Unit 2 Wildlife Protection
Discovering Useful Structures
一、语法指南
现在进行时表将来时的被动语态
1.现在进行时的被动语态的基本结构
肯定结构 be (am/is/are) being done
否定结构 be (am/is/are) +not+being done
一般疑问结构 be (am/is/are) +主语+being done
特殊疑问结构 特殊疑问词+be (am/is/are) +主语+being done
*The plan is being discussed at the meeting now.
现在这个计划正在讨论过程中。
A new law is being made to prevent endangered animals from extinction.
为了阻止濒危动物的灭绝,新的法律正在制定中。
*Workers are cutting down some trees in the park.
→Some trees are being cut down by workers in the park. (被动语态)
→Where are some trees being cut down by workers?(特殊疑问句)
【注意】
主动语态变被动语态的原则
“三变”原则:
原主变为by短语,
原宾变为现主语;
谓语主动变被动。
“三不变”原则:
原句意思不变;原句时态不变;
原句主谓宾以外成分不变。
2.现在进行时的被动语态的基本用法
(1)表示此刻正在进行的被动动作,常与now,look等词连用。
*Look! The baby is being taken care of by her aunt.
瞧!那个婴儿正由她的姑姑照料着。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作,但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。
*Many speeches about Chinese traditional culture are being held these days.
这一阵子许多有关中国传统文化的讲座正在举行。
(3)表示按计划主语将要承受的某个动作。
*A Christmas party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场圣诞晚会。
(4)表示经常的被动行为,常和always, often, constantly等词连用(表示某种感彩)。
*Tom is always being praised by the teacher.
汤姆总是受到老师的表扬。
3.使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题
(1)在现在进行时的被动语态中be (am/is/are)为第一助动词,being为第二助动词,缺一不可,且位置不可互换。
*But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules.
但是既然信息正在以不同的方式被传播与监控,研究者正在发现新的规则。
(2)像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时,其中的介词不可省略。
*The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about.
阻止非法捕猎的方法正在研讨中。
(3)“be (am/is/are) +under/in+n.”有时相当于现在进行时的被动语态。
*Many questions are under discussion.
=Many questions are being discussed.
许多问题正在被讨论。
(4)有时表“状态,心理活动,情感”等的动词,常用于一般现在时的被动语态表示“正在进行”。
*The runaway of the traffic accident is wanted by the police.
警方正在通缉交通事故的逃逸者。
二、同步练习
(一)
1.Tom _____(treat) at the hospital now, so he can't attend the meeting at present.
2.Please wait a moment. The dishes ________________ (cook) in the kitchen.
3.Your experiment report _____(type) now and it will be finished soon.
4.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _________(repair) at the garage.
5.A new building ________________ (build) in our school, which we'll use next term.
(二)
6.在他看来,他已经适应当地的生活。
______ ______ ______, he has adapted to the local life.
7.和大自然和睦相处难道不对吗
______ ______ ______ ______ live in harmony with nature
8.谈到濒临灭绝的物种时,教授几乎无法控制自己的情绪。
______ ______ ______ ______ the endangered species, the professor could hardly control his ______.
9.没有各种各样的生物,我们的生活将会变得完全不一样。
______ ______ ______ ______ living creatures, our life ______ ______ completely different.
10.这些智能机器人已经引起世界各国的注意。
The intelligent robots ______ ______ ______ ______ of all the countries over the world.
答案以及解析
二、
(一)
1.答案:is being treated
解析:考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意:汤姆现在正在医院接受治疗,因此他目前不能参加会议。根据now可知,本空应用现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作;且句子主语Tom和动词treat之间为被动关系,故本句应用现在进行时的被动语态。
2.答案:are being cooked
3.答案:is being typed
解析:考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意:你的实验报告现在正在打印中,很快就会完成。根据now及空后内容可知,本空应用现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作;且句子主语your experiment report和动词type之间为被动关系,故本句应用现在进行时的被动语态。
4.答案:is being repaired
5.答案:is being built
(二)
6.答案:In his opinion
7.答案:Isn't it right to
8.答案:When it came to, emotions
9.答案:Without all kinds of, would become
10.答案:have attracted the attention