Module 3 My First Ride on a Train
课前预习导学
课标导航
功能
Being polite（有礼貌）
1．Excuse me ...对不起……（用于打搅别人之前）
2．Could I possibly （see your ticket）？我可以（看看你的票吗）?
3．Would you mind
4．I'm very sorry but ...非常对不起，但是……
5．The fact is that ...事实上……
句型
1.what 引导的感叹句 多么……
2．It takes ...to do sth.做某事花费（某人）多少时间
3．no ...and no ...既没有……又没有……；既不……也不……
语法
1.The ed form （动词的过去分词）
2．Past tense time expressions （过去时态的时间状语）
写作
写一篇有关旅行经历的文章
考点
reference（2012江西高考，29）；get into（2012江西高考，24）；out of place（2012湖北高考，25）；现在分词作状语（2012江苏高考，31）；过去分词作定语（2011全国高考Ⅱ，9）
主题导读
随着时代的发展和科技的进步，人们旅游出行越来越方便了。但是当你探险旅行时，哪种交通工具才是最佳选择呢？下文就会告诉你。
Means of Transport for Adventure Travel
There are many different means of transport to get around，yet most people take the airplane to reach their long distance destinations（目的地）．But taking the airplane is not the most adventurous way of travelling.It will only bring you to big cities or the most popular places，skipping（跳过）the interesting countryside.And it will not bring you into contact with the locals，who are not using airplanes to get around.
Adventure travel includes finding your way around by public transport.A disadvantage may be that it takes more time to get around, but on the other hand it is a great way to meet the local people，and that's also what travelling is about，right?
In general，there are two types of public transport systems：the systems that take you from destination to destination，and the local systems that help you get around.
To travel from one destination to another, most people prefer to travel by train.Trains are comfortable，without sudden movements，and mostly you can move around in them.In some countries，however，there are few or no railways.To travel between destinations there，you will have to take the bus.
To get around within a city or a region，you need to depend on local transport.However，in every continent，every country，and even in every city，the local public transport systems are different.When travelling in the big cities，for example，in Europe，you are advised to learn the specific details of the local subway or bus system of each city.
Apart from using public transport，there are other means of travelling，for example，travelling by bicycle.It is slow，but if you have more time，it is the best way to experience the country and the region you are travelling in.
词海拾贝
get around四处旅行
way of doing sth.做某事的方式
on the other hand 另一方面
in general一般说来
apart from除……之外（还）
难句剖析
A disadvantage may be that it takes more time to get around，but on the other hand it is a great way to meet the local people，and that's also what travelling is about，right?
本句是由but连接的并列句，在第一个句子中，that it...作be的表语，构成了由that引导的表语从句；第二个句子中what travelling is about也是表语从句，作is的表语。
诱思探究
1．Why is the airplane not the most adventurous way of travelling?
2．How many means of transport are mentioned in the passage？What are they?
答案：1.Because we can't enjoy the interesting countryside and meet the locals by plane.
2．Five.They are airplane，train，bus，subway and bicycle.
基础导练
Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1．______n．距离→______adj.远处的
2．______adj.被遗弃的→______vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃
3．______n．沙漠[?dez?t]→______vt.离弃；擅离（职守）[di?z??t]
4．______n．产品→______n．产量
5．______vt.射杀→______过去式
6．______vt.使吃惊；惊吓→______adj.吓人的
7．______n．面试；面谈→______n．主考官；面谈者
8．______adj.疲惫不堪的→______vt.用完；耗尽
9．______n．风景；景色→______n．场景
10．______vt.训练→______n．培训
Ⅱ.英汉互译
1．提到；涉及到____________
2．进展；上车____________
3．为……的缩写____________
4．不再____________
5．向……射击____________
6．means of transport____________
7．in the distance____________
8．abandoned farms____________
9．out of date____________
10．at the speed of____________
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．What______ ______ ______the central part of the country is like?
你认为这个国家的中部是什么样子？
2．And______a ride!
多么精彩的旅程啊！
3．We ate great meals______by experts!
我们享用了由烹饪大师做的饭菜！
4．______at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour，the train can complete the 30 kilometre journey in eight minutes.
火车以每小时四百多公里的速度前进，在8分钟内就能完成三十公里的行程。
答案：Ⅰ.1.distance；distant 2.abandoned；abandon
3．desert；desert 4.product；production 5.shoot；shot
6．frighten；frightening 7.interview；interviewer
8．exhausted；exhaust 9.scenery；scene 10.train；training
Ⅱ.1.refer to 2.get on 3.be short for 4.no more/not ...any more 5.shoot at 6.交通方式
7．在远方 8.被遗弃的农场 9.过时；过期 10.以……的速度
Ⅲ.1.do you think 2.what 3.cooked 4.Travelling
在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！
课堂合作探究
Section Ⅰ Introduction，Reading and Vocabulary
文本感知
Read the passage on P23 carefully and fill in the blanks.
Who
An eighteen year old girl Alice Thompson and her 1.______
Where
They got on the train in Sydney and got off in Alice Springs，right in the 2.______ of Australia.
Distance
It was over 4,000 km.
Food
The meals cooked by 3.______ were great.
Scenery
The scenery was very 4.______ for the first few hundred kilometres of the journey and after that there were 5.______ and 6.______ farms.
Activities
Alice looked out of the window，talked to 7.______，read books，listened to her 8.______，and watched the night sky during the journey.
Origin
（由来）of the
train's
name
Before the 1920s
Australians 9.______ horses to travel to the middle of the country.Because of the hot weather and sand，they brought 10.______ from Afghanistan.Ghan 11.______ Afghanistan.
After the 1920s
The government built 12.______.The train replaced the camels from Afghanistan and was called the Ghan.
答案：1．friend 2.middle 3.experts 4.colourful
5．desert 6.abandoned 7.other passengers 8.Chinese cassettes 9.tried riding 10.camels 11.is short for 12.a new railway line
导学互动
1．Some of the verbs can refer to more than one means of transport.（P21）
有些动词可指不止一种交通方式。
refer to 指的是；谈到；提到；参考；呈交；涉及
I don't know whom she was referring to when she said that.
她那样说时，我不知道她指的是谁。
The author referred to his teacher twice in his article.
作者在文章中两次提到他的老师。
You may refer to your notes if you want.
如果需要，你可以参考笔记。
It was unwise in your speech to refer to rising unemployment.
你在谈话中谈到失业率上升的情况，这是不明智的。
联想拓展
refer to sb./sth. as ... 称某人/某物为……
refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.让……去查询；提交（某机构或某人）作决定
reference n．参考；查阅
短语辨析
refer to与look up
两者都可表示“查阅”，表达“在……中查阅，参考……”的意思。
（1）refer to 可直接跟dictionary，book，map等作宾语，构成refer to sth.结构；
（2）look up不能直接跟dictionary，book，map等作宾语，可用look sth.up in a dictionary，book，map ...结构。
（1）句型转换
When you meet some new words，you can look them up in your dictionary.
When you meet some new words，you can ______ ______ your dictionary.
（2）单项选择
You'd better write down the phone number of the restaurant for future ______.
A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory
2．take off起飞；脱下；成功（P21）
My plane takes off at 10：00 am tomorrow.
我乘坐的飞机将在明天上午十点起飞。
I didn't recognise him until he took off his glasses.
直到他摘下眼镜我才认出他来。
His career began to take off in his late thirties.
他年近四十事业才开始腾飞。
助记：
单项选择
In many schools，students are encouraged to______insurance to cover any problems like unexpected injuries.
A．try out B．take out C．work out D．make out
3．I first travelled a long distance by train when I was six years old.（P21）
当我6岁时，第一次乘火车进行了一次长途旅行。
distance n．距离
Love shortens distance.
有缘千里来相会。
What is the distance from your home to school?
从你家到学校有多远？
联想拓展
in the distance在远处；在远方（较远处）
at/from a distance 在远处；从远处（较近处）
The fire which lights us at a distance will burn us when near.
火在远处是明灯，火在近处烧伤人。
at/from a distance of相隔……的地方
keep sb.at a distance＝keep one's distance from 与某人保持一定的距离
distant adj.远方的；远处的
图示：
at a distance in the distance
以一定距离（在稍远处） 在远处（远距离）
（1）根据中文完成句子
①I could see the bus coming______ ______ ______（在远处）．
②The picture looks better______ ______ ______（远点儿）．
③You'd better______ ______ ______（远点儿）from the dog.It's dangerous.
（2）单项选择
Mary got ______ the bus，got ______ a car and then disappeared ______ the distance.
A．off；on；at B．out of；into；in
C．off；into；in D．out of；on；in
4．We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs ...（P23 Para.1）
我们在悉尼上车，在艾丽斯斯普林斯下车……
get on上车/船；进展
I am sure he'll get on at the next station.
我确信他将在下一站上车。
They are getting on well with their work.
他们的工作进展顺利。
How are you getting on recently?
你最近过得怎么样？
联想拓展
get on with（同……）和睦相处
get into 陷入；习惯于
get over 从……中恢复过来
get through 通过；完成
get to 到达
get off 动身；下车
get away from摆脱；逃离
（1）根据中文提示完成句子
①Our manager is easy to______ ______ ______（相处）．
②When you______ ______（完成）with your work，let's go out.
③She's still trying to______ ______（恢复）that bout of flu she had.
（2）单项选择
Sometimes Mr Wang would like to get into the countryside and______the noise，the dirt and people in the city.
A．get away from B．get out C．get on D．get off
5．For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey，the scenery was very colourful.（P23，Para.2）
就旅行的最初几百公里而言，景色真是绚丽多彩。
scenery n. （某地区的）风景；景色
The scenery along the river is quite beautiful.
沿江的风景很美。
We stopped now and then to admire the scenery.
我们不时地停下来欣赏美景。
词语辨析
scenery
总的全部的风景，表示的是室外的自然景色，为不可数名词
scene
（戏剧的）一幕，场景；（某地方或图画中的）景色，情景，景象；（事故或罪行等的）发生地点，现场
sight
（a sight）眼前看到的景观；（the sights）名胜，风景
view
视野，眼界，指从一固定位置所望见的景色
图示：
（1）用scenery，scene，sight与view填空
①Guilin is famous for its beautiful ______.
②After the fire，the house was a terrible ______.
③The Great Wall came into our ______.
④The first act is divided into four______.
（2）单项选择
Seeing the happy ______ of boys playing on the playground，I can't help thinking of my childhood.
A．sign B．act C．scene D．view
答案：1．（1）refer to
（2）B 提示：考查名词。句意：你最好写下那个餐馆的电话号码，以供日后参考。for future reference是一个常用词组，意为“以供日后参考”。
2．B 提示：try out“试验”；take out“正式获得（尤指从保险公司或法庭获得）”；work out“计算出”；make out“辨别出，理解”。句意为：在很多学校，学生们都被鼓励投保以应对任何像预料不到的伤害等问题。
3．（1）①in the distance ②at/from a distance
③keep your distance
（2）C 提示：句意为：玛丽下了公共汽车，走进了小汽车然后消失在远方。get off“下车”；get into“进入”；in the distance“在远方”。
4．（1）①get on with ②get through ③get over
（2）A 提示：get away from“摆脱”；get out“泄漏，生产”；get on“上车”；get off “下车”。句意为：王先生有时喜欢到农村去，摆脱城市中的噪音、灰尘和人群。
5．（1）①scenery ②sight ③view ④scenes
（2）C 提示：sign“符号，记号”；act“行动”；scene“场景”；view“视野，眼界”。句意为：看到孩子们在操场上玩耍的场景，我忍不住想起了我的童年。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
Module 3 My First Ride on a Train
Section Ⅱ Grammar
语法指南
Ⅰ.过去分词作定语
1．过去分词作定语一般表示动作完成或被动，及物动词的过去分词，既表示完成也表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成。
boiled eggs 熟鸡蛋（表完成和被动）
fallen leaves落叶（只表完成，不表被动）
2．及物动词的过去分词作定语，与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系，相当于一个含被动语态的定语从句；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，相当于一个主动的完成时态的句子。
We saw abandoned farms on the way.
＝We saw farms that had been abandoned on the way.
我们在路上看到了废弃的农场。
3．过去分词作定语的位置
单个过去分词以及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前作前置定语；过去分词短语作定语，通常放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语。
the spoken language（单个过去分词作前置定语）口语
a newly built hotel（由过去分词构成的复合形容词作前置定语）新建的宾馆
the language spoken in China（过去分词短语作后置定语）在中国说的语言
4．注意的几个问题
（1）有些单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。
left（剩下的，剩余的），given（所给的），concerned（有关的）。
There is only a little food left.
只剩下一点儿食物了。
（2）过去分词修饰由some，any，no与body，thing，one构成的合成不定代词以及those时，放在这些词后面，作后置定语。
Nothing reported in the newspaper interested him.
报纸上没有什么报道引起他的兴趣。
5．过去分词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别
过去分词（短语）作定语表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前，及物动词的过去分词还表示与被修饰词之间为被动关系；现在分词（短语）作定语表示动作正在进行或与谓语同时发生，与被修饰词之间为主动关系（即主谓关系）。
Have you read the books written by Han Han?
你读过韩寒写的书吗？
The girl sitting on the sofa is Kate's little sister.
坐在沙发上的女孩是凯特的妹妹。
Ⅱ.一般过去时的时间状语
1．一般过去时主要用来表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：then，at that time，just now，a moment ago，three days ago，last year，yesterday等，但更多的是通过上下文来表明时间。
I didn't feel well this morning.
今天上午我感觉不舒服。
When he came back，he found a note on his desk.
他回来时，发现桌子上有张便条。
The old man lived in China for ten years.
这个老人曾在中国住过十年。（含义：他现在不在中国，“在中国住”是过去一段时间的事。）
I usually sleep indoors，but I slept outdoors last summer.
我通常是在屋里睡觉，但去年夏天我是在屋外睡的。
I can't find the dictionary.Someone put it on the top of the bookshelf.
我找不到词典，有人把它放在书架顶上了。
2．表示过去经常或反复发生的动作时，可与频度状语often等连用，也可用“used to＋动词原形”、“would＋动词原形”结构。
When I was a boy，I often went to play in that park.
我还是个小孩儿时，经常去那个公园玩。
There used to be a big tree in front of the house.
曾经在这栋房子前面有一棵大树。
3．可以用一些表达“现在意义”的时间状语来表达，但它并不把这一“现在时间”包括在内。
Did you see him today？今天你看到他了吗？
He went to Japan this year.今年他去了日本。
4．有时候句中没有时间状语，但实际上是过去发生的事，应当用过去时，这是近几年的高考热点。
I didn't know you were also invited to the party.
我不知道你也被邀请参加晚会了。（现在已经知道了）
I didn't expect to meet you here.
我没想到在这遇见你。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
Module 3 My First Ride on a Train
Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills and Cultural Corner
文本感知
Read the passage on P29 carefully and choose the best answers.
1．If you take a Maglev train in 2004，you need ______to cover 1002 km.
A．two hours B．one hour C．half an hour D．one and a half hours
2．The advantage of travelling on a Maglev train is that______.
A．it can contain more passengers B．the ticket is cheap
C．there is no noise D．it's very beautiful
3．Why are Premier Zhu Rongji and the German chancellor mentioned in the passage?
A．To show the great value of this kind of train.
B．To show thanks to Germans for their help.
C．To have a trial use of this kind of train.
D．No special reasons，they both happened to be there.
4．From this passage，we can conclude that ______.
A．this kind of trains are only used in Shanghai
B．Germany is going to introduce magnetic levitation technology
C．Shanghai takes the lead in developing the Maglev trains in the world
D．Maglev trains' speed has increased
5．From this passage，we know that ______.
A．Maglev trains can run at more than the speed of 601 kilometres per hour
B．Maglev trains have no noise because they have no tracks
C．it was vacuum that drives this kind of train forward
D．this kind of train had been developed before 2002，though not running so fast
答案：1．A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A
导学互动
1．It's out of date.It's a month old.（P24）
它过期了，已过期一个月了。
out of date过期；过时
The computer software is too old，or rather，very out of date.
这个电脑软件太老了，更确切地说，它已经太过时了。
The suits which are popular with men will never be out of date.
深受男士喜爱的西装将永不过时。
联想拓展
out of danger脱离危险
out of order出故障
out of work失业
out of sight在视线之外
out of reach够不着
out of breath上气不接下气
out of question 无可怀疑的
out of trouble脱离困境
out of control失去控制
out of balance失去平衡
out of shape变形
out of place不在适当位置
单项选择
The furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits modern houses and their gardens，but looks______in the garden of a traditional home.
A．out of question B．out of order C．out of sight D．out of place
2．Would you mind（if I saw your ticket）？（P25）
介意（把你的票给我看一下）吗？
Do/Would you mind if ...？表示询问对方“对某人做某事是否介意”。用Do you mind if ...？时，从句用陈述语气，时态用一般现在时；用“Would you mind if ...？”时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式。
Do you mind if I open the door?
你介意我打开门吗？
Would you mind if I came in?
你介意我进来吗？
（1）句型转换
Do you mind my turning up the radio?
A：Do you mind ______ ______ ______ ______ the radio?
B：Would you mind ______ ______ ______ ______ the radio?
（2）单项选择
—Do you mind if I open the window?
—______
A．Why not？ B．Yes，help yourself.
C．Go ahead. D．Yes，but you'd better not
3．The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me.（P26，Para.1）
那只鹰突然飞向空中，把我吓了一跳。
frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓
Don't frighten her.She is just a little girl.
别吓唬她，她只是个小女孩儿。
联想拓展
frighten sb.to death 使某人吓得半死
frighten sb.
frighten away 吓跑
frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的（表人的感受，修饰人）
frightening adj.令人害怕的
If you do like this，you'll beat the grass and frighten away the snake.如果你这样做，你会打草惊蛇的。
单项选择
It was a really ______ experience.Afterwards everybody was very ______.
A．frightening；shocking B．frightened；shocking
C．frightening；shocked D．frightened；shocked
4．We were exhausted.We had to get up at 4 am and we didn't go to bed until midnight.（P28）
我们累得精疲力竭。我们必须早晨4点起床，直到午夜才睡觉。
exhausted adj. 疲惫不堪的
We were exhausted after a long walk.
走了很长一段路之后我们疲惫不堪。
The exhausted climbers were rescued by helicopter.
筋疲力尽的登山者被直升机营救了出来。
联想拓展
exhaust vt. 使……筋疲力尽
exhausting adj. 令人筋疲力尽的
be exhausted from/by/with 由于……而筋疲力尽
exhaustion n．精疲力竭
单项选择
After his long journey from abroad，Mr.Wu returned home，______.
A．exhausting B．having exhausted
C．being exhausted D．exhausted
5．Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour，the train can complete the 30 kilometre journey in eight minutes.（P29，Para.1）
以 四百多公里的时速行驶，火车在 8 分钟内能完成 三十公里的路程。
（1）Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour是现在分词短语在句中作原因状语。其逻辑主语是句子的主语the train。现在分词短语作原因状语通常位于句首，现在分词短语在句中还可以作伴随、时间、结果、条件、方式状语。
Seeing from the top of the mountain，we found the village beautiful.
当从山顶看时，我们发现这个村庄很美。
Being poor，he couldn't go to school.
因为贫穷，他不能上学。
（2）at the/a speed of ...以……的速度
The car is running at the/a speed of 100 km/h.
这辆汽车正以每小时100公里的速度行驶。
联想拓展
at a high speed 以高速
at full speed 全速
speed up 加速
单项选择
（1）______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.
A．Based B．Basing C．Base D．To base
（2）Too many private cars got out and traveled ______ high speed，causing a lot of traffic accidents on the highway during the holiday.
A．to B．at C．for D．in
答案：1．D 提示：考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些家具有着现代的式样和明亮的颜色，适合现代的房子和庭院，但在一个传统的家庭庭院里看起来就不合适了。out of question“毫无疑问”；out of order“有毛病，出故障”；out of sight“看不见的”；out of place“不合适，不协调”。
2．（1）if I turn up；if I turned up
（2）C 提示：句意为：——我打开窗户你介意吗？——打开吧。why not“为什么不”；Yes，help yourself“介意，你请随便吧”；go ahead“打开吧”；Yes，but you'd better not“介意，但你最好不”。
3．C 提示：frightening常用来修饰物，frightened常用来修饰人的表情或状态。shocked与frightened用法相同，shocking与frightening用法相同。
4．D 提示：exhausted为形容词，在句中作状语。
5．（1）B 提示：考查非谓语动词。base…on…意为“把……建立在……基础上”。由于逗号前后没有关联词，可排除构成祈使句的C项；该句主语you与base为主动关系，可排除A项，此项表示被动的过去分词形式；不定式在句首通常表示目的，不合逻辑，可排除D项；答案为B项，现在分词形式作条件状语。句意：如果你把一个重要的决定建立在情感之上而不是理智之上，你迟早会后悔的。
（2）B 提示：at high speed“高速地”。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
Module 3 My First Ride on a Train
Section Ⅳ Writing
写作指导
Ⅰ.佳作展示与背诵
假如你是王林，今年暑假乘火车与父母去拉萨（Lhasa）旅游。请根据下列内容要点用英语写一篇短文：
1．舒适、宽敞的旅游列车；
2．享受到良好的服务；
3．沿途风光迷人；
4．你的感受。
注意：
1．词数：100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3．参考词汇：氧气系统 oxygen system；草原grassland；服务员attendant
One possible version
I will never forget my first trip to Lhasa.I went there with my parents during this summer vacation.
The cruise train is wide，bright and modern，which makes us quite comfortable.The two oxygen systems make sure that passengers breathe completely easily.The attendants on the train provided us with the best service.Smiling faces and polite words were around us all the time.What's more，I appreciated the beautiful scenery all the way.The snow covered mountains，the endless grassland and some villages in the mountains made me excited.
It was really an unforgettable journey.I was amazed that our country had changed so much.
Ⅱ.思路点拨
1．这是一篇旅游记事。旅游记事是叙述在旅途中的所见、所闻及所感的，所以时态以一般过去时为主，人称为第一人称。有时也可写成旅游日记，格式与日记格式相同。
2．正文可分为三段：
第一段：开门见山，点明主题——难忘的拉萨之行。
第二段：详细描述旅程中的所见、所闻和所感。
第三段：前后呼应，深化主题——这确实是一次难忘的旅行。
3．常用语汇
（1）有关旅游的：travel，journey，tourist，sightseeing，scenery，view，guide，package ...
（2）有关景点的：beautiful，wonderful，colorful，attractive，places of interest，the beauty of nature ...
（3）有关心情的：happy，glad，amazed，unforgettable，impressive，excited，have a good time ...
4．句型
I will never forget my first trip to ...
This is the first time that I have visited ...
It's one of the most ...places that I have been to ...
We are all attracted by the beauty of nature ...
I experienced ...
I appreciated ...
It is really an unforgettable travel ...
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．The cruise train is wide，bright and modern，which makes us quite comfortable.
首先，which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面的句子，是复杂句式；再次make sb./sth.＋adj.也是写作中的常见句式。
2．What's more，I appreciated the beautiful scenery all the way.
此句中what's more和all the way的使用给句子添加了色彩。
提示：用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。
