Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills and Cultural Corner
Read the passage on P49 and choose the best answers.
1．When did Mark Kendon begin to enjoy science
A．Before he changed schools.
B．After he changed schools.
C．When he was a child.
D．When he was in primary school.
2．We can infer from the text that ______.
A．Canada has the largest number of first class scientists
B．Mark Kendon has no interest in Chemistry
C．Mark Kendon doesn't like his new school
D．Mark Kendon has his own dream
3．Which university does Mark Kendon most want to go to
A．Ottawa University. B．Harvard University.
C．London University. D．Oxford University.
4．Mark Kendon thinks he will become a（n）______．
A．scientist B．doctor
C．English teacher D．writer
5．What is the best title of this passage
A．What a Surprise!
B．Science Teaching of My New School.
C．Science, My New Interest!
D．How to Study Science.
1．It's your turn.（P48）
It's your turn相当于You're next, 意为“该你了，轮到你了”。
It's your turn.Go ahead.
轮到你了。开始吧。
It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
I think it's your turn to drive the kids to school this week.
我想这周该轮到你们开车送孩子们上学了。
轮流做某事
in turn依次地；相应地
by turns轮流地，交替地
单项选择
（2011河北保定十二县高一下期中联考）We usually take turns______the cleaning, and today it is my turn______it.
A．to do；doing B．do；do
C．done；doing D．to do；to do
2．Then put the crucible on the balance and weigh it.（P48）
然后把坩埚放到天平上称重。
balance n. [C]天平；[U]均衡，平衡 v. 权衡；（使）平衡
Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.
尽量保持工作与休闲均衡。
Riders need a good sense of balance.
骑车的人要有良好的平衡感。
You must balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
你必须权衡得失。
keep one's balance 保持平衡
I struggled to keep my balance on my new skates.
穿着新溜冰鞋，我努力保持着平衡。
lose one's balance 失去平衡
in the balance 悬而未决
the balance of nature 生态平衡
on balance 总的说来
（1）根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
①She cycled round the corner, ______ ______ ______（失去平衡）and fell off.
②The future of the project is______ ______ ______（未定）．
③It's difficult to______ ______ ______（保持平衡）on an icy pavement.
（2）单项选择
（2010湖北孝感高一下“9＋4”联合体期中）They work well together—her steadiness（稳健）acts as a（n）______ to his clever but often impractical ideas.
A．award B．belief C．balance D．contrary
3．I never used to enjoy science, but last year I changed schools, and the science teachers at my new school are excellent.（P49，Para.1）
我以前从来就不喜欢科学，但是去年我换了学校，新学校里的科学老师非常好。
used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，强调现在不再这样做。used to do ...的否定式为used not to do ...，可缩写为usedn't to do，口语中也可用didn't use to do ...。
We used to go there every year.
过去我们每年都去那儿。
He is not what he used to be.
他今非昔比了。
Taking music lessons used to be nearly impossible for the average school students in the countryside in Sichuan Province.
以前，四川省乡下普通学校的学生上音乐课几乎是不可能的。
be/get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于做某事
there used to be ... 过去常常有……
be used to do ...被用来做……
used to与would
（1）used to强调过去经常性或习惯性的行为或状态，但是现在没有这种行为或状态了，暗含今昔对比。
（2）would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，不表示今昔对比。
（1）根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
①The boy______ ______ ______ ______（过去常常迟到）for school.
②There used to be a big building here, ______ ______（不是么）
③I found the job tiring at first but I soon______ ______ ______（习惯）it.
④Bamboo（竹子）can______ ______ ______build houses.
2）单项选择
①（2011湖南浏阳一中高一下阶段性测试）We have been studying in No.1 Middle School of Liuyang for more than one month.Now we______our new school life.
A．be used to B．used to
C．is used to D．are used to
②（2010河北行唐一中高一上月考）He has got used to the school life, ______？
A．hasn't he B．has he
C．usedn't he D．didn't he
4．In the last twenty years, seven Canadian scientists have won the Nobel Prize！（P49, Para.1）
在过去的二十年里，七位加拿大科学家获得了诺贝尔奖！
in the last/past/recent＋一段时间，也常和现在完成时连用。这个句子还可以表达为：The last twenty years have seen seven Canadian scientists win the Nobel Prize!
In the past thirty years, great changes have taken place in China.
过去三十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。
单项选择
（2012甘肃嘉峪关一中高一上期中）A lot of tall buildings______in Shanghai in the past three years.
A．have set up B．have been set up
C．set up D．were being set up
5．The Nobel Prize is the highest scientific prize there is, so we should be very proud of that.（P49, Para.1）
诺贝尔奖是目前科学方面的最高奖，因此我们为此感到骄傲。
be proud of为……感到骄傲/自豪
I am proud of being a Chinese.
作为一名中国人我感到骄傲。
Your achievements are something to be proud of.
你的成就是值得骄傲的。
be proud to do自豪/骄傲做某事
be proud that对……感到自豪
take pride in为……感到骄傲/自豪
1）句型转换
She is proud of doing the job well.
She ______ ______ ______ doing the job well.
2）单项选择
（2012辽宁沈阳四校协作体高一上期中）We Chinese are proud______the great success______the area of science and technology.
A．of；in B．by；on C．with；on D．for；in
6．I'm going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University, as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.（P49, Para.2）
我打算上蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为两个（大学）都有不错的物理系。
be supposed to do 理应；应当
You are supposed to finish your homework in thirty minutes.
你们应该在30分钟之内完成作业。
He is supposed to be reading newspapers now.
他现在应该在看报纸。
Your father is supposed to have returned home now.
你爸爸现在应该已经回家了。
（1）单句改错
I suppose he will not agree.
________________________________________________________________________
（2）单项选择
（2011湖南长沙长铁一中高一上期中）I haven't seen it myself, but it ______ to be a good film.
A．is supposed B．is supposing
C．supposes D．supposed
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识和基本技能写下来并记住。
知识精华 技能要领
答案：
文本感知
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C
导学互动
即学即练：
1．D 提示：it's one's turn to do sth.“轮到某人做某事”；take turns to do sth.“轮流做某事”。句意为：我们经常轮流打扫卫生，今天轮到我打扫了。
2．（1）①lost her balance ②in the balance ③keep one's balance
（2）C 提示：balance“均衡，平衡”，符合题意。award“奖品”；belief“信念”；contrary“相反”。句意为：他们在一起工作很好——她的稳重与他聪明的但又经常不切实际的想法正好均衡。
3．（1）①used to be late ②didn't/usedn't there ③got used to ④be used to
（2）①D 提示：句意为：我们已经在浏阳一中学习了一个多月了，我们现在已习惯了新学校的生活了。be used to sth.“习惯于某事”。
②A 提示：根据句子的时态来确定问句部分，C、D两项是used to do 的反问句形式。
4．B 提示：“in the last/past＋一段时间”作状语时，句子的时态用现在完成时，又因是被动关系，故选B项。
5．（1）takes pride in
（2）A 提示：句意为：我们中国人因在科技方面的成就而感到自豪。be proud of“为……而自豪”。
6．（1）not提前到I之后改为don't，要构成否定前移结构。
（2）A 提示：be supposed to do sth.“理应干某事”。句意：我没有亲自看过这部电影，但应该是一部好电影。Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
Section Ⅱ Grammar
倍数表达法和形容词、副词的比较级
Ⅰ．倍数表达法
倍数表达法是高考的热点，英语中有多种倍数表达法。当我们要表达A是B的几倍时，常用下列三个句型来表示。
1．倍数＋形容词(副词)比较级＋than ...
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。
This car runs twice faster than that truck.
这辆轿车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。
2．倍数＋as＋形容词(副词)原级＋as ...
The earth is 49 times as big as the moon.
地球是月球的49倍。
The plane flew ten times as high as the kite.
飞机的飞行高度是风筝的十倍。
3．倍数＋the＋名词（size, height, length, width）＋of ...
This street is four times the length of that one.
＝This street is four times as long as that one.
这条街是那条街的四倍长。
I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp.
我出了往常价格的五倍买了这枚邮票。
4．倍数表达法的三种变体：
（1）
There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.
这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。
There are three times as many students as we expected.
到场的学生数是我们预计的三倍。
（2）倍数＋that of ...
The height of the big tree is twice that of the small one.
＝The big tree is twice as high as the small one.
＝The big tree is twice the height of the small one.
这棵大树的高度是那棵小树的两倍。
（3）倍数＋what从句
The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.
现在的产量是十年前的三倍。
The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.
肉价是去年的两倍。
Ⅱ．形容词、副词的比较级
1．同程度级的比较，用as ...as, the same as，such ...as。
Henry is as good a worker as Peter（is）．
＝Henry is such a good worker as Peter（is）．
亨利和彼得一样，是一名好工人。
Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.
亨利的书没有我的那么多。
His coat is the same as his brother's.
他的大衣和他哥哥的一样。
2．the＋比较级，the＋比较级
The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.
你卖的票越多，赚的钱就越多。
3．比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：
比较级＋than＋
China is larger than
4．用介词by表示相差的程度。
She is taller than I by three inches.她比我高三英寸。
5．比较级＋and＋比较级，表示“越来越……”。
The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.这座新城市变得越来越漂亮。
6．the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词表示“两个中较……的一个”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.这两个男孩中较高的那个是我的兄弟。
7．常见的修饰比较级的修饰语有rather, much, still, even, far, any（用于否定句或疑问句），a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit等。
修饰最高级的词有by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like等。
I'd like to buy the nearly most expensive camera.
我想买几乎是最贵的那台照相机。
8．注意比较结构中的省略现象。
在日常交际中，双方都明白的比较对象往往省略。
—What do you think of the film
—I have never seen a better one.（后边省略了than this film）
Tom's composition, if not better than, is at least as good as Jack's.（后边省略了composition）
9．貌似比较级的一些固定习惯用语。
（1）more B than A 与其说A不如说B
He is more lazy than slow at his work.
在工作中，与其说他动作迟缓，不如说他懒惰。
（2）more than不只是；非常
She is more than kind to us all.她对我们都非常友好。
（3）no more than＝only仅仅，只有
not more than＝at most 至多，不多于
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识和基本技能写下来并记住。
知识精华 技能要领Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
功能 Using sequence（运用先后顺序）first, then, next, after that, lastly
句型 1．The earth is forty nine times larger than the moon.地球是月球的49倍大。2．Two thirds of the earth's surface is water.地球表面的三分之二被水覆盖。3．It is hard to think of a world without metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。4．Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment.下面是一个简单的科学实验的描述。5．The closer you are, the more you'll see.你靠得越近，看得就越多。
语法 Degrees of comparison（比较级）
写作 Describing a simple scientific experiment（描述一项简单的科学实验）
考点 分数表达法（2011四川高考，18）；it作形式主语（2011江苏高考，26）；倍数关系（2011陕西高考，17）；in return（2010江西高考，29）；be supposed to（2011辽宁高考，22）
进入实验室的人们都必须遵守有关的规章制度，让我们一起来了解一下这些规章制度吧！
Laboratory Safety Rules
Science is a hands on（实际操作的）laboratory class.You will be doing many lab activities which may need the use of chemicals or equipment.To make sure of a safe science classroom, we provide you with a list of rules.These rules must be followed at all times.
GENERAL GUIDELINES（准则）
1．Never work alone.No student may work in the lab without a teacher present.
2．When first entering a lab, do not touch any equipment, chemicals, or other materials in the lab until you are asked to do so.
3．Do not eat, drink, or chew gum in the lab.Do not use lab glassware as containers for food or drinks.
4．Know the positions and operating procedures（程序）of all safety equipment, including the first aid kit and the fire extinguisher（灭火器）．Know where the fire alarms and the exits are.
5．Check the label（标签）on chemical bottles twice before removing any of the chemicals.Take only as many chemicals as you need.
6．Most chemicals in the lab are to be considered dangerous.Do not touch, taste, or smell any chemicals unless specifically asked to do so.
7．At the end of your experiment, clean everything carefully and return your equipment to where you got it.Wash your hands with soap and water after performing all experiments.
WHAT TO WEAR
1．Dress properly during a lab activity.Long hair must be tied back and shoes must completely cover the foot.
2．Contact lenses should not be worn in the lab unless you are allowed by your teacher.
3．Any time chemicals, heat, or glassware are used, students will wear lab goggles（护目镜）．Nobody should break this rule!
ACCIDENTS AND INJURIES
1．Report any accident or injury to the teacher immediately.
2．If a chemical should get into your eye（s）or onto your skin, go to the school nurse immediately.
诱思探究
Which of the following are True（T）and which are False（F）
1．Students can work in the lab by themselves if a teacher isn't present.
2．You can drink when thirsty, but you can't eat when hungry in the lab.
3．You must never wear contact lenses in the lab.
Ⅰ．词汇拓展
1．______vi.膨胀→______n.膨胀；扩张
2．______n.混合物→______v.使混合
3．______n.结论→______vt. 断定
4．______n.目标；目的→______adj.没目标的，没目的的
5．______n.反应→______vi.反应；作出反应→______n.反应物
6．______n.设备；装备→______vt.装备，配备
7．______adj.部分的；局部的→______n.部分；vi.&vt. 分开
8．______n.天平→______adj.均衡的
9．______vi.溶解；分解；分离→______adj.可溶解的
10．______adj.吃惊的；惊愕的→______n.惊讶→______vt.使吃惊，使惊讶
Ⅱ．短语互译
1．与……发生反应______________
2．找出______________
3．去吧；进行吧______________
4．应该______________
5．过去（常常）______________
6．keep ...out of ...______________
7．think highly of______________
8．out of order______________
9．in turns______________
10．with the aim of______________
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．Two thirds of the earth's surface______water.
地球表面的三分之二是水。
2．______ ______ ______ ______with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom.
下面是一个表格，列于顶部的金属反应最强烈，下部的则最弱。
3．The closer you are, ______ ______you'll see.
你靠得越近，看到得就越多。
4．In the last twenty years, seven Canadian scientists______ ______the Nobel Prize!
在过去的二十年里，七位加拿大科学家获得了诺贝尔奖！
在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！
我的困难点 我的疑问点
答案：
课前预习导学
主题导读
诱思探究：
1．F 2．F 3．F
基础导练
Ⅰ．1．expand；expansion 2．mixture；mix 3．conclusion；conclude 4．aim；aimless 5．reaction；react；reactant 6．equipment；equip 7．partial；part 8．balance；balanced 9．dissolve；dissolvable 10．astonished；astonishment；astonish
Ⅱ．1．react with ... 2．find out 3．go ahead 4．be supposed to 5．used to 6．防止……进入……
7．高度赞扬 8．出故障 9．轮流 10．带有……的目的
Ⅲ．1．is 2．Here is a table 3．the more 4．have won
Section Ⅰ Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary
Read the passage on P45 carefully and fill in the blanks.
A Simple Scientific Experiment
Aim To find out if iron 1．______in dry air, air free water and ordinary water
2．______ Three clean iron nails；test tubes；test tube holder；cotton wool；oil；Bunsen burner
Experiments Iron in dry air Iron in air free water Iron in 8．______water
Methods ★ Put some iron nails 3．______of a test tube.★ Push some 4．______down the tube.★ Leave the tube for one week. ★ 5．______a test tube with water.★ 6．______the water for three minutes.★ Put two or three clean nails in the water.★ 7．______some oil to the water.★ Leave the tube for one week. ★ Half fill a test tube with water and add two or three clean 9．______.★ Leave the tube for one week.
Results The nails don't rust. The nails don't rust. The nails rust.
10．____ Iron doesn't rust in dry air. Iron doesn't rust in air free water. Iron rusts in ordinary water.
1．When you heat a metal, it expands.（P41）
当你给金属加热时，金属就会膨胀。
expand vi.膨胀；张开；展开；扩大 vt.扩张；扩展
Expand this sentence into a paragraph.
把这个句子扩展成一段文字。
China is ready to expand cooperation with Greece and help the country through its current difficulties.
中国愿扩大与希腊的合作，帮助该国度过目前的困境。
expand ...into ...把……扩展成……
expand on/upon sth.详述某事；充分叙述某事
expansion n.扩张；膨胀；扩大
expanded adj.膨胀的；扩大的
（1）根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词
①His company______（扩大）into a big one.
②You mentioned the need for funds.Would you______ ______（详细）that
（2）单项选择
（2010湖北孝感高一下期末）To the surprise of many people, in ten years the city's population ______ by 12%.
A．gained B．expanded
C．developed D．spread
2．Two thirds of the earth's surface is water.（P41）
地球表面的三分之二被水覆盖。
分数作主语
One third of the students don't know the answer to the question.
三分之一的学生不知道这个问题的答案。
One third of one's life is spent on the bed.
人一生的三分之一是在床上度过的。
分数或百分数＋population作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
Two thirds of the population in that country are peasants.
那个国家三分之二的人口是农民。
half, quarter, most, percent, rest等词作主语时，谓语动词和这些词之后的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
Most of the water was used by Mary；the rest of it was used by me.
大部分水被玛丽用了，我用了剩下的那部分。
提示：①在英语中，表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；
②分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词加 s。
③有时在分子和分母之间加上连字符“ ”。
④一些特殊分数的表达：
1/2 a/one half；
1/4 a/one quarter或a/one fourth；
3/4 three quarters或three fourths
（1）单句改错
30% of the male population suffers from heart disease.
________________________________________________________________________
（2）单项选择
（2012黑龙江大庆铁人中学高一上期中）______of the earth's surface______covered with water.
A．Two third；is B．Two third；are
C．Two thirds；is D．Two thirds；are
3．conclusion n.结论（P44）
What led you to this conclusion
你是如何得出这个结论的？
They came to the conclusion that someone had broken into the room and stolen something important.
他们得出的结论是有人闯入房间偷走了重要的东西。
conclude v.（使）结束；推断出
in conclusion 最后；总而言之
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论
make a conclusion 下结论
（1）根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
①These are the report's______ ______（主要结论）．
②This lesson______ ______（结束）with an English song.
③He______ ______ ______（结束讲话）by wishing us all a safe trip home.
④______ ______（总之）, I'd like to say how much I've enjoyed staying here.
（2）单项选择
（2012重庆一中高一上期中）The______，I think, he drew from the simple experiment is not scientific.
A．attention B．conclusion
C．promise D．relation
4．aim n.目标；目的（P44）
The aim of the course is to improve students' reading skills.
这门课程的目标是提高学生的阅读技巧。
aim vi. 对准目标；打算
aim at sth./doing sth.瞄准；旨在
I at the target but hit the wall.
我瞄准了目标射击，但却打在了墙上。
aim to do sth.旨在做某事；打算做某事
He to be a successful writer.
他的目标是成为一个成功的作家。
with the aim of ...带着……的目的；为了
take aim at sb./sth.针对某人/某物
without aim无目的地
图示：
（1）根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词
①My sister______ ______（打算）take part in“Happy Girls”this year.
②This anti smoking organisation ______ ______ ______（旨在）young teenagers.
③We visit schools______ ______ ______ ______（目的是）getting young people interested in the theatre（戏剧）．
2）单项选择
（2010上海闸北区高三模拟）In the near future, China will increase the supply of smaller houses, ______ to help low income families to buy houses of their own.
A．aims B．being aimed
C．aiming D．having aimed
5．It is hard to think of a world without metals.（P44）
很难想象一个没有金属的世界。
当动词不定式、动名词和that引导的主语从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语置于句末。
It is important to master one or two foreign languages.
掌握一两门外语很重要。
It is no good reading in the dim light.
在暗光下读书没有好处。
It is not polite for you to enter others' room without knocking at the door.
你不敲门就走进别人的房间是不礼貌的。
It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.“某人干某事是……”，该句式中，作表语的形容词用于说明不定式行为的性质和特点，常见的有easy, important, difficult, necessary等。
It is possible for me to finish it by myself.
对于我来说独自完成它是可能的。
It is＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.“某人干某事是……”，该句式中，作表语的形容词用于描述不定式的逻辑主语的品行或性格，常见的有kind, nice, good, honest, careful, clever, wise, stupid, foolish, rude等。
It is very nice of you to help me.
你真好，这么帮我。
（1）单句改错
It is important of us to learn English well.
________________________________________________________________________
（2）单项选择
（2010湖南株洲二中高一下期中）______ is important to know how to get on with others when you grow up.
A．This B．It C．He D．She
6．The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order.（P44）
金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。
（1）reaction n.反应
They are studying reactions between iron and water.
react vt. 反应
How do acids react with metals
酸与金属怎样发生反应？
You never know how he is going to react.
你根本不知道他会作何反应。
react with “与……发生反应”，指两者之间相互起作用
react to “对……作出反应”，是单方面的
react against 反对；反抗
（2）put ...in order 把……整理有序
Put everything in order before you leave the room.
在你离开房间前把所有的东西都整理好。
Printed material was put in order.
印刷材料是按顺序排列的。
out of order（机器或设备等）发生故障，失灵；安排不当
keep order 维持秩序
give an order 发出命令
in order井然有序；按顺序；处于良好状态
1）用所给短语的正确形式填空。
react to，react with，react against
①How did they______your suggestion
②Iron______water and air to produce rust.
③Many young people______traditional values.
2）单项选择
All the things in the room were______，but she quickly______them______.
A．in order；put；in order
B．on order；place；in order
C．out of order；put；in order
D．by order；place；in order
7．The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.（P45）
放有普通水的试管里的铁钉子生锈了。
ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的
Housing prices in Beijing are out of reach for ordinary people.
北京的房价不是普通人能支付得起的。
What is ordinary in one country may be strange in another.
在一个国家很平常的事，在另一个国家可能很新奇。
ordinary, common, usual与normal
①ordinary意为“普通的，平常的，平凡的”，指惯常或正常的，强调无特殊之处，有“平淡无奇”的意思，与special 相对。
Although he is rich, he is always in ordinary dress.
尽管他富有，但是他着装朴素。
②common指最常发生，并且是“熟悉的，常见的，共有的”事情，强调普遍的，司空见惯的，与rare相对。
Snow is common in cold countries.
在寒冷的国家，雪是常见的。
③usual意为“通常的，惯例的”，强调依照某人的常例来判断，有“遵循常规”之意。
He arrived later than usual.他比平时来得晚些。
④normal意为“正常的，合乎标准的”，强调的是在正常情况下应有的。
Her temperature is normal.她的体温正常。
（1）用ordinary, common, usual或normal填空
①Whoever has______sense（常识）knows that smoking is harmful to people's health.
②Last Sunday, he went to work as______（像平常一样）．
③I'm looking for something a little more out of the ______.
④It is known that a person's______temperature（正常体温）is about 37°C.
（2）单项选择
①（2011福建漳州三中高一上期中）—Where shall we meet, Mark
—At the ______ place where we play football, OK
A．ordinary B．strange
C．usual D．normal
②（2010黑龙江哈师大附中高一期中）The policemen in ______ clothes are searching for the pickpockets in the railway station.
A．normal B．usual
C．common D．ordinary
8．You add oil to the water because this keeps air out of it.（P46）
你把油加入水中，因为这样做可以防止空气进入水。
add ...to ...把……添加到……
Please add my name to the list.
请把我的名字加到名单上。
add to增加，添加
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.
烟火使节日之夜更加迷人。
add up把……加起来
add up to总共是，合计达
图示：
（1）用add to, add up或add up to的正确形式填空。
①To everyone's surprise, his money in the bag, ______more than 10, 000 dollars, belongs to the poor man.
②Don't join them.Your turning up can't help but______their sorrow.
（2）单项选择
（2012浙江衢州高级中学高一上期中）Please have all the numbers______to see how much they______.
A．add；add up B．added to；add up
C．add up；add up to D．added up；add up to
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识和基本技能写下来并记住。
知识精华 技能要领
答案：
文本感知
1．rusts 2．Apparatus 3．at the bottom 4．cotton wool 5．Half fill 6．Boil 7．Add 8．ordinary 9．nails 10．Conclusions
导学互动
即学即练：
1．（1）①expanded ②expand on
（2）B 提示：expand“扩大，扩展”，符合题意。gain“获得，赢得”；develop“发展”；spread“传播”。句意为：使很多人感到惊奇的是十年里这个城市的人口增加了12%。
2．（1）suffers→suffer
（2）C 提示：在分数的表达法中，分子为基数词，分母为序数词，当分子大于1时分母要加 s；分数在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与分数所修饰的名词有关。
3．（1）①main conclusions ②was concluded
③concluded his speech ④In conclusion
（2）B 提示：句意为：我认为他从这个简单的实验中得出的结论不科学。draw a conclusion“得出结论”。
4．（1）①aims to ②is aimed at ③with the aim of
（2）C 提示：aim与句子的主语China之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用v. ing形式作状语。句意是：在不远的将来，中国将增加小型住房的供应，旨在帮助低收入家庭购买自己的住房。
5．（1）of→for
（2）B 提示：it在句子中作形式主语，真正的主语为to know how to get on with others when you grow up。句意：你长大后就知道和别人和睦相处是重要的。
6．（1）①react to ②reacts with ③react against
（2）C 提示：out of order“杂乱无章”；put sth. in order“把……整理有序”。
7．（1）①common ②usual ③ordinary ④normal
（2）①C 提示：usual“通常的，惯例的”，符合题意。ordinary“普通的”；strange“奇怪的”；normal“合乎标准的”。
②D 提示：ordinary“普通的”，符合题意。normal“合乎标准的”；usual“惯例的”；common“常见的”。句意为：穿着便衣的警察正在火车站搜寻扒手。
8．（1）①adding up to ②add to
（2）D 提示：add up“把……加起来”；add up to“总共是”。句意为：请把这些数字加起来，看看总数是多少。Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
Section Ⅳ Writing
写作指导
Ⅰ.佳作展示与背诵
下面是一节化学课的实验报告，请根据表格内容，用英语写一篇短文，发表在校园网双语学习专栏中进行交流。
实验目的 制取氧气
实验用品 高锰酸钾，试管，铁架台，酒精灯，集气瓶
实验步骤 1.将适量高锰酸钾放入试管2．将试管固定在铁架台上，用酒精灯加热3．收集氧气
检验氧气 把带火星的木条放在集气瓶口，木条燃烧，表明氧气集满
实验结论 高锰酸钾受热分解可产生氧气
注意：
1．词数：100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇：高锰酸钾 potassium permanganate；铁架台 iron support；酒精灯 alcohol burner；集气瓶 gas jar
One possible version
How to produce oxygen
Here is a report on a simple chemical experiment，which shows us how we can produce oxygen.
Aim：to produce oxygen
Apparatus：potassium permanganate，test tube，iron support，alcohol burner，gas jar
Method：
1．Put a proper amount of potassium permanganate into a test tube.
2．Fix the test tube to an iron support and then heat the tube with an alcohol burner.
3．After a while，we can collect oxygen with a gas jar.
Result：
If a lighted piece of wood is put around the mouth of the gas jar，it burns，which shows that the gas jar is full of oxygen.
Conclusion：
Potassium permanganate can be broken down to produce oxygen when heated.
Ⅱ.思路点拨
1．本文为科学实验报告，属于说明文。说明文是解说事物、阐明事理、给人以知、教人以用的。科学实验报告文体严谨，以传授知识为主，要求内容真实，措辞准确。时态常用一般现在时，多用祈使句和被动语态。
2．正文可运用排列式：
首先说明实验目的——制取氧气。
接着交代实验用品——实验仪器的具体名称。
重点阐述实验步骤——操作的先后顺序。
最后总结实验结论——高锰酸钾受热分解可产生氧气。
3．常用词汇
（1）描写实验目的：carry out an experiment to find out ...；The aim of the experiment is to find ...；with the purpose of discovering ...；do research on；in the hope of ...
（2）描写实验用品：To carry out/make/do/perform the experiment，you need ...；The following things are needed ...；The following apparatus is used ...
（3）描写实验方法或过程：make good preparations for ...；It is important that ...；do the experiment as follows ...；firstly；secondly；thirdly；finally；first；then；next；after that；two hours' later；after several days；find a better way of doing；be under observation；make a good study of ...
（4）描写实验结论：From this experiment we can conclude ...；in conclusion；draw/come to the conclusion that ...；We can learn from the experiment that ...；We can find out that ...；You can see/discover ...
（5）描写原因和结果：The reason is that ...；This is because ...；result from/in；lead to；cause ...
4．常用句型
Here is a ...这是一个……
...and then ...……然后……
After a while，we can ...一会儿，我们就能……
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．Here is a report on a simple chemical experiment，which shows us how we can produce oxygen.
here位于句首引导的倒装句和which引导的非限制性定语从句都是较复杂的句式，在写作中做到了学以致用。
2．Potassium permanganate can be broken down to produce oxygen when heated.
when heated是when it is heated的省略形式，这样使句式更加简洁、流畅。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
