
要点12
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A．the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
2. We have the same amount of apples __________ they do.
A. from B. like C. as D. for
3. —Are the pictures the same
—They are __________. Picture A is a little smaller than Picture B.
A. different B. different from C. the same D. the same as
4. The Earth is __________ the Sun in size.
A. like B. the same as C. different from D. look like
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ my brother.
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The color of his cloth __________ _________ __________ ________
要点13
That's Tara, isn't it 那是塔拉，对吗
【探究】该句为反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+附加问句”构成，遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的结构原则。它用于征询意见，或者希望陈述句所表达的内容得到证实。反意疑问句的答语应符合事实，事实是肯定的用yes,事实是否定的用no。
肯定的陈述句+否定的附加问句
-Jim likes listening to music, doesn't he 吉姆喜欢听音乐，是吧
-Yes, he does. 是的，她喜欢。
-Lucy is good at swimming , isn't she 露西擅长游泳，是吧？
-No, she isn't. 不，她不擅长。
否定的陈述句+肯定的附加问句
-Li Lei didn't go to school yesterday, did he 李磊昨天没有去上学，是吧？
-Yes, he did. 不，他去了。
-He isn't a student, is he 他不是学生，对吧？
-No, he isn't. 是的，他不是。
【备注】当反意疑问句的结构为“前否后肯”时，回答yes或no与汉语习惯正好相反。这种省略回答yes要译成“不；不是”；no要译成“是；是的”。
【典例分析】
1. It’s a lovely day, ______
A. isn’t it B. wasn’t it C. doesn’t it D. hasn’t it
2. He was not careful enough, _______
A. did he B. had he C. does he D. was he
3.They can’t finish the work on time, ______
A could they B. couldn’t they C. can they D. can’t they
4. They have to wash their clothes by themselves, ______
haven’t they B. mustn’t they C. won’t they D. don’t they
5. Don’t forget to lock the door, _______
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you
要点13
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
be good for对有好处
be good for的反义词组为 be bad for（对……不利；对……有害）
★ Enough sleep is good for our health.充足的睡眠对我们的健康有益
★ Eating vegetables is good for you.吃蔬菜对你有好处。
【易混辨析】
be good for... 对……有好处 后接表示人或物的名词
be good to... 对……友善 后接表示人的名词
be good at... 擅长…… 后接名词、代词或动名词
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
【典例分析】
1. This kind of food will be ______you, and if you keep on eating it, you will be healthier.
A. good to B. good at C. good for D. good with
2.用be good （to at for with）填空。
1）Exercising ____________our health.
2）Chinese_____________ foreigners.
3）Tony___________ skiing.
4）He___________ children.
【重点词组】
1. both... and... ……和……都
2. win the singing competition 赢得歌唱比赛
3. be talented in music 在音乐方面天赋
4 do the same things as me与我做相同的事
5. be good at sports 擅长运动
6. truly care about me 真正关心我
7. make me laugh 使我发笑
8. a good listener 一个好的倾听者
9. as long as 只要
10. be different from... 与……不同
11. bring out 使显现；使表现出
12. in fact 事实上
13. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物
14. be similar to... 与……相似
15. get/have good grades in English英语成绩好
16. be good with children善于同孩子打交道
【重点句式】
1. Sam has longer hair than Tom.
＝Sam's hair is longer than Tom's.
萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。
2. She also sings more loudly than Tara.
她唱歌也比塔拉响亮。
3. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.
蒂娜比塔拉更外向。
4. Tara works as hard as Tina.
塔拉与蒂娜学习一样努力。
5. Nelly danced better than Lisa.
内莉跳舞比莉萨好。
6. The most important thing is to learn something new.
最重要的事情是学一些新的东西。
7. A good friend is like a mirror.
好朋友就像一面镜子。
8. That's why I like reading books and I study harder in class.
这便是我喜欢看书，且在班上学习更加努力的原因。
9. I'm shy, so it's not easy for me to make friends.
我害羞，所以对我来说交朋友不易。
10. I think friends are like books—you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
我认为朋友就像书——不在多而贵在好。
11. I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.
我并不很在乎我的朋友和我一样还是不同。
12. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.
我最好的朋友(能够)帮我激发出自己的所能。
13. My favorite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”
我最喜欢的格言是：“一个真正的朋友是在需要时给你帮助，使你感动。”
14. We can talk about and share everything.
我们可以谈论和分享一切。
15. She's always there to listen.
她随时准备倾听。
形容词和副词的比较级
一、定义
比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。
二、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。
This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。
Who is taller, Lily or Lucy 莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
Believe me, you really look much better than before. 相信我，你看起来真的比以前好多了。
He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。
They went there a little later than others. 他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。
It’s even bigger than an island. 它甚至比一座岛屿都大。
He is far stronger than his brother. 他比他哥哥强壮得多。
四、比较级的句型
1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B
This cake is nicer than that one. 这个蛋糕比那个好。
2.A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B
I work harder than my brother. 我比我弟弟学习刻苦。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who is taller, Tim or Tom
谁更高，蒂姆还是汤姆？
【注意】在含有than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
Tina's hair is shorter than mine. 蒂娜的头发比我的短。
五、比较级的常考结构
1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”若比较级由more构成，则用“more and more+原级”结构。
Our life gets better and better. 我们的生活变得越来越好了。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽了。
2.“The+比较级...，the+比较级....”表示“越……，就越……”。
The harder you study, the more you know. 你学习越努力,你知道得就越多。
The more carefully you do, the more you will do. 你做得越认真,做得就会越好。
【注意】在比较级前面有时会用一些表示比较程度的副词或短语，如much，a lot，a little，even，far等。
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天更冷。
表示"两者之间比较....的一个(of the two)"时,常用"the+比较级"结构.
Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那一个。
【典例分析】
一、写出下列单词的比较级
1.beautiful 2.much/many
3.few 4.little
5.bad/ill 6.long
7.good/well 8.big
9.hot 10.thin
11.fat 12.loudly
13.friendly 14.healthy
15.smart 16.easy
17.easily 18.funny
二、完成句子
1.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In my point of view, English is ________ _________ _________ Chinese.
2. 我姐姐我细心得多。
My sister is __________ _________ __________ than me.
3. 他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。
His mother is very __________. Look! She __________ _________ __________ in the room.
4.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This book _________ ___________ ___________ __________ that one
5. 老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The teacher told us __________ ___________.
6. 那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The park is getting ______ _____ ______ ___________.
7. 雨正变得越来越大。
The rain is becoming _______ _______ _______ .
8. 你吃的越多就越胖。
_____ _____ you eat, ____ _______you will be.
9.这本书比那本书难
The book is _______ _________ _________ that one
10.他的头发比我的长。
His hair is than .
11.那个男孩比班上任何一个学生都高。
That boy is ________ _________student in the class.
12.他比他的哥哥更健壮吗？
he his brother
三、选择填空
1. Please stop to have a rest. I think, to teenagers, health is as __________ as their study.
A. more important B. less important C. the most important D. important
2. -- What do you think of the film you saw yesterday
-- Oh, it's than the movies I have ever seen.
A. interesting B. more interesting
C. the most interesting D. most interesting
3. English is ________ difficult for me to learn than Chinese.
A. much more B. more much
C. very more D. very much
4. —Does Jim get up as _____________ as Alex
—No. He gets up _____________ than Alex.
A. early; early B. earlier; earlier C. early; earlier D. earlier; early
5. The girl doesn’t run ____________ the boy.
A. much faster as B. as faster as
C. more fast than D. so fast as
6. I think it is ____________ older than yesterday.
A. very B. much too C. much D. quite
7. Jack’s ____________ brother is ____________ than him.
A. old; elder B. elder; older C. old; eld D. elder; younger
8 —Can you tell me why you learn English so well
—It’s easy. _________you work, _________grades you can get.
A. The more careful; the best B. The more carefully; the better
C. More carefully; better D. The more careful; the better
本单元的话题是谈论人物的个性特征，本单元的写作题目与描写人物的个性特征相关。写此类短文时，要抓住所比较的人物的特点，从外貌特征(如tall, short, thin, fat, long/short hair等)、个性特点(如outgoing, funny, friendly, hard-working, smart等)等方面来描述。若要进行人物个性特征的比较，则要写出他们的相同点和不同点，并能够正确使用比较级进行表达。语言要精炼、准确，行文要流畅。
【词汇积累】
（一）人物对比类短语
1. 与……不同 ________________________________
2. 与……相像的________________________________
3. 和……相同________________________________
4. 和……一样高________________________________
(二)人物描述类短语
1. 在某方面有天赋________________________________
2. 擅长于________________________________
(三)朋友相处类短语
1. 和某人相处得好________________________________
2. 真正关心我________________________________
3. 分享一切________________________________
4. 使我笑_______________________________
【句子积累】
(一)佳句欣赏与模拟
1. My best friend Larry is quite different from me.
【quite为副词，可以用来修饰形容词，表示程度，意为＂十分＂】
我十分擅长英语。
________________________________________________________________________
2. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
【it’s＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样】
取得好成绩对我来说很容易。
________________________________________________________________________
3. Larry is much less hard-working, though.
【much/a little/a lot＋比较级】
事实上，李明跑步比我快得多。
________________________________________________________________________
(二)表达个人的择友观
1. 在我看来，有相同点是必要的。
In my view, it’s ______________ to be the same.
2. 我真的不介意朋友是与我相同或是不同。
I don’t _____________ ____________ if friends are the same as me or different.
3. 我认为朋友就该像书——你不需要很多，只要他们好就行。
I think friends _____________ _______________ books
— you don’t need a lot of them ______________ ______________ ____________ they’re good.
(三)有用的句式
1.我比我妹妹/姐姐更外向。
2.萨姆的头发比汤姆长。
3.她唱歌也比塔拉声音大。
4.我和蒂娜学习一样努力。
5.彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。
6.我最好的朋友拉里和我很不同。
7.只要他们(朋友)好，你并不需要许多。/(朋友)不在多而贵在好。
8.然而，拉里经常帮我展现出自己最好的一面。
【实战演练】
根据提示，以“My Best Friend and I ”为题写一篇英语短文，比较你俩的特征，至少10句话。除提示外，可适当发挥。
提示：1.我的好友名叫琳达；
2.在某些方面，我们看上去一样；在某些方面，我们看起来不同；
3．我们都有黑眼睛，黑头发；
4.她比我高，比我文静，很认真；
5.我外向一点，而且比她风趣；
6.都喜欢读书。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
单元小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
both(adj.＆ pron.)两个；两个都
【观察】Both women are French. 那两个女人都是法国人。
Both of them are not free this weekend.
这个周末他们两个人都没有空。
【探究】both作形容词或代词，意为“两个；两个都”，修饰或指代两个人或事物。both作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【同步辨析】both, either, neither, all与none
both 代词，用于两者，表示“两者都”，常位于be动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。常用于：both of+人称代词或 both of+ the/these/my...+ 名词 You are both right. 你们两个都对。
连词，常构成短语：both...and...,意为“两者都...”
all 用于三者或三者以上，表示“都，一切”，作主语，笼统地表示所有人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式;笼统地表示所有事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，常用于“all of...”结构 All are here. 所有人都在这儿。All is silent. 万籁俱寂。
none 表示三者或三者以上的人或物都不，常用于“none of...” 结构
either 副词，常构成短语： either...or..., 意为 “要么...要么...”
代词，意为“两者任一”，常用于：either of + 名词/代词
neither 副词，常构成短语：neither...nor..., 意为 “既不...也不...”
代词，意为 “两者都不”，常用于：neither of + 名词 / 代词的复数
Both he and his wife enjoy tennis. 他和他的妻子都喜欢网球。
Either you or your sister has to stay at home and take care of your sick mother.
要么你要么你姐姐必须待在家里照顾你们生病的妈妈。
Neither medicine nor rest can help him. 药物和休息都无法帮助到他。
All of us are from China. 我们都来自中国。
I like none of the books. 这些书我都不喜欢。
【典例分析】
1.—Would you like some juice or coffee —________is OK. I really don't care.
A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither
【答案】B . either指“两者中任意一个”
2. —Would you like some juice or coffee —________is OK. I really like some tea.
A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither
【答案】D neither指“两者都不”
3.—I don't like such TV programmes. They are too boring.
—________. It's a waste(浪费) of time.
A. Me neither B. I'm sorry C. The same to you D. That's OK
【答案】A句意：--我不喜欢这样的电视节目，它们太无聊了。--我也不喜欢，浪费时间。A. Me neither我也不；B. I'm sorry很抱歉；C. The same to you 你也一样； D. That's OK 没关系，根据答句中It's a waste(浪费) of time.可知说话人也不喜欢，故选A。
4.用both，all，either与neither填空
1）.________the two boys__________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
2）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都很聪明。
3）.__________of the two boys ________(be) clever. 两个男孩都不聪明
4）.There are flowers on ___________ sides of the road. 路边长满了野花。
5）.There are flowers on ________ side of the road. 路边长满了野花。
6）. _________ the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。
7）. ________of us are from China.我们都来自中国。
8）. Her parents are ____________doctors.她父母都是医生。
9）.The two coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them.那两件外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
10）. All the coats are cheap, so you can choose _________ of them. 所有的外套不贵，你可以随便挑一件。
【答案】1.Both are 2.Either is 3.Neither is 4.both 5.either 6.All 7.All 8.both 9.either 10.any
5.完成句子not only ….. but also neither……nor either…… or both……and
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
2．他和我还没有看过这部电影。
__________ he ___________ I __________ ____________ the film yet.
3. 只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。
There is only one ticket. ________ Jack ________ you will go to the fashion show.
4. 肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。
_________ Kent _________ the children wanted to go to the zoo.
5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
6, 只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。
There is only one seat, ________ you _______ I can go.
【答案】1.not only but also 2.Neither nor have seen 3.either or 4.Both and 5.Not only but also was
Both and were 6.either or
要点2 win
win为动词，意为“赢、获胜”，
例：We are sure to win the game.我们确信能赢得比赛。
【考点】辨析win和beat
① win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜，后常跟game， race， prize等表示“物”的词。
例：Tom won first prize in the writing competition.汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖
② beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody， class等表示“人”的词。
例：They beat us in the basketball match last Monday. 上周一他们在篮球比赛中打败我们。
【典例分析】
1.在最后，我们获得了比赛胜利！
At last，we ________ the game！
【答案】won win意为“获胜；赢得”，表取得游戏、比赛
2.他竭尽全力击败他的朋友并获得了比赛的胜利
He tried his best to_________ his friend and __________ the game！
【答案】beat won beat意为“打败”，打败某人或者某个集体.后面接“个体”“团队”。
3.Xu Haifeng ________ the first gold ________ in Olympic Games for China.
A. gets; medal B. won; symbol
C. got; prize D. won; medal
【答案】D句意：许海峰在奥运会上给中国队赢得了第一块金牌。gets得到；won赢，是win的过去式；got是get的过去式；medal奖牌；symbol象征，符号；prize奖品。根据句意可知，这里表示“赢得金牌”，故应选D。
4.Their football team was in that important game.
A. won B. beaten C. failed D. beat
【答案】B 本题考查动词辨析。句意:在那次重要的比赛中,他们的足球队被打败了。故选B。
5. Did New Jersey Nets________ Miami Heat
—No, they were________．
A．lose; beaten B．win; lost C．beat; beaten D．lose; beat
【答案】句意：——新泽西网队击败迈阿密热火了吗？——不，他们被打败了。考查动词和语态辨析题。win赢得，宾语一般是比赛或是比赛项目；beat打败，宾语一般是人或比赛的队伍。lose输掉（比赛）/输给（某人），有lose to sb.结构。根据句意，问句宾语Miami Heat是球队，动词不可用win，可排除B项；lose做不及物动词时表示“输掉”，不可直接跟宾语，可排除AD两项。结合句意语境，新泽西网队没有击败迈阿密热火队，而是被对方给击败了。可知选C。
6. He did as his teacher told him and ________ first place in the exam.
A. won B. beat C. lost D. win
【答案】A。win指在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举中获胜， 常跟game， race， prize等表示“物”的词。beat指在运动、比赛等中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，后常跟somebody， class等表示“人”的词
7. —Which team _______ the match, Team One or Team Two
—Team One _______ Team Two.
A. won; won B. beat; beat
C. beat; won D. won; beat
【答案】D句意：哪一个队赢得了比赛的胜利，一队还是二队？——一队击败了二队。充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词；充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。故答案为D。
8. This year we trained harder, we shouldn’t ________________ to the other team.
A. win B. beat C. lose D. defeat
【答案】C句意：今年我们训练的更加刻苦，我们不应该再输给另一个队伍了。考查易混动词辨析。win：赢；获胜（及物动词+比赛、竞赛、游戏、奖品或奖项之类的名词作宾语）；beat：打败；击败（及物动词+人或团队之类的名词作宾语）；lose：输掉；失败（及物动词+比赛、竞赛、游戏奖品或奖项之类的名词作宾语）；根据to the other team；故选C。
要点3 aloud
aloud adv.大声地
【考点】aloud为副词，修饰动词，意为“大声地”。
Read the text aloud, please. 请大声读课文。
【重点】aloud/loud/loudly辨析
aloud aloud为副词，强调发出的声音能被听见，常与read，call等词连用。 She called aloud for help.她大声呼救。
loud loud可用作形容词或副词，作副词时，侧重发出的声音大，传得远，多修饰speak，laugh sing等动词。 The music is too loud. Please turn it down.音乐声太大了。请把它调小。
loudly loudly为副词，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意，常与ring，knock等动词连用。 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.突然墙上的铃大声响起来。
◆Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。
◆Don’t talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。
◆in a loud voice 高声地
◆Speak louder, please. I can’t hear you clearly.
◆He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
【典例分析】
1. 用aloud, loud或loudly填空
(1)Please read the text ________ so that all of us can hear you clearly.
(2)The girl told us an interesting story in a ________ voice.
(3)The alarm rang so ________ that I shut it right away.
【答案】（1）aloud （2）loud （3）loudly
2. The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.
A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud
【答案】B 指“声音大”，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意。故答案选B符合语境。
3.Don’t speak so __________, my boys, I’ll read ________ a story to you.
A. loudly; aloud B. loudly; loudly C. aloud; loudly D. loud; loudly
【答案】A。 aloud为副词，强调发出的声音能被听见。loudly指“声音大”，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意。
要点4 Break
break(v.)打破；打碎；折断(n.)停顿；休息
作动词时,既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。意为“(使)破裂；(使)破坏；损坏”
The boy broke the window this morning. 今天早上那个男孩打破了窗户。
作名词时，意为“停顿；休息”
Andrew didn't spend his last spring break relaxing. 安德鲁并没有休最后一个春假。
【同步拓展】
break into 破门而入；强行闯入 break down 垮掉；出故障
break off (使)分离；停止；中断 take breaks/a break休息
break out (战争，不愉快事件)爆发，突然发生 break up 结束；破碎
【典例分析】
1. His race car ________ halfway. He had to give up the race.
A．broke out B．broke into C．broke up D．broke down
【答案】D break down 垮掉；出故障
要点5
care(v.)在意；担忧；关心
【观察】He didn't pass the exam, but he didn't seem to care. 他考试没有及格，但他似乎不在意。
I don't care what sports he likes. 我不在意他喜欢什么运动。
【探究】care意为“在意；担忧；关心”，可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。当作 及物动词时，其后通常跟宾语从句。
【拓展】(1)care还可以作名词，意为“在意；关心”。
Children need our care. 孩子们需要我们的关心。
要点6 laugh
laugh(v.)笑；发笑 (n.)笑声
【观察】He often tells jokes to me and makes me laugh.
他经常给我讲笑话，逗我笑。
He told a joke and we all had a good laugh. 他讲了个笑话，我们都笑了。
【探究】laugh通常作不及物动词，意为“笑；发笑”。laugh还可以作名词，意为“笑声”，通常作可数名词。
【拓展】laugh at 嘲笑
You shouldn't laugh at him. 你不应该嘲笑他。
【辨析】laugh 与smile
laugh 表示因喜悦、愉快或轻视等情绪而出声地大笑，既有面部表情，也有声音。 laugh at..... 意为 “嘲笑.....”
smile 表示“微笑”，侧重面部表情，并不发出声音。 smile at....意为“向.....微笑”
【典例分析】
1.不要嘲笑她，你应该面带微笑向她致意。
Don't _____________her and you should greet her with a __________.
【答案】laugh at smile
2.用smile 和laugh填空
1）People tend to remember things that make them _________.
2）When she saw me she gave me a big__________.
【答案】1.laugh 2.smile
要点7 similar
similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如：
His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。
I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。
【拓展】
（1）look like意为“看起来像……” 。应用范围最广，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。例如：
He looks like a famous movie star. 他看起来像一个电影明星。
It looks like it’s going to rain soon. 天看起来要下雨。
（2）take after 最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。例如：
She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。
Adam was my grandfather and I took after him. 亚当是我的祖父，我和他很相像。
【典例分析】
1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.
A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from
【答案】C
【解析】be different from 与。。。不同。Be similar to 与。。。相似。
2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures
—The difference Oh, no. They look quite .
A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting
【答案】A
【解析】similar"相似的";different"不同的";strange"奇怪的";interesting"有趣的"。结合本题语境可知,它们看起来很"相似",故所缺的词是similar。
3. Dona is ________ to her mother in many ways. For example, they are both tall and thin.
A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar
【答案】D
【解析】根据 they are both tall and thin可知Dona和母亲有许多相似的地方。be similar to与……相似。
4.他长得像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
【答案】takes after take after 长得像......、性格特征像.....
5. 他看起来像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
【答案】looks like
6.马莉在很多方面与她爸爸相似。
Mary________ ________ ________ her father in many ways.
【答案】is similar to
要点8
make 在此处是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式，make sb. do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let，have等。例如：
The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。
They made us forget the past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。
【拓展】
make作“使……”讲时，还可用make+ 宾语 + 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth. +adj./n.。类似的词还有keep等。例如：
What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。
Don’t keep the door open. 别把门开着。
We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。
【重点】 make是使役动词，后常接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。下列动词（词组）也可接不带to的动词不定式作宾补：
【典例分析】
1.The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.
A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D.to laugh
【答案】A make sb.do，使某人....故选动词原形。A
2. Loud music makes me ________ to leave the shop.
A. want B. wanted C. wants D. to want
【答案】A make sb.do，使某人....故选动词原形。A
3.I didn’t see you _______ in. You must have been very quiet.
A. comes B. to come C. come D. have come
【答案】句意“我没有看见你进来。你一定是悄悄地进来的。”本题考查see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做了某事”。故选C。
4. The good news made all of us ________.
A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. happiest
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个好消息使我们大家都很高兴。A. happy高兴的，形容词；C. happily高兴地，副词；D. happiest最高兴的，最高级。make+宾语+形容词(作宾语补足语)，使/让某人做某事，故答案选A。
5 Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made _____by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：句意：虽然他经常使他的妹妹哭，但是今天他妹妹使他哭了。使某人做某事：make sb do sth，后跟省to的不定式作宾语补足语，即前句填：cry；主动语态中省to的不定式，变为被动语态时，要用带to的不定式。即后句填：to cry。故选A。
6.我的宠物常常使我高兴。
My pet often ________ _______ _________.
【答案】makes me happy 形容词作宾语补助语。
7.昨天我们选他当班长。
We ________ ________ ________ yesterday.
【答案】made him monitor 名词作不要补助语。
要点9
(1)as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。从句可以置于主句前，用逗号隔开，也可以放到主句后。如果主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。
As long as it doesn't rain, we will go there. 只要不下雨，我们就会去那里。
as long as还可意为“既然；和....一样长；达.....之久”
As long as you are going, I'll go.既然你要去，那么我也去。
The river is as long as that one. 这条河和那条河一样长。
You can stay for as long as you want.你想待多久就待多久。
【典例分析】
1.—What's your opinion on friends
—They are like books. We don't need a lot of them they're good.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if
【答案】A
【解析】 考查连词短语辨析。as long as 意为“只要”；as soon as意为“一……就……”；so that意为“以便”；as if意为“好像”。句意：“关于朋友，你有什么观点？”“朋友就像书一样。不在多而贵在好。”故选A。
要点10
It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很adj.
这里的adj.是to do sth.的属性, 是用来形容to do sth.的
It’s difficult for you to deal with the problem.
注：若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.
It’s very kind of you to help me.
It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb,这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
【典例分析】
1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question.
A．for; to answer B．of; to answer C．for; answer
【答案】
【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj．+for／of sb．to do sth．’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of，否则用for。clever 描述人的性格，品质。故用of。
2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo．
A．for us taking B．of us to take C．of us taking D．for us to take
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj．+for／of sb．to do sth．’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of，否则用for。本题中的形容词为dangerous，不是描述人的性格特征的，故答案选D。
3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。
________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone.
【答案】It’s of to travel
4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.
【答案】dangerous for
5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
【答案】important for
6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。
________ _________ _________ them to kill the wild animals.
【答案】It’s cruel of
7.能设计这么好的计划，他很聪明。
It’s __________ __________ him _________ work out such a good plan.
【答案】clever of to
要点11
other， the other， others， the others， another
other 泛指，“另外的;其他的”，作形容词/代词。做定语，修饰名词。常用于：each other结构 “互相，彼此 He is cleverer than all the other children in the class.他比班上其他的孩子都聪明。We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects.我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他科目。
the other 两者中的另一者,one...the other...意为“一个...另一个...”;之后也可接数词/复数名词，特指“其他的” I have two pencils. One is red; the other is green.我有两支铅笔，一支是红色的，另一支是绿色的。
others 作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”，剩余的另一些(并非全部)，与some对比使用时，表示“有的...,有的...” A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing.许多人在公园里，一些在唱歌，另一些在跳舞。
the others 剩余的全部，特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”，是 the other 的复数形式，相当于“the other+复数名词” I go swimming every afternoon while the others play tennis.每天下午我去游泳，而其他人打网球。
another 泛指三个/三个以上同类事物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词 I don’t like this one. Please show me another.我不喜欢这一个，请让我看看另一个。
特别注意：other others the others another的区别（口诀：有名无S，有the 有范围）
a，先记住这些搭配
one … the other 一个…… 另一个（两个）
one …. the others 一个…….另一些
some … some ….others
b， another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
c， the other 和the others 表一定范围内另一个，另一些。注意文中有范围，相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。
d，others 和the others后不接名词。
【典例分析】
1.—Shall we meet at 8 o'clock next Sunday morning？
—I won't be free then. Let's make it day.
A. other B. another C. the other
【答案】A项作形容词时，意为“其他的”，后接名词，作代词时，意为“（二者之中）另一人或物”，常与定冠词the连用；B项意为“另一个，再一个”；C项意为“两个中的另一个”。根据答语可得出答案。
2.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:
1） I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.
【答案】the other 。one … the other 一个…… 另一个（两个）
2） I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.
【答案】others. 别人。无范围，泛指。
3） I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.
【答案】the others。其余的，剩下的。有the有范围。
4） Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.
【答案】another。another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
5） We should save money to help ______________ poor children.
【答案】other。 后面有名词。且没有范围。故用other。
6） Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping
【答案】others。无名词后面一般用others表示泛指。
7）Where are my ________ books
【答案】other。不能用the。因为有my特指。
8）I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one
【答案】another。Another后面一般用名词单数形式。 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意
9）Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.
【答案】the other 。one … the other 一个…… 另一个（两个）
10）In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan
【答案】the others。The others 表示有范围。剩下的，其余的。
要点12
be different from
Be different from 意为“与……不一样”
【考点拓展】the same as 意为“与……一样”
【典例分析】
1.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.
A．the same as B. different from C. interested in D. angry with
【答案】the same as“与……一样”；be different from“与……不同”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be angry with“生某人的气”，由句意可知选B。
2. We have the same amount of apples __________ they do.
A. from B. like C. as D. for
【答案】C
【解析】from意为“来自…”，like意为“像…”，为介词，其后接名词；as表示“像…”时是连词，引导方式状语从句，for表示“为了”，此处为“我们有和他们一样数量的苹果”。故选C。
3. —Are the pictures the same
—They are __________. Picture A is a little smaller than Picture B.
A. different B. different from C. the same D. the same as
【答案】A
【解析】根据下一句的“图A比图B小一点”可知，两幅图不一样。故选A。
4. The Earth is __________ the Sun in size.
A. like B. the same as C. different from D. look like
【答案】C
【解析】be different from意为“与…不同”，地球和太阳大小不用。故选C。
5.我和弟弟一样留有同样的短发。
I have ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ my brother.
【答案】the same short hair
6.他的衣服的颜色与我的不一样。
The color of his cloth __________ _________ __________ ________
【答案】is different from mine
要点13
That's Tara, isn't it 那是塔拉，对吗
【探究】该句为反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+附加问句”构成，遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的结构原则。它用于征询意见，或者希望陈述句所表达的内容得到证实。反意疑问句的答语应符合事实，事实是肯定的用yes,事实是否定的用no。
肯定的陈述句+否定的附加问句
-Jim likes listening to music, doesn't he 吉姆喜欢听音乐，是吧
-Yes, he does. 是的，她喜欢。
-Lucy is good at swimming , isn't she 露西擅长游泳，是吧？
-No, she isn't. 不，她不擅长。
否定的陈述句+肯定的附加问句
-Li Lei didn't go to school yesterday, did he 李磊昨天没有去上学，是吧？
-Yes, he did. 不，他去了。
-He isn't a student, is he 他不是学生，对吧？
-No, he isn't. 是的，他不是。
【备注】当反意疑问句的结构为“前否后肯”时，回答yes或no与汉语习惯正好相反。这种省略回答yes要译成“不；不是”；no要译成“是；是的”。
【典例分析】
1. It’s a lovely day, ______
A. isn’t it B. wasn’t it C. doesn’t it D. hasn’t it
【答案】A
【解析】前肯后否。句中有be 动词。故选 A
2. He was not careful enough, _______
A. did he B. had he C. does he D. was he
【答案】D
【解析】前否后肯 句中有系动词。故选D
3.They can’t finish the work on time, ______
A could they B. couldn’t they C. can they D. can’t they
【答案】C
【解析】前否后肯。 句中有情态动词。
4. They have to wash their clothes by themselves, ______
haven’t they B. mustn’t they C. won’t they D. don’t they
【答案】D
【解析】have to 看成与实义动词一样。故借助助动词don’t。
5. Don’t forget to lock the door, _______
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you
【答案】C
【解析】祈使句反义疑问句用will you
要点13
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
be good for对有好处
be good for的反义词组为 be bad for（对……不利；对……有害）
★ Enough sleep is good for our health.充足的睡眠对我们的健康有益
★ Eating vegetables is good for you.吃蔬菜对你有好处。
【易混辨析】
be good for... 对……有好处 后接表示人或物的名词
be good to... 对……友善 后接表示人的名词
be good at... 擅长…… 后接名词、代词或动名词
be good with... 和……相处得好 后接表示人的名词
【典例分析】
1. This kind of food will be ______you, and if you keep on eating it, you will be healthier.
A. good to B. good at C. good for D. good with
【答案】B。 be good to 意为“对……友好”. be good with意为“善于应付……的”。be good at 意为“擅长”。
be good for 对……有好处.根据意思语境选答案B
2.用be good （to at for with）填空。
1）Exercising ____________our health.
2）Chinese_____________ foreigners.
3）Tony___________ skiing.
4）He___________ children.
【答案】1）is good for 2）are good to \is good with 3）is good at 4） is good with\ is good to
【重点词组】
1. both... and... ……和……都
2. win the singing competition 赢得歌唱比赛
3. be talented in music 在音乐方面天赋
4 do the same things as me与我做相同的事
5. be good at sports 擅长运动
6. truly care about me 真正关心我
7. make me laugh 使我发笑
8. a good listener 一个好的倾听者
9. as long as 只要
10. be different from... 与……不同
11. bring out 使显现；使表现出
12. in fact 事实上
13. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物
14. be similar to... 与……相似
15. get/have good grades in English英语成绩好
16. be good with children善于同孩子打交道
【重点句式】
1. Sam has longer hair than Tom.
＝Sam's hair is longer than Tom's.
萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。
2. She also sings more loudly than Tara.
她唱歌也比塔拉响亮。
3. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.
蒂娜比塔拉更外向。
4. Tara works as hard as Tina.
塔拉与蒂娜学习一样努力。
5. Nelly danced better than Lisa.
内莉跳舞比莉萨好。
6. The most important thing is to learn something new.
最重要的事情是学一些新的东西。
7. A good friend is like a mirror.
好朋友就像一面镜子。
8. That's why I like reading books and I study harder in class.
这便是我喜欢看书，且在班上学习更加努力的原因。
9. I'm shy, so it's not easy for me to make friends.
我害羞，所以对我来说交朋友不易。
10. I think friends are like books—you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
我认为朋友就像书——不在多而贵在好。
11. I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.
我并不很在乎我的朋友和我一样还是不同。
12. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.
我最好的朋友(能够)帮我激发出自己的所能。
13. My favorite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”
我最喜欢的格言是：“一个真正的朋友是在需要时给你帮助，使你感动。”
14. We can talk about and share everything.
我们可以谈论和分享一切。
15. She's always there to listen.
她随时准备倾听。
形容词和副词的比较级
一、定义
比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。
二、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。
This pen is longer than that one. 这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge. 纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。
Who is taller, Lily or Lucy 莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。
Believe me, you really look much better than before. 相信我，你看起来真的比以前好多了。
He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。
They went there a little later than others. 他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。
It’s even bigger than an island. 它甚至比一座岛屿都大。
He is far stronger than his brother. 他比他哥哥强壮得多。
四、比较级的句型
1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B
This cake is nicer than that one. 这个蛋糕比那个好。
2.A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B
I work harder than my brother. 我比我弟弟学习刻苦。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
Who is taller, Tim or Tom
谁更高，蒂姆还是汤姆？
【注意】在含有than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
Tina's hair is shorter than mine. 蒂娜的头发比我的短。
五、比较级的常考结构
1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”若比较级由more构成，则用“more and more+原级”结构。
Our life gets better and better. 我们的生活变得越来越好了。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽了。
2.“The+比较级...，the+比较级....”表示“越……，就越……”。
The harder you study, the more you know. 你学习越努力,你知道得就越多。
The more carefully you do, the more you will do. 你做得越认真,做得就会越好。
【注意】在比较级前面有时会用一些表示比较程度的副词或短语，如much，a lot，a little，even，far等。
It is much colder today than yesterday.今天比昨天更冷。
表示"两者之间比较....的一个(of the two)"时,常用"the+比较级"结构.
Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那一个。
【典例分析】
一、写出下列单词的比较级
1.beautiful 2.much/many
3.few 4.little
5.bad/ill 6.long
7.good/well 8.big
9.hot 10.thin
11.fat 12.loudly
13.friendly 14.healthy
15.smart 16.easy
17.easily 18.funny
【答案】1. more beautiful 2. more 3. fewer 4. less 5. worse 6. longer 7. better 8. bigger 9. hotter
10. thinner 11. fatter 12. more loudly 13. friendlier/more friendly 14. healthier/more healthy
15. smarter 16. easier 17. more easily 18. funnier
二、完成句子
1.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In my point of view, English is ________ _________ _________ Chinese.
【答案】as important as (A=B as…as句式)
2. 我姐姐我细心得多。
My sister is __________ _________ __________ than me.
【答案】much more careful （A>B 比较级+than ，much修饰比较级）
3. 他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。
His mother is very __________. Look! She __________ _________ __________ in the room.
【答案】happy is singing happily
4.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This book _________ ___________ ___________ __________ that one
【答案】isn’t as/so interesting as (A5. 老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The teacher told us __________ ___________.
【答案】something interesting。（形容词修饰不定代词后置）
6. 那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The park is getting ______ _____ ______ ___________.
【答案】more and more beautiful(比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”)
7. 雨正变得越来越大。
The rain is becoming _______ _______ _______ .
【答案】heavier and heavier (比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”)
8. 你吃的越多就越胖。
_____ _____ you eat, ____ _______you will be.
【答案】The more the fatter.( The +比较级， the +比较级 表示“越来越”)
9.这本书比那本书难
The book is _______ _________ _________ that one
【答案】more difficult than （A>B 比较级+than ，much修饰比较级）
10.他的头发比我的长。
His hair is than .
【答案】longer mine
11.那个男孩比班上任何一个学生都高。
That boy is ________ _________student in the class.
【答案】taller than any other
12.他比他的哥哥更健壮吗？
he his brother
【答案】Is stronger than
三、选择填空
1. Please stop to have a rest. I think, to teenagers, health is as __________ as their study.
A. more important B. less important C. the most important D. important
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意，请停下来休息一下，我认为对于青少年来说，健康跟他们的学习一样重要。As+形容词原形+as词组的意思是像……一样，A．more important比较级。 B．less important 比较级。 C．the most important 最高级。D．important原形。故选择D。
2. -- What do you think of the film you saw yesterday
-- Oh, it's than the movies I have ever seen.
A. interesting B. more interesting
C. the most interesting D. most interesting
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：--你认为你昨天看的电影如何？--噢，我从没有看过比这个更有趣的电影了。通过比较级的标志than，得知运用interesting的比较级形式，故选B
考点：考查比较级的用法。
3. English is ________ difficult for me to learn than Chinese.
A. much more B. more much
C. very more D. very much
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：句意：对我来讲，学英语比汉语要难得多。两者相比，用比较级。difficult的比较级：more difficult，much可以修饰比较级，表示“……得多”，very只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级，故选A。
4. —Does Jim get up as _____________ as Alex
—No. He gets up _____________ than Alex.
A. early; early B. earlier; earlier C. early; earlier D. earlier; early
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——吉姆和亚历克斯起得一样早吗？——不。他起得比亚历克斯更早。as+形容词/副词的原级+as“和……一样……”，early这里是副词修饰动词短语get up，故第一空用原级early。根据than可知第二空用比较级，故为earlier。故选C。
5. The girl doesn’t run ____________ the boy.
A. much faster as B. as faster as
C. more fast than D. so fast as
【答案】 D
【解析】句意： 那个女孩没有男孩跑的快。
考查not so/as…as结构。在英语中，可以使用＂as…as＂表示＂两者在某方面一样＂；用＂not so/as…as＂表示＂……不如……＂， 以上两种结构都必须使用形容词或副词的原级。故选D。
6. I think it is ____________ older than yesterday.
A. very B. much too C. much D. quite
【答案】 C
【解析】句意： 我认为它比昨天大。
考查程度副词修饰比较级。在英语中，much, even, a little, still可修饰形容词、副词的比较级，而very, very much, much too, quite, too 等程度副词只能修饰形容词、副词的原级，故选C。
7. Jack’s ____________ brother is ____________ than him.
A. old; elder B. elder; older C. old; eld D. elder; younger
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：杰克的哥哥比他年龄大。
考查elder; older的辨析。elder指家人的长幼排行；older指人的实际年龄大小比较。故选B。
8 —Can you tell me why you learn English so well
—It’s easy. _________you work, _________grades you can get.
A. The more careful; the best B. The more carefully; the better
C. More carefully; better D. The more careful; the better
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：---你能告诉我为什么你英语学的那么好吗？---很简单。你越用功，你的成绩越好。the more...the more越……越……，可知选A
本单元的话题是谈论人物的个性特征，本单元的写作题目与描写人物的个性特征相关。写此类短文时，要抓住所比较的人物的特点，从外貌特征(如tall, short, thin, fat, long/short hair等)、个性特点(如outgoing, funny, friendly, hard-working, smart等)等方面来描述。若要进行人物个性特征的比较，则要写出他们的相同点和不同点，并能够正确使用比较级进行表达。语言要精炼、准确，行文要流畅。
【词汇积累】
（一）人物对比类短语
1. 与……不同 ________________________________
2. 与……相像的________________________________
3. 和……相同________________________________
4. 和……一样高________________________________
(二)人物描述类短语
1. 在某方面有天赋________________________________
2. 擅长于________________________________
(三)朋友相处类短语
1. 和某人相处得好________________________________
2. 真正关心我________________________________
3. 分享一切________________________________
4. 使我笑_______________________________
【答案】
(一)人物对比类短语
1. be different from 2.be similar to 3.the same as 4.as tall as
(二)人物描述类短语
1.be talented in 2.be good at
(三)朋友相处类短语
1. be good with sb. 2.truly care about me 3.share everything 4. make me laugh
【句子积累】
(一)佳句欣赏与模拟
1. My best friend Larry is quite different from me.
【quite为副词，可以用来修饰形容词，表示程度，意为＂十分＂】
我十分擅长英语。
________________________________________________________________________
2. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.
【it’s＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样】
取得好成绩对我来说很容易。
________________________________________________________________________
3. Larry is much less hard-working, though.
【much/a little/a lot＋比较级】
事实上，李明跑步比我快得多。
________________________________________________________________________
(二)表达个人的择友观
1. 在我看来，有相同点是必要的。
In my view, it’s ______________ to be the same.
2. 我真的不介意朋友是与我相同或是不同。
I don’t _____________ ____________ if friends are the same as me or different.
3. 我认为朋友就该像书——你不需要很多，只要他们好就行。
I think friends _____________ _______________ books
— you don’t need a lot of them ______________ ______________ ____________ they’re good.
(三)有用的句式
1.我比我妹妹/姐姐更外向。
2.萨姆的头发比汤姆长。
3.她唱歌也比塔拉声音大。
4.我和蒂娜学习一样努力。
5.彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。
6.我最好的朋友拉里和我很不同。
7.只要他们(朋友)好，你并不需要许多。/(朋友)不在多而贵在好。
8.然而，拉里经常帮我展现出自己最好的一面。
【答案】
(一)佳句欣赏与模拟
1. I am quite good at English.
2. It’s easy for me to get good grades.
3. In fact, Li Ming runs much/a lot faster than me.
(二)表达个人的择友观
1.necessary 2.really care 3.are like；as long as
(三)有用的句式
1. I'm more outgoing than my sister.
2. Sam has longer hair than Tom
3. She also sings more loudly than Tara.
4. I work as hard as Tina.
5. Peter likes to do the same things as me.
6. My best friend Larry is quite different from me.
7. You don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
8. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me.
【实战演练】
根据提示，以“My Best Friend and I ”为题写一篇英语短文，比较你俩的特征，至少10句话。除提示外，可适当发挥。
提示：1.我的好友名叫琳达；
2.在某些方面，我们看上去一样；在某些方面，我们看起来不同；
3．我们都有黑眼睛，黑头发；
4.她比我高，比我文静，很认真；
5.我外向一点，而且比她风趣；
6.都喜欢读书。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My best friend and I
My name is Linda. I have a good friend. Her name is Tina. We are in the same grade but in different classes. My friend and I look the same. We have black eyes and long black hair. But we are different anyway. Tina is taller than I. She is quieter and more careful than I. But I am more outgoing than her. And I am much funnier than her. Both of us like reading books.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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