2023届初高中英语衔接语法专题复习 构词法 课件 (共18张PPT)

(共18张PPT)
英语
第1节
构词法
一、转换法
请说明下列划线单词的词性和意思。
1. He backed his car into the garage(车库).
2. You are not alone, and we are all backing you.
3. She’s the kind of person who talks about you behind your back.
4. Did you book a seat on the plane
5. I like reading books in my spare time.
6. She nursed her husband back to health.
7. He is a man of strong build.
8. Your shoes need cleaning.
9. Try to keep your room clean and tidy.
10. We will try our best to better our living conditions.
v.倒退
v.支持
n.背，背部
v.预约
n.书
v. 看护，照顾
n.体格，身材
v. 除去...灰尘，打扫
v.胜过，超过，使更好
adj.干净的，洁净的
练一练
P93 （二）
flat
train
ring
mean
mean
ring
flat
train
（二）选择所给单词完成下列句子
flat mean ring train
1. The east of England is __________.
2. He’s a swimmer and he wants to __________ for the next Olympics.
3. Did the telephone __________
4. What does it __________
5. He’s very __________ - he never buys a drink.
6. She wears a gold __________.
7. They want to live in a __________ near the centre.
8. Joe is getting the __________ to Glasgow.
flat
train
ring
mean
二、派生法
前缀
后缀
1.前缀 除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性。
（1）在词根前加表示否定意义的前缀，构成与原词意义相反的新词。
请写出下列单词的意思
dislike________ disagree_______ disappear_______ incorrect________
impossible________ illegal________irregular_______
inability________mislead________misunderstand________
nonsmoker__________nonstop_______ unimportant_______ unable_______
不喜欢
不同意
消失
不正确
不可能
不合法
不规则的
无能力
误导
误解
不抽烟的人
直达的
不重要的
不会的
（2）表示其他意义的前缀
请根据单词说明该前缀的含义
re-________________
co-________________
inter-________________
en-________________
tele-________________
sub-________________
eco-________________
over-________________
再，又
和...一起，共同
相互，在...之间
使...成为(构成动词)
环境的,生态的
在...以下,在...下面
远的,远距离的
太过于,完全的,上面
reuse recycle reunite review cooperate
international enable endanger enlarge
telegraph subway subtitle
eco-friendly oversleep transform transport
forecast
2. 后缀
除少数后缀外，后缀一般改变词性，而不引起词义的变化。
（1）请写出下列单词的名词形式
differ _________ perform__________ introduce____________ suggest_________ collect___________ invite__________
develop_________ agree___________ ill______________ sad_____________ warm___________ true _________ free_____________
marry_________ important________
music_________(音乐家) educate_______________(教育家)
write_________(作家) China _____________(中国人)
difference
performance
introduction
suggestion
collection
invitation
development
agreement
illness
sadness
warmth
freedom
marriage
importance
musician
educator
writer
Chinese
你还能想到那些名词后缀吗？
engineer; actress;childhood; leadship; mouthful; arrival; happiness
truth
（2）请写出下列单词的动词形式
real_________ organ_________ pure_________ class_________ beautiful_________ dark_________ weak_________ deep_________ bath_________ breath_________
realize
organize
purify
classify
beautify
darken
weaken
deepen
bathe
breathe
你知道有什么后缀可以把名词或形容词变成动词吗？
猜一猜
popularize
simplify
widen
（3）请写出下列单词的形容词形式
sun_________ taste_________ culture_________ nature_________ thank_________
success_______ danger_________ mountain________ rely_________ suit_________
attract_______ protect_________ expense_________ wood_________ gold_________
trouble______ child_________ east_________ west_________ friend_________
month_______ day_________ use________ ________(无用的) care________ ________(粗心的)
harm _________ ________(无害的)
sunny
tasty
cultural
natural
thankful
successful
dangerous
mountainous
reliable
suitable
attractive
protective
expensive
wooden
golden
troublesome
childish
eastern
western
friendly
monthly
daily
useful useless
careful careless
harmful harmless
（4）请写出下列单词的副词形式
angry_________ successful_________true_________extreme_________
happy_________ real_________ careful_________ sudden________
slow_________ quick_________ nice_________ good_________ easy______ terrible________ dangerous___comfortable_________ complete_________ usual_________ bad_________ safe_________
simple______
angrily
truly
happily
well
easily
terribly
comfortably
其余的都直接单词后面+ly
simply
三、合成法
合成法就是由两个或更多的词合成一个词。
请试着说说下列合成词的含义。
1. 合成名词
cocktail
bookshelf
thunderstorm
silkworm
daybreak
waterfall
handwriting
horse-riding
typewriter
flashlight
reading room
swimming pool
gentleman
blackboard
software
overcoat
outline
outbreak
take-away
input
fingernail
toothbrush
hillside
birthplace
bedclothes
greenhouse
daughter-in-law
2. 合成形容词
snow-white worldwide blood-red English-speaking peace-loving one-way
two-year-old five-meter-long noble-minded open-minded light-blue dark-red
good-looking easy-going ever-lasting hard-working fast-developing well-known
outspoken highly-developed state-owned short-sighted
3. 合成动词
sleep-walk sunbathe whitewash safeguard overthrow overcome blackmail
4. 合成副词
everywhere somehow however whenever forever
5. 合成介词
inside outside within without into upon
1. 对今天的本堂课的教学内容--构词法，你认为_______？
A.太难 B.适中 C.太简单
2. 这节课老师的上课进度，你认为________
A. 太快 B.适合 C.太慢
谢谢聆听