2022-2023学年人教版（2019）必修二：Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 学案（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2022-2023学年人教版（2019）必修二：Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures 学案（含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-01 12:23:29 | ||
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Unit 3 The Internet
Discovering Useful Structures
一、语法指南
Ⅰ.现在完成时的被动语态的2个用法
1.表示动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，经常与一些副词连用，如：already，ever，never，recently，lately，just，yet等，通常把这些副词放在助动词have或has的后面，有时候也可以放在句末。
Tom's novel has not been published yet.汤姆的小说还没有出版。
2.表示一直持续到现在的动作或状态，经常与for a time，since，how long，so far等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
The child has been taken care of by grandma all these years.
这些年来，孩子一直由奶奶照看。
【注意】
现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，就是have/has和been，这两个都是助动词，缺一不可。
Ⅱ.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示的是一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，它的结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态，动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但强调这个动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。
*The house was built last year.
这个房子是去年建造的。
*The house has been built. We can move in.
这个房子已经建好了。我们可以搬进去。
Ⅲ.注意事项
1.由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态，不能与表示一段时间的状语(如：for four days，how long等)连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。试比较：
*How long has this book been bought (×)
*How long ago was this book bought (√)
2.短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。试比较：
*The patient has been taken good care. (×)
*The patient has been taken good care of. (√)
3.并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如：happen，occur，take place，break out，belong to，cost，last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。试比较：
*Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table. (×)
*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table. (√)
二、同步练习
（一）
1.Financial problems of the company (discuss) for nearly two hours.
2.In the last few years thousands of films _________(produce) all over the world.
3.Tom's new novel ________________________ (not publish) by now.
4.Shakespeare's play Hamlet _______(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
5.It's the first time that the computer _____(check) since I bought it.
（二）
6.无论我什么时候遇到麻烦，我总是想到你。
______ ______ ______ ______ trouble, I think of you.
7.她整天都让门关着以避免受到打扰。
She _______ the door _______ to _______ _______ troubled.
8.你没有任何借口再次麻烦我。
You have ______ ______ ______ ______ me once more.
9.无论我想出什么办法，这台机器就是不工作。
No matter what ways I thought of, the machine _______ _______.
10.你务必离这些野生动物远一些。你越靠近它们，你就越有可能受到攻击。
Be sure to stay away from the wild animals. ______ ______ you get to them, ______ ______ ______ you are to be attacked.
答案以及解析
二、
（一）
1.答案：have been discussed
解析：由时间状语for nearly two hours可知句子的谓语动词使用现在完成时, discuss与主语Financial problems of the company构成被动的关系,因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been done.故答案为: have been discussed
2.答案：have been produced
3.答案：hasn't been published
4.答案：has been made
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的数年里， 莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。over the past years"在过去的数年里"常与现在完成时连用，又因play与make之间为被动关系，故设空处用现在完成时的被动语态。
5.答案：has been checked
解析：考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自从我买了这台电脑后，这是第一次检查。本句为“It is the + 序数词+ time that...”句型，意为“这是第几次做某事”，that 从句应用现在完成时；且句子主语computer和动词check之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
（二）
6.答案：Whenever I get into
7.答案：kept, closed, avoid being
8.答案：no excuse for troubling
9.答案：wouldn't work
10.答案：The closer, the more likely
Discovering Useful Structures
一、语法指南
Ⅰ.现在完成时的被动语态的2个用法
1.表示动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，经常与一些副词连用，如：already，ever，never，recently，lately，just，yet等，通常把这些副词放在助动词have或has的后面，有时候也可以放在句末。
Tom's novel has not been published yet.汤姆的小说还没有出版。
2.表示一直持续到现在的动作或状态，经常与for a time，since，how long，so far等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
The child has been taken care of by grandma all these years.
这些年来，孩子一直由奶奶照看。
【注意】
现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，就是have/has和been，这两个都是助动词，缺一不可。
Ⅱ.现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示的是一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，它的结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态，动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但强调这个动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。
*The house was built last year.
这个房子是去年建造的。
*The house has been built. We can move in.
这个房子已经建好了。我们可以搬进去。
Ⅲ.注意事项
1.由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态，不能与表示一段时间的状语(如：for four days，how long等)连用，而要改换动词或者是时态。试比较：
*How long has this book been bought (×)
*How long ago was this book bought (√)
2.短语动词不能分割，而且不能省略短语动词中的介词或副词。试比较：
*The patient has been taken good care. (×)
*The patient has been taken good care of. (√)
3.并不是所有的动词都有被动语态。如：happen，occur，take place，break out，belong to，cost，last等不及物动词或词组，就没有被动语态。试比较：
*Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table. (×)
*Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table. (√)
二、同步练习
（一）
1.Financial problems of the company (discuss) for nearly two hours.
2.In the last few years thousands of films _________(produce) all over the world.
3.Tom's new novel ________________________ (not publish) by now.
4.Shakespeare's play Hamlet _______(make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
5.It's the first time that the computer _____(check) since I bought it.
（二）
6.无论我什么时候遇到麻烦，我总是想到你。
______ ______ ______ ______ trouble, I think of you.
7.她整天都让门关着以避免受到打扰。
She _______ the door _______ to _______ _______ troubled.
8.你没有任何借口再次麻烦我。
You have ______ ______ ______ ______ me once more.
9.无论我想出什么办法，这台机器就是不工作。
No matter what ways I thought of, the machine _______ _______.
10.你务必离这些野生动物远一些。你越靠近它们，你就越有可能受到攻击。
Be sure to stay away from the wild animals. ______ ______ you get to them, ______ ______ ______ you are to be attacked.
答案以及解析
二、
（一）
1.答案：have been discussed
解析：由时间状语for nearly two hours可知句子的谓语动词使用现在完成时, discuss与主语Financial problems of the company构成被动的关系,因此使用现在完成时的被动语态have been done.故答案为: have been discussed
2.答案：have been produced
3.答案：hasn't been published
4.答案：has been made
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的数年里， 莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。over the past years"在过去的数年里"常与现在完成时连用，又因play与make之间为被动关系，故设空处用现在完成时的被动语态。
5.答案：has been checked
解析：考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：自从我买了这台电脑后，这是第一次检查。本句为“It is the + 序数词+ time that...”句型，意为“这是第几次做某事”，that 从句应用现在完成时；且句子主语computer和动词check之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
（二）
6.答案：Whenever I get into
7.答案：kept, closed, avoid being
8.答案：no excuse for troubling
9.答案：wouldn't work
10.答案：The closer, the more likely