魏县第五中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
英语
考试范围：选择性必修三和选择性必修四
注意事项：
考试时间120分钟，总共150分.
答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How did the woman get there
A．By car. B．By bus. C．By bike.
2．How much is the dictionary
A．$ 24. B．$ 26. C．$ 50.
3．Why does the man make this call
A．To cancel his travel. B．To book his ticket. C．To change the leaving date.
4．What is the man trying to do
A．Make an excuse. B．Make an apology. C．Make a complaint.
5．Where can the man find an available restroom
A．On the first and the second floor.
B．On the first and the third floor.
C．On the second and the third floor.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Lifestyles. B．Happy childhood. C．Activities in their spare time.
7．What does the woman think of taking photos
A．It’s interesting.
B．It’s a waste of money.
C．It’s suitable for children.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．When did the woman leave school
A．In 1994. B．In 1995. C．In 1996.
9．Why did the woman start running
A．To keep fit. B．To become famous. C．To make money.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why does the woman come to the man
A．To review lessons with him.
B．To have a chat with him.
C．To inform him of a test.
11．What do we know about the man
A．He was studying just now.
B．He was looking for the woman.
C．He didn’t do well in the last test.
12．What will the man do
A．Study with the woman. B．Give Elizabeth a call. C．Take a test.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates. B．Co-workers. C．Waiter and diner.
14．What did the woman have for lunch
A．Pizza. B．A hamburger. C．A sandwich.
15．What have the speakers decided to order
A．pizza, coffee, a Coke and iced water
B．A pizza, a chicken salad and iced water.
C．Soup, a hamburger and a Coke.
16．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At McDonald’s. B．At KFC. C．At an Italian restaurant.
听第10段材料，回到第17至20题。
17．What is the passage mainly about
A．Sports education. B．Children’s psychology. C．Playground safety.
18．Where do most of the children injuries happen
A．On public playgrounds.
B．At the gyms.
C．On the hard-surface roads.
19．What does the speaker suggest parents do
A．Join in their children’s activities.
B．Stay close to their children.
C．Repair the equipment of the playground.
20．What can we learn from the passage
A．There are 200,000 playgrounds all over the country.
B．Children’s sense of safety encourages creativity.
C．Many children are afraid of being watched.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Curb-cut Effect (路缘坡效应) refers to the fact that supporting small groups of people often ends up helping much larger ranges of society.
Curb cuts: Easing the walking
In the 1940s, hundreds of thousands of World War Ⅱ soldiers returned home with disabilities. Disappointed by the difficulties they faced, Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo, Michigan, as one of them, asked his city government to build an experimental curb cut-a gentle slope that brings the end of a sidewalk down to meet the level of the street-at the corners of several blocks downtown. A few months later, Fisher reported that even residents without wheelchairs were enjoying the impact of the little slopes.
Reading machines: Getting the message
In 1976, technologist Ray Kurzweil invented a machine for the blind and visually damaged to change images into text that it then read aloud. Smart speakers with those voices are now in roughly one-quarter of US homes. By detecting street signs and house numbers, it is helping build the maps that self-driving cars use to navigate the world.
Closed captions (字幕): Following the conversation
Sears launched the first TV with a built-in equipment that allowed deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers to read along with their favorite programs in 1980. In the 1990s, text became increasingly common as DVDs and, later, streaming services added the ability to switch the words on at will. A 2006 survey found that only around 20 percent of the people using captions had hearing problems.
DeafSpace designs: Keeping things quiet
More than 150 designs of the DeafSpace Project came from architect Hansel Bauman. One aim is to clear distracting noises, which can make it difficult for people to use their limited hearing abilities. By keeping conversations and other sound disturbances from walking and jumping around the room, these ways also make it easier for all sorts of students and workers to focus.
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21．Who were the four inventions initially intended to serve
A．The army. B．Special groups. C．All human beings. D．Professionals.
22．What might be Jack Fisher
A．A city designer. B．A city governor. C．A disabled soldier. D．An ordinary roadman.
23．Whose invention helps people to concentrate
A．Sears'. B．Jack Fisher's. C．Ray Kurzweil's. D．Hansel Bauman's.
B
Have you ever shouted at your computer because it wasn’t working Your computer couldn’t “yell” back – until now. AI researchers are now working on computers that can argue and perhaps even win debates with humans.
IBM scientists published a paper in Nature on March 17 about their new AI system – Project Debater. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. It looks for ideas that can support its own argument.
Testing on the system began in 2019 when it debated with Harish Natarajan, a professional debater who holds the world record for most debate competition victories. The debate topic was whether or not preschool should be funded, and the AI system argued in favor of this idea. Although the AI lost the debate in the end based on the audience vote, the audience said it did very well. Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic, while only 20 percent said the same about Natarajan. Also, Project Debater has shown strength at making impressive and logical opening statements in the debate, according to Scientific American.
Humans and technology have been battling for decades. In 1997, IBM’s Deep Blue became the first computer to defeat a reigning (卫冕的) chess champion, Garry Kasparov in a six-game match. So after two decades, have IBM’s researchers just reproduced a “Deep Blue” to debate It’s much more than that, the researchers noted. Argument and debate are fundamental abilities of human intelligence, and it’s a step outside of AI’s comfort zone to enter this field, according to the article in Nature.
24．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To give background information. B．To ask a question about computer.
C．To make a comparison. D．To introduce the topic.
25．How can Project Debater debate with humans
A．By collecting a lot of data in a short time.
B．By listening to researchers’ instructions.
C．By making use of its internal data.
D．By learning from humans.
26．What did the audience think about the performance of Project Debater
A．Its statements were not logical enough.
B．Its opening statements were boring.
C．Its overall performance was better than Natarajan’s.
D．It made them more informed of the topic.
27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．AI technology hasn’t progressed much for decades.
B．AI has advanced itself by stepping in debating.
C．Project Debater is much better than Deep Blue.
D．AI has lost the battle against humans in debating.
C
A new report connects eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease. The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy. The study collects data from six other earlier studies. It shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the number of eggs a person ate each day increased by half an egg.
Norrina Allen, an associate professor at Northwestern University said that, in the United States, eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol(胆固醇)in a person’s daily food. People with higher levels of cholesterol in their food are at increased risk of the development of heart disease later in life. However, Allen added that she would not say that eggs are completely unhealthy. “I’m not saying that people should take them completely out of their food,” she said. “I’m just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.”
Some experts believe the new study does not prove that eggs are causing heart disease. “Cholesterol’s role in the development of heart disease has been discussed for more than 30 years,” said Bruemmer, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. “This study does have clear shortcomings, including self-reporting at a single time point,” he added.
Bruemmer said, “Eggs in moderation(适度)are probably acceptable from a nutritional standpoint.” “Moderation,” he added, “is less than one egg a day, including eggs in foods such as bread.”
Holly Andersen, a doctor at the NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, agrees that the study has “real shortcomings”. One problem Andersen has with the study is that a lot of the egg-eating people in the study also appeared to be eating much meat and processed meat. “If you’re taking a lot of processed meat, it doesn’t matter how many eggs you’re eating,” Andersen said.
Also, Andersen said, “The study can only show there is a relation between eggs eating and heart disease. But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also taking a lot of bacon.”
28.What does Norrina Allen agree with
A.Eggs are completely unhealthy.
B.Eggs contain the most cholesterol.
C.Eggs should be eaten in a right amount.
D.Eggs have no connection with heart disease.
29.What is Bruemmer’s attitude towards the study
A.Interested. B.Doubtful. C.Concerned. D.Hopeful.
30.What can we learn from Holly Andersen’s words
A.Eggs and meat cannot be eaten together.
B.Processed meat may cause heart disease.
C.Processed meat should be avoided.
D.The study is supported by evidence.
31.What’s the best title of the text
A.Do eggs cause heart disease
B.Are eggs the top source of cholesterol
C.What’s the proper amount of eggs eaten
D.Is the cholesterol to blame for heart disease
D
Imagine an island untouched by humans and without any large mammals.Colorful and strange birds of all shapes and sizes fly over forests and seaside hills. The sky is painted with endless clouds. Flightless birds nest safely on the ground, and seabirds cover the beaches. The sound of the bird song is overwhelming. The Maori named this place “Aotearoa,” Land of the Long White Cloud. The world now knows it as New Zealand.
When the Maori sailed their canoes across the Pacific Ocean from their homeland, Hawaiki, at least 120 different species of birds lived in Aotearoa. Eleven species of moa , an ostrich-like bird, moved freely, and the largest stood 11 feet tall. The Haast’s eagle dominated the skies with its wing span of nearly 10 feet. Because bats were the only mammals, Aotearoa was an actual bird paradise.
Unfortunately, the Maori overhunted the moa for meat. As the moa disappeared, the Haast’s eagle lost its primary food source. By the time Europeans arrived in New Zealand, both birds were extinct.
When European settlers arrived, they brought animals that attacked birds. These non-native animals exploded in number because they had no predators. Birds also lost habitat as forests were cut down for wood and pastures.
Within a few hundred years of humans discovering and living in New Zealand, more than half the unique bird species were extinct. The whekau,found throughout New Zealand in the 1800s, was declared extinct in 1914. The piopio,considered the best songbird in Aotearoa, was last seen in the mid-1900s.
Thirty percent of the species now alive are in danger because of other animals and loss of habitat. Scientists estimate nature would take 50 million years to replace the birds lost over the last 1,000 years. New Zealand conservationists are working to save the threatened species.
32．What does the first paragraph tell us
A．New Zealand is a paradise for birds.
B．Aotearoa does not really exist.
C．The Maori founded New Zealand.
D．No mammals lived on the island.
33．What does the underlined word “predators” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A．Partners. B．Killers. C．Friends. D．Settlers.
34．What mainly caused the disappearance of birds
A．Threats from man and other animals.
B．The arrival of Europeans.
C．The lack of food sources.
D．The increase in farmland.
35．What is the author most likely to talk about next
A．Why local officials stop hunting.
B．What living conditions for natives are like.
C．How many animals have survived on the island.
D．What efforts conservationists take to guard bird species.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填在空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Volunteering means to carry out a duty or a job without expecting repayment or reward. The concept is very popular in advanced or rich countries. But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort ____36____.
One is immediately seen as selfless and helpful when one volunteers to help out someone such as a friend，teacher or parent. ____37____ , when you help a teacher to clean the classroom or get involved in a cleanliness campaign at the school level or other community projects. Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect.
In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. In addition to helping these organizations carry out their duties, you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. ____38____ . Even though they are not being aid, through volunteering time, effort and skills, one would learn more than what money can buy.
____39____ . For example, if you volunteer your time regularly at a charity organization, you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essence ideas related to the day-to-day operations of the organizations.
Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate volunteer activities. ____40____ .
A．You will feel you are proud
B．Your standing would be lifted
C．This is especially beneficial to students
D．One should actively be involved in volunteering
E．However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering
F．They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills
G．Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题多给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Little Baby Face Foundation (LBFF) provides free plastic surgery (整容手术) for children born with facial deformities (畸形). Many teenagers who have been 41 for their looks are now applying to have their problem areas “fixed” by LBFF.
Nadia, one 14-year-old teenager, had her face greatly changed in June when she went under the 42 . Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearance. “They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said. Those 43 hurt her a lot. She even 44 how to end her own life.
But Nadia tried to 45 the bullying a secret from her mother, Lynda. Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical 46 for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease. When her mother did finally 47 about the bullying, she was heartbroken.
Then her mother 48 the LBFF, which accepted Nadia’s application. The surgeries were very 49 and it took months for her face to heal, but she did 50 return to school with a new face, a face she was finally proud of.
Nadia’s surgery may have helped her overcome her emotional pain, but should teenagers go to those 51 just because they are being bullied
Experts 52 if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer! In fact, when a teen decides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied, it can send the wrong 53 . By surgically changing the victim (受害者) of a bully, it is as if you 54 the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those 55 he or she has been called.
41. A. laughed at B. thought of C. looked after D. watched over
42. A. practice B. light C. knife D. process
43. A. opinions B. comments C. thoughts D. ideas
44. A. wanted B. needed C. considered D. managed
45. A. keep B. protect C. end D. shelter
46. A. incomes B. bills C. notes D. accounts
47. A. work out B. cut out C. make up D. find out
48. A. turned in B. asked for C. related to D. turned to
49. A. quick B. relaxed C. pleasant D. painful
50. A. manage to B. seek to C. agree to D. try to
51. A. operations B. extremes C. evaluations D. attitudes
52. A. protest B. declare C. push D. warn
53. A. answer B. way C. notice D. message
54. A. recommend B. remember C. support D. suppose
55. A. sufferings B. names C. bullies D. behaviors
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rising sea levels are threatening coastlines in China, for example in ____56____ (city) such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou. If sea levels rise by one meter, more than 92,000 square kilometers of China’s coast could be flooded. This could potentially force 67 million people ____57____ (move) away. Almost two-thirds of the ice in Asia’s glaciers (冰川) could disappear if average global temperature rises beyond 1.5℃ by the end of the century. If that happens, the impacts ____58____ China will be felt in multiple areas, from water availability, to agriculture, and to biodiversity.
The good news is ____59____ China is becoming a global leader on climate action. For example, over the last five years, China ____60____ (use) more solar and wind energy than any other country in the world. China is also the largest clean energy investor in the world — ____61____ (spend) some $130 billion in new energy in recent years.
The development of electric vehicles is particularly ____62____ (inspire) in China. More than 50 percent of electric vehicles in the world ____63____ (sell) in China every year. And China is now a world leader in the ____64____ (promote) of clean energy technologies.
Ecological civilization has become the cornerstone (基石) of China’s long-term development strategy, much like climate action is _____65_____ important part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
写作（共两节，满分40分）
应用文写作（满分15分）
假如你是李华，你的外教David即将回国，请你代表全班同学给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：
表达感谢；
感谢原因；
你的祝愿。
注意：
词数80左右
可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary’s family was very poor; her mom worked as a cashier at a store and her dad worked as a guardian. However, Mary was studying at a famous private school that cost $15,000 each year. Even so, she didn’t really bring too much economic burden to her family. Being good at all her subjects, Mary could study there on a scholarship and she had no trouble paying almost all necessities.
At school, Mary always tried to pretend to be a girl from a rich family, because she’s afraid that others would be unwilling to make friends with her if they knew her family background. Everyone at the school had nice clothes and shoes, so it became harder and harder for Mary to keep up.
Mary’s friend Patricia had been planning a big party for her 16th birthday for two weeks, which was going to be held in the ballroom of a hotel. Mary had also been invited to the party. She wanted to wear a beautiful dress to the party, but she knew she could not afford it.
“Mary, what are you going to wear ” her friend Linda asked her. “I think I’ll wear the dress I wore at your birthday party last year,” Mary said in a low voice. Linda said, “You’re kidding me, right ” “Yeah, I am! You guessed it!” Mary said. For fear of being laughed at, she had to lie and in order to cover up her lie, she had to get a new dress.
Everyone would be wearing expensive and beautiful clothes, but Mary could only spent $30 on a dress. What could she do to get a new dress for the party Mary was considering doing one more part-time job, but she had done three part-time jobs and couldn’t spare time for a new one.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After school, Mary went to the shopping mall, expecting to find something cheap but nice.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the second day, Mary received a parcel with no sender’s name on it.
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答案第1页，共2页魏县第五中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
参考答案
1-5 BACCB
6-10 CAACA
11-15 CBBAA
16-20 CCABB
21-23 BCD
24-27 DADB
28-31 CBBA
32-35 ABAD
36-40 EBCGF
41-45 ACBCA
46-50 BDDDA
51-55 BDDCB
56. cities
57. to move
58. on/upon
59. that
60. has used/has been using
61. spending/having spent
62. inspiring
63. are sold
64. promotion
65. an
66. 应用文
Dear David,
I’ve heard that you’re leaving China soon, so I’m writing to express thanks on behalf of our class.
I can remember there was a time when most of us had great difficulty with spoken English. It was you who communicated with us in the English corner at the weekend. With your patient guidance gradually made progress and began to take interest in English. Thanks again for your generous help.
Wish you a pleasant journey.
Yous,
Li Hua
读后续写
After school, Mary went to the shopping mall, expecting to find something cheap but nice. With great expectation in her heart, she visited those cloth shops one by one. Witnessing those beautiful and appealing dresses, she was desperate to get them. However, when she was told the price, her heart fell down. Not knowing what to do, she burst into tears at a corner. “What’s the matter My dear.” An old woman patted Mary on her shoulder and asked gently. After knowing what had happened, the lady smiled and whispered to Mary: “Honey, don’t cry any more. Tomorrow will be a nice day.”
On the second day, Mary received a parcel with no sender’s name on it. The instant Mary received it, she couldn’t wait to open it. In the box lay a fantastic dress with a note sticking on it, which was completely beyond her wild imagination. Excited and cautious, Mary picked up the note which read: “A magical gift for you. Please just dress up and enjoy yourself.” So amazed was Mary that her lips trembled and tears welled up. Mary would never know who the kind stranger was, but the gift would be a sweet secret kept in her heart, warming her forever.
解析
听力：略
21-23 BCD
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了四种针对特殊人群的发明设计。
21．推理判断题。根据Curb cuts: Easing the walking段落下“In the 1940s, hundreds of thousands of World War Ⅱ soldiers returned home with disabilities. Disappointed by the difficulties they faced, Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo, Michigan, as one of them, asked his city government to build an experimental curb cut-a gentle slope that brings the end of a sidewalk down to meet the level of the street-at the corners of several blocks downtown.(20世纪40年代，数十万二战士兵带着伤残返乡。密歇根州卡拉马祖市的Jack Fisher，就是其中一员，对他们所面临的困难感到失望，他要求市政府在市中心几个街区的拐角处建造试用性的路缘坡——一种使人行道末端向下延伸与街道水平面相接的缓坡)”可知，路缘坡的设计是为了方便行动不便的人；根据Reading machines: Getting the message段落下“In 1976, technologist Ray Kurzweil invented a machine for the blind and visually damaged to change images into text that it then read aloud.(1976年，技术专家Ray Kurzweil为盲人和视力受损者发明了一种机器，将图像转换成文本，然后大声朗读)”可知，这种机器专为盲人和视力受损者而发明；根据Closed captions(字幕):Following the conversation段落下“Sears launched the first TV with a built-in equipment that allowed deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers to read along with their favorite programs in 1980.(1980年，Sears推出了第一台内置设备的电视，使聋哑人和听力困难人群能够阅读他们喜爱的节目)”可知，这种电视是为有听力障碍的人设计的；根据DeafSpace designs: Keeping things quiet段落下“One aim is to clear distracting noises, which can make it difficult for people to use their limited hearing abilities.(一个目标是清除分散注意力的噪音，这些噪音会使听力受限的人们难以使用有限的听力)”可知，这是为听力受限的人们设计的。综上可知，这四项发明创造都是针对特殊人群的。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据Curb cuts: Easing the walking段落下“Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo, Michigan, as one of them(密歇根州卡拉马祖市的Jack Fisher，就是其中一员)”，句中的them指代“World War Ⅱ soldiers returned home with disabilities(二战的伤残士兵)”，由此可推知Fisher是一名伤残士兵。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据DeafSpace designs: Keeping things quiet段落下“these ways also make it easier for all sorts of students and workers to focus.(这些方法也使各种各样的学生和工作者更容易集中注意力)”可知，DeafSpace designs这项发明设计有助于集中注意力，由“More than 150 designs of the DeafSpace Project came from architect Hansel Bauman.(DeafSpace项目的150多个设计来自建筑师Hansel Bauman)”可知，这是由Hansel Bauman发明设计的。故选D。
24-27 DADB
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能研究的项目--与人类进行辩论的Project Debater。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“AI researchers are now working on computers that can argue and perhaps even win debates with humans.”（人工智能研究人员目前正在研究能够与人类辩论，甚至可能赢得辩论的计算机。）可知，第一段的主要目的是为了引起下文的主题，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. It looks for ideas that can support its own argument.”（听完对手的发言,该系统可以在五分钟内搜索4亿左右的在线文章。它寻找能够支持自己论点的观点。）可知，Project Debater通过在短时间内收集大量的数据来与人类辩论，故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic”（有趣的是，58%的观众说Project Debater 增加了他们对这个话题的知识）可知，观众觉得Project Debater 使他们更了解这个话题，故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Argument and debate are fundamental abilities of human intelligence, and it’s a step outside of AI’s comfort zone to enter this field, according to the article in Nature.”（《自然》杂志上的这篇文章称，争论和辩论是人类智能的基本能力，进入这一领域是人工智能的一大突破。）可知，人工智能通过介入辩论而取得了进步，故选B。
28-31 CBBA
32-35 ABAD
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由于人类活动和其他物种威胁，新西兰曾经丰富的鸟类减少甚至灭绝。
32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Colorful and strange birds of all shapes and sizes fly over forests and seaside hills. The sky is painted with endless clouds. Flightless birds nest safely on the ground, and seabirds cover the beaches. The sound of the bird song is overwhelming.”（各种形状和大小的五颜六色的奇怪的鸟飞越森林和海边的小山。天空布满了无尽的云彩。不会飞的鸟在地面上安全筑巢，海鸟在海滩上飞翔。鸟鸣声震耳欲聋。）可知，第一段主要说明鸟类在新西兰生活得很好，即：新西兰是鸟类的天堂。故选A项。
33．词句猜测题。根据第四段“These non-native animals exploded in number”（这些非本地动物数量激增）可知，欧洲殖民者带来的动物数量激增，原因是这里没有物种可以杀死它们，推测划线单词表示“捕食性动物”，与killers同义。故选B项。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“Unfortunately, the Maori overhunted the moa for meat. As the moa disappeared, the Haast’s eagle lost its primary food source. By the time Europeans arrived in New Zealand, both birds were extinct.”（不幸的是，毛利人为了获取肉类而过度捕猎恐鸟。随着恐鸟的消失，哈斯特巨鹰失去了它的主要食物来源。当欧洲人到达新西兰时，这两种鸟都灭绝了。）以及第四段“Birds also lost habitat as forests were cut down for wood and pastures.”（由于森林被砍伐用作木材和牧场，鸟类也失去了栖息地）可知，人类活动导致鸟类消失，再根据第四段“When European settlers arrived, they brought animals that attacked birds.”（当欧洲殖民者到达时，他们带来了攻击鸟类的动物。）可知，欧洲殖民者带来攻击鸟类的动物威胁到鸟类，所以鸟类消失的主要原因是来自人类和其他动物的威胁。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“New Zealand conservationists are working to save the threatened species.”（新西兰自然环境保护主义者正在努力拯救受威胁的物种。）可知，接下来作者可能介绍自然环境保护主义者为拯救鸟类做出了哪些努力。故选D项。
36-40 EBCGF
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了做志愿者给学生带来的积极益处。
36．根据前文“But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort (但在一些国家，许多人认为志愿服务是浪费时间和精力的事)”和第三段段首句“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. (此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。)”可知，首段尾句应承上启下，反驳有些人对志愿活动的错误观点，且引出下文阐明从事志愿活动的益处，E选项句“However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering (然而，一个人可以从志愿活动中收获良多)”符合文意，故选E项。
37．根据后文“Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect. (老师和成年人会认为那些自愿花时间参加某些活动的年轻人是成熟的、负责任的、值得尊重的。)”推测可知，空格处应列举自愿为老师及其他社会机构劳动带来的益处，B选项句“Your standing would be lifted (你的地位将会得到提升)”符合文意，故选B项。
38．根据前文“you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. (你不仅能获得经验，还能学到各种技能)”可知，做志愿服务能使人成长，C选项句“This is especially beneficial to students (这对学生尤其有益)”承接上文语义，强调工作经验和技能提升对从事志愿服务的学生有更加重要的意义，符合文意，故选C项。
39．根据前文“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. (此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。)”可知，该处也应表述志愿服务带来的益处；且根据后文“you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essence ideas related to the day-to-day operations of the organizations. (你会学到组织是如何运转的，团队合作的重要性，以及其他与组织日常运作相关的本质思想)”可知，该段主要表述从事志愿服务会让你接触很多有趣的理念和问题，G选项句“Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues (志愿活动也使人接触到许多有趣的想法和问题)”符合文意，故选G项。
40．根据前文“Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate volunteer activities. (因此，有这么多的好处，尤其是学生，应该被允许参加志愿者活动)”可知，该处建议学生群体尤其应当多参加志愿服务活动。F选项句“They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills (他们可以学习到有用的人际交往和组织方面的技能)”承接上文语义，阐明学生参加志愿活动的意义，符合文意，故选F项。
41-45 ACBCA
46-50 BDDDA
51-55 BDDCB
56. cities
57. to move
58. on/upon
59. that
60. has used/has been using
61. spending/having spent
62. inspiring
63. are sold
64. promotion
65. an
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国面临的因气候变暖而导致的海平面上升等问题以及中国为缓解这些问题在清洁能源利用方面实施的举措。
56．考查名词的数。句意：海平面上升威胁着中国的海岸线，例如在城市如上海，天津和广州。city为可数名词，根据“such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填cities。
57．考查固定搭配。句意：这可能迫使6700万人搬走。force sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫使某人做某事”。故填to move。
58．考查固定搭配。句意：如果发生这种情况，中国将在多个领域受到影响，从水资源供应，到农业，再到生物多样性。the impact on/upon...为固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”。故填on/upon。
59．考查表语从句。句意：好消息是中国正在成为全球气候行动的领导者。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，上下文意思连贯，应用that引导该从句。故填that。
60．考查谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的五年中，中国使用的太阳能和风能比世界上任何一个国家都要多。根据时间状语“over the last five years”可知，此处可用现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，也可用现在完成进行时强调过程和可持续性；且主语为“China”，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has used/has been using。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国也是世界上最大的清洁能源投资国——近年来在新能源方面的投资约为1300亿美元。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为is，此处应用非谓语动词。主语“China”与动词spend之间为主谓关系，此处应用其现在分词形式作状语。此处也可用having spent表示动作已完成。故填spending/having spent。
62．考查形容词。句意：中国电动汽车的发展尤其鼓舞人心。此处作表语，且主语为“The development of electric vehicles”，指物，因此此处应用形容词inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”。故填inspiring。
63．考查谓语动词。句意：世界上超过50% 的电动汽车每年在中国销售。此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，主语“More than 50 percent of electric vehicles”与动词sell之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语“electric vehicles”为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are sold。
64．考查名词。句意：中国目前在推广清洁能源技术方面处于世界领先地位。根据“the”和“of”可知，此处应用promote的名词形式作宾语。故填promotion。
65．考查冠词。句意：生态文明已经成为中国长期发展战略的基石，就像气候行动是17个可持续发展目标的重要组成部分一样。此处泛指“一个重要的部分”；且important是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。
