人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world Vocabulary 课件(82张ppt)

(共79张PPT)
（Vocabulary）
Unit 5
Languages around the world
目录 CONTENTS
① 词汇拓展识记
② 重点词汇词性转换
③ 核心词汇讲解
词汇拓展识记
gas/petrol
Danish
Korean
Arabic
FIFA
重点词汇词性转换
1. _________v. 提到；参考；查阅→____________n. 指称关系；参考→____________n. 裁判员；调解员
2. _________vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 根基；底部；根据→_____________→adj. 以(某事)为基础的
→___________ adj. 基本的→___________ adj. 基本地
3. ________v. 变化；各不相同→__________n. 多样化；品种；异体→_______________ adj. 各种各样的；各种
不同的
词性转换
refer
reference
referee
base
based
basic
basically
vary
variety
various/varied
4. _________adj. 主要的；重要的 v. 主修；专攻 n. 主修课程→__________ n. 大部分；大多数→__________
adj. 少数的→__________ n. 少数
5. ___________vt. 欣赏；感激；领会→_______________ n. 感激；欣赏
6.__________ adj. 相同的；同样的 n. 同等的人；相等物→__________adv. 同样地；平等地→ ___________n.平等
major
majority
minor
minority
appreciate
appreciation
equal
equally
equality
7._____________n．性格；特点 → _____________ n.
特点；特性 adj. 独特的，特有的
8. _________ v. 强烈要求 n. 要求；需求→___________
adj. 要求高的
9. _________v. 联系；讲述→ ____________n. 关系；联系→ __________adj. 相关的；有联系的→ __________n.
亲戚 adj. 相对的；相比较而言的
10. _____________ n．[C，U]描写；描述 →___________ vt. 描述；形容；描绘
character
characteristic
demand
demanding
relate
relation
related
relative
description
describe
1. native adj. 本地的；本国的；原产于某地的
n. 本国人；本地人；本地的动物
① This plant which flowers in spring is also native to Britain, especially in the eastern parts.
② The stranger, a native of the little town, had just returned after twelve years in the inland country.
be native to/be home to 原产于... ...
a native of... ... ... 的本地人；
原产于... ...的动物（或植物）
native country/land/language　 祖国/故乡/母语
1. Jane is a native New York. That is why she speaks English so well.
2. This is a plant native the eastern US.
3. 马克是一个土生土长的法国人。
Mark is a .
Mark is a .
of
to
native
Frenchman
native
of
France
运
用
2. attitude n. 态度；看法
positive/negative/good/bad attitude
an attitude to/towards...
have/take/show a(n) ... attitude to/toward ...
attitude of mind
积极/消极/好/坏的态度
对……的态度/看法
对……持/采取……的态度/看法
……的心态
(前面常用good,bad, positive, negative等形容词修饰)
其他以后缀-itude结尾的词还有：
altitude (n. 海拔，高处)
longitude (n. 经度)
latitude (n. 纬度)
gratitude (n. 感激之情，感谢)
magnitude (n. 巨大，重大)
单句语法填空
① It was your bad attitude ___________ your life that made your parents angry.
[链接写作]　补全句子
② ____________________________________________ and stop complaining.
尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。
towards/to
Try to have a positive attitude to/towards everything
[佳句背诵]
We each should develop a positive attitude to life.
我们每个人都应该培养积极的人生态度。
3. base n./vt.
(1) n. 基底，总部，根据，基础，大本营，出发点
adj. 无根据的
adj. 基础的，基本的
adv. 基本上，从根本上说
n. 基础，要素，根本
在... ...的基础上
baseless
basic
basically
basis
on the basis of
[词块积累]
production base　生产基地
air base 空军基地
a research base 科研基地
3. base n./vt.
(2) vt. 把... ... 建立在... ... 的基础上；以... ...为据点
_____________ 把…建立在…基础之上
以...为基础
_______________________
以... ...为据点，把(总部等)设在... ...
base...on/upon
be based on/upon / on the basis of
base sb/sth/onself in ... ...
1. The theory he put up (base) on his many years' research, so it was practical.
2. They have to have a (base) understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.
3. On the (base) of a true story, the film attracted a lot of audience.
was based
basic
basis
运
用
句式升级
The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right. [同义句替换]
_______________, the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)
The restaurant, ,
is working all right. (定语从句)
Based on trust
which is based on trust
4. variety n. 种类；变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
a (great/large/wide) variety of 各种各样的=varieties of=various
a variety of +n. (pl)+谓语动词复数 各种各样的
the variety of +n. (pl) +谓语动词单数 ....的品种
vary v. 相异；改变
vary from... to... 从...到..不等；在...到...之间变动
vary in 在某方面不同
vary with 随着...变化
4. variety n. 种类；变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
1. Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are ___________ (vary)．
2. Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide __________ (vary) of apples.
3. A great variety of flowers _______________ (show) in the park last week, some of which were unfamiliar to me.
various
variety
were shown
运
用
4. The students’ work _______________________. However, views on this problem _________________
. 学生作业的质量参差不齐。然而，就这个问题人人意见不一。
能力提升
varies greatly in quality
vary from person
to person
5. Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well equipped facilities. (2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)
→Our school has built a new stadium, _______________________________________
______________________. (升级标红词；定语从句)
which has various/varieties of/a variety of
well -equipped facilities
能力提升
5. major n．主修(科目)；主修 v. 主修
adj. 主要的；主修的
(1) 主修
(2) n．大多数
大多数……
占大多数……
(3) n. 专业
major in
majority
a/the majority of
be in the /a majority
major
1. Tom played a (majority) in the improvement of teaching.
2. After graduation at home, she came to the University of
Cambridge, where she majored maths and physics.
3. I guessed that there was probably a (major)
misunderstanding.
major
in
major
运
用
6. mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的
[自主排查]——单句语法填空
① She is not generous at all; she is always mean
_______ her money.
② In some parts of London, missing a bus
means_______ (wait) for another hour.
③ Don’t be so mean ______ your friends, or you will
lose them.
④ These chairs are meant _______the guests.
with
waiting
to
for
(1) _________________　　　在某方面吝啬
_________________ 对某人刻薄
(2) _________________ 打算做...有意做...
_________________ 意味着做...
_____________________ 打算做...用
= ______________________
be mean with...
be mean to sb
mean to do sth.
mean (doing) sth
be meant for/to do sth
考点归纳
be designed for/ to do sth
(3) _________ n. 方法；途径(单复数同形)
_______________ 用...方式
_______________ 通过这种方法
_______________ 借助……手段；依靠……方法
_______________ 绝不；无论如何也不
(置于句首时要部分倒装)
_______________没问题；当然行
(4) __________ n. 意义 __________ adj. 有意义的
____________ adj. 无意义的
means
by means of
meaningful
meaningless
meaning
by this means
by this means
by no means
by all means
1. Just as a single word can change the (mean) of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of paragraph.
2. Bob is determined to get a seat for the concert even though it means (stand) in line all night for the ticket.
3. The rich boss, who is mean his workers, is so mean , money that he doesn't mean donate a penny to help those in need.
meaning
standing
to
with
to
运
用
语境辨义
① Mike had high regard for his old law professor. ____________
② Please give my best regards to your parents. ____________
③ Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring people in the world. ____________
④ The teenager has no regard for other people’s feelings. ____________
尊重
致意
把……视为
将……置之度外
regard/consider...as...
have a high regard for...
regard to/ for ...
have no regard for...
with/in regard to sth.
give one's regards to...
regarding
认为……是……
钦佩/敬重……
对……的关注
将……置之度外
关于某事
代某人向……问候
prep. 关于，至于
7. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把…视为；看待
pl. 问候
1. I novels I have ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部。
2. She other people's feelings.
她无视别人的感受。
3. his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.
关于你的建议，我们将充分讨论。
regard this novel as one of the best
has no regard for
In regard to
运
用
8. character n. 文字，符号；角色；品质；特点
________________　适合；相称
________________ 不符合某人的性格；不适合________________ 磨炼个性
________________
塑造某人的性格；形成某人的个性
in character
build (up) character
out of character
shape one’s character
1. If I take care of my (character), my reputation will take care of itself.
2. His words are entirely character with his actions.
3. Hard working conditions (build) (up) character.
character
in
build
运
用
(1) 理解；意识到；领会
He didn't fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract (合同).
I'm really appreciate his talent of language.
(2) 欣赏，赏识；重视；鉴赏
I would appreciate it if you can give me some advice.
(3) 感激，感谢
9. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；意识到
appreciate 一般用名词、代词或动名词充当宾语，但不能接不定式作宾语。当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it(形式宾语)，再接宾语从句
_______________________ 重视/感激……
_______________________
假如……，我将不胜感激
appreciate＋n./pron./v. ing
I would appreciate it if...
_________________ n. 欣赏；感激
______________________________________
表达对某人的感激之情
______________ adj. 欣赏的；感激的
特别提醒：appreciate不用于进行时. appreciate和thank都可表示“感激，感谢”，但appreciate的宾语一般是sth,而thank的宾语一般是sb,常构成 “thank sb for sth.”。
appreciation
express one's appreciation/ thanks to sb. for sth.
appreciative
1. I appreciate____________(give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
2. Here I sincerely express my ____________ (appreciate) if you could help adapt the text Pygmalion into a short play. (2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)
being given
appreciation
运
用
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2018·天津卷书面表达) 如果你给我们一些有关如何改进我们机器人的建议我将感激不尽。
1. __________________ if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.
2. _______________if you you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.
I would appreciate it
I'd be grateful
struggle against/with
struggle for sth
struggle with...for...
struggle to do sth.
struggle to one's feet
It is (not) a struggle to do sth.
为反对/与……斗争
为……而斗争
为争取……而与……做斗争
努力去做某事；挣扎着做某事
make great efforts to do sth.
挣扎着站起来
做......(不)是件难事
10. struggle n.&vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
1. The boy couldn't swim and in the water.
这个男孩不会游泳在河里挣扎。
2. We have to all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难做斗争。
3. She and continued walking.
她挣扎着站起来，继续走。
struggled
struggle against
struggled to her feet
运
用
基础练透——完成语段
Unluckily, the farmers have suffered a heavy drought this year. They have to struggle ______ a
living. They are struggling _________________ the
bad weather for a better harvest. Anyway, they must _______________________________(努力增加收入)．
for
with/against
struggle to increase their income
11. equal v. 等于；抵得上 adj. 相等的；胜任的；平等的 n. 同等的人；相等的物
[自主排查]——写出下列中equal 的词性及含义
1. Any man will be equal to the task, as long as he is careful. You should give it a try.
2. Be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
3. Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.
4. Beethoven was a world-famous musician, who had no equal in music.
adj. 胜任的
adj. 同等的
vt. 等于；抵得上
n. 同等的人
1. v. 等于；抵得上；
A equals B in… A在…方面等于B
2. adj. 相等的；胜任的
be equal to (接名词/代词/动名词）
与…相等；能应付/胜任
be equal with 与……相等
be equal in 在某方面相等
3. n. 同等的人；相等物
without equal = have no equal 无与伦比
考点归纳
表示“胜任......”的其他常见表达：
be up to / be fit/suitable/qualified for
1. I don’t think he is equal to _________(do) this kind of work.
2. As far as I’m concerned, men and women must be treated __________(equal) in education.
3. His statues _____________________________in the Western world now.
现在他的雕塑在西方世界无与伦比。
doing
equally
are without equal/have no equal
运
用
[能力提升]——一句多译
尽管我年轻，我胜任这个志愿者工作。
Young as I was, ____________________________(equal)
Although I was young, __________________________(fit)
Young as I was, ______________________________ (qualified)
I am equal to the voluntary work.
I am fit for the voluntary work.
I am qualified for the voluntary work.
(1) demand to be done=demand doing 某事需要被做
这个房间需要被打扫。
This room 。
(2) demand sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
她从不向她父母要东西。
She demands nothing _______ her parents.
(3) demand to do sth. 要求做某事
我坚决要求见经理。
I demanded ______ (see) the manager.
demands to be cleaned
from/of
to see
[拓展]
need/require/demand/want to be done
=need/require/demand/want doing
需要被做
deserve to be done=deserve doing
值得被做
12. demand n. 需求；要求 vt. 强烈要求
(4) demand + that 从句，从句要用虚拟语气, 即:“(should)+动词原形”
I demand that you ______________ (finish) your homework
(5) Teachers are demand in this area. (n. 需要)
这个地区非常需要教师。
demanding adj. 要求很高的；费力的
(should) finish
in
1. (2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand ___ clean energy.
2. a.The teacher came to the classroom and demanded ________(tell) what was going on just now.
b. My car demands _____________________(repair)，so I have to go to work by bus.
3. This is a __________(demand) job and a small mistake can make a great difference.
4. The boss demanded that everyone (attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow.
for
to be told
to be repaired/repairing
demanding
(should) attend
(1) beyond description 无法形容，难以描述
give a description of... 描写/描述……
(2) describe vt. 描述；形容；描绘
describe…… as…… 把…称为…,描述…为…
(3) descriptive adj. 描写的，叙述的，说明的
13. description n. 描写(文字)；形容
1. He gave us a short description of the city. [翻译]
2. It is difficult ____________(describe) how I feel now.
3. The beautiful sight of Mount Huang
_____________________.
黄山的美景是无法形容的。
to describe
is beyond description
运
用
他给我们简短地介绍了这个城市。
(1) relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
relate sth to sb 向某人叙述/讲述某事
(2) related adj. 有关的
be related to 与……有关
(3) relation n. 关系；联系
relative n. 亲属，亲戚 adj. 相对的，相关联的
14. relate vt. 联系；讲述
1. We shall discuss the problem as it relates our specific case.
2. What he stressed was_________(relate) to teenagers’ education.
3. It is said that the short English film
.
据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校发展有关。
运
用
to
related
is mainly related to the development of our school
(1)__________________　 在某人方便时
(2) ___________ adj. 方便的，便利的；近而方便的
________________________
对某人来说做某事是方便的
_________________________　
对某人来说……是方便的
at one's convenience
convenient
It be convenient for sb. to do sth.
sth. be convenient to/for sb.
15. convenience n．方便；便利的事物；便利设施
[自主排查]——单句语法填空
① a. To enjoy the ___________ (convenient) of digital payment，many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
b．The hotel is ____________(convenient) located close to the beach, thus making it popular among tourists.
② If it's convenient______ you, let's meet at 8:30 outside the school gate.
③ Would it be convenient for you________(pick) me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport
convenience
conveniently
to/for
to pick
(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)如果你感兴趣，请你在方便的时候尽快报名吧。
④ If you are interested, please sign up earlier __________________．(convenience)
⑤ If you are interested, please sign up earlier _____________________________. (convenient)
[名师点津]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物或形式主语作主语。“当你方便的时候”应译成“When it is convenient to you.”而不能译成“When you are convenient”。
at your convenience
when it is convenient to/for you
一词多义/单句语法填空
① If you don't know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary. __________
② We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again. __________
③ People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”． ______________
④ My complaint has been referred to the manufacturers (生产家) .
.
16. refer to 提及；谈到；涉及；参考；
查阅；提交；把……称作……
查阅/参考
提及，谈到
把……称作……
把……提交给……
[归纳拓展]
(1) refer to...as...　 把…称作…
refer...to... 把…提交给…
(2) reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅
reference books 参考书；工具书
in/with reference to 关于
without reference to 与……无关，不管
同义短语：
regard/look on/treat/think of/
view/consider……as
1. Smoking is usually a bad habit.
抽烟通常被认为是一种坏习惯。
2. Don't the dictionary while having an examination.
考试时不准查词典。
3. In his speech, he a recent trip to Canada.
他在讲演中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。
4. I am writing your job application.
敬我写信是关于你的求职申请的。
5. People who work in offices are usually referred to ____“white collar workers”.
referred to as
refer to
referred to
with reference to
as
(2) (C) 日期；会晤时间；约会对象；(u) 年代，时期
out of date　 过时，陈旧
up to date 最新的，最近的
to date 到目前为止
up to date (with…) 赶上潮流；最新的；与…保持同步
(1) date back (to)＝date from 追溯到；始于
17. date back to (＝date from)
始于……；追溯到……(后接时间点)
date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。在句中作定语时，常用现在分词形式。
1. On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple __________(date) back to the Tang Dynasty.
2.____________________________________________
____________________________________________
(把上一句改为含有定语从句的复合句)
3. The skills of cooking in China can date _________
thousands of years.
dating
On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple
which/that dates back to the Tang Dynasty.
运
用
back
18. a (great) number of 许多的；大量的
[自主排查]——单句语法填空
1. As China develops fast and steady, a number of foreigners ________ (learn) Chinese as a second language now.
2. As the number of English learners ______(be) on the rise, it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.
3. A great deal of money __________(donate) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.
4. There (be) a great many talented people waiting to be discovered.
are learning
is
was donated
are
(1) a (large/great/good) number of
(a great/good) many
quite a few
(2) the number of +可数名词复数+谓语单数
(3) much/ quite a little
a (great/good) deal of
a great/large amount of
(4) many a ＋可数名词单数＋谓语单数
考点归纳
+可数n.复数+ 谓语复数
+不可数n.+ 谓语动词单数
(5) masses of
quantities
(6) plenty of
考点归纳
+可数n.复数/不可数名词+ 谓语复数
+可数名词复数+谓语复数
+不可数名词+谓语单数
[名师点津] large quantities/amounts of＋n. 作主语时谓语动词用复数，而a large quantity/amount of＋n. 作主语时谓语动词用单数。
1. The numebr of people present at this meeting now
300, a number of whom journalists. (be)
2. A great many college students (be) sent to the poor area to help the children there last month.
3. Large amounts of my pocket money (be) spent buying new books last year.
is
are
are
were
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4. A large amount of homework (have) to be done everyday, so large quantities of their time
(be) occupied.
5. Plenty of attention (pay) by the government to safety issues of the children on school buses recently.
are
has
has been paid
in view of 由于；鉴于
come into view 进入视野；映入眼帘
“在某人看来”
in one’s view/opinion/eyes from one’s point of view
as far as sb concerned from the perspective of sb
19. point of view n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
在我看来，通过这些活动你可以更好地了解春节。1. ________________, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.2. ____________________, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.3. ____________________, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
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In my opinion/view
As far as I’m concerned
From my point of view
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
get sb. into/out of trouble 使某人摆脱/陷入困境
make trouble 制造麻烦
ask for/look for trouble 自找麻烦/自讨苦吃
have trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难
take the trouble to do 不辞辛劳做某事
20. have trouble with 在某方面有困难
1. He is a loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her not to lose heart when she was ____ trouble.
2. Whenever we have trouble ______ our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.
3. If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble __________ (answer) these questions.
in
with
answering
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“(be) in + 抽象名词” 表示处于某种状态
be in danger 处于危险中 be in debt 欠债
be in silent 在沉默中 be in peace 处于和平状态
be in control 掌管，控制 be in love 相爱
be in place 在正确的位置 be in return 作为回报
out of 由于(原因,动机)，用...(材料)，脱离了(状态)
out of respect 出于尊重
out of fear 出于害怕
out of balance 失去平衡
out of control 失去控制
out of date 过时
out of question 毫无疑问
out of mind 心不在焉
out of breath 上气不接下气
out of patience 不耐烦
out of petrol 汽油用完了
out of use 没用了
out of order 出故障了
out of danger 脱离危险了
out of sight 看不见了
21. lead to (doing) 导致；造成(后果)；通向…
lead sb. to ...　　　 引导某人去……(地方)
lead sb. to do sth. 致使某人做某事
lead a/an ... ... life 过着... ....的生活
lead ... into ... 把……领进……
lead the way 领路
(2) leading adj. 领先的
lead n．[U](戏剧等)主角；领先地位
take the lead 领先
1. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's _____________ (catch).
2. With him ___________ (lead) the way, we got there without any difficulty. But for him, we would have been lost, which would lead ____ serious consequences. His action ________________ (使我们相信) that he was our true friend.
being caught
leading
to
led us to believe
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belong to 属于　 be used /accustomed to 习惯于
be addicted to 沉溺于 stick to 坚持
devote...to 献身；致力于 adapt/adjust to 适应
object to 反对 refer to 谈到
get down to 开始做 lead to 导致
contribute to 有助于 turn to 求助；转向
attach significance to /pay attention to 重视
be close to 靠近
to为介词的短语归纳：
________________ 靠某人供给某物
depend on sb. doing sth./depend on sb. to do sth.
.
depend on/upon it that ... __________
That depends. /It all depends. 视情况而定。
independent adj. 独立的；自主的
independence n. 独立
depend sb. for sth.
依靠某人做某事
指望/相信
22. depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于
1. You may depend on _____ that all the goods will be shipped abroad on time.
2. We should show concern for Mr. Smith, an eight- year- old man near our home, because now he has nobody (depend) on.
3. The teacher will put forward a variety of questions,
(depend) on your different answers.
it
to depend
depending
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完成句子/句式升级
4. (普通表达)We don't know whether we will have the sports meeting. This depends on (取决于) the weather.
5. (高级表达)_________________________________________．
(主语从句)
6. (普通表达) You can depend on him to help you with your
English. (改为复合句)
7. (高级表达)→You can__________________________________.
Whether we will have the sports meeting depends on the weather
depend on it that he helps you with your English
Thank you!