2023届初高中英语衔接语法专题复习： 被动语态课件(共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
时态 主动语态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 do/does The trees are watered every day.
一般过去时 did They were praised by the professor.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing Some questions are being discussed now.
过去进行时 was/were doing They were being questioned when I came in.
一般将来时 shall/will/be going to do A meeting will be held tomorrow.
过去将来时 would do They said the problem would be solved soon.
现在完成时 have/has done Ten trees have been cut down since last Sunday.
过去完成时 had done He said that a plan had been made.
情态动词 情态动词+do Something must be done to protect the river.
am/is/are done
was/were done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
shall/will/be going to be done
would be done
have/has been done
had been done
情态动词+be done
在改写中应注意：
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的 ;
2.把动词变成“ ”;
3.主动语态中的主语变为介词 的宾语。
e.g. Some people attacked the towers.
S V O
The towers were attacked by some people.
S V
主语
be + 过去分词
by
1.A car knocked him down yesterday.
2.Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team．
3.When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree．
4.We’ll put on the play next Sunday．
5. Workers are building a new teaching building in our school．
He was knocked down by a car yesterday.
The medical team is made up of two doctors and ten nurses.
When I got there, a fallen tree was being cut up by them.
The play will be put on next Sunday by us.
A new teaching building is being built in our school by workers.
几种特殊结构
1. My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday．
-----I was given a gift on my birthday．
-----A gift was given to me on my birthday.
2. We often hear him play the guitar．
-----He is often heard to play the guitar
3. We should take care of the old people .
The old people should be taken care of.
注意：1)see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at 等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带 to。
2) 短语动词变被动语态时，不可丢掉动词后的_______或____________.
介词
副词
主动式表被动义
★动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词 ( ), 用主动式表被动义。
The book ________(sell) well．
This kind of cloth ______(wash) easily．
Nylon _________(clean) easily.
★作“需要”讲的 want/need/require 后接 ，用 表被动义；当然也可接 作宾语。
Your jacket needs washing.
=Your jacket needs .
read, write, sell, wash,…
well/ badly/easily/smoothly
to be washed
动名词作宾语时
主动式
不定式的被动式
sells
washes
cleans
练习（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. This dictionary mustn’t _____________(take) away from the library.
2. My shoes _____________(wear) out. I went out for a new pair.
3. His car _____________(repair) tomorrow.
4. When your homework _____________(done), we will go to play football.
5. English is widely used. Many business letters around the world _____________(write) in it.
6. This pair of scissors _____________(make) in China.
7. In the past 10 years, China _____________(send) up many man-made satellites.
8. They ____________(ask) to help the farmers with the harvest last autumn.
9. A new cinema _______________(build) here. They hope to finish it next month.
10. The shop __________(close) at 6 p.m. every day.
11. The window _____________________(clean) for weeks.
12. The steel ____________(feel) cold.
be taken
were worn
will be repaired
is done
are written
is made
has sent
were asked
is being built
closes
hasn’t been cleaned
feels
（二）选择所给动词（短语）的适当形式填空
be import wake up not invite spend deliver make come not get up
My idea of perfect happiness ________ being alone on a Sunday morning. I usually ________ at about seven o’clock - that’s when my copy of The Sunday Times ________. I ________ immediately, because I love staying in bed when I don’t have to go to work. After an hour, I have my favourite breakfast - coffee, croissants, and jam. The jam ________ from France and the croissants ________ at the local bakery. I ________ a few hours reading the newspaper and then I finally get dressed at about ten o’clock. My friends phone or ________ to the house after midday. I love talking to them or seeing them on Sunday afternoons but they know that people to share my Sunday mornings.
is
wake up
is delivered
don’t get up
is imported
are made
spend
come
are not invited
第7节
宾语从句
初升高衔接（英语）
We know him．
We know (that)he likes English.
主s
主s
谓v
谓v
宾从
宾o
在复合句中充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。
简单句
复合句
什么 是宾语从句？
试比较
引导词
主s
谓v
宾o
主句
The conjunction words
考点1：宾语从句的引导词
that/if/whether
what/who/whom/which/whose（+名词）
when/where/why/how
不缺主宾
缺主宾
不缺主宾，缺状语
The doctor wonders _______ he will come at once.
whether
She thinks ______ she has hurt her back .
that
I’m not sure ______ he will be back
when
I can’t understand ______ he said.
what
连接词-whether/if
只能用whether,不能用if的三种情况：
1.与or not连用
Let me know whether you come or not.
2.在介词之后
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
3.不定式之前
We haven't decided whether to go there.
连接词-that
1. Do you think (that) it will rain
2. He said (that) he could come on time.
3. Everybody could see what happened and that
Tom was frightened.
4. I know nothing about him except that he is from
America
观察下面的句子，总结that的省略问题：
总结：1.动词后面的that 可以省略
2. 动词后的第二个从句前的that不可以省略
3. 介词后的that 不能省略
填一填：宾语从句的引导词
1. He said ________he wanted to stay at home.
2. Do you know __________they are waiting for
3. I don’t know __________the train is late.
4. I can’t decide ___________ dictionary I should buy.
5. Could you tell me __________ the post office is
6. I don’t know _____________he will agree to the plan or not.
7. Can you tell me ___________ I can get to the railway station
that
who/whom
why
which
where
whether
how
★ 宾语从句中whether和if可互换，但作介词宾语或句中有or not时，用whether.
1.I am not sure ________ he will come or not . 我拿不准他是否会来这儿。
2.It depends on _______ you can do the work well. 这取决于你能否把工作做好。
★宾语从句中that的省略
1.Make sure _______ all the lights are turned off before you leave.
2.I believe _______you have done your best and ________ things will improve.
3.We think it highly probable ________ he is dead.
4.Your composition is well written except _________ there are a few spelling mistakes.
whether
whether
that
that
that
that
that
宾语从句必须是陈述句顺序。即：从句顺序必须是：连接词+主+谓+其他。
The word order
将下列一般疑问句变成陈述句。
1.Do you know China
2.Did you finish your homework
3. Is he your teacher
4. Can you speak English
宾语从句的语序
You know China.
You finished your homework.
He is your teacher.
You can speak English.
把下列句子加上I wonder，变成宾语从句
1.Do you know China
I wonder
2.Did you finish your homework
I wonder
3. Is he your teacher
I wonder
4. Can you speak English
I wonder
把下列句子加上I wonder，变成宾语从句
1.Do you know China
I wonder
2.Did you finish your homework
I wonder
3. Is he your teacher
I wonder
4. Can you speak English
I wonder
whether\if you know China.
whether\if you finished your homework.
whether\if he is your teacher.
whether\if you can speak English.
The tense
考点3： 宾语从句时态：
1.Please tell me what you __________（do）at this time yesterday.
2.He told me he _____________(be away) from his hometown for ten years.
3.The teacher told us light ________(travel) in a straight line.
总结：
如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时, 从句谓语可根据具体
句意来确定。如果主句谓语是过去时, 从句谓语一般
用______时态；当从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然
规律等时，谓语用_________时。
were doing
had been away
travels
过去
一般现在
★★特殊宾语从句时态：
4. He suggested the meeting _____________(put )off.
5. I demand that one of you ___________ (go) there
at once.
总结：在suggest, demand, require, insist, request, command等动词后的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气，(should)+V原
(should) be put
(should) go
★★提升拓展
I find it difficult to finish homework by nine o’clock.
it
to finish homework by nine o’clock.
it 充当形式宾语
I have made it clear that I will not accept the job.
①_________________________________等动词
后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，
而将真正的宾语后置。
在make, find, think，consider
★★提升拓展
it 充当形式宾语
★(选学)有些表示喜好的动词或短语如_____________________
___________________________等接宾语从句时，
习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it。
必背句子：
I would appreciate it if you could give me a hand.
love, like, hate, appreciate, dislike
宾语从句三要素
连接词
that
if／whether（是否 ）
特殊疑问词
时态
主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态
主句为一般过去时
从句
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
语序
宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
宾语从句是 客观真理 自然现象
公式定理 名言警句 时态一般现在时
本课小结
Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game.
2. A modern city has been set up in _________ was a wasteland ten years ago.
3. I don’t know if he __________ (come) tomorrow. If he _______(come), I will tell you.
4. This will depend on _________ the weather is fine.
5. The teacher asked ___________ handwriting was the best in our class.
why
what
will come
comes
whether
whose
6. The teacher asked the new student ___________ class he was in.
7. He said the light ___________(travel) much faster than sound
8. I doubt ______________________ he will tell us the truth.
9. ----I don’t know ______________ the Great Wall come to see us.
---- He will help us with our English.
10. --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said, David
--- Yes, Mum.
which
travels
if/whether
why
what
1.The teacher suggested ___________________________________________
(我们要为即将到来的考试作准备)
2. Do you know ___________________________________________________
(Jim 是否已做出什么决定？whether/if)
3. Our teachers always tell us to believe in ___________________(我们所做的),
if we want to succeed.
we (should) prepare for the coming exam.
if/whether Jim has made the decision
what we are doing