Unit6 Earthfirst
SectionA Startingout&Understandingideas
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.It is reported that over 1,000 sharks (fin) last year.
2.When I woke up,I found the ground (cover) with snow.
3.It was her first time to prove it great success.
4.I can’t seem to bring to mind the name of the place we last met.
5.What is your attitude senior high students taking up a part-time job
6.An artist has come up with a cool idea to raise (aware) of global warming.
7.She lost her watch,but (fortunate) her father found it on his way to school.
8.The change in climate might be one of the causes for the (extinct) of dinosaurs.
9.Hearing the bad news,they stood there fear and trembling,not knowing what to do.
10.When he was walking home from the office that night,he (attack) by several robbers.
Ⅱ.选词填空
rather than,cut off,the other way round,due to,in fear,come across,have an effect on,by mistake
1.The water supply has been for several days in the city.
2.The old temple was reconstructed many people’s donation.
3.When you new words you don’t know while reading,you can look them up in the dictionary.
4.When the terrible earthquake hit the town last month,many children cried .
5.You should put the knife in this way not .
6.Mr.Armstrong took the wrong umbrella ,but he didn’t realise it until he came back home.
7.What matters in life is working wisely working hard.
8.Those violent TV shows might the children’s behaviour.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.我路过的时候看到我的妹妹正在她的房间学习。
I in her room when I passed by.
2.我们正在吃晚餐,这时一个陌生人进来了。
We a stranger came in.
3.不是每个学生都通过了考试。
passed the exam.
4.老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。
The old workers instruct the young workers in words in deeds.
5.《泰坦尼克号》获得了巨大的成功,吸引了大量观众并赢得了许多奖项。
Titanic was a great success,attracting huge audiences and .
能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
(2022广西百色高一上期末)
主题语境:环境保护 难度系数:★★☆☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
India and China are leading the world greening task,a latest NASA study said on Monday.It has found that the world is a greener place than it was 20 years ago.Recent satellite data shows the greening pattern(模式) is very clear in China and India.
Data from NASA Earth satellites shows that human activities in China and India influence the greening of the planet,thanks to tree planting and agriculture.The influence comes mostly from great tree-planting programs in China and modern agriculture in both countries.
China’s great influence on the global greening mainly comes from its programs to keep and make forests larger in size.The goals of the programs are to make less land degradation(退化),less air pollution,and less climate change.
“When the greening of the Earth was first noticed,we thought it was because of a warmer,wetter climate.Now with the satellite data,we see that humans are also playing an important part,” said Rama Nemani,research scientist at NASA and writer of the study.
“Once people realize there is a problem,they may try to deal with it.In the 1970s and 1980s in India and China,the situation about vegetation(植被) loss was severe.In the 1990s,people realize it,and today things have improved.Humans are very strong.That’s what we see in the satellite data,” adding Neman.
Land areas used to grow crops are comparable in China and India more than 770,000 square miles—and have not changed much since the early 2000s.Yet,these areas have great increased both their green leaf areas and their food production.
1.Which of the following is TRUE
A.The environment 20 years ago was greener than now.
B.India has really carried out a great tree planting program.
C.The study shows our environment is getting much worse.
D.Both China and India pay attention to modern agriculture.
2.The programs to keep and make forests larger in size have .
A.one goal
B.two goals
C.three goals
D.four goals
3.At first scientists thought that caused the greening of the Earth.
A.modern agriculture
B.climate change
C.tree-planting programs
D.science research
4.The best title for the passage may be “ ”.
A.India and China are making the Earth greener
B.More than 770,000 square miles of crops
C.Recent satellite data shows the greening pattern
D.The Earth is becoming warmer and wetter
B
(2022山东菏泽高一上期末)
主题语境:城市树 难度系数:★★★☆☆ 建议用时:7分钟
Air pollution is one of the world’s invisible killers.It causes seven million deaths a year,making it the largest single environmental health risk.In cities,air pollution is particularly serious.More than 80% of people live in the areas where pollution levels are beyond WHO limits.
One well-established way to reduce air pollution is to plant trees,as their leaves catch and absorb harmful particulates(微粒).But planting new trees is not always a good choice for lack of enough space.That’s why the “City Tree”,a mobile tree which removes pollutants(污染物) from the air,has been becoming popular in cities around the world,including Oslo,Paris,Brussels and Hong Kong.
Each City Tree is just under 4 meters tall,nearly 3 meters wide and 2.19 meters deep,acting as a chair or a bench.A screen is included for information or advertising.Berlin-based Green City Organization explains that its invention has the environmental benefit of up to 275 actual trees.
But the City Tree isn’t,in fact,a tree at all—it’s a moss culture(青苔培植).“Moss cultures have a much larger leaf surface area than any other plant.That means we can catch more pollutants,” said Zhengliang Wu,co-founder of Green City Organization.
The huge surfaces of moss in each tree can remove dust,NO2 and O3 gases from the air.It requires very little care:solar panels provide electricity,while rainwater is collected into a container and then sent into the soil.
To monitor the health of the moss,the City Tree has sensors which measure soil humidity(湿度),temperature and water quality.“We also have pollution sensors inside the trees,which help monitor the local air quality and tell us how efficient the tree is.” Wu said.Its creators say that each City Tree is able to absorb around 250 grams of particulate matter a day and contributes to removing 480 tons of CO2 a year.
5.What is the City Tree
A.It is an ordinary tree growing leaves.
B.It is a mobile tree offering electricity.
C.It is a mobile tree providing rainwater.
D.It is a moss culture absorbing pollutants.
6.Why is the City Tree becoming popular in cities
A.It takes up less space.
B.It is very easy to move.
C.It requires very little care.
D.It can be used for advertisement.
7.What does the City Tree depend on to work
A.Soil and rainwater.
B.Solar panels and sensors.
C.Temperature and humidity.
D.Moss culture and management.
8.What can be the future of City Trees according to the text
A.Pressing. B.Confusing.
C.Promising. D.Worrying.
Ⅴ.七选五
主题语境:环境保护 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:6分钟
China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. 1 Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades,a series of wildlife-protection campaigns have been carried out by the central government. 2 The giant panda and the crested ibis are among these success stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s.It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas. 3 By the end of last year,seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild. 4 In 1981,only seven crested ibises were found in Yangxian County,Shaanxi Province.Since then,breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000.China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years,to help with the species’ survival.
5 Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection,including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection,and fighting against illegal wildlife trade,which includes ivory(象牙).
A.Another species was once thought to be extinct.
B.Protecting wildlife is,without doubt,an important part.
C.China will continue its efforts at the wildlife protection.
D.People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E.Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
F.As environmental damage has increased,signs of change have appeared around the world.
G.Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress due to the methods.
参考答案
Unit6 Earthfirst
SectionA Startingout&Understandingideas
Ⅰ.1.were finned 2.covered 3.a 4.where 5.towards/to
6.awareness 7.fortunately 8.extinction 9.in10.was attacked
Ⅱ.1.cut off 2.due to 3.come across 4.in fear 5.the other way round 6.by mistake 7.rather than 8.have an effect on
Ⅲ.1.saw my sister studying 2.were having dinner when 3.Not every student 4.not only;but also 5.winning many awards
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。环保人士的好消息:与20年前相比,世界变得越来越绿了。美国国家航空航天局地球卫星数据显示中国的植树造林和中国与印度的现代农业等活动主导了地球变绿的过程。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段“DatafromNASAEarthsatellitesshowsthathumanactivitiesinChinaandIndiainfluencethegreeningoftheplanet,thankstotreeplantingandagriculture.Theinfluencecomesmostlyfromgreattree-plantingprogramsinChinaandmodernagricultureinbothcountries.”可知,中国与印度都重视现代农业。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thegoalsoftheprogramsaretomakelesslanddegradation,lessairpollution,andlessclimatechange.”可知,扩大森林面积的目标有三个。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“WhenthegreeningoftheEarthwasfirstnoticed,wethoughtitwasbecauseofawarmer,wetterclimate.”可知,一开始,科学家认为地球变绿是因为气候变化。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Ithasfoundthattheworldisagreenerplacethanitwas20yearsago.RecentsatellitedatashowsthegreeningpatternisveryclearinChinaandIndia.”可知,全文谈论了中国的植树造林和中国与印度的现代农业等活动主导了地球变绿的过程,故最合适的标题为“IndiaandChinaaremakingtheEarthgreener”。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是用于减少空气污染的“城市树”。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ButtheCityTreeisn’t,infact,atreeatall—it’samossculture.”及“‘Mosscultureshaveamuchlargerleafsurfaceareathananyotherplant.Thatmeanswecancatchmorepollutants’”可知,“城市树”是一种吸收污染物的苔藓。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Butplantingnewtreesisnotalwaysagoodchoiceforlackofenoughspace.”和第三段中的“EachCityTreeisjustunder4meterstall,nearly3meterswideand2.19metersdeep,actingasachairorabench.”可知,“城市树”在城市里流行起来是因为它占用更少的空间。
7.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itrequiresverylittlecare:solarpanelsprovideelectricity,whilerainwateriscollectedintoacontainerandthensentintothesoil.”和最后一段中的“Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuresoilhumidity,temperatureandwaterquality.”可知,城市树靠太阳能电池板和传感器工作。
8.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ItscreatorssaythateachCityTreeisabletoabsorbaround250gramsofparticulatematteradayandcontributestoremoving480tonsofCO2ayear.”可知,“城市树”的未来是有前途的。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步,其中保护野生动物无疑是重要的一环。
1.B 根据上句“Chinahasmadegreatimprovementsinenvironmentalprotectionduringthepast70years.”可知,在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。根据下句“EachspeciesonEarthhasaroletoplayintheecosystem.”可知,地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中起着作用。所以保护野生动物无疑是重要的一个环节。故选B项。
2.G 根据上句“Inrecentdecades,aseriesofwildlife-protectioncampaignshavebeencarriedoutbythecentralgovernment.”可知,近几十年来,中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动。所以对一些濒临灭绝的物种的保护由于采取了这些措施而取得了令人瞩目的进展。故选G项。下文的“Thegiantpandaandthecrestedibis”也是提示。
3.E 根据下句“Bytheendoflastyear,sevenoftheninepandasreleasedhadsurvivedinthewild.”可知,到去年年底,放归的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活。所以科学家们一直致力于喂养大熊猫,然后将它们放归野外。故选E项。
4.A 根据下文可知,1981年,在陕西省的洋县,只发现了七只朱鹮。而近年来,中国甚至将朱鹮送往日本和韩国,以帮助该物种的生存。所以A项“另一个物种曾经被认为要灭绝了”。符合语境。
5.C 根据下文可知,继续实施重点保护工程,包括制定国家保护野生动植物名录,打击包括象牙在内的非法野生动物贸易。所以中国将继续加强野生动物保护。故选C项。
1SectionB Usinglanguage
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s water .
2.A heavy learning burden leads to unhealthy behavior such as poor eating habits,which in turn the health of students.
3.The government made an attempt to the building to its original state,but failed.
4.Don’t release the news to the public until we give you the (许可).
5.When applying for a job,you should (使……突出) your experience and skills.
6.Millions of people faced starvation as a result of the (旱灾) in Africa.
7.This nature (保护区) has had a lot of work done recently in order to help the butterflies.
8.Today, (可持续的) development is a popular trend in many countries.
9.The (员工) are not very happy about the latest pay increase.
10.The government has taken some measures to deal with the (雾霾) problem,but it may be some time before the situation improves.
Ⅱ.选择合适的单词填空
1.I’d like to see the plan (carrying,carried) out.
2.We should find opportunities to hear English (speaking,spoken) as much as possible.
3.He raised his voice to make himself (hearing,heard) by all the students in the classroom.
4.He found his bag (gone,going) on his way home.
5.The woman found a young man (stealing,stole) her wallet.
6.We can hear our names (call,called) by the teacher.
7.The teacher noticed the students (discussing,discuss) questions in groups.
8.The thief was brought in with his hands (tie,tied) behind.
9.You must get the work (done,doing) before Friday.
10.The boy was seen (crying,cries) in sorrow because of his grandma’s death.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.我从未听过这首歌在我们学校唱过。
I have never in our school.
2.因为一些贵重物品被偷,他立即报了警。
,he called the police immediately.
3.经理让我们在他的办公室里等了一个小时。
The manager in his office for an hour.
4.老人在事故中伤了腿。
The old man in the accident.
5.我们看到这位年轻的教授与他的学生们正愉快地交谈。
We to his students happily.
能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2022辽宁重点中学协作校高一上期末)
主题语境:环境保护 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
Rhinos once lived throughout Eurasia and Africa but now are only found in very small parts of Asia and Africa.There are many false beliefs that a rhino horn can cure medical problems.Every year in Africa,hundreds of rhinos are killed for their horns.The horn is usually cut so deep that the rhino is left to bleed to death.So,environmentalists cut off the rhino horn,leaving behind just a small amount to prevent the animal being killed for the horn.However,many hunters will kill a rhino for that small remaining stump.Very soon,rhinos are dying out.But why should we care about this Rhinos are far away from us.
The World Wildlife Fund(WWF) argues that we should set aside reserves to protect rhinos,as well as animals and plants that live in the same areas.Rhinos are one of the most popular animals that people go to Africa to see.It is the same with pandas in China.Many people especially visit China to see the pandas,which is good for the economy of these areas.In addition,they have increased the status of China in the world as people are impressed with the work that the Chinese are doing to save their wildlife.
But beyond these practical and economic reasons that benefit humans,there is another argument for saving animals from extinction.This argument is based on the animals themselves—every animal,however small or seemingly insignificant,is interesting,unique and beautiful in its own way.They are deserving protection,even if it means that humans lose areas in which to live and farm.
However,there is a new way of thinking about protection.That is,we can’t take care of ourselves without also protecting nature.In specific situations we might choose to favor man and,in others,nature,but overall,we have to protect both.Because it’s not just a matter of the direct goods that ecosystems offer us.Instead,it’s about seeing the needs of human society and wild ecosystems as inseparable.This view is called “nature and people”.
1.What does the first paragraph serve as
A.An introduction. B.A comment.
C.An explanation. D.An example.
2.Why do environmentalists cut off part of the rhino horns
A.Because they value the practical worth of rhino horns.
B.Because they believe rhino horns can cure people of diseases.
C.Because they intend to keep rhinos from being killed by hunters.
D.Because they want to use rhino horns to provide financial support.
3.What can we infer from the new way of thinking about protection
A.We choose to live in harmony with nature.
B.We would like to protect significant creatures.
C.We prefer to favor man rather than protect nature.
D.We are more likely to value the direct goods from nature.
4.Which of the following is the main point of the passage
A.The ways that environmentalists set up nature reserves.
B.The profit that environmentalists gain from protecting animals.
C.The action that environmentalists take to save wildlife.
D.The reason why environmentalists save wildlife.
Ⅴ.完形填空
(2022黑龙江双鸭山高一期末)
主题语境:个人故事 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:12分钟
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1 .He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age.
When he was 16,Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 ,the number of snakes had declined as well.He 6 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 7 .The solution,of course,was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime.He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.However,Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy.Molai built at the 13 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform,where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater.The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below.
Molai 15 to plant trees for the next 37 years.His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1.A.dream B.job
C.home D.choice
2.A.nature B.youth
C.culture D.knowledge
3.A.precious B.interesting
C.disturbing D.awkward
4.A.waste B.tension
C.pain D.damage
5.A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
6.A.agreed B.realized
C.remembered D.predicted
7.A.noise B.heat
C.disease D.dust
8.A.directions B.partners
C.help D.shelter
9.A.labor B.police
C.forest D.finance
10.A.rebuilt B.discovered
C.left D.managed
11.A.Decorating B.Observing
C.Watering D.Guarding
12.A.tough B.illegal
C.fantastic D.beneficial
13.A.back B.top
C.foot D.side
14.A.cool down B.keep off
C.purify D.collect
15.A.returned B.learned
C.failed D.continued
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2022湖南长沙二十一中高一上期中)
主题语境:自然环境 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:10分钟
The Amazon rainforest 1. (cross) into eight countries,including Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region of France,all on the South American continent.With 2. area of around 6 million square kilometres,the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River,3. which the rainforest gets its name,is close to 6,400 kilometres in 4. (long)—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.On its journey from the mountains to the ocean,the river 5. (support) many different ecosystems.They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth:one in ten 6.(know) species in the world can be found here.
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us,more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon.This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat;these water 7.(lily) are big enough to lie down on.The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.At the bottom there is a system of roots 8. the ground.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods,and 9.(final) the tops of the tallest trees are many metres above the ground.Each level of the forest forms its own little world,home to different kinds of 10. (live) things.
参考答案
SectionB Usinglanguage
Ⅰ.1.supply 2.damage 3.restore 4.permission
5.highlight 6.drought 7.reserve 8.sustainable9.staff 10.smog
Ⅱ.1.carried 2.spoken 3.heard 4.gone 5.stealing
6.called 7.discussing 8.tied 9.done 10.crying
Ⅲ.1.heard the song sung 2.With something valuable stolen
3.kept us waiting 4.had his leg broken 5.saw the young professor talking
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了环保人士通过剪掉犀牛角的一部分,来保护犀牛不被猎杀,从中引出保护野生动物免于灭绝的原因以及一种关于保护的新思路。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段“Rhinosoncelived...Rhinosarefarawayfromus.”可推知,第一段的作用是引入文章主题。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thehornisusuallycutsodeepthattherhinoislefttobleedtodeath.So,environmentalistscutofftherhinohorn,leavingbehindjustasmallamounttopreventtheanimalbeingkilledforthehorn.”可知,环保主义者要剪掉犀牛角的一部分是因为他们打算防止犀牛被盗猎者杀死。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,thereisanewwayofthinkingaboutprotection...Thisviewiscalled‘natureandpeople’.”可推知,我们可以从新的保护思维方式中推断出我们选择与自然和谐相处。
4.D 主旨大意题。文章主要说明了环保人士通过剪掉犀牛角的一部分,来保护犀牛不被猎杀,从中引出保护野生动物免于灭绝的原因以及一种关于保护的新思路。可知,文章的主要观点是环保主义者保护野生动物的原因。
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候,一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致一些动物失去了遮蔽物,很多鸟儿离开,蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切,他经过努力,在附近找到了一个小岛,开始种树。在30多年的时间里,他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
1.C 这个村庄位于一些湿地附近,那里成了他的第二个家。dream梦想;job工作;home家;choice选择。根据空前的second可知,他出生的村庄是他的家,村庄附近的一些“湿地”成了他的第二个“家”。
2.A 他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。nature自然;youth青春,年轻;culture文化;knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。
3.C 16岁时,Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。precious宝贵的;interesting有趣的;disturbing令人不安的,引起烦恼的;generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提道:洪水侵袭,很多鸟儿离开,蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常,令人不安。
4.D 那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了这个地区,洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。waste废物;tension紧张;pain疼痛,痛苦;damage损害,伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区,它会“损害”庄稼、树木,这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。
5.A 此外,蛇的数量也减少了。besides此外,另外;however但是;therefore因此;otherwise否则。根据aswell可知,洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且,它还导致蛇的数量减少。
6.B 他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。agree同意;realize意识到;remember记住,记起;predict预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B项。
7.B 他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。noise噪音;heat热;disease疾病;dust尘土。根据常识可知,树木可以提供阴凉,从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。
8.D 当然,解决的办法是种树,这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。direction方向;partner伙伴,合作伙伴;help帮助;shelter遮蔽,庇护,遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。
9.C 他向森林部门求助,但被告知那里什么也不长。labor劳动;police警察;forest森林;finance财政,金融。根据前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知,Molai想要种树,所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。
10.B 然而,Molai自己去看了看,发现了附近的一个岛屿,他开始在那里种树。rebuild重建;discover发现;leave离开;manage设法做成。根据前面的“lookingonhisown”可知,他自己去看,那么接下来就应该是他“发现”了一个小岛。
11.C 对一个孤独的男孩来说,在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。decorate装饰;observe观察到;water浇水;guard守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“thedryseason”可知,在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。
12.A 对一个孤独的男孩来说,在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。tough困难的;illegal非法的;fantastic极好的;beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知,Molai想尽办法收集雨水,由此推知,旱季缺水,给幼苗浇水很“难”。
13.B Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。back背部;top顶端;foot脚;side一边,一侧。根据该段最后一句“Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知,水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知,竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的“顶端”。
14.D Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。cooldown冷却下来;keepoff与……保持距离;purify净化,使纯净;collect收集。根据常识可知,陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知,他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。
15.D 在接下来的37年里,Molai继续种树。return返回;learn学会;fail失败;continue继续。根据后一句可知,他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知,在接下来的37年里,他“继续”种树。
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚马孙雨林以及它在自然界的作用。
1.crosses 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:亚马孙雨林跨越八个国家,包括巴西和秘鲁,以及法国的一个海外地区,都在南美大陆。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词,描述的是客观事实;主语TheAmazonrainforest为单数,因此动词需要使用第三人称单数。故填crosses。
2.an 考查冠词。句意:亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米,比中国的一半还大。分析句子结构可知此处位于可数名词area之前,因此需要填冠词;area为元音音素开头,故填an。
3.from 考查介词。句意:亚马孙河是热带雨林的源头,它的长度接近6400千米,大约比长江长100千米。分析句子结构可知,空格处是定语从句;从句中缺少介词,此处表示来自亚马孙河,故填from。
4.length 考查词性转换。句意:亚马孙河是热带雨林的源头,它的长度接近6400千米,大约比长江长100千米。此处位于介词in之后,因此需要填名词,故填length。
5.supports 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:在从山区流向海洋的过程中,河流支撑着许多不同的生态系统。分析句子结构可知,空格处缺少谓语动词,描述的是客观事实,主语为单数。故填supports。
6.known 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们让这个地区拥有地球上最丰富的生物多样性:世界上十分之一的已知物种都可以在这里找到。分析句子结构可知,句子中已经有谓语动词,因此需要填非谓语动词,与逻辑主语之间为被动关系,因此需要使用过去分词。故填known。
7.lilies 考查名词的数。句意:这种高大而古老的巴西坚果树出产我们可以吃的坚果;这些睡莲大得可以躺在上面。根据these可知,需要填名词复数。
8.beneath 考查介词。句意:在底部,有一个扎根的系统。根据atthebottom可知,此处应该指的是“在……下面”;此处“根”与地面之间相互接触。故填beneath。
9.finally 考查词性转换。句意:然后是高耸的古老硬木,最后是离地面好几米高的最高的树的顶端。根据前句中的then可知,此处表示顺序;此处位于句首,修饰整个句子,因此需要使用副词。故填finally。
10.living 考查形容词。句意:森林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界,是不同种类生物的家园。分析句子结构可知此处修饰名词,因此需要填形容词。故填living。
1SectionC Developingideas&Presentingideas&Reflection
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单句填空
1. (concern) about his student,the teacher called the student’s parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.
2.Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals which mistake them food.
3.If any employee is found (leak) the trade secret,he or she will be fired immediately.
4.Our English teacher creates an atmosphere in class we are free to express ourselves.
5.In the past twenty years,a huge amount of environmental damage (cause) by air pollution.
6.One-third of the country covered with trees and the majority of the citizens black people.(be)
7.In order to ease the traffic pressure,huge amounts of money (be) spent on the new highways in 2019.
8.You’d better have the old furniture (remove) in order to make room for the new furniture.
9.They urged me (eat) the strange food which I have never seen before.
10.The Nobel Prizes would be awarded to people who made great (contribute) to the causes of peace,literature,and the sciences.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in some cases,depend on,mistake...for...,call on,turn off,break down,depend on,take...into account
1.Students must interest when choosing courses.
2.You can’t imagine the machine must at this busy hour.
3.The fact is that all living things the sun for their growth.
4. ,this destination is not a choice which is worth considering.
5.What makes me disappointed is that people often me my sister Lily.
6.Please tell Tom not to leave the classroom unless he makes sure that all the lights are .
7.We people to learn from Lei Feng,who sets a good example to all of us.
8.Whether we need more food how many people turn up.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.就我而言,所有的学生和老师都应该努力工作,把安全放在心上。(concern)
2.大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。(majority)
3.我们学校现在的学生人数是十年前的五倍。(倍数)
4.成功不仅仅在于你做了什么,你没有做什么也同样重要。(depend on)
5.在做决定之前,你应该考虑到各个方面。(take...into account)
能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2022安徽安庆高一上期中)
主题语境:环境保护 难度系数:★★★☆☆
建议用时:7分钟
The earth is dying before us,yet we sit and watch.If the TV or the game system breaks,we run off to the stores to get it fixed immediately no matter what the cost.Why aren’t we willing to fix our earth Are our televisions and game systems more important to us than where we live Where shall we continue to live,until the end of time
The earth is our home and cannot be replaced.We must take care of it.We have come up with so much technology that limits us instead of helping us.Take that game system we run to repair for example.What does it do It occupies kids’ time!The earth has already given kids plenty of entertainment in the forms of fields and hills,forests and plains,water and land.However,instead of using what the earth has given us,and helping kids by giving them exercise as they run around,we decide to ruin kids’ minds with game systems that glue them to the screen for hours,and make them ignore their homework and chores.We have polluted this earth by making these things which do not even help in any way!
We have already messed up this world,we have ruined the air,water,and animals that it has so willingly provided for us.We need to stop this destruction of life and bring back the world we had before.It will not be easy,but everybody can help!What about something as simple as turning the lights off when you leave a room Recycling what can be recycled Picking up litter Donating money to an environmental organization None of these things are very hard.We can’t just always say,“Oh,the earth is a mess.Ah,well,those big companies that are polluting so much can stop and fix it.” Instead,we need to help out.It’s not only those big companies;it’s everyday things that we do too that are ruining the earth.So,stop and think about what you can do to make a difference to our world!
1.Why does the author mention televisions and game systems in paragraph 1
A.To make people better aware of the urgency to the protection of the earth.
B.To explore the great harm done to the earth by too much technology waste.
C.To show the relationship between overuse of those things with early death.
D.To remind people to spend less on them and use the saved money in a wiser way.
2.It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that the author .
A.thinks we must take care of our irreplaceable home—the earth
B.thinks running around in fields occupies too much of kids’ time
C.takes an extremely negative attitude to things like game systems
D.takes it for granted that technology gives kids plenty of entertainment
3.What does the underlined word “glue” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Return. B.Attract.
C.Attach. D.Stick.
4.What is the main purpose of the passage
A.To criticize those big companies that ruin the earth.
B.To ask people to save kids from the harm done by pollution.
C.To give kids plenty of entertainment in a clean environment.
D.To call on people to stop ruining the earth.
Ⅴ.应用文写作
(2022湖南长沙二十一中高一上期中)
全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题,请你根据以下提示,写一篇英语短文,为节能减排献计献策。
要点提示:
1.全球变暖的原因和危害;
2.应对措施;
3.……
注意:
1.词数 80~100;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考答案
SectionC Developingideas&
Presentingideas&Reflection
Ⅰ.1.Concerned 2.for 3.leaking 4.where 5.has been caused 6.is;are 7.were 8.removed 9.to eat10.contributions
Ⅱ.1.take;into account 2.break down 3.depend on 4.In some cases 5.mistake;for 6.turned off 7.call on8.depends on
Ⅲ.1.As far as I am concerned,all the students and teachers should work hard and keep safety in mind.
2.The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.
3.The number of the students in our school now is five times as big as it was ten years ago.
4.Success doesn’t only depend on what you do.What you don’t do is equally important.
5.You should take all aspects into account before you make a decision.
Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过电脑游戏来反思我们做的许多事情已经毁坏了我们的母亲——地球,号召人们停止毁坏地球的活动。
1.A 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Theearthisdyingbeforeus,yetwesitandwatch.IftheTVorthegamesystembreaks,werunofftothestorestogetitfixedimmediatelynomatterwhatthecost.Whyaren’twewillingtofixourearth ”及“Whereshallwecontinuetolive,untiltheendoftime ”和第二段中的“Theearthisourhomeandcannotbereplaced.Wemusttakecareofit.”可知,电视和游戏系统坏了我们都会立即去修,对于正在我们面前垂死的地球——我们不可替代的家园,它出问题了,我们更要去好好照顾、修理,可得出作者在第一段提到电视和游戏系统是为了使人们更好地意识到保护地球的紧迫性。
2.C 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Itoccupieskids’time!”和“However,insteadofusingwhattheearthhasgivenus,andhelpingkidsbygivingthemexerciseastheyrunaround,wedecidetoruinkids’mindswithgamesystemsthatgluethemtothescreenforhours,andmakethemignoretheirhomeworkandchores.Wehavepollutedthisearthbymakingthesethingswhichdonotevenhelpinanyway!”可知,作者认为游戏系统占用了孩子们的时间,让他们忽略家庭作业和家务,是无用的东西,可得出作者对游戏系统之类的东西持极端消极的态度。
3.B 词义猜测题。由第二段中的“Itoccupieskids’time!”和“However,insteadofusingwhattheearthhasgivenus,andhelpingkidsbygivingthemexerciseastheyrunaround,wedecidetoruinkids’mindswithgamesystemsthatgluethemtothescreenforhours,andmakethemignoretheirhomeworkandchores.”可知,游戏系统占用了孩子们的时间,说明游戏系统很吸引人,以至于他们把多数时间花在屏幕上,glue在此处意为“吸引”。
4.D 推理判断题。由上文对于“我们做的许多事情已经毁坏了我们的地球母亲”的介绍和最后一段中的“So,stopandthinkaboutwhatyoucandotomakeadifferencetoourworld!”可知,本文旨在唤醒人们停止毁坏地球,而是要保护地球。
Ⅴ. With the rapid development of the economy,pollution has become one of the most serious problems nowadays.The emission of greenhouse gases not only results in more and more CO2 in the atmosphere but also keeps the temperature going up.It has many harmful effects on human beings and nature,such as the rise of sea levels,many natural disasters and so on.
Therefore,it’s time to take steps to make a difference.First of all,we should save energy.Secondly,we should plant more trees as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh our spirit when we look at them.Finally and most importantly,we should talk with our family and friends about global warming to raise people’s awareness of the importance of protecting the environment.
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