2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes 词汇与短语+单项填空+短文改错+句式与语法+完形填空+阅读理解（29份）

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes任务型阅读1
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入一个恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Passage 1
What Should You Do When an Earthquake Hits?
If you find the ground shaking beneath your feet，there’s an international consensus on how you should act.Earthquake safety boils down to three basic steps：
1.Drop to the ground.
2.Take cover by getting under a sturdy desk or table.
3.Hold on to it until the shaking stops.
If there isn’t a table or desk near you，drop to the ground in an inside corner of the building and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.Do not try to run to another room just to get under a table.
If you are in bed，hold on and stay there，protecting your head with a pillow.You are less likely to be injured staying where you are.Broken glass on the floor has caused injury to those who have rolled to the floor or tried to get to doorways.
If you are outdoors，move to a clear area if you can safely do so；avoid power lines，trees，signs，buildings，vehicles，and other hazards：If you’re at the movies or a sports game，stay at your seat and protect your head and neck with your arms.Don’t try to leave until the shaking is over.Then walk out slowly watching for anything that could fall in the aftershocks.
If you’re driving a car，pull over to the side of the road，stop，and set the parking brake.Avoid overpasses，bridges，power lines，signs and other hazards.Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over.If a power line falls on the car，stay inside until a trained person removes the wire.
If you’re by the shore，drop，cover and hold on until the shaking stops.Estimate how long the shaking lasts.If severe shaking lasts 20 seconds or more，immediately evacuate to high ground as a tsunami （海啸） might have been generated by the earthquake：1Vlove inland 3 kilometers（2 miles）or to land that is at least 30 meters（100 feet） above sea level immediately. Don’t wait for officials to issue a warning.Walk quickly，rather than drive，to avoid traffic,debris and other hazards.
If you live downstream for a dam，you should know flood-zone information and have prepared an evacuation plan.Latastrophie failure is unlikely，but dams can fail during major earthquakes.
The main point is to try not to move and to immediately protect yourself as best as possible where you are.Earthquakes occur without any warning and may be so violent that you cannot run or crawl；you therefore will most likely be knocked to the ground where you happen to be.You will never know if the initial jolt will turn out to be start of the big one.
In addition，studies of injuries and deaths caused by earthquakes in the US over the last several decades indicate you are much more likely to be injured by falling or flying objects（TVs，lamps，glass，bookcases，etc.）than to die in a collapsed building.“Drop，Cover and Hold on” offers the best overall level of protection.
答案：1.Measures/Steps/Action 2.covered 3.or/otherwise/since 4.avoiding/not 5.supposed/expected 6.pull 7.escape 8.prepare 9.where 10.less
Passage 2
Events such as hurricanes，earthquakes，floods，volcanic eruptions，and tornadoes are all natural disasters.They are mostly related to the weather.Some are predictable—like a hurricane.Some，like an earthquake，surprise us.It is necessary for us to learn about them，so we can be prepared!
Flooding happens during heavy rains，when rivers overflow，when ocean waves come onshore，when snow melts too fast or when dams or banks break.Flooding is the most common of all natural disasters.
Hurricanes are severe tropical storms that form in the southern Atlantic Ocean，Caribbean Sea，Gulf of Mexico，and in the Pacific Ocean.Hurricanes gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters.Evaporation from the sea water increases their power.
Hurricanes have winds at least 74 miles per hour.When they come onto land，the heavy rain，strong winds and heavy waves can damage buildings，trees and cars.
Tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms.Tornadoes must always be taken seriously.
Tornadoes can be very dangerous—sometimes even deadly.They come from powerful thunderstorms and appear as moving.Tornado winds can reach 300 miles per hour.They cause damage when they land the ground.They can damage an area one mile wide and 50 miles long.
While thunder won’t hurt you—lightning will! So it’s important to pay attention when you hear thunder.Thunderstorms happen mostly in summer and every thunderstorm has lightning.Lightning can strike people and buildings，which is very dangerous.
Thunderstorms affect small areas when compared with hurricanes and winter storms.The typical thunderstorm is 15 miles in diameter and lasts an average of 30 minutes.
A volcano is a mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock，steam，gases escape from time to time with violent force from inside the earth.When pressure increases，eruptions occur.Gases and rock shoot up through the opening fill the air with small pieces.Eruptions can cause lava flows，hot ash flows，mudslides，falling ash and floods，which is likely to knock down entire forests，cause floods and earthquakes.Fresh volcanic ash can cause damage to the lungs of older people，babies and people with respiratory problems.
Terrible Natural Disasters
Natural 1
Reasons
Basic features
Possible damage to
Flooding
Heavy rains
The most common
Ocean 4
Snow melts
Dams or banks breaks
2
Heavy 5
Buildings
Strong wind at least 74 miles per hour
7 and cars
Heavy waves
Tornadoes
Wind 300 miles per hour
A large 8
Dangerous，even
6
Thunder
Lightning
People and 9
Volcanic 3
Pressure inside Earth
Gases and rock shoot up
Entire 10
Cause floods and earthquakes
The people’s health
答案：1.disasters 2.Hurricanes 3.eruptions 4.waves 5.rain 6.deadly 7.Trees 8.area 9.buildings 10.forests
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes任务型阅读2
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入一个恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Passage 1
Most scientists are now certain that global warming is taking place.Gases such as carbon dioxide produced by burning of coal，oil，wood，together with industrial pollution，are creating a warm blanket around the earth.This blanket is trapping heat in the atmosphere and so raising the temperature of the earth.
The evidence for global warming can now be seen in the world’s changing climate statistics.In Europe，eight of the last ten years have seen record high temperature.For northern Europe，this has generally been a change for the better.Gardens can even now grow tropical plants in England，though London may never see a “White Christmas” again.On the other hand，the countries around the Mediterranean Sea，and those south of the Sahara desert are receiving even less rain than before.In sub-Saharan Africa the crops are drying out in the fields and people are dying of starvation.In the Americas，the climate is becoming more extreme—the summers are getting hotter and hotter and the storms are becoming more violent.In 1999 the southern United States was struck by a series of destructive hurricanes，while the end of 1999 saw the worst floods ever in Venezuela.Meteorologists expect such trends to continue，and indeed to worsen，if global warming cannot be halted （终止）.
In addition to worrying about rising global temperatures and more extreme weather conditions，scientists are closely monitoring sea levels around the world.These are slowly rising，as the northern and southern polar ice-caps start to melt.This will have serious consequences for low-lying countries near the sea，such as the coral islands in the Pacific，and Bangladesh where the River Ganges already folds the delta （三角洲） every year.Already parts of these places are disappearing under the rising tides.
Title：Global Warming
Main items
Contexts
1
Gases from burning coal，oil，and wood with industrial pollution.
2
In European countries:
Record high temperature in the last 3 .
In the countries around the Mediterranean Sea:
It is 4 less than before.
In sub-Saharan Africa:
The crops are drying out in the fields and people are 5 to death.
In Americas:
6 hot summers.
More 7 storms and worst floods.
8
9 earth temperature
10 polar ice-caps
答案：1.Causes/Reasons 2.Evidences 3.decade 4.raining 5.starving 6.Increasingly 7.violent/destructive 8.Consequences 9.Rising 10.Melting
Passage 2
Becoming a fireman is a challenging and competitive job today.A fireman’s main duty is being scheduled according to the fighting and extinguishment （扑灭） of fire which definitely requires being a strong man，both mentally and physically.
The duty of a fireman involves protection of life and property of the public.They are the servicemen who are decisively selected by an organization to deal with situations like fire.The duty of a fireman intentionally consists of helping innocent people in their time of need.Such type of jobs is one of those few jobs where service is provided for people when they need help immediately.This may include rescuing people from a building at fire，providing them with medical facilities，extinguishing fire in a house or in a large commercial building.Serving people is the main intention of these professionals.The satisfaction which a fireman gets from this type of job cannot be compared to any other profession in the world.
Such profession demands top-level commitment and professionalism from those who have chosen it as a career.Fireman should possess the highest level of courage and patience to put their lives in danger for the sake of others.They undergo lessons of maintaining patience for long hours and go through complete preparation to become successful and well-organized professional firemen.There are certain tests that are recommended before becoming a fireman.
It’s not that easy to become a fireman nowadays.A fireman is supposed to deal with unexpected situations，and they should be skilled at communicating with others and be self-disciplined at the same time.
In order to be a good fireman，one must undergo（经历，接受）strict local fire department’s training program after passing all the tests.All the fire departments conclude a two-to-four-month course，including classroom training and practical training that cover firefighting techniques，fire avoidance，dangerous materials and urgent situation medical actions.Completing this training，trainees go through the department’s trial period of service that can last from three to six months，depending on the methods of selection.
Firemen usually work both indoors and outdoors.They have to be on duty at all times and mostly work in shifts of at least 8 hours.They are also provided with several benefits which include medical aid plan，pension fund，annual leave and many more.
Title：Fireman
Definition
The servicemen decisively selected by an organization to 1 situations like fire.
2
·Helping innocent people 3 they need help.
·Rescuing people from a building at fire and providing them with medical facilities.
· 4 out fire in a house or in a large commercial building.
Requirements
·Having top-level commitment and professionalism.
·Being courageous and 5 .
·Being strong both in body and 6 .
·Having good 7 skills.
·Being self-disciplined.
8
·Firefighting techniques，fire avoidance，dangerous materials and urgent situation medical actions.
·The department’s trial period of service which possibly 9 3～6 months.
10
Medical aid plans，pension fund，annual leave and many more.
答案：1.handle/approach 2.Duties/Responsibilities 3.whenever/when 4.Putting 5.patient 6.mind 7.communication/communicating 8.Training/Courses 9.lasts 10.Benefits

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes单词拼写
第Ⅰ组
1.They befriended the young girl，providing her with food and （庇护；保护）.
2.We were all （震惊）when we heard about the accident.
3.He was too excited to （表达） himself clearly.
4.It is an area where natural （灾害） often happen.
5.Many men were （埋葬） underground when the accident at the mine happened.
6.A great many houses were d in the earthquake and many people became homeless.
7.The interruption of e made us unable to do anything on the computer.
8.Many pipes b before the earthquake happened.
9.He was i when he was working in his workshop.
10.C to you on your passing the driving test.
答案：1.shelter 2.shocked 3.express 4.disasters 5.buried 6.destroyed 7.electricity 8.burst 9.injured 10.Congratulations
第Ⅱ组
1.Older students were having difficulty in studying and o themselves.
2.Without （电），modern life would be very different.
3. （判断） from his appearance，the manager must be over fifty.
4.Dead and （受伤的） people lay everywhere after the terrible accident.
5.Nobody likes to share his room with Gerard.He has s feet.
6.Their happy memories of the wedding are still f in their minds.
7.Never try to trouble him by French.French is as f to him as English.
8.That boy was really lucky.After being caught in his car for 60 hours he was r .
9.That night the high fence gave us some （隐蔽） from the sandstorm，or we wouldn’t have been back here.
10.I was terribly excited because that was the first （鼓励） I had ever received.
答案：1.organizing 2.electricity 3.Judging 4.injured 5.smelly 6.fresh 7.familiar 8.rescued 9.shelter 10.encouragement
第Ⅲ组
1.Before the earthquake，the water p in some buildings cracked and b in the city.
2.The election was the main e of that year.
3.Hard hills of rock became rivers of d .In a short time，a large city lay in r .
4.The （苦难）of the people was extreme.
5.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was （毁坏了）.
6.In Lybia now，water，food and （电力） are hard to get.
7.People began to wonder how long the （灾难） would last.
8.B under the ruins，the miners wondered when they could be rescued.
9.Workers built s for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
10.Act out an interview between a （记者） and a survivor from the Tangshan earthquake.
答案：1.pipes，burst 2.event 3.dirt；ruins 4.suffering 5.destroyed 6.electricity 7.disaster 8.Buried 9.shelters 10.reporter

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes单项填空1
第Ⅰ组
1.The audience waited until Shenzhou-X touched the ground and then applause.
A.burst out B.burst on C.burst in D.burst into
2.It will at least take five months to repair the ship that was seriously by the hurricane （飓风）.
A.hurt B.ruined C.damaged D.broken
3. from what he said，he knew nothing about the accident.
A.To judge B.Judged C.Judging D.Having judged
4. is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A.It B.As C.That D.Which
5.The more careful pedestrians are walking on the road， .
A.there will be less accidents B.the less there will be accidents
C.the less accidents will there be D.the less accidents there will be
6.—Many people are suffering from the earthquake.
—I see.Food and clothes should be sent to them .
A.on purpose B.at present C.right away D.ever since
7.It was a night，the dam cracked and then burst under the weight of water.
A.frighten B.frightened C.frightening D.frightens
8.Alice， on your wonderful performance！I’ll treat you to cold drinks.
A.congratulation B.good luck
C.congratulations D.good lucks
9.—Mum，I’ve at last passed the final exam.
—
A.Congratulations! B.That’s all right.
C.Good luck. D.Really good.
10.— large number of books have been stolen from the library，haven’t they?
—Yes. number of them is 26，000.
A.The；The B.A；The C.A；A D.The；/
11.It everyone to hear all of the villagers behind the mountain were killed in the earthquake.
A.suffered B.shocked C.persuaded D.destroyed
12.—Why did you throw your radio away?
—Water had got into it，and it was completely .
A.ugly B.smelly C.useless D.fluent
13.Soon after the quake，one thousand soldiers were sent out to the miners from the local coal mine.
A.shelter B.rescue C.bury D.injure
14.Two days later，the fighting between the two countries left the area .
A.in fear B.in silence C.in ruins D.in peace
15.—What’s the matter? It seems you’ve caught a cold.
—Oh，I’m just too tired.
A.as if B.ever since C.because D.when
答案：
1.D burst out意为“迸发，突然（哭/笑……）”，后接doing，不能直接跟名词；burst on意为“突然来到”；burst in意为“闯入”；burst into意为“突然进入某种状态”，后接名词；burst into applause的含义是“突然爆发出掌声”。
2.C hurt表示“伤害”；ruin表示“毁掉”；damage表示“损坏”，但可以修复；break表示“打碎，打破”。根据句子中的repair the ship可知应选择damaged。
3.C judging from是固定短语，意思是“从……来判断”。
4.B as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首，而which引导非限制性定语从句不能置于句首。
5.D “the＋形容词的比较级＋主语＋谓语，the＋形容词的比较级＋主语＋谓语”为固定句型。句意：行人在路上走时越小心，交通事故就越少。
6.C 句意：“地震灾区的很多人们正在受苦受难。”“我知道，食物和衣服应该‘立即（right away）’送给他们。”on purpose故意地；at present目前；ever since从那以后。
7.C 句意：那是一个可怕的夜晚，大坝断裂，然后在水的压力下突然决堤了。frightening “可怕的，令人恐惧的”，形容事物，符合题意。frighten“吓唬；使惊吓”；frightened“受惊的，受恐吓的”，形容人。
8.C congratulation表口头祝贺一般用复数，故排除A项；而luck为不可数名词，故排除D项；从语境可以看出是在演出之后，故排除B项选择C项。
9.A 本题考查交际用语。孩子通过了期末考试，所以母亲应该表示祝贺。B项可用于回答表示歉意的话；C项应在考试之前说；D项有汉语的特征。
10.B 此题考查短语辨析。a number of 许多，大量；the number of...……的数量。根据两句的句意可知B项正确。
11.B 此题考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到山后的所有村民都在地震中遇难的消息，每个人都感到震惊（shocked）。suffer遭受，忍受；persuade说服，劝说；destroy破坏，消灭，均不符合句意。
12.C 此题考查形容词词义辨析。根据答语“收音机进水了”可推测它完全没有用了。故选C。ugly丑陋的；smelly有臭味的；fluent流畅的，均不符合句意。
13.B 此题考查动词词义辨析。句意：地震后不久，一千名士兵被派去营救当地煤矿里的矿工。故选B，rescue“营救”。shelter掩蔽；bury埋葬，隐藏；injure损害，伤害，均不符合句意。
14.C 此题考查短语辨析。句意：经过这两个国家两天的战争，这个地区变成了废墟。in ruins严重受损，破败不堪，符合句意。in fear害怕地；in silence沉默地；in peace和平地。
15.A 问句句意：怎么了？你好像感冒了。as if好像，符合句意。ever since从那以后；because因为；when当……时，均不符合句意。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes单项填空2
第Ⅱ组
People seldom realize the voice needs looking after.Many people over 65 are left
much older than they are.
A.sounded B.sounding C.to sound D.to be sounded
2.Soon after the mud-rock flow hit Zhouqu，Gansu Province，many soldiers came to the

as many people were trapped underground.
A.shelter B.identity C.rescue D.disaster
3.The little boy burst .
A.out cry B.out crying C.into being cry D.into crying
4.It seems the company Dubai World is unlikely to survive in this serious financial crisis.
A.like if B.because of C.as if D.for that
5.They found the remains of buildings under the sand，together with a lot of treasures.
A.being buried B.buried C.to be burie D.burying
6.That car accident all his life.After that he was limited to a wheelchair.
A.damaged B.destroyed C.harmed D.ruined
7.Lily had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.
A.too much heavy B.too heavy much C.much too heavy D.heavy too much
8.In 19th-century Europe， number of women used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape.
A.the；/ B.the；a C./；a D./；the
9.The doctor is operating on the patient ，please don’t disturb him.
A.right away B.right now C.in no time D.just now
10.The number of people in the world about 6 billion and large quantities of waste
each year.
A.totals；has been produced B.totals；is produced
C.totals；are produced D.total；are being produced
11.“ is not right” doesn’t mean “ is right”.
A.Something；nothing B.Anything；nothing
C.Everything；nothing D.Nothing；something
12.This year will be and I wish we had a happy ending.
A.in the end B.at an end C.by the end D.end up
13.I an old photo from the drawer yesterday，which reminded me of the days we spent together on the farm.
A.dug out B.dug into C.dug in D.dug down
14.Don’t play with electricity，or you may get an electric .
A.strike B.beat C.shock D.knock
15.Mary her great sadness when she learned that the earthquake left her hometown in ruins.
A.expressed B.judged C.suggested D.told
答案：
1.B 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：人们很少意识到声音也需要呵护。许多65岁的人听起来比他们的年龄大得多。leave常用于“leave+宾语+宾补”结构，宾补可以是现在分词或者过去分词。分析结构可知，此处就是“leave+宾语+宾补”的被动形式，宾语people over 65与sound之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作补语，故B项正确。
2.C 本题考查名词词义辨析。句意：泥石流袭击甘肃省舟曲后不久，许多士兵被派去救援因为许多人被困地下。come to the/one’s rescue来救某人，前来救援，为固定搭配，故C项正确。
3.B 句意：那个小男孩突然大哭起来。burst out crying=burst into tears突然大哭起来，故B项正确。
4.C 本题考查名词性从句。句意：看起来好像迪拜世界集团不太可能在这个严重的经济危机中生存下来。 It seems as if+从句“看起来好像……”为固定句式，故C项正确。
5.B 本题考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现建筑物的废墟以及许多珍宝被埋在沙子下面。分析结构可知，此处是“find+宾语+宾补”结构，the remains of buildings与bury之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补，B项正确。
6.D 本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：那次车祸毁掉了他的一生。自那以后，他就只能坐在轮椅上了。damage损害，但能修复；destroy完全毁灭，往往毁灭的是物；harm伤害；ruin毁灭，毁掉。由句意可知D项正确。
7.C 句意： 莉莉不得不叫了辆出租车因为箱子太重了，整个回家的路上她搬不动。much too heavy to carry 表示“太重以至于拿不动”。
8.B 本题考查冠词。句意：在19世纪的欧洲，许多妇女穿着紧身内衣以塑造好体型。 第一空特指19世纪的欧洲，要加定冠词the，第二空用a number of表示“许多，大量”，故B项正确。
9.B 句意：医生正在给病人动手术，请不要去打扰他。right away立刻，马上，不与进行时连用；right now现在；in no time立刻，马上；just now刚才，要与一般过去时态连用。由语境可知B项正确。
10.C 本题考查主谓一致。当主语为the number of＋复数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以先排除D项。而quantities of之后无论跟可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词一律用复数形式，所以排除A、B两项。从each year可以看出用一般现在时，所以选C项。
11.C 本题考查代词。句意：“ is not right”并不意味着“ is right”。everything is right为部分否定，意思是“并不是所有的都对”；nothing is right意思是“什么也不对”，故C项正确。
12.B 句意：今年就要结束了。我祝愿我们有个完美的结果。in the end最后，终于；at an end结束，终结；by the end（of）到……末为止；end up结束，为动词短语，不能在be动词后面。由语境可知B项正确。
13.A 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：我昨天从抽屉里发现了一张旧照片，这张照片使我想起了我们在农场一起度过的日子。dig out 发现，符合语境。
14.C 句意为“别玩电，要不你会触电的”。根据句意可知C项正确。get an electric shock意思是“触电”。
15.A 考查动词辨析。句意：听说震后家乡成为一片废墟，玛丽表示非常难过。express one’s sadness意为“表示难过”，符合题意。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes单项填空3
第Ⅲ组
1.The lifeboat was sent out to the sailors from the sinking ship.
A.shelter B.rescue C.escape D.trap
2.The mother’s actions her love more than any words could do.
A.expressed B.said C.meant D.judged
3.The Sound of Music is the first English film I have ever seen.
A.which B.that C.when D.what
4.There are more girls than boys in that school，with of the students being girls.
A.three fifth B.three fifths C.third five D.thirds five
5.He is a man.He always says what he thinks.
A.curious B.serious C.sincere D.upset
6. his parents expected，he was admitted into the big local company.
A.What B.As C.Which D.That
7.I you what you have achieved.
A.celebrate；on B.congratulate；on
C.congratulate；for D.celebrate；for
8. foreigners come to our school for a visit every year.
A.A great number B.A good many of C.A great deal D.A great many
9.You will your chances of getting a good job if you don’t work harder than your colleagues.
A.injure B.wound C.ruin D.harm
10.When you are in the earthquake-hit areas，don’t get too close to the buildings
roofs are under repair.
A.whose B.which C.of which D.that
11.When the firemen arrived，the whole ancient temple had been completely in the heavy fire.
A.injured B.wounded C.damaged D.destroyed
12.His film is sure to win the award because it by most people.
A.thinks well of B.is thought well
C.is well thought D.is well thought of
13.—You have lots of friends，right?
—Yes. I go，I am willing to make new friends.
A.Somewhere B.There C.Everywhere D.Nowhere
14. to be no time for checking the answers before handing in the papers.
A.It seems B.There seems C.We seem D.What seems
15.They were walking along the shore a huge wave appeared out of nowhere，sweeping them out to sea.
A.as B.while C.when D.though
答案：
1.B 考查动词辨析。句意：救生艇被派出去救援沉船的水手。shelter掩蔽；rescue营救；escape逃脱，逃跑；trap使陷入困境。 由句意可知选B。
2.A 句意：这位妈妈用行动表达的爱胜过任何言语。express常用来表示“表达某人的思想、情感、意见等”。
3.B 从句中缺少宾语，when不可以作宾语，排除C项；what不可引导定语从句，排除D项。又因先行词被序数词修饰时，通常用that而不用which。故答案选B项。
4.B 表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过1时，分母要用复数。故答案选B项。
5.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是一个直爽的人——他总是怎么想就怎么说。curious“好奇的，好事的”；serious“严肃的”；sincere“诚实的，坦率的”；upset“不安的”。结合句意可知C项正确。
6.B 考查定语从句。句意：正如他父母所期望的，他被一家当地的大公司录取。as 引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句首，意为“正如”。
7.B 句意：我祝贺你所取得的成就。表示“祝贺某人某事”用congratulate sb.on sth.，所以B项正确。
8.D a great number后面应先加介词of，再加可数名词；a good many也可为a great many，可直接修饰可数名词，不加介词of；而a great deal后也要先加介词of再加不可数名词。所以选D。
9.C 考查动词辨析。此处ruin表示“毁掉（……的希望）”。
10.A 考查定语从句。关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰roofs，因而使用whose。
11.D 考查动词辨析。destroy表示完全毁坏无法修复，与前面的completely正好吻合。
12.D 句意：他的电影肯定会获奖，因为大多数人都看好它。think well of sth.重视某事，看好某物。此处为被动语态，of 不能省。
13.C 答语意为：是的，不管我去哪里，我都喜欢结交新朋友。everywhere此处用作连词，引导状语从句。
14.B 考查there be结构的变化句型。句意：在交卷前似乎没有时间检查答案了。故用there seems to be...的结构形式。
15.C 句意：他们正沿着海岸走着，这时一个巨浪突然出现，将他们卷入大海。连词when引导时间状语从句，when相当于and then，常常带有“突然”之意，be doing...when...可翻译为“正在……，突然……”或“正在……，这时……”。

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes句式与语法
1.too...to... 太……而不能……
【常考用法】
too...to...结构并非都表示否定意义，在下列情况下表肯定：
(1)当too后形容词是表示人的态度、情绪倾向等的形容词如glad，anxious，eager，ready，happy，pleased等。
(2）can’t/can never too...表示“再……也不为过，一定要……”。
In the farmyard，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家庭院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。
You can’t be too careful when crossing the street.过马路时一定要非常小心。
I’m too willing to help you.我非常愿意帮助你。
She is too young to take care of herself.她太小了不能照顾自己。
2.It seemed as if... 看上去好像……；似乎……
【常考用法】
（1）as if好像，仿佛；可以用as though替代。
（2）as if/though后面的从句如果叙述与现实相差太远，就要用虚拟语气，叙述与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式（be用were）；叙述与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词往往用had done。
It seemed as if everything was wrong.看上去好像全错了。
It seemed as if/though he had nothing to do with this matter.他看上去好像与此事毫无关系。
He acted as if/though nothing had happened.他表现得好像什么也没发生。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2012·辽宁高考）Leave your key with your neighbor you lock yourself out one day.
A.as long as B.even though C.in case D.as if
答案：C 分析空格前后两个句子的逻辑关系我们知道，空后的内容是条件，因此选in case，意思是“以防；假如”。句意：把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。其他三个选项中，as long as也是表达“条件”，但是意思是“只要”；even though引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”；as if引导方式状语从句，意思是“似乎”。
（2）（2012·北京高考）Don’t handle the vase as if it made of steel.
A.is B.were C.has been D.had been
答案：B 句意：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。as if引导的方式状语从句或表语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；又由Don’t handle...可知此处应为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用动词的过去式were，故B项正确。做对此题的关键在于牢记as if引导虚拟语气的形式。
（3）（2011·湖南高考） Jack wasn’t saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him he had done something very clever.
A.as if B.in case C.while D.though
答案：A 本题考查连词。句意：杰克什么也没说，但是老师朝他微笑好像他做了聪明事似的。as if好像，仿佛；in case万一；while虽然，尽管；though尽管。由句意可知A项正确。
（4）（2010·新课标全国高考）Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.
A.so that B.although C.while D.as if
答案：C 句意：当客人们快要吃完饭的时候玛丽煮了咖啡。so that引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句；although引导让步状语从句；as if引导方式状语从句，均不符合句意。由句意可知应选while，意为“当……的时候”。
（5）（2010·安徽高考）The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities， they have the interest.
A.wherever B.whenever C.even if D.as if
答案：C 句意：工程师们如此忙以至于没有时间进行户外体育活动，即使他们有兴趣。wherever “无论哪儿”；whenever“无论何时”；even if “即使”；as if “好像”。根据句意可知应选C项。
（6）（2008·全国高考Ⅰ）—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?
—I don’t mind where we go there’s sun，sea and beach.
A.as if B.as long as C.now that D.in order that
答案：B 考查连词的用法。as long as意为“只要”。
（7）（2007·浙江高考）Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice， they knew it to be valuable.
A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that
答案：C 本题考查连词的用法。句意：他们中的许多人不听他的建议，尽管他们知道那很有价值。as if好像；now that既然；even though尽管；so that结果是。
（8）（2005·广东高考）You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor you have to wait.
A.even if B.as if C.in case D.in order that
答案：C 句意：当你去看医生时最好带着一些读物以防你不得不等待。even if即使；as if好像；in case以防，万一；in order that为了。显然C项正确。
3.leave+宾语+宾补 使……处于……状态
【常考用法】
该结构中宾补可以是现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、介词短语、形容词、副词等。
Many people were left homeless after the earthquake.地震过后，许多人无家可归。
Don’t leave the water running all the time while brushing your teeth.
刷牙时不要让水一直流着。
The writer died leaving his works unfinished.那位作家去世了，他的作品还未完成。
4.all...not...=not...all 并不都……
【常考用法】
all，both，each，always，every 以及every构成的合成词与not连用时表示部分否定，not可以放在这些词的前面，亦可放在它们的后边。
Not all the people enjoy a trip during the National Day.
国庆节期间并非所有的人都喜欢旅行。
Not all students like English/All students don’t like English.
并不是所有的学生都喜欢英语。
Both of them haven’t been to the Mount Huang./Not both of them have been to the Mount Huang.
他俩没都去过黄山。
【十年高考链接】
（2010·重庆高考）He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found of them again.
A.neither B.either C.each D.all
答案：B 句意：在战争年代他的脾性大变，身体也垮了，再也没有恢复过来。句中提到的是两样东西temper和health，因此首先排除表示三者以上的all；因为句中有never表示否定，所以只能选择either。

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes句式与语法2
1.those who... 凡是……的人
【常考用法】
those who相当于people who，意为“凡是……的人”，表示两者以上的不定数量。who在它引导的定语从句中作主语，不能省略，且谓语动词用复数，不能用that替换who。
【链接】
anybody/anyone who相当于whoever，意为“凡是……的人”，表示两者以上的不定数量。who在它引导的定语从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Those who break the law will be punished.
=Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
=Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
违法的人将会受到惩罚。
【十年高考链接】
（2006·北京高考）Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those don’t.
A.who；/ B.who；/ C.who；who D./；/
答案：C 句意：那些每天喝两杯多咖啡的女人比不喝的人更有可能患心脏病。分别用who引导定语从句，修饰women和those，who在从句中作主语，不能省略。
2....was doing...when... ……正在做……这时（突然）……
【常考用法】
句子when用作并列连词，意为“这时”，不能换用while。
【句式链接】
was/were about to do...when...刚要做……这时（突然）……
was/were on the point of doing...when...刚要做……这时（突然）……
hardly had sb.done...when...某人刚刚做……这时（突然）……
She was applying herself to her work in the office when the building caught fire.
她正在办公室忙于工作这时大楼突然着火了。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in angrily.
我们正在开会这时有人怒气冲冲地闯了进来。
They were working in the fields when it began to pour.
他们正在田地里劳作这时天下起了倾盆大雨。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2013·陕西高考） Jim a late night film at home when,right in the middle of a thrilling scene,the television went blank.
A.watched B.had watched C.was watching D.would be watching
答案：C 句意：吉姆在家看一部午夜电影，看到中间一幕惊险的场景时，屏幕上突然出现一片空白。该句考查be doing...when...结构，意为“正在做……就在这时（突然）……”。从后面的动作went blank可知“看电影”发生在过去；并且是当吉姆正在看的时候，所以该题要用过去进行时态，即was watching。
（2）（2011·浙江高考）One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.
A.after B.while C.since D.when
答案：D 本题考查固定句式。句意：一个周五，我们正在打包裹动身去过周末，就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。 表示“正在做……就在这时（突然）……”用be doing...when...，所以D项正确。when用作并列连词，在句中表示“就在这时（突然）……”之意，它构成的固定句式是：be doing sth./be about to do sth./had done sth.when...对于此类题，解题的关键是要理清题干或选项中出现的标志词，如本题中的were packing就是标志词，再结合句意与逻辑，套用固定句式，就能找到答案。
（3）（2009·福建高考）She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
A.when B.while C.after D.since
答案：A 本题考查when的用法。由句意可知此处when用作并列连词，意为“这时”。
（4）（2010·大纲全国高考Ⅱ）Tom was about to close the window his attention was caught by a bird.
A.when B.if C.and D.till
答案：A 句意：汤姆刚要关窗，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引了。Sb.be about to do...when...是一个固定句式，表示“某人正要做……这时……”。
3.Before sb.... 某人还没来得及……就……
【常考用法】
before用作连词时，其基本含义是“在……之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就……”、“趁……”、“就”等。具体用法如下：
（1）与情态动词can/could连用
这时候从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”。
Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。
Before she could move，she heard a loud noise，which grew to a terrible roar.
她还没来得及迈步，就听见一声巨响，接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。
（2）用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间、距离长，或花费的精力大，译成“才”。
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.
我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。
We waited a long time before the train arrived.我们等了很长时间火车才到。
（3）用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间、距离短，或花费的精力小，译成“不到……就”。
We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就觉得累了。
（4）主句含有hardly，scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚……就”。这时候主句应用过去完成时态，从句用过去时，还可以用when替代before。
We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.我们刚到学校铃声就响了。
（5）有时还有“（宁可……而）不愿”的意思。
I’d shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。
（6）用于It+be/takes+时间段+before句型。
在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况。
①若主句是一般将来时态，从句是一般现在时。若主句是肯定形式，意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式，翻译成“用不了多久就”。
It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.两周之后一切才能恢复正常。
It will be many years before the situation improves.这种状况要过许多年才能得以改善。
It won’t be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的。
②若主句是一般过去时，从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定形式，翻译成“多长时间之后才”；若主句是否定形式，翻译成“没过多久就”。
It was some time before I realized that I was wrong.过了很长一段时间我才意识到我错了。
It wasn’t long before she became a brave soldier.没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。
After that it still took seven years before they got married.那之后他们又过了七年才结婚。
【注意】
当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时，before与until有时可以互换。如：It was an hour before/until the police arrived.
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2013·湖南高考）You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason you reach any decision.
A.although B.before C.because D.unless
答案：B although “虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句；because “因为”，引导原因状语从句；unless “除非”，引导条件状语从句。句意：做任何决定之前,必须学会尊重自己的情感与理智。空格前后的时间先后意味较为明显，所以答案为B。
（2）（2013·陕西高考） I have heard a lot of good things about you I came back from abroad.
A.since B.until C.before D.when
答案：A 从题干中的 “have heard” 可知是“已经听说”，所以应该是“自从我回来”，因此要用since引导时间状语从句。句意：自从我从国外回来，我听到了很多关于你的好消息。
（3）（2013·上海高考）I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise I am sitting.
A.before B.until C.unless D.where
答案：D 本题四个选项都为常见的状语从句引导词。before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句；until“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句；unless“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句；where“在……的地方”，引导地点状语从句。句意：“我不能听清楚教授所讲的东西，因为在我坐着的地方有太多的噪音。”显然这里指我所坐的地方太吵，导致我听不清。解答这类题目要正确理解句意。
（4）（2012·山东高考） A number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A.when B.where C.before D.until
答案：B 考查状语从句的用法。句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起了。where在句中引导地点状语从句。其他选项均不合题意。
（5）（ 2012·上海春招） you take a photo，you should always check the position of the sun.
A.Before B.After C.Because D.Though
答案：A 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：你在照相之前，应该检查太阳的位置。before在……之前；after在……之后；because因为；though虽然。
（6）（2012·重庆高考）—Coach，can I continue with the training?
—Sorry，you can’t you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
A.until B.before C.as D.unless
答案：C 考查状语从句。句意：“教练，我可以继续训练吗？”“对不起，你不可以，因为你膝盖的伤还没有恢复。”故用as表示原因；until直到……；before在……之前；unless除非。
（7）（2007·北京高考）—Where’s that report?
—I brought it to you you were in Mr.Black’s office yesterday.
A.if B.when C.because D.before
答案：B 本题考查连词用法及含义辨析。句意：“那篇报告在哪儿呢？”“昨天当你在布莱克先生办公室的时候我带给你了。”when“当……时候”。
（8）（2007·上海高考）Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water they are not managed carefully.
A.though B.before C.until D.if
答案：D 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话，那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if “如果”，引导条件状语从句。
（9）（2007·辽宁高考）We had to wait half an hour we had already booked a table.
A.since B.although C.until D.before
答案：B 考查连词的含义及用法。句意：尽管我们已经预订了饭桌，但我们不得不等上半个小时。although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
（10）（2007·福建高考）You will be successful in the interview you have confidence.
A.before B.once C.until D.though
答案：B 本题考查状语从句的引导词，before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句；once“一旦”，引导条件状语从句；until“直到……”，引导时间状语从句；though“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。由句意“一旦你有了信心，你在面试中就会成功的”可知应选B项。
（11）（2007·安徽高考）The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months；it will be a long time we meet them again.
A.after B.before C.since D.when
答案：B 本题考查before引导的时间状语从句的用法。主句为将来时态，从句用一般现在时态代替将来。
（12）（2004·天津高考）It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.
A.that B.until C.since D.before
答案：D 句意：我们还没赶到温彻斯特小城天就黑了。此处 before用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间、距离长，或花费的精力大。
（13）（2005·广东高考）The American Civil War lasted four years the North won in the end.
A.after B.when C.before D.then
答案：C 句意：美国内战持续了四年，北方才最终获胜。此处 before用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间长、花费的精力大，意为“……才……”。
（14）（2005·山东高考）It was some time we realized the truth.
A.when B.until C.since D.before
答案：D 句意：过了一段时间我才了解到了真相。“It was +时间段+before从句”表示“过了多久才……”。
（15）（2006·四川高考）-Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting？
-He rushed out of the room I could say a word.
A.before B.until C.when D.after
答案：A 句意：“你为什么没告诉他开会的事？”“我还没来得及说什么他就跑出了房子。”before sb.could...表示“某人还没来得及……就……”。
（16）（2006·福建高考）—How long do you think it will be China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？
—Perhaps two or three years.
A.when B.until C.that D.before
答案：D 句意：“你认为要过多久中国才能往月球发射载人飞船？”“或许两三年。”“It will be +时间段+before从句”表示“要过多久才……”。


2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空1
The Foreign Ministry on May 19，2008 opened a book of condolences （吊唁簿） for foreign diplomats （外交官） to express their sympathies for the 1 of the Sichuan earthquake.It
2 open for three days，until the 3 of the national mourning （全国哀悼）.
Ambassadors and diplomats 4 more than 150 countries and international organizations on May 19，2008 5 to sign the book and 6 their heads at a mourning board.
The diplomats also expressed their 7 for the Chinese government，the PLA and the Chinese people in 8 the disaster.
Coffie Alain N.Papatchi，the Ivory Coast’s ambassador to China，was the first 9 the book of condolences， 10 Jorge Eugenio Guajardo Gonzalez，the Mexican ambassador，led embassy
11 in paying their respects.
Nirupama Rao，the Indian ambassador， 12 arrived back in Beijing after 13 quake-hit areas，was also 14 .
Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi 15 the visitors and expressed his 16 for their friendship and support.
The foreign ministry’s overseas 17 also on May 19，2008 opened books of condolences and flew the Chinese flag at half-mast.
As of May 18，2008，the leaders of 166 countries and heads of more than 30 international organizations had offered 18 condolences （哀悼） to China.
As well as sending 19 teams to the country，the international community has 20 ＄246 million by May 20，2008.
1.A.victims B.people C.soldiers D.wounded
2.A.left B.maintained C.expanded D.remained
3.A.permission B.decision C.conclusion D.celebration
4.A.off B.in C.from D.to
5.A.signed up B.lined up C.made up D.stood up
6.A.bowed B.lifted C.shook D.hit
7.A.desire B.respect C.understanding D.support
8.A.connecting with B.dealing with
C.arguing with D.beginning with
9.A.to design B.to resign C.to sign D.to respect
10.A.while B.when C.as D.for
11.A.crew B.team C.faculty D.staff
12.A.which B.who C.that D.whom
13.A.visiting B.describing C.rescuing D.scanning
14.A.consistent B.absent C.present D.content
15.A.received B.made C.led D.directed
16.A.attitude B.altitude C.latitude D.gratitude
17.A.organizations B.government C.country D.missions
18.A.our B.their C.his D.her
19.A.chief B.belief C.relief D.brief
20.A.made B.donated C.gave D.collected
【语篇解读】汶川地震发生后，来自世界150多个国家的驻华使节和国际组织代表陆续抵达外交部，在吊唁簿上签名留言，向中国政府和人民表示深切同情和诚挚慰问，对地震中的罹难者表示沉痛哀悼，还表达了他们对中国政府、军队以及中国人民对抗震救灾的支持。我驻外使馆也开展了一系列悼念活动。除了慰问外，国际组织还进行了捐款。
1.A 由上文的“a book of condolences（吊唁簿）”和下文的“the national mourning（全国哀悼）”可以看出，这里要表达的意思是：各国外交使节到外交部对地震中的罹难者表示沉痛哀悼。victim意思是“牺牲者，罹难者”。the wounded（受伤者）有很大的干扰性，但不符合上下文语境。
2.D remain和形容词连用，意思是“保持某个状态”，强调继续停留于一处或保持原状态。而最大的干扰项是maintain “维持；保持；使继续”，但该词是及物动词，后面要加宾语。
3.C conclusion用作名词，意思是“结束”。外交部举行的此次悼念活动将持续三天，直到全国哀悼日结束为止。如果不注意一词多义现象，忽略了conclusion还可以指“结束”，就很容易误选其他选项。
4.C 句意：来自150多个国家和国际组织的大使及外交官……from意思是“来自”。
5.B 来自150多个国家和国际组织的驻华使节排队在留言簿上签名，表达他们的哀悼之情。所以只有line up “排成行，排成列”符合语境。sign up “签约”；make up “编造”；stand up “起立”。
6.A 这里要表达的意思是，这些外交官员，向我们的遇难同胞低头致哀。bow one’s head意思是“向……低头”。
7.D support “支持，支援”。这些外交官还表达了他们对中国政府、军队以及中国人民对抗震救灾的支持。understanding（理解，了解）有很大的干扰性，但不符合他们积极捐款捐物支援我国灾区的事实，所以应该排除。
8.B deal with在这里表示“处理，应对”。
9.C the first to sign the book of condolences表示“第一个在吊唁簿上签名留言，向中国政府和人民表示深切同情和诚挚慰问的人”。design “设计，策划”；resign “辞职”；sign “签名；在……签字”；respect “尊敬，尊重”。
10.A while “而，然而”，表示对比。
11.D staff “全体员工”。墨西哥大使率领所有的大使馆工作人员参加了悼念活动，以表尊重。
12.B 代替表示人的先行词，在从句中作主语，引导一个非限制性定语从句，所以只能用关系代词who。
13.A 这里指的是该大使刚刚视察完灾区。所以要用visit。describe “描述”；rescue “营救，援救”；scan “浏览，细看”。
14.C 刚从灾区返回的印度大使也出席了悼念活动。因为前文介绍的都是出席悼念活动的大使们，结合空前的also，所以应选“present（出席的）”作表语。consistent “一致的，始终如一的”；absent “缺席的”；content “甘愿的，满意的”。
15.A receive在这里表示“接待或欢迎客人或来访者”。句意：外交部长杨洁篪接待了来宾，并表达了对外宾们友谊和支持的感激之情。
16.D gratitude “感激之情”。对于来慰问我们遇难同胞的友人的友谊和支持，自然应该是心存感激。 attitude “态度”；latitude “纬度”；altitude “海拔”。
17.D mission “大使馆”。上文介绍的是外交部在国内举办的悼念活动，各国驻华大使前去签名悼念。这里介绍的是我驻外使馆开展的悼念活动。句意：外交部驻外使馆也开展了悼念活动，并降半旗致哀。
18.B 此处所填的词指代的是“the leaders...and heads...”，且限定中心词condolences，所以要用their。句意：已有166个国家元首和30 多个国际组织的代表向中国表达了他们的哀悼。
19.C 这里要表达的意思是：除了派救济（relief）队到我们国家外，国际组织到2008年5月20日已经捐款246 000 000美元（支援中国灾区）。relief此处意为“救济”；chief “首领”；belief “信条，信念”；brief “概要”。
20.B donate意为“捐赠，捐献”，一般要接表示具体物体、金钱的名词。句意见上一题。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空2
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake happened.It was about 5 in the afternoon and I was 1 along the road to my daughter’s school.Our plan was to go 2 together.I stopped at a 3 to get some fresh fruit.We liked to have some fruit to eat after our swim.I was driving along a high 4 on my way to the school. 5 my road was another road which was built like a 6 .I was 7 so I put the bag of apples 8 me and started to eat one.Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to 9 from side to side.I slowed down.Then my car started to shake! I didn’t know what was happening.Perhaps something had 10 wrong with my car.I drove a little more slowly and then I 11 the car and at the same moment the road 12 onto the cars in front of me.I found myself in the 13 .I couldn’t move.My legs and feet were hurt badly and I couldn’t move them.All around me was 14 .But below me I could hear shouts and a lot of noises.Then I realized what had happened.I had been 15 an earthquake.For about two hours nobody came.Luckily I could reach the bag of 16 ，so at least I had plenty to eat.Then I heard people 17 towards me.A team of people had come to 18 if anyone was under the 19 road.I called out，“I’m here！” I heard a shout.Soon a stranger climbed to my car.“How are you 20 ？” he asked.“Not too bad，” I said.They didn’t get me out until the next morning.
1.A.driving B.leading C.walking D.running
2.A.shopping B.dancing C.swimming D.sightseeing
3.A.farm B.shop C.park D.school
4.A.road B.bridge C.school D.side
5.A.Under B.Along C.Over D.Beside
6.A.bridge B.roof C.cover D.top
7.A.tired B.thirsty C.sleepy D.hungry
8.A.over B.ahead of C.beside D.under
9.A.move B.roll C.run D.jump
10.A.been B.broken C.gone D.done
11.A.parked B.started C.moved D.stopped
12.A.put B.ran C.fell D.jumped
13.A.dark B.afternoon C.evening D.car
14.A.noisy B.dusty C.quiet D.blood
15.A.on B.at C.by D.in
16.A.food B.sandwiches C.apples D.bread
17.A.climbing B.shouting C.moving D.driving
18.A.know B.tell C.understand D.see
19.A.falling B.broken C.breaking D.dirty
20.A.sleeping B.feeling C.eating D.going
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了发生地震后，像立交桥的路塌了，砸到了作者的车，她被困车中，后来在人们的援救下，于次日上午脱险。
1.A 从下文I was driving along a...得知答案。
2.C 从下文We liked to have some fruit to eat after our swim.得知。
3.B 买水果当然是去商店。
4.A 下文提示是在路上走。
5.C 由下文知发生了地震，像立交桥的路塌了，砸到了我的车。由此可知我开车走的路的上面是另外一条像桥的路。over在……上面。
6.A 参看5题解析。
7.D 从后面开始吃苹果知我很饿。
8.C 饿了应把水果放在一边，因为作者还要开车。
9.A 当地震发生时，地面在晃动，地面上的东西应是来回移动。故选move（移动）。roll翻滚，滚动，不合句意。
10.C go wrong发生故障，出毛病。
11.D park表示在停车场或某个地方停车。此处指停下车。
12.C 路倒塌砸到了我的车。
13.A 路倒塌后，我就被埋在了车里，四周一片黑暗。
14.C 我的周围一片寂静。
15.D 由上下文可知这时作者才意识到发生了地震。
16.C 由上文知应是苹果。
17.A 由后文a stranger climbed to my car知应选A。
18.D 一队人来看看在倒塌的路下是否有人。
19.B broken表示被破坏的。
20.B How are you feeling？感觉如何？
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空3
After the earthquake hit northeast of Japan on March 11，2011，many touching stories that I saw with my own eyes happened around me.
I had to walk home since all the 1 had stopped after the quake.On my way home I 2 an old Japanese lady at the bakery shop who was giving out free bread，which made my heart 3 .A middle-aged Japanese man was holding a sign that said，“Please use our 4 .” He was 5 his house for people to go to the restroom.
My friend wanted to 6 others.He stood in the cold with a sign “If you are okay with a motorcycle，I will 7 you to your house.”And then I saw him take one gentleman home，all the way to a faraway place!
Then the next day I drove to 8 my car with gas.There was a 9 of gas now and many gasoline stations were either closed or had very 10 lines.I got 11 ，since I was behind 15 cars.Finally，when it was my 12 ，the man smiled and said，“ 13 this situation，we are only giving ＄30 worth of gas per person.Is that all right？”“Of course.I’m just glad that we are all able to 14 ，”I said.His smile gave me so much 15 .
I saw a man at the evacuation （疏散） center 16 when people brought food to him.It was the first time in three days that food had been brought to their center.However，after he wiped the tears，his next 17 surprised me.“I am very 18 that we are provided with food.But people in the city next to us haven’t 19 any food at all.Please go to that center as well.”And when hearing that，I realized there is a bright future on the other side of this 20 .
1.A.traffic B.rescue C.communication D.business
2.A.missed B.caught C.noticed D.heard
3.A.hungry B.soft C.broken D.warm
4.A.toilet B.hotel C.hospital D.house
5.A.advertising B.opening C.repairing D.decorating
6.A.encourage B.save C.charge D.assist
7.A.drive B.follow C.lead D.send
8.A.start B.fill C.check D.wash
9.A.plenty B.lack C.variety D.diversity
10.A.direct B.straight C.long D.short
11.A.worried B.lucky C.excited D.annoyed
12.A.time B.turn C.duty D.decision
13.A.Apart from B.Together with C.Because of D.Instead of
14.A.share B.offer C.tolerate D.transform
15.A.comfort B.pleasure C.trouble D.entertainment
16.A.waiting B.grabbing C.sleeping D.crying
17.A.promises B.roles C.actions D.remarks
18.A.upset B.grateful C.surprised D.proud
19.A.bought B.supplied C.prepared D.received
20.A.city B.center C.lesson D.disaster
【语篇解读】2011年3月11日日本发生了地震。本文叙述了作者在震后亲眼看到的感人故事，从中他感受到了人们的良好品质。
1.A 地震之后，所有车辆都停运了，因此“我”只好走回家。四个选项只有traffic与walk home有关。
2.C 在步行回家的路上，“我”注意到面包店门口有个日本老太太在向行人免费发放面包。这里用noticed表示“注意到”。A项意为“错过”；B项意为“抓住”；D项意为“听到”。
3.D 与文章开头的“touching stories”呼应，本题选D，表示在三月寒冷的天气里，这幕情景温暖了“我”的心。hungry饥饿的；soft温柔的；broken破碎的。
4.A 下文说让人们使用他家的厕所（restroom），因此选A。本题的关键是理解后面的“restroom”的含义。
5.B 他打开自己的家门，允许人们使用他家的厕所。这里用opening表示“打开，开放”。advertise做广告；repair 修理；decorate装饰。
6.D “我”的一个朋友也想帮助别人，于是他站在寒风中，举着个牌子。根据语境判断选D，表示“帮助”。
7.A 牌子上写着“假如你愿意坐摩托车，那么我愿意驾车送你回家”。这里用drive表示“开车送某人”。follow 跟随；lead领导；send派遣，派送。
8.B 根据语境判断选B，表示“（使）充满，注满”。作者要去加油站给自己的车加油。
9.B 由后面的“many gasoline stations were either closed...”判断选B，此时由于地震，汽油短缺。lack“缺乏”符合语境。
10.C 很多加油站要么关闭，要么站前排队等待加油的队伍很“长”。
11.A 汽油短缺，而且在“我”前面有15辆车，因此“我”担心自己加不上油。
12.B 最后终于轮到“我”了。it was my turn“轮到我了”。
13.C 此处强调原因，因此选C。因为眼下这个局面（等待加油的车太多），加油站限量供应汽油。
14.A 加油站的油不多，只能够限量供应，大家来分享这有限的油，这样挺好的。故选A“分享”。
15.A 加油站工作人员的微笑使“我”很欣慰。
16.D 下文说“他擦掉泪水”，由此判断选D。在这个疏散中心，当人们给这个人送来食物的时候，他感激得哭了。
17.D promise 许诺；role角色；action行动；remark话语。此处指他接下来的一番话使“我”感到诧异，因此选D。
18.B 人们给他送来食物，这个人此时内心充满感激之情，因此选B。
19.D 我们旁边那个城市的人们还没有得到过一点儿食物。因此选D，表示“得到，收到”。
20.D 在这场灾难中，从这些人身上，“我”看到的是光明的未来。这里选D，指这次地震。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空4
In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America，killing over 30，000 people in less than four minutes.In the middle of complete damage and disorder，a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be， 1 that the building was 2 .
After the unforgettably shock，he 3 the promise he had made to his son：“No matter 4 ，I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to 5 his eyes.As he looked at the pile of ruins，it looked hopeless，but he kept remembering his 6 to his son.He rushed there and started 7 the ruins.
As he was digging，other helpless parents arrived， 8 ：“It’s too late! They’re all dead! 9 ，face reality，there’s nothing you can do!” To each parent he responded with 10 ：“Are you going to help me now?” No one helped.And then he continued to dig for his son，stone by stone.
Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know 11 ：“Is my boy 12 or is he dead?” He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then，in 13 hour，he pulled back a large stone and heard his son’s 14 .He screamed his son’s name，“ARMAND!” He heard back，“Dad!?! It’s me，Dad! I told the other kids not to worry.I told them that if you were alive，you 15 me and 16 you saved me，they’d be saved.You promised，‘No matter what happens，I’ll always be there for you!’You did it，Dad!”
“What’s going on in there? ”the father asked.
“There are 14 of us 17 18 33，Dad.We’re scared，hungry，thirsty and thankful you’re here.When the building collapsed，it made 19 ，and it saved us.”
“Come out，boy!”
“No，Dad! Let the other kids out first， 20 I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens，I know you’ll always be there for me!”
1.A.only discovering B.only to discover
C.only realizing D.only to realize
2.A.as flat as a pancake B.as high as a mountain
C.as strong as an ox D.as weak as a kitten
3.A.memorized B.forgot C.kept D.remembered
4.A.what B.what happen C.which D.who
5.A.fill B.fill in C.come D.burst
6.A.picture B.promise C.present D.encourage
7.A.digging B.digging through C.digging out D.digging into
8.A.to say B.said C.and saying D.saying
9.A.Come out B.Come again C.Come on D.Come off
10.A.one word B.one sound C.one row D.one line
11.A.for himself B.of himself C.by himself D.to himself
12.A.live B.living C.alive D.lively
13.A.38 B.the 38 C.38th D.the 38th
14.A.sound B.voice C.noise D.tone
15.A.will save B.would save C.save D.would have saved
16.A.when B.because C.even if D.though
17.A.remained B.missing C.left D.gone
18.A.for B.behind C.out of D.over
19.A.a promise B.space C.room D.a triangle
20.A.because B.though C.when D.even though
【语篇解读】本文是一篇故事情节较强的记叙文。文章讲述了“父亲如何履行自己曾对儿子许下的诺言”，故事生动、感人，极富吸引力。
1.B only to do sth.“结果却，不料”，作结果状语，表示该结果在主语的预料之外；现在分词作结果状语，表示由主句所产生的逻辑上的结果。 realize在脑海里经过思维“认识到，了解”；discover在表面上就能“发现，看出”。
2.A 这四个选项都是英语成语，根据本段第一句an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America判断，选择A项。
3.D 从意义上判断，“他想起了他曾对儿子许下的诺言”，故选D，remember“记起，想起”。memorized是“背诵，熟记”。
4.A 从结构上分析，该句是省略了谓语动词的省略句，省略谓语之后，意义仍然清楚，如不省略动词，则使用第三人称单数happens。从意义上分析，可排除C、D两项。
5.A 所给动词都可以表示“流泪”这种意义，但句式搭配不同，其表现形式分别为Tears fill his eyes；Tears come into his eyes；He bursts into tears。
6.B 从上下文意义判断，此处表示“他不停地想起他对儿子许下的诺言”。
7.B 动词和动词短语是完形填空设项的重点之一。此题要分清这四项的不同含义。dig及物动词，意为“掘（土），挖”；dig through“（为找……）在……里挖掘”；dig out “发掘出”；dig into“钻研”。
8.D 从结构上分析，应该用现在分词作伴随状语，用and则表示并列，应用said。
9.C Come on表示劝说、不耐烦，意为“得啦”“来”。
10.D 从词义上判断one line“一句话（台词）”符合题意。A项中的one word干扰性较大，它表示“一个词”，如用words 是正确的。
11.A “介词+反身代词”有固定含义，for oneself独自地，亲自；by oneself单独地；of oneself自行地，自动地；to oneself 对（着）自己。
12.C 这四个词都有“活着的”之意，live仅用作定语，作表语用living，alive。living和alive在意义上有细微差别，living可作定语和表语，含有“本以为死了，然而还活着”，如：I can’t believe my first teacher is still living.alive作表语和后置定语，其含义与dead相对应。lively“生动的，活跃的”。
13.D “在第38个小时的时候……”，序数词之前要用定冠词。
14.B 注意这四个词的区别：sound “（各种）声音”；voice “（人们说话的）嗓音”；noise “（不悦耳的）噪音”；tone “（人们说话的）语气，语调”。
15.B 这是表将来的虚拟语气，主句中用would +动词原形，从下文的句子中也能找到类似的句子。
16.A 从意义上判断，“如果你来救我，他们也会得救。”是条件状语从句，应该用if 引导，然而选项中没有if，when与if同义，引导条件状语从句。even if 引导让步状语从句。
17.C 此题包含一个固定句型：There are...left.“还有……剩余下来”。
18.C 14...out of 33 意为：33人中有14人活下来。out of “从……里面”。特别注意此题中的介词与前面的left没有任何联系。如果没有意识到这点，极可能会选错。
19.D 从意义上判断，“房屋倒塌时，自然形成的三角空隙”。而make room，make space 意为“（有意识地）为……腾出空间”。
20.A 从上下文意义判断，此句为原因状语从句。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空5
In 1982，Steven Callahan was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it struck something and sank.He got into a life boat，but his supplies were 1 .His chances of surviving were small. 2 when three fishermen found him 76 days later，he was alive—much 3 than he was when he started，but alive.
His 4 of how he survived is fascinating.His cleverness—how he 5 to catch fish，how he evaporated （蒸发） sea water to 6 fresh water—is very interesting.
But the thing that 7 my eye was how he managed to keep himself going when all hope seemed lost，and there seemed no 8 in continuing the struggle.He was starved and 9 worn-out.Giving up would have seemed the only possible choice.
When people 10 these kinds of circumstances （境遇），they do something with their minds that gives them the courage to keep going.Many people in 11 desperate circumstances 12 in or go mad.Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the courage to carry on 13 difficulties.
“I tell myself I can 14 it，” wrote Callahan in his book.“Compared to what others have been through，I’m fortunate.I tell myself these things over and over， 15 up courage...”
I wrote that down after I read it.It 16 me as something important.And I’ve told myself the same thing when my own goals seemed 17 off or when my problems seemed too terrible.And every time I’ve said it，I have always come back to my 18 .
The truth is，our circumstances are only bad compared to something better.But others have been through the much worse，that is，in comparison with 19 others have been through，you’re fortunate.Tell this to yourself over and over again，and it will help you 20 the rough situations with a little more courage.
1.A.little B.rich C.few D.enough
2.A.And B.Yet C.Still D.Thus
3.A.thinner B.stronger C.worse D.healthier
4.A.attitude B.assumption C.instruction D.account
5.A.assisted B.tended C.managed D.intended
6.A.make B.absorb C.select D.replace
7.A.attacked B.attracted C.caught D.drew
8.A.need B.taste C.message D.point
9.A.firmly B.completely C.hardly D.generally
10.A.deal B.defend C.survive D.observe
11.A.similarly B.differently C.gradually D.commonly
12.A.pull B.take C.break D.give
13.A.for the lack of B.in the face of
C.in exchange for D.as a result of
14.A.handle B.carry C.follow D.inspect
15.A.rolling B.using C.building D.making
16.A.defeated B.recommended C.introduced D.struck
17.A.far B.long C.ever D.even
18.A.supplies B.senses C.ideas D.influences
19.A.how B.that C.which D.what
20.A.get round B.get over C.get through D.get off
【语篇解读】本文为夹叙夹议文，通过Steven Callahan在横穿大西洋时遇险，最后在绝境下幸存的故事，说明在绝境下要一遍遍地告诉自己，还有别人的情况比你更糟糕，这会给你更多的度过困难情况的勇气。
1.C 句意：他跳上了救生船，但是他的供应（食物、水等）却很少。由中间的并列连词but可知，答案应从little和few当中选一个。不管是根据supplies 还是were都可确定要填修饰可数名词的few。
2.B 前一句提到：他生还的可能性很小。后一句提到：76天后，他被发现，还活着。中间应该是用表示转折关系的并列连词yet。
3.A 前面提到，他的食物供应等很少，76天之后当然比出发时要瘦了。
4.D attitude态度；assumption猜想，假想；instruction指导；account 描述。由语境可知D项正确。
5.C assist帮助，assist to do sth.帮忙做某事；tend to do sth.易于做某事；manage to do sth.设法做成某事；intend to do sth.打算做某事。由语境可知选C项。
6.A 此处表示他蒸发海水以制成纯净水。
7.C catch one’s eye为固定短语，意为“引起某人注意”。
8.D There seems no point in doing sth.做某事没意义，为固定句式。
9.B 由后一句Giving up would have seemed the only possible choice.可知，他完全饿坏了，累坏了。firmly坚定地；completely完全地；hardly几乎不；generally一般地。
10.C survive sth.从……中幸免于难，符合语境。
11.A 句意：许多人在类似绝望的情况下要么放弃，要么发疯。similarly相似地，类似地；differently不同地；gradually逐渐地；commonly普通地，常见地。
12.D give in屈服，让步，符合语境。
13.B for the lack of因为缺乏；in the face of面对；in exchange for作为交换；as a result of以……为结果。由语境可知B项正确。
14.A handle=deal with处理，应付，符合句意：Callahan告诉自己他能行。
15.C roll up（使）成卷（或筒、球）形；use up用完，用尽；build up逐步建立；make up弥补，编造。由句意“我一遍遍地告诉自己这些是为了积蓄勇气”可知C项正确。
16.D 我把它记下来，这就像一些重要的事一样打动了我。strike 打动，感动，符合句意。
17.A 当我自己的目标好像还很遥远时或者当我的问题好像太糟糕时我告诉自己同样的事情。far此处表示“程度上还很遥远”。
18.B 句意：每次我说这话时，我总是会清醒过来。指这些话对自己有很大的激励作用。
19.D 分析结构可知， 19 others have been through作介词with的宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故用what引导。
20.C get round流传，四处走动；get over 克服；get through度过（艰难而不愉快的一段时期）；完成，打通电话；get off下车。由语境可知C项正确，此处意为“度过”。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空6
Diane Ray was completely self-centered and very spoilt.Her parents gave her 1 she wanted，knowing that she would throw a temper tantrum（耍小孩脾气） if they did not.She would scream and kick and 2 on the floor drumming her heels.Her parents always 3 .
That was why she was alone on the 4 ，wearing an expensive swimsuit.It has taken a massive tantrum to 5 her parents to buy it.They were back at the beach-house， 6 from the tantrum she had thrown when they told her that it was too dangerous to go diving 7 .“Dangerous?” she had said.“You just don’t want me to have 8 .I’m going and if you try to stop me，I’ll scream.”
“What are you doing?” a voice asked.Diane jumped.She did not know that the man was there 9 he spoke.
“I’m going diving，” she answered.
“You shouldn’t swim today，” the man 10 .“There is a storm coming up.”
“You should mind your own 11 !” Diane replied and walked into the gentle waves.
“If you go out there you’ll be 12 ，” the man called after her.She did not bother to reply.
Diane slipped into the water and dived 13 until white caps began rolling in and it became harder to 14 against the current （水流）.Saltwater hit against her face，making it 15 to breathe.Oh，why had she not listened to advice？
Panicking，she began to 16 .Then，just as it seemed as if she would slip beneath the surface，she heard a 17 voice.“Hold on!I’m coming.” With 18 ，she saw the old man rowing an ancient-looking boat towards her.“I hope you’ve learned a lesson.You put us both in 19 ，” he shouted angrily，as he dragged her over the side of the 20 .Gratefully，Diane thanked him and ran towards the beach-house.
1.A.either B.neither C.nothing D.everything
2.A.jump B.lie C.spin D.sleep
3.A.set out B.set in C.gave in D.gave out
4.A.beach B.bed C.floor D.ship
5.A.allow B.warn C.get D.prefer
6.A.changing B.recovering C.appearing D.traveling
7.A.alone B.away C.again D.aside
8.A.time B.money C.food D.fun
9.A.when B.until C.after D.once
10.A.decided B.intended C.advised D.repeated
11.A.business B.swimsuit C.friends D.parents
12.A.angry B.sorry C.confused D.excited
13.A.nervously B.sadly C.shyly D.happily
14.A.rise B.swim C.stop D.row
15.A.difficult B.easy C.comfortable D.suitable
16.A.speak B.sing C.sniff D.scream
17.A.calm B.frightening C.beautiful D.disgusting
18.A.regret B.relief C.interest D.ease
19.A.power B.safety C.danger D.thought
20.A.house B.wave C.beach D.boat
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Diane是一个以自我为中心并且受父母溺爱的孩子。她不听父母的劝告，也不理会一位老人的忠告，在暴风雨即将来临之际独自去潜水，遭遇了危险，最终被老人所救，在这次任性独自潜水的危险经历中，她认识到了自己的错误。
1.D 文章开篇点明Diane是一个完全以自我为中心，被溺爱坏了的孩子，所以父母会给她想要的一切（everything）。
2.B 如果不给的话，她会哭叫，躺在地板上乱踢，由drumming her heels（踢蹬脚后跟）可知是躺在地板上。
3.C 此情此景，她的父母总是向她屈服（give in）。
4.A 根据后文的wearing an expensive swimsuit，beach-house 以及diving可知A项正确。
5.C Diane发了一大通脾气才使得父母给她买了这套昂贵的泳衣。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事;warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事;get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事;prefer sb.to do sth.更喜欢某人做某事。故只有选项C符合题意。
6.B 6空前说明父母正在沙滩后面的房子里，从她刚刚耍的脾气中缓解过来。change改变；recover恢复；appear出现；travel旅行。根据语义只能用B，表示从不快的情绪当中恢复过来。
7.A 从第二段第一句可知，她是单独在海滩上的，所以这里是形容词的复现，应该选A（alone单独的）。away离开；again 再一次；aside在旁边，都不符合。
8.D 根据文章语义，time 时间;money 金钱; food食物;fun 开心，和have搭配的话，A、B、C三项均不符合，所以只能说have fun（玩得开心）。
9.B 直到有人说话她才知道有人在那儿。until直到。
10.C 那人建议（advise）她不应该游泳，因为有暴风雨。线索一：根据空格前的一句话“You shouldn’t swim today”这是属于一个建议，所以10空应该是建议（advise）。 线索二：后文倒数第二段最后一个单词advice，是advise的名词变形。所以更确定选C。decide决定；intend打算，倾向；repeat 重复，均不符合题意。
11.A mind your own business管好你自己的事（别多管闲事）。
12.B 此处表示“如果你去那里的话，你会后悔的（sorry）”。
13.D Diane不管他人的劝告，自己兴高采烈地（happily）跳入起初浪花轻柔的水中游了起来。
14.B Diane 是在海中游泳，此时海浪强大，游泳艰难。线索一：女孩是在海中游泳；线索二：前后文当中多次出现swim，swimsuit，dive等原词和同义词的重复；线索三：后文当中的搭配是against the current（水流）可知，答案为B，swim游泳。rise 上升；stop 停止；row划船，均不符合文意。
15.A 线索一：前文当中出现了她游得更加困难了 harder的同义词复现；线索二：海水冲打着她的脸可知，是使得呼吸变得更加困难。easy 简单的；comfortable 舒服的；suitable 合适的，均不符合文意。
16.D 她惊慌了，所以大叫了起来。
17.A 根据后文“Hold on.I’m coming.”可知，在危难中她听到了镇定的声音。
18.B 看到有人来搭救自己，自然是松了口气。 with regret遗憾地，后悔地；with relief宽慰地；with interest好奇地；with ease熟练地，轻而易举地。故B项正确。
19.C 老人生气地教训她“你应该吸取教训了，你把我们都置于了危险的境地”。
20.D 线索一：前文中提到老人是划船去救她的；线索二：后文中提到是移向沙滩，可知，是将女孩从一边拉上船的。house 房子;wave 波浪；beach 海滩，均不符合文意。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完形填空7
After lunch，without permission from parents，the two boys set off to explore the part of the beach which lay beyond the headland （岬，岬角）.They had persuaded their young sister to
1 ，saying that the long walk would be too 2 for her.Once they had got in the headland，the beach reached away endlessly before them.It was like 3 a new world.There were damp，dark caves to 4 ；there were many 5 among the rocks，full of sea creatures （生物）；and，here and there along the beach were those 6 objects，washed up and 7 by the tide.
The afternoon passed 8 .The sun was already 9 when the boys reluctantly （恋恋不舍地） 10 to make their 11 homewards.But long before they reached the headland，they could see that the tide had come in so sudden that they were now 12 from either end of the beach.Their only chance of 13 was to find a way up the cliff （悬崖） nearby.
They soon find a narrow path 14 the cliff top.But halfway up their path was 15 by a large rock which they could not climb 16 .The two boys had to 17 at the top of their voices， 18 that someone might 19 over the top of the rock，and finally came their father with two policemen. 20 of them climbed down a rope which was lowered over the rock.The boys were then pulled to safety，and thus saved from spending a miserable night on the cliff.
1.A.keep quiet B.stay behind C.take a rest D.join them
2.A.tiring B.exciting C.interesting D.impossible
3.A.discovering B.facing C.enjoying D.imagining
4.A.look up B.explore C.hide in D.search
5.A.lakes B.rivers C.waterfalls D.pools
6.A.dirty B.light C.strange D.clean
7.A.moved B.covered C.beaten D.left
8.A.quickly B.unexpectedly C.finally D.suddenly
9.A.leaving B.dropping C.going D.setting
10.A.forgot B.decided C.succeeded D.turned
11.A.road B.way C.track D.path
12.A.cut off B.left behind C.held back D.put away
13.A.running off B.keeping clear C.getting away D.turning back
14.A.reaching B.passing C.going up D.leading to
15.A.blocked B.covered C.stopped D.filled
16.A.on B.over C.round D.through
17.A.shout B.shoot C.repeat D.renew
18.A.wanting B.guessing C.believing D.hoping
19.A.turn B.appear C.hide D.find
20.A.Any B.None C.One D.First
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。描述了两兄弟未经父母允许外出探险，被困悬崖，最后在爸爸和两位警察的救援下，安全脱险。
1.B 从上下文看，A、C、D三项不符合句意，故不选。
2.A 上文说他们劝阻young sister不与他们同去，因此long walk would be too tiring符合逻辑。
3.B 通过上下文看，facing表示“面对”的意思。
4.B explore指探索。
5.D 岩石间应是pools。
6.C 这两个男孩没有见过那些海里的东西，故选strange。
7.D 表示“被潮水冲上来并留下的东西”，动词用leave。
8.A quickly可指时间过得飞快。
9.D 表示“太阳落山”用动词set。
10.B decide to do sth.决定做某事。没有turn to do sth.这个搭配，succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”和forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”，语境不对。
11.A make one’s road homewards指找路回家。
12.A cut off切断，割掉。
13.C get away逃走，离开。
14.D reach指“到达”；lead to指“通向”。
15.A be blocked指“被阻塞”。
16.B climb over the rock指“爬上岩石”。
17.A shout at the top of one’s voice指“某人高声地喊”。
18.D hoping希望，表示伴随。
19.B 此处指希望某人出现在岩石上。
20.C one of them他们中的一个人。

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes完成句子
第Ⅰ组
1.He didn’t know how to come back home because his money was （用完）.
2.Many buildings are （严重受损）because of the big flood.
3.Don’t lift that toolbox—you’ll （伤害） yourself!
4.On hearing the good news，he shared it with his parents （立刻）.
5.Some robbers （闯入）that house，and robbed many things of it.
6.Hurry up！It looks （好像） it is going to rain.
7. （许多） people are fond of music.
8.As soon as he knew that they were in danger，he （来救他们） immediately.
9.They （困在） the burning hotel.
10.He was buried by an avalanche （雪崩） and had to （挖出）.
答案：1.at an end 2.in ruins 3.do an injury to 4.right away 5.burst into 6.as if 7.A great number of 8.came to their rescue 9.were trapped in 10.be dug out
第Ⅱ组
1. At the news that the war （结束），people cheered and jumped with joy.
2. （许多） books in the library are lost，so the school has decided to take some action.
3.The castle was （彻底毁坏） in the war and now it is （一片废墟）.
4.When they met for the first time，the old miner （挖） gold.
5.Tom （十分自豪）his new car.
6.I （很高兴） to do business with you.
7.I would like to （给你一些建议） in the name of a friend.
8.I would like to （表达谢意） to those who have helped me out of trouble.
9. （由他的话判断），the accident was terrible.
10.I want to （祝贺他成功）.
答案：1.was at an end 2.A great number of 3.destroyed,in ruins 4.was digging out 5.is very proud of 6.am very pleased 7.give you some advice 8.express my thanks 9.Judging from what he said 10.congratulate him on his success
第Ⅲ组
1.He （埋头读书） his books.
2.The audience （爆发出一片笑声）.
3.My watch （丢了）.
4.He （评价高） by all his colleagues.
5. （……的数目） the persons who died in this unexpected accident is 37.
6.It is the firefighters who them （从……营救） the burning building.
7.A lot of houses （刮走） when the hurricane struck this area.
8.He was ill，so I went there to attend the meeting （代替） him.
9.In order not to be late，she （穿过） the fields.
10.There’s nothing to be afraid of.The sky won’t （塌下来）.
答案：1.is buried in 2.burst into laughter 3.is gone 4.was thought highly of 5.The number of 6.rescued，from 7.were blown away 8.instead of
9.cut across 10.fall down

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes短文改错1
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Passage 1
Dear Jerry，
I’m glad to receive your letter ask me what I’d like to be in the future.To be honest，I had dreamed of becoming a doctor since I was nine.I hurt one of my leg one day，that made me feel that I would not be able to walk any more.Unluckily，I was able to leave my bed a month later thanks to a doctor，who was very friendly and carefully.He gave me the courage I needed it to recover.Beside，while in hospital，I see many sick people.Since then I’ve decided to be a doctor so that I can work for people who are sick and in deed my help.I am believe my dream will be-come true one day if I study hard now.
答案：
Dear Jerry，
I’m glad to receive your letter me what I’d like to be in the future.To be honest，I dreamed of becoming a doctor since I was nine.I hurt one of my one day， made me feel that I would not be able to walk any more.， I was able to leave my bed a month later thanks to a doctor，who was very friendly and.He gave me the courage I needed it to recover.，while in hospital，I many sick people.Since then I’ve decided to be a doctor so that I can work for people who are sick and in deedmy help.I am believe my dream will become true one day if I study hard now.
Passage 2
During the weekend I travelled by the air for the first time in my life.I usual travel by train or bus.It’s both cheaper and safe.But to fly in the sky was something new to me.At the end I felt a little nervous.But very soon I became exciting when I found me high up in the sky among the clouds.I also found that mountains，fields，river and so on were interestingly small.I enjoy the frightening and comfortable journey very much.After all，it is more interesting take a plane than to take a car.
答案：
During the weekend I travelled by the air for the first time in my life.I travel by train or bus.It’s both cheaper and .But to fly in the sky was something new to me.At the I felt a little nervous.But very soon I became when I found high up in the sky among the clouds.I also found that mountains，fields， and so on were interestingly small.I the frightening comfortable journey very much.After all，it is more interesting take a plane than to take a car.
Passage 3
The other day my brother and me went to the cinema by bike.My brother is riding with me sitting on the seat behind.As we came the crossroads，a young man and a girl came up and stop us.“We’ve found you at last，” they said.Or we didn’t know them.Pointed to a policeman not far away，a young man explained，“He stopped us about half an hour before and made us to catch the next offender.So come on! Stand here.Hope you won’t have to wait as soon as we did.Good luck.”
答案：
The other day my brother and went to the cinema by bike.My brother riding with me sitting on the seat behind.As we came the crossroads，a young man and a girl came up and us.“We’ve found you at last，” they said.we didn’t know them. to a policeman not far away， young man explained，“He stopped us about half an hour and made us to catch the next offender.So come on! Stand here.Hope you won’t have to wait as as we did.Good luck.”
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes短文改错2
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Passage 1
It is real a good chance to have all of you here.We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the English Club.Because we have been members for a short period of time，we have made a great progress.That is because we are all very much active and the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.Besides，the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interesting.I was very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far.I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future.
答案：
It is a good chance to have all of you here.We have spent several precious in learning in the English Club. we have been members for a short period of time，we have made a great progress.That is because we are all very much active and the activities are not only enjoyable also helpful.Besides，the foreign teachers here work hard and try best to make the activities lively and interesting.I very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far.I am looking forward to all of you again in the near future.
Passage 2
Today I visited the Smiths—my first visit an American family.They live in the small town.It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.They offered with me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing together.They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.In fact，they are planning to visit China the next year.
答案：
Today I visited the Smiths—my first visit an American family.They live in small town.It was very kind them to meet me at the railway station and me to their home.The Smiths did best to make me feel at home.They offered with me coffee and other drinks.We a good time talking and laughing together.They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of .In fact，they are planning to visit China the next year.

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes短语互译
第Ⅰ组
1. 立刻；马上
2. 一种臭气
3. 水管
4. 紧张得不能吃饭
5. 跑出来
6. 不重视
7. 照常
8. 好像
9. 结束；终结
10. 三分之一
答案：1.right away 2.a smelly gas 3.water pipes 4.too nervous to eat 5.run out of 6.think little of 7.as usual 8.as if 9.at an end 10.one-third
第Ⅱ组
1. 严重受损，破烂不堪
2. 三分之二
3. 径直穿过；横穿
4. ……的数量
5. 消失；离去
6. 吹走
7. 数以千计的
8. 数以万计的
9. 数百万的
10. 对……安全
答案：1.in ruins 2.two-thirds 3.cut across 4.the number of 5.be gone 6.blow away 7.thousands of 8.tens of thousands of 9.millions of 10.be safe for
第Ⅲ组
1.instead of
2.later that afternoon
3. 倒塌
4.rescue worker
5. 掘出；发现
6.the dead
7.to the north of
8.coal mines
9.fresh water
10.a great number of
答案：1.代替；而不是 2.那天下午晚些时候 3.fall down 4.救护人员 5.dig out 6.死者
7.在……北边 8.煤矿 9.淡水 10.大量，许多

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇1
1.congratulation;congratulate n.;vt.祝贺；（复数）贺词，祝贺
【常考用法】
offer my congratulations on/upon his success我祝贺他成功
Congratulations （to you）!祝贺你！
many letters in congratulation of his birthday很多祝贺他生日的信件
congratulate you on/upon having done such a good job祝贺你工作完成出色
congratulate him on/upon the birth of his son祝贺他喜得贵子
congratulate you with all my heart我衷心祝贺你
congratulate you on your being elected as President of the General Assembly
祝贺你当选本届大会主席
【辨析】congratulate与celebrate
（1）congratulate意为“祝贺”，其宾语为人。
（2）celebrate意为“庆祝”，其宾语为物。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2012·江苏高考）—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.
— ! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.I’m so sorry
答案：A A项意为“这下可放心了”；B项意为“恭喜，祝贺”；C项意为“好奇怪”；D项意为“对不起”。句意：“别担心，妈妈。医生说只是流感。”“这下可放心了！我将告诉你爸爸你没事。”母亲一直担心孩子的病，现在孩子告诉母亲只是流感，母亲自然是“放心”，故选A。
（2）（2009·山东高考）— John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh， !
A.cheer up B.well done C.go ahead D.congratulations
答案：D 本题考查交际用语。cheer up“振作起来”，表示鼓励；well done干得好；go ahead干吧（做吧，用吧）；congratulations祝贺。根据上句“我和约翰将在下月庆祝结婚四十周年纪念”可知，答语应是表示祝贺。
（3）（2008·上海高考）The two sportsmen congratulated each other winning the match by shaking hands.
A.with B.on C.in D.to
答案：B 本题考查介词与动词共同构成的固定搭配形式。congratulate sb.on （doing） sth.表示“就某事向某人表示祝贺”，是固定搭配形式。
（4）（2008·安徽高考）—I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
— That’s great!
A.Have I? B.Pardon?
C.Congratulations! D.Good idea!
答案：A 考查情景交际。句意：“我有好消息要告诉你。你被接受加入我们的俱乐部了。”“是吗？太好了！”根据语境可知应选A项。
2.judge n.裁判员，法官vt.断定，判断；判决
【常考用法】
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging from/by his manner从他的举止来看
judging from/by what he said由他说的话来判断
judge them （to be ）the best plays认为它们是最好的话剧
judge it safer to go away than to stay认为离开比留下安全
judge it of little importance断定它毫不重要
judge them to have gone断定他们已经走了
judge that the students had finished the exercises估计学生们已做完了练习
too young to judge which is better太年轻，不能判断哪一个更好
as a judge作为法官
3.express vt.表示，表达 n.快车；速递
【常考用法】
change here for an express在这里换乘快车
express the same ideas表达同一种思想
express my heartfelt gratitude to you again再一次地向大家表示衷心的感谢
express oneself表达自己的意思
express myself in good English用很好的英语来表达自己的观点
the express train快车
express our thought by means of words用词句来表达思想
express an opinion发表意见
express their interest in the project表明自己对这个项目的兴趣
express our heartfelt thanks to you向你表示衷心的感谢
express to you how grateful I am for your help你对我的帮助，我感激不尽
【拓展】
expression n.表情
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2012·山东高考）My first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression
答案：D 首先了解四个选项的意思。A项表示“表情；表达；词语”；B项表示“注意（力）；专心；关注”；C项表示“满意，满足”；D项表示“印象”。由题干中的关键信息he was a kind and thoughtful young man可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。
（2）（2011·福建高考）I’d prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve
答案：D 本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我找到所有的证据之前，我宁愿保留我的看法。show显示，表明；express表明，表达；pass传递，通过；reserve保留。由句意可知D项正确。
（3）（2011·湖南高考）The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed
答案：C 本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式（短语）作后置定语，故排除A、B两项；此处the ability与to express是逻辑上的同位关系，故排除D项。解答这类题时，一定要弄清该用哪类非谓语动词以及非谓语动词和被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
（4）（2009·江苏高考）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A.could express B.would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed
答案：C 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意:他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达得有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词+完成时”这个形式来表示。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇2
1.damage n.& vt.损失；损害
【常考用法】
do a lot of damage to the crops毁坏了大量农作物
cause serious damage to the house对房子造成了严重的损坏
damage a car seriously严重损害车辆
damage his reputation as a political personality损害自己政界名人的声誉
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2011·新课标全国高考）William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to .
A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage
答案：C 本题考查动词意义辨析。句意：威廉发现阅读越来越困难，因为他的视力开始下降了。disappear消失；fall落下，下落，跌倒，（数量）减少，下降；damage损失，损坏，均不合题意。fail除有“失败，不及格”等含义外，还有“（健康、视力、记忆力）衰退”之意，故选C。
（2）（2008·重庆高考）Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.
A.have damaged B.are damaging C.damaged D.will damage
答案：B 根据because引导的原因状语从句的时态可知前面的时态。
（3）(2007· 上海春季）John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it seriously.
A.damaged B.was being damaged
C.had damaged D.had been damaged
答案：D 句意：约翰不得不在汽车修理厂找人修车，因为车受损严重。damage在repair之前发生，结合had可知用过去完成时。
（4）（2005·北京春季）After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment .
A.is damaged B.had damaged C.damaged D.was damaged
答案：D 句意：实验室发生火灾之后，大量设备受损。damage与equipment之间为动宾关系，排除B、C两项；结合broke out（过去时态）排除A项，D项正确。
2.frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬
【常考用法】
frighten that boy away把那个男孩吓跑了
frighten him from his plan吓得他放弃了他的计划
frighten him into going to school恐吓他去上学
frighten off his attacker by calling for the police他喊警察，吓跑了要向他行凶的人
frighten us out of senses吓得我们失去知觉
frighten me to death吓得我要死
be frightened at the sight of the dog一见到那条狗吓了一跳
be frightened of mice害怕老鼠
be frighten into silence被吓得一声不吭
be badly frightened by the sudden noise被突然而来的嘈杂声吓坏了
be frightened into holding his tongue吓得不敢往下说了
be frightened off by the sound of the dog barking被狗的吠叫声吓跑了
be frightened out of her life吓得要命
be frightened to death吓得要死
【辨析】frightening与frightened
（1）frightening用作形容词，意为“令人害怕的”，事物本身具有使人害怕的性质。
（2）frightened用作形容词，表示“感到害怕的，受到惊吓的”。
frightened look/expression害怕的神情
语法知能精解
定语从句（Ⅰ）——关系代词的用法
在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。它的基本构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句。连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。定语从句又分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等；关系副词有when,where,why等。
其具体用法见下表：
关系代词
指代的先行词
在从句中所作的成分
who
指人
主语、宾语、表语
whom
指人
宾语
whose
指人或物
定语
which
指物
主语、宾语、表语
that
指人或物
主语、宾语、表语
一、关系代词的用法
1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。
Danny is a man who we should learn from.丹尼是我们应该学习的一个人。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
Rose is the person whom you should look after.罗斯是你应该照顾的人。
3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物,表“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose company produces computers.我认识那个人，他的公司生产电脑。
4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上多用who，whom指人，多用which指物。
The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
The bag that lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个包是她的。（that指物，作主语）
误区警示 ①关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
［译］昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常感人。
［误］The film （that/which） we saw it last night is very moving.
［正］The film （that/which） we saw last night is very moving.
②关系代词作主语时，不能省略；关系代词作宾语时可以省略。
Is that the girl (whom/that/who) you spoke of the other day?
那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？
二、只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况
1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
2.先行词是不定代词，如all，little，few，much，everything，anything，nothing，none，some等时。
All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做了。
3.先行词被all，every，no，the only，the very，the last等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。
The only thing that she could do was go to the police for help.
她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。
学法点拨 以上三种情况有一个共同特点，就是先行词或先行词之前的修饰语往往带有“唯一”或者“全部”概念，以致无法作出“选择”。因为关系代词which原来也是疑问代词，表示“哪一个”，含有选择意味，所以，用that引导万无一失。
4.先行词既有人又有物时。
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的人和事。
5.当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which of the books that you bought is the most useful for my writing?
你买的书中哪一本对我写作最有用？
6.关系代词在定语从句中作to be的表语时。
He isn’t the boy that he used to be.他不再是过去的男孩了。
三、只能用which而不用that引导定语从句的情况
1.引导非限制性定语从句时。
Football，which is a very interesting game，is played all over the world.足球，一项非常有趣的运动，在全世界得到了普及。
2.当关系代词前有介词时。
This is the house in which he once lived.这就是他曾经住过的房子。
3.当先行词本身就是that时。
That which you told him about is what we want to know.你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。
4.在限制性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句，其中一句的关系词是that，那么另一句的关系词就需用which。
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open.
让我给你看看我从新开放的图书馆借来的小说。
四、只能用who而不用that引导定语从句的情况
1.先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one，anyone，no one，all，nobody，anybody，none等。
The student you should learn from is the one who works hard and studies well.你应该学习的是那位学习努力且成绩优异的学生。
2.在there be结构中，先行词指人时。
There is a young lady who asks for you.有位年轻女士找你。
3.一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who。
The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.
昨晚你遇到的那个男孩是个学习非常努力的组长。
误区警示 ①关系代词或关系副词的选择有两个原则：一是看先行词是人还是物；二是看先行词在从句中作什么成分。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则选关系代词；若先行词在从句中作状语，则选关系副词。
We’ll remember those days that/which we spent together.（作宾语）
We’ll remember those days when we played by the sea.(作状语)
②关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数决定从句谓语动词的单复数。
He is the only one of the students who knows French.（the only one为先行词）
He is one of the students who know French.（students为先行词）
五、as引导定语从句
1.as用作关系代词，既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。它常用在the same...as...，such...as...，as...as...等句型中，as不能省略。
Such teachers as know Tom think him bright.认识汤姆的老师都认为他聪明。
I’ll buy the same dictionary as you have.我要买和你的一样的词典。
误区警示 当先行词被such,the same修饰时，也可用that引导定语从句，但指同一物，而不是同一类。
This is the same bike that I lost two months ago.
这就是两个月前我丢的那辆自行车。（同一辆自行车）
比较：This is the same bike as I lost two months ago.
这辆自行车像两个月前我丢的那辆。（相像的自行车）
2.as引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容。从句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中。
As we all know,the Great Wall of China has become world-famous.
我们都知道，中国的长城已变得世界闻名。
Lu Xun,as is known to us all,was a great writer.众所周知，鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。
学法点拨 as引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达：
as we all know众所周知 as is well known众所周知
as you see如你所见 as we expect正如我们预料的那样
as often happens正如经常发生的 as I can remember正如我所记得的
as has been said before如前所述 as is/was expected正如预料的那样
as can be seen正如所见 as may be imagined正如可以想象出来的那样

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇与短语1
1.right away 立刻，马上
【链接】
“立刻，马上”常见表达：immediately，instantly，presently，directly，shortly，soon，at once，right away，right now，without delay，in no time
2.burst vi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发
【常考用法】
burst with joy心花怒放 burst open爆裂
burst into tears/laughter突然大哭/笑起来 burst out crying/laughing突然大哭/笑起来
burst through the door破门而入
The sun burst through the clouds.太阳从云缝里露出来了。
burst in闯入，打断，突然出现 burst in upon one’s conversation打断某人谈话
burst into the house破门而入 burst forth爆发，喷发
a burst of laughter 爆发出一阵笑声
3.event n. 事件，大事
【常考用法】
at all events/in any event不管发生什么事；在任何情况下；无论如何
be wise after the event事后聪明的，事后诸葛亮
in either event无论发生哪件事
in that event如果那种情况发生，如果是那样的话
in the event结果，到头来
in the event of万一，倘若
in the normal course of events
按照事物自然发生的程序
【辨析】event，incident,affair,matter与business
（1）event主要指重要的事件，如：国家的、社会的、边界的大事，也指每日里发生的事件或活动以及比赛项目。
（2）incident意为“事件，事变”，用于表示突发事件或偶发事件，指日常小事或不太重要的事件。
（3）affair含义较广，侧重指已发生或必须去做的任何事情或事务。复数形式多指重大或较复杂的事务。
（4）matter是普通用词，着重指一件考虑中的或需要处理的事。
（5）business通常指较重要或较难而又必须承担的事情，也可指公事。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2007·山东高考）I can’t say which wine is best—it’s a（n） of personal taste.
A.affair B.event C.matter D.variety
答案：C It’s a matter of...意为“是……的问题”。
（2）（2007·浙江高考）Of the seven days in a week，Saturday is said to be the most popular for a wedding in some countries.
A.way B.situation C.event D.choice
答案：D 本题考查名词的意思。句意：在一周七天当中，星期六在一些国家据说是婚礼的最佳之选。way方式，方法；situation情形，局势；event事件，大事；choice选择。
4.at an end 结束，终结
【常考用法】
be at an end完结 come to an end完结
put an end to使……结束 at the end在末端，在尽头
in the end终于，在最后 at the end of在……末（端），在……尽头
by the end of到……末为止 end up as head of the firm最后成为公司主管
end up with failure以失败告终 end up getting disappointed以失望收场
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2011·安徽高考）As the story ，the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A.begins B.happens C.ends D.develops
答案：D 本题考查动词的词义辨析。句意：“随着故事情节的展开，这个陌生人物的真面目被慢慢地揭开了。” begin “开始”；happen “发生”；end “结束”；develop “发展，开展”。真面目被慢慢揭开是随着故事情节的“展开”，而不是随着故事情节的“开始”“发生”或“结束”。题干中的slowly是关键信息词，只有读懂关键信息词，才能真正理解句子的含义。解答这类题时需要理解句子的含义，从而确定所需要的动词。
（2）（2010·天津高考）Joining the firm as a clerk，he got rapid promotion，and as a manager.
A.ended up B.dropped out C.came back D.started off
答案：A 句意：成为该公司的一名员工，他得到了快速的升迁，最终他成为了一名经理。end up as...作为……的结束，最终成为……；drop out 退出，退学；come back 返回，苏醒；start off出发，开始。根据句意知A项正确。
（3）（2010·江西高考）Smell the flowers before you go to sleep，and you may just sweet dreams.
A.keep up with B.put up with C.end up with D.catch up with
答案：C 句意：睡觉之前闻闻这些花，你就会进入甜美的梦乡。keep up with跟上；put up with容忍；end up with以……结束；catch up with 赶上。根据句意可知C项正确。
（4）（2009·天津高考）Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything.The teacher will the main points at the end.
A.recover B.review C.require D.remember
答案：B 考查动词词义辨析。recover恢复；review复习，回顾；require要求，需要；remember记忆，记住。句意:如果你没理解所有知识的话，不用担心。老师会在结束时把重要的知识点再回顾一下。
（5）（2007·山东高考）The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft，the most recent at the end of last March.
A.has been launched B. having been launched
C.being launched D.to be launched
答案：B 句中没有连接词，故不能选作谓语动词的A项；由at the end of last March可知应选用表示动作完成的B项；the most recent having been launched为独立主格结构。
（6）（2007·江苏高考）At the end of the meeting，it was announced that an agreement .
A.has been reached B.had been reached
C.has reached D.had reached
答案：B 考查过去完成时的意义及用法。“协议达成”的动作发生在was announced之前，故用过去完成时。
5.nation n. 民族；国家；国民
【常考用法】
the whole nation全国人民
make a speech/give an address to the nation over the radio向全国发表广播演说
hold the nation together/unite the nation把全民族团结起来
【辨析】nation,state,country,land与power
（1）nation是普通用词，指在某一国土定居的人民、民族，强调人民。
（2）state是正式用词，指政治概念上的国家，即由政府所代表的国家。
（3）country是普通用词，侧重国土与人民。
（4）land常用于文学中，侧重国土，带感彩。
（5）power特指拥有强大军事力量，在国际事务中有较强权威或影响的国家，即强国、大国。
6.ruin n.废墟，毁灭 vt.毁灭，使破产
【常考用法】
（1）fall into ruin破败不堪，严重受损 go to ruin严重受损，毁掉
in ruins严重受损，破败不堪 the ruins of a great empire一个伟大帝国的废墟
(2)ruin the crops毁了庄稼 ruin our plan毁掉我们的计划
ruin our hope毁了我们的希望 ruin the whole plan毁掉整个计划
ruin yourself毁了你自己 ruin your health把你的身体搞坏
ruin their image毁掉他们的形象 ruin our vacation/holiday破坏了我们的假期
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2013·辽宁高考）The accident caused some to my car,but it’s nothing serious.
A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage
答案：D harm意为“危害；伤害”，主要指精神上的伤害；injury意为“受伤”，主要指躯体和情感上的伤害；ruin意为“毁灭；废墟；崩溃”，强调毁灭和不可修复；damage意为“损坏；损毁；损失”，强调使部分功能缺失。句意为“这起事故对我的汽车造成了一些损坏，但是不太严重”。
（2）（2007·北京高考）I got caught in the rain and my suit .
A.has ruined B.had ruined C.has been ruined D.had been ruined
答案：C 本题考查时态和语态的运用。ruin表示的动作发生在got caught之后，故排除B、D两项。此处表示被动，所以C项正确。
7.suffering n.苦难；痛苦
【常考用法】
cause him great suffering（s）使他深受痛苦
suffering from toothache遭受牙疼的痛苦
suffering from food shortage遭受食物短缺之苦
8.injure vt.损害，伤害
【常考用法】
injure feeling伤害感情 injure health损害健康
injure sb.’s self-esteem伤害某人的自尊心
injure badly/seriously/severely 严重伤害
be/get injured in an accident在事故中受伤
【链接】
injured adj.受伤的
the injured受伤的人（指一类人）
injury n.（对身体、情感的）伤害，损害
9.destroy vt.破坏，毁坏；消灭
【常考用法】
destroy a building毁坏建筑物 destroy a plan破坏计划
destroy civilization破坏文明 destroy enemy歼灭敌人
destroy equipment毁坏设备 destroy hope打破希望
destroy sb.’s faith in破坏某人对……的信念 destroy one’s health损坏健康
destroy oneself自杀 destroy deliberately蓄意地破坏
destroy totally全部地毁坏
【十年高考链接】
（2013·湖北高考）Don’t defend him any more.It’s obvious that he destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
A.accidentally B.carelessly C.deliberately D.clumsily
答案：C accidentally“偶然地”；carelessly“粗心地”；deliberately“故意地”；clumsily“笨拙地”。由第一句“不要再为他辩护了”可知，他是“故意地，刻意地”毁坏篱笆。句意：你不要再为他辩护了，显然他是故意把花园的篱笆弄坏了，而且还不道歉。
10.useless adj.无用的，无效的；无益的
【常考用法】
be useless arguing/discussing争论/讨论……没有用处
be useless to continue继续下去没有用处
11.shock vt.& vi.（使）震惊，震动n.休克；打击；震惊
【常考用法】
（1）a great shock to sb.使某人震惊 give sb.a shock使某人惊异
go into shock休克 culture shock文化冲击
to one’s shock使某人震惊的是 with shock/from shock由于震惊
an electric shock触电，电击
（2）shock everyone 使大家很震惊 shock sb.into a stupor把某人吓得目瞪口呆
shock sb.’s sense out of sb.某人因震惊而神志不清 shock at对……感到震惊
【链接】
shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.感到震惊的
be shocked at对……感到震惊
12.rescue n.& vt.援救，营救
【常考用法】
a rescue team救援队 rescue workers救援人员
come to sb.’s rescue/rescue sb.营救某人
rescue sb.from...把某人从……中营救出来
【辨析】rescue与save
（1）rescue多指营救某人脱离紧迫的危险。
（2）save含义广泛，既可指营救某人使脱离危险，也可指精神或道德上的拯救。
13.trap vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱，困境
【常考用法】
be trapped in the deep snow陷入深雪中
trap her into marrying him诱骗她嫁给他
set a trap for/to catch the thief设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套
fall into a trap落入陷阱
walk into a trap中计
【辨析】arrest,capture,catch，seize与trap
（1）arrest指根据法律或命令进行逮捕并予以监禁或拘留。
（2）capture指通过武力或计谋等，战胜抵抗而捉住敌人或动物。
（3）catch普通用词，指捉住跑动或隐藏中的人或动物，一般指活捉。
（4）seize侧重指以突然、有力地动作迅速抓住或捉住。
（5）trap多指诱捕。
【十年高考链接】
（2008·山东高考）By the time he realizes he into a trap，it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.
A.walks B.walked C.has walked D.had walked
答案：C 本题考查动词时态。由句中realizes及it’ll be可知应用现在的时态，故排除B、D两项，由句意可知空白处强调已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时，walk into a trap中计。
14.dig out 掘出；发现
【常考用法】
dig people out of collapsed buildings在倒塌的建筑物中挖掘救人
dig out a photograph from under a pile of papers从一堆报纸下面抽出一张照片
dig out the truth for the public为公众挖出真相
dig out some important facts找出一些重要的事实
dig out the old magazines翻出旧杂志
15.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
【常考用法】
bury the dead掩埋死者
bury ourselves in work我们埋身于工作
bury our sorrow把我们的悲痛掩埋
bury her talents埋没了她的才能
bury yourself in your studies专心致志地学习
bury themselves in scientific research他们一头钻到科研里面
bury gold in the cave把金子埋藏在山洞里
be buried in a novel专心读小说
with his head buried in a book他专心读书
with his hands buried in his pockets他两手插在衣袋里
16.shelter n.掩蔽，掩蔽处；避身处v.保护；掩蔽
【常考用法】
a shelter from the sun遮挡阳光
take shelter from the rain under the tree在树下躲避雨
shelter your face from the bitter cold使你的脸不受冻
sheltered from direct sunlight不受阳光直射
【辨析】shelter,defend,protect与guard
（1）shelter通常指寻找安全地方躲避风雨或使人免遭危害。
（2）defend是普通用词，指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受损害，消除危险。用作比喻时，指坚持某种行动、决定或意见。
（3）protect是普通用词，指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害。
（4）guard是普通用词，指保持警惕以防可能的攻击或伤害。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2010·山东高考）Those who suffer from headache will find they get from this medicine.
A.relief B.safety C.defense D.shelter
答案：A 句意：那些头痛患者会发现他们会通过这种药减轻疼痛。relief缓解，减轻；safety安全；defense保护；shelter庇护。
（2）（2009·湖北高考）Some parents are just too protective.They want to their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.
A.spot B.dismiss C.shelter D.distinguish
答案：C 本题考查动词词义辨析。dismiss sb.（from sth.）解雇某人；开除某人；shelter sb.from sth.保护某人免受……；distinguish sb.from sb.把某人与某人区别开来；spot看见；发现，不与from连用。句意:有些父母保护性太强了。他们想保护自己的孩子免受任何形式的危险，不管这种危险是真实存在的还是想象的。real or imagined在句中作状语。解答本类题目时，一要注意动词与介词搭配；二要正确理解句意。
17.a great number of 许多，大量
【常考用法】
a great number of people许多人
a great number of problems许多问题
a great number of English idioms大量的英语成语
a great number of houses大批房屋
【辨析】a number of...与the number of...
（1）a number of...意思是“许多，大量”，后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。 a number of...词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等（例如：a large/great/small number of...许多/少数……）。
（2）the number of...意思是“……的数量”，介词of同其后名词构成介词短语，修饰the number。当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
【链接】
“许多，大量”常见表达：
(1)a great/large/good number of（+复数名词）
a good many/quite a few（+复数名词）
(2）a great/good deal of（+不可数名词）
a large amount of（+不可数名词）
（3）a large quantity of（+复数或不可数名词）
large quantities of（+复数或不可数名词）
a lot of（+复数或不可数名词）
lots of（+复数或不可数名词）
plenty of（+复数或不可数名词）
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2013·浙江高考）During the last three decades,the number of people participating in physical fitness programs sharply.
A.was increasing B.has increased
C.had increased D.will be increasing
答案：B 句意：在过去的三十年里，参加健身计划的人数急剧增加。由时间状语during the last three decades 可知，本句要用现在完成时态，所以正确答案为B项。注意对现在完成时态的时间状语in/during/over the last/past ten years，so far,since...等的积累。
（2）（2010·江西高考）Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200，000，a（n） of 40，000 per year.
A.average B.number C.amount D.quantity
答案：A 句意：去年拿到驾照的学员数量达到了20万，平均每年4万。an average of...……的平均数；a number of许多，大量；an amount of许多，大量；a quantity of许多，大量。
（3）（2010·四川高考）The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too .
A.small B.few C.large D.many
答案：C 句意：学校搬出了市中心，因为学生的数量增长得太多了。由句意知应是学生数量增多了，在英语中，修饰“数量多少”时，只可用表示“大小”的small，large或great修饰，不可用few或many，故选C项。
（4）（2009·山东高考）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities rising steadily since 1997.
A.is B.are C.has been D.have been
答案：C 本题考查主谓一致及时态的运用。“the number of+n.”作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式；由since 1997可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。
（5）（2006·浙江高考）We always keep spare paper，in case we run out.
A.too much B.a number of C.plenty of D.a good many
答案：C 句意：我们总是保存着备用纸，以防用光。a number of与a good many修饰复数名词，由paper为不可数名词可排除B、D两项，too much“太多”不合题意，plenty of“足够的”既可修饰复数名词也可修饰不可数名词，故选C项。
（6）（2004·福建高考）The number of people present at the concert was than expected.There were many tickets left.
A.much smaller B.much more C.much larger D.many more
答案：A 句意：去听音乐会的人数要比预料的少。剩下了很多票。number的修饰词为“large或small”，根据后文信息There were many tickets left.可知A项正确。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读理解1
第Ⅰ组
A
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault （断层），which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes.But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812，three major earthquakes occurred，all centered around the town of New Madrid，Missouri，on the Mississippi River.Property damage was severe.Buildings in the area were almost destroyed.Whole forests fell at once，and huge cracks opened in the ground，releasing some strong smell chemicals.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character，developing sudden rapids and whirlpools（激流和漩涡）.Several times it changed its course，and once，according to some observers，it actually appeared to run backwards.Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes，probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811；but the severity of the earthquakes was shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston，South Carolina，on the coast.Buildings shook in New York City，and clocks were stopped in Washington，D.C.
Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially different.The San Andreas is a horizontal （水平的） boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions.California earthquakes result when the two masses make a sudden move.
The New Madrid fault，on the other hand，is a vertical fault；at some point，possibly hundreds of millions of years ago，rock was pushed up toward the surface，probably by volcanoes under the surface.Suddenly，the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed，leaving huge cracks.Even now，the rock continues to settle downwards，and sudden sinking motions cause earthquakes in the region.The fault itself，a large crack in this layer of rock，with dozens of other cracks that split off from it，extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern Illinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811；these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming，but the scientists say they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.
1.This passage is mainly about .
A.the New Madrid fault B.the San Andreas
C.the causes of faults D.current scientific knowledge about faults
2.Which of the following pictures best describes the type of the New Madrid fault?
3.This passage implies that .
A.horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults
B.vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults
C.a lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened today
D.the volcanoes that caused the New Madrid fault are still alive
【语篇解读】本文通过历史回顾和科学分析，提醒人们多关注New Madrid地区频繁的地震。
1.A 主旨大意题。由本文第一段的最后一句话“But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri？”可知。
2.B 细节理解题。由本文第四段和第五段内容可以判断The San Andreas fault是水平地震，而The New Madrid fault是垂直地震，所以B项正确。
3.C 推理判断题。本文无A、B两项相关内容；根据第五段中第二句“Suddenly，the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed，leaving huge cracks.Even now，the rock continues to settle downwards...”可以排除D项；根据第三段第三句“Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes，probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811...”可以推测答案为C。
B
A powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at 2：46 p.m.local time on March 11th，2011.Japan’s Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three minutes later.The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.
There are over 4，000 Seismic Intensity Meters （地震烈度测量仪） in place throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity.These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening.Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.There are also concrete sea walls around much of the Japanese coastline.But these measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.
Castas Synolakis is a tsunami expert in Los Angeles.He says，“Japan is one of those most well-prepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning.They had a warning.I think what went wrong is that they had not anticipated the size of this event.”
He says there are two reasons for this.Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last 150 years.And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the coast of Japan.
The 9.0-magnitude earthquake was the 4th most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide.It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan.The tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as 13 meters in some areas.
Costas Synolakis says Japan’s concrete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.A tsunami wave can travel as fast as 800 kilometers per hour.To get to higher ground people would often have to travel for many kilometers.This can take more time than a fast traveling tsunami will permit.This is especially true in cases like Japan，where the center of the earthquake struck so close to the coastline.The tsunami waves followed almost immediately.
Experts say early warning systems will continue to be limited by these facts until earthquakes and tsunamis can be predicted.
4.From the second paragraph we can infer that .
A.Japan is an island country
B.the center of the earthquake is located in the northeastern coast
C.the meters in Japan have dropped behind
D.many measures have been carried out to reduce the consequences of earthquakes in Japan
5.The underlined word “anticipated” in the third paragraph probably means“ ”.
A.predicted B.measured
C.counted D.prevented
6.The underlined words “these facts” in the last paragraph refer to the following EXCEPT .
A.the concrete sea walls can’t control the wave
B.it is the worst earthquake happening in Japan in the history
C.the speed of the tsunami is frightening and quick
D.there are many earthquakes in Japan
7.Which may be the best title of this passage?
A.Earthquakes and tsunamis can be predicted
B.A 9.0-magnitude earthquake hit Japan
C.Japan’s concrete sea walls
D.A report about Japan’s early warning systems
8.On which column of China Daily can you find the passage?
A.Technology. B.Culture discovery.
C.Travel. D.History.
【语篇解读】本文是科技文。日本的地震预警系统位居世界前列，能在地震发生后的两分钟内提供信息。三分钟内能够提供有关地震强度和震中的信息。在海啸预警方面，日本是世界上准备工作做得最充分的国家之一，但他们没有预测出这次海啸的规模如此之大。
4.D 推理判断题。A项说法正确，但不是本段的推理；B项不是由第二段推理得出的，是第一段中明示的信息。根据“These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening.Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.”判断，C项推理错误。D项根据所列事实可以推断得出。
5.A 猜测词义题。根据第四段和第五段信息可知，日本的海啸预警系统是世界上最好的之一，此次失误在于没有预料到海啸的规模如此大。
6.D 细节认定题。根据文章倒数第二段、倒数第三段内容可知答案为D。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据全文内容判断，文章介绍日本拥有世界上最先进的地震、海啸预警系统，但没有预料到这次大地震和海啸如此之猛。
8.A 推理判断题。本文主要介绍的是日本的地震、海啸预警系统的先进性和局限性。
C
The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake.She was covered by a destroyed house.Through gaps （缝隙） of those ruins，the rescuers could see her last posture （姿势）.It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing （叩头），but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins.They shouted at the ruins again and again，knocked the bricks using various tools，but no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building.Suddenly the leader ran back，calling,“Come here.” He came to the body，put his hands under the woman，feeling and touching，then shouted loudly and gladly，“There is someone，a baby，still living.”
Through some efforts，rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her.Under her body lay her baby，who was covered by a small red quilt （棉被）.He was about 3 or 4 months’ old.Since well protected by his mother’s body，he was safe.He was in a deep sleep when the rescuer carried him out，and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him.The doctor，along with the rescuing team，took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right，and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt.The doctor looked at the screen；a written message was already there：“My dear baby，if you could live，don’t forget how much I love you.” As a doctor，he experienced much of this type of separation；but at this moment，he cried.The mobile phone was passed，and every person who saw this message shed （流出） tears.
9.When the rescuers found the mom，she .
A.was using her mobile phone to ask for help
B.begged the rescuers to save her baby first
C.was struggling with the pressure
D.didn’t have the normal shape
10.When the baby was rescued，he .
A.was smiling a lot B.was fast asleep
C.was listening carefully D.was frightened to death
11.After seeing the words on the mobile phone，people was .
A.pleased B.excited C.moved D.tired
12.The passage is mainly about .
A.a story of saving a mother and her baby
B.the disaster of a terrible earthquake
C.the rescuers’ hard work after an earthquake
D.the great love of a mother in the earthquake
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了地震中，一位母亲为了救自己的孩子，让自己的身躯承受倒塌的重量，从而为孩子形成了一个庇护所，同时还在手机上给孩子留言。这些都反映了母爱的伟大。
9.D 细节理解题。从第一段中的“just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure”可知，这位母亲已经被倒塌的房子压得变了形。故答案选D项。
10.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He was in a deep sleep...”可知，这个婴儿在熟睡。故答案选B项。
11.C 推理判断题。人们看到母亲为了救自己的孩子而牺牲自己，并在手机上留言“孩子，将来如果你还活着，不要忘了我是多么爱你”。此情此景，人们无不为伟大的母爱而感动。
12.D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一次地震中，母亲为了救自己的孩子，让自己的身躯承受倒塌的重量，从而为孩子形成了一个庇护所，同时还在手机上给孩子留言。这些都反映了母爱的伟大。故答案选D项。
D
Wong Fuk-wing，a Hong Kong volunteer （志愿者） at an orphanage （孤儿院） in Yushu，was killed in the earthquake when he was trying to save others on April 14，2010.
Wong managed to run safely out of the building with some children when the first quake happened at 7:50 a.m.on April 14，but he went back inside to rescue three other children and three teachers inside，although he knew the danger of aftershocks （余震）.
At 10 a.m.，all the children and one of the teachers were saved.However，Wong was buried under the fallen building and died.The other two teachers were still waiting to be rescued.
46-year-old Wong was a truck driver，who often said he could only give his efforts to charity（慈善） instead of money，as he did not earn a lot.His tragic（悲剧的）end touched the hearts of many people both in Hong Kong and on the mainland.
Wong began volunteering in 2002.In 2003，Wong was told by the doctor he got serious illness，which gave him a great blow.However，the illness did not deter the warm-hearted man.When the earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan Province in 2008，Wong rushed to the disaster area of Shifang to offer his help though his family did not want him to go.
In fact，Qinghai is a place Wong had often visited since 2006.As a volunteer，he gave out medicine and clothing to the orphanage there.No one could expect that Wong would die helping others.
Hong Kong Chief Secretary Henry Tang Ying?yen said he had “the highest respect” for the hero who gave his life for others.“What he did has shown the Hong Kong spirit.”The citizens of Hong Kong called him “the pride of Hong Kong’s people” and people on the mainland have also praised him as “a true hero”.
13.Wong died in the earthquake .
A.after he sent medicine and clothing to the orphanage
B.when he returned to save the teachers and students
C.because he suffered from his serious illness again
D.as the first earthquake happened
14.The underlined word“deter”in Paragraph 5 refers to “ ”.
A.prevent B.refuse C.beat D.encourage
15.What can we know about Wong from the passage?
A.He never visited Qinghai before 2010.
B.He was supported his family being a volunteer.
C.He was thought highly of by the Chinese.
D.He was a taxi driver before he died.
16.Which of the following words can be used to describe Wong according to the passage?
A.Honest and self?satisfactory. B.Warm?hearted and selfless.
C.Proud and self?centered. D.Capable and hard?working.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了香港义工黄福荣——阿福的故事。
13.B 细节理解题。本文第二、三段介绍了阿福震中救人牺牲的事迹，故选B。
14.A 词义猜测题。由第五段中的When the earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan Province in 2008，Wong rushed to the disaster area of Shifang to offer his help...可以看出严重的疾病也未能阻止他去汶川地震灾区当一名志愿者。
15.C 细节理解题。由最后一段人们对黄福荣的评价可知香港市民和大陆同胞高度赞扬他。
16.B 推理判断题。阿福从2002年开始做义工，并不顾自己疾病援助汶川地震和玉树地震的援救工作，后在玉树地震中献出生命。从他的事迹不难看出，阿福是一个热心而无私的人。
E
I was sleeping in my room when my bed started shaking and a loud noise was heard.I woke up and my mom was screaming my name.Next moment I was running along with my younger sister，mom and dad.Before I ran out of the door，I realized my elder sister hadn’t come out yet.So I screamed her name at the top of my voice.My mom said she had gone to her class.Then the four of us，along with many others，were running on the staircase.We lived on the seventh floor，so I thought we would not be able to make it and the building would fall before we managed to reach even the fourth floor.My dad’s head was injured by something falling down.I did try to put my hand over his head.When we reached the sixth floor，the building split into two.We had no way to get down.
The next thing I remember is silence.There were around 30 people on the staircase and none could react.Five minutes later，someone opened the door of the sixth?floor flat.We all went in.We were wondering how we would get down.From the balcony of the sixth?floor flat，I saw people standing on the ground floor.All eyes were stuck on us.I could see my elder sister crying.
Our first hope of surviving came when a worker climbed a rope to where we were.That was，the first time we thought maybe we could get down.Half an hour passed and we were still trapped.Finally RSS people arrived with ropes.They got people down one by one.My biggest worry was how my dad would get down.Finally after two and a half hours，we all got down.
That day we saw the power of nature.It has taken more than two years to build the flats and it took just one and a half minutes to destroy the structure.
17.What is this passage mainly about?
A.Ways to survive an earthquake.
B.Reasons why earthquakes happen.
C.The love of parents in an earthquake.
D.The writer’s experience in an earthquake.
18.When the building split into two，the writer and his family .
A.were still sleeping
B.were trapped on the sixth floor
C.were looking for a family member
D.were running from the seventh floor to the sixth floor
19.The first time the writer thought they would probably survive was when .
A.he was encouraged by people on the ground floor
B.someone opened the door of the sixth?floor flat
C.a worker climbed up on a rope
D.RSS people arrived with ropes
20.The earthquake made the writer realize that .
A.there is always hope for people
B.the power of nature is really great
C.natural disasters can happen any time
D.human beings are strong in natural disasters
【语篇解读】作者讲述了他在一次地震中逃生的经历。
17.D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者讲述了他在一次地震中的逃生经历，故选D。
18.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的When we reached the sixth floor，the building split into two.We had no way to get down.可知应选B。
19.C 细节理解题。根据第三段的Our first hope of surviving came when a worker climbed a rope to where we were.可知应选C。
20.B 细节理解题。根据末段的That day we saw the power of nature.可知那次地震让作者认识到了自然界的力量。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读理解2
第Ⅱ组
A
Having lived in California until 1970，my family has felt a number of earthquakes.We have been fortunate，however，to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present.The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude （震级） and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0.There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and，luckily，none is shown in the website.So，my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget.The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other.All three of us （my daughter，I and the tree）shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church.As the building started to shake，I quickly headed for the door to go outside.I remember I said a little prayer—something like，“Help me get out of here in time，Dear Heavenly Father”.Minutes later，I was safe outside.
1.The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about .
A.a new film about an earthquake B.how to survive an earthquake
C.his three earthquake experiences D.how to save children in an earthquake
2.The earthquakes the author has experienced .
A.all caused bodily harm B.are all recorded in a website
C.all measured more than 6.0 D.all happened in California
3.When the first earthquake happened，the author .
A.was staying with his daughter B.was planting fruit trees
C.held on to a tree for hours D.was in a hotel
4.What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to?
A.A church.
B.Disneyland.
C.A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D.The place where the author was born.
【语篇解读】作者回忆了自己经历的三次地震。
1.C 写作意图题。作者主要是向读者介绍了自己经历的三次地震。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段的The first one was in 1955...in California.和第四段第二句以及第五段的My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.可知答案。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的All three of us（my daughter，I and the tree） shook for two or three minutes...可知作者和女儿共同经历了这场地震。
4.B 理判断题。根据Our entire family was visiting Disneyland...可知答案。
B
If the crust （外壳） of the earth were not pretty solid （坚固的），it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently.However，there are places in the rocks of the earth’s crust where it isn’t strongly held together—where faults exist.Along the faults，one rock might push against another with great force.The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks，so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!
The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906.Seven hundred people died and property（财产）damage amounted to about ＄425，000，000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.
One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon，Portugal，in 1755.The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed.In 1908，in Calabria and Sicily，a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people.In 1915，in central Italy，hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed.
Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo，Japan，and in Gansu Province in China.The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama，too.The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people.
5.The first paragraph mainly tells us .
A.where earthquakes happen B.how earthquakes happen
C.the damage caused by earthquakes D.famous earthquakes in the world
6.The underlined word“vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “ ”.
A.shaking B.force C.energy D.losing
7.According to the passage，the earthquake that killed the most people happened in .
A.Portugal B.Italy C.Japan D.China
8.We can infer from the passage that .
A.the earth’s crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places
B.the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did
C.there were 75，000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake
D.the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。说明地震的起因。
5.B 通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。
6.A 一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibration意为“晃动”，故A项正确。
7.D 由地震死亡数字可知，1920年在中国发生的地震死亡人数最多。
8.B 细节理解题。由第二段中“The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.”可知B项正确。
C
In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America，killing over 30，000 people in less than four minutes.A father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
After the shock，he remembered the promise he had made to his son：“No matter what， I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes.As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school，it looked hopeless，but he kept remembering his promise to his son.
Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building，he rushed there and started digging through the ruins.
Other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school，saying：“It’s too late! They’re all dead! You can’t help! Face the reality，there’s nothing you can do!” He replied，“Are you going to help me now?” The fire chief showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins saying，“Fires are breaking out，explosions are happening everywhere.You’re in danger.We’ll take care of it.Go home.” This loving，caring American father asked，“Are you going to help me now?”
The police came and said，“You’re anxious and it’s over.You’re endangering others.Go home.We’ll handle it!” He replied，“Are you going to help me now?” No one helped.
Courageously he went on alone.He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then，in the 38th hour，he pulled back a large stone and heard his son’s voice.He screamed his son’s name，“ARMAND!” He heard back，“Dad! It’s me，Dad! I told the other kids not to worry.I told them that if you were alive，you’d save me and when you saved me，they’d be saved.You promised no matter what happened，you would always be there for me! You did it，Dad!” “What’s going on in there? How is it?” the father asked.
“There are 14 of us left out of 33，Dad.”
“Come out，boy!”
“No，Dad! Let the other kids out first，because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens，I know you’ll always be there for me!”
9.Why did the father keep digging?
A.Because he promised his wife he would take care of their son.
B.Because others persuaded him to do so.
C.Because he promised his son that he would be with him whatever happened.
D.Because his son was his only child.
10.Many people came up and tried to persuade the father to stop digging except .
A.the police B.the fire chief
C.some kind parents D.the medical officer
11.Which of the following best describes the son?
A.Frightened，hopeless and thankful. B.Careful，helpful and brave.
C.Calm，hopeful and determined. D.Selfish，honest and faithful.
12.We can learn from the passage that .
A.sometimes all a person needs is a hand to hold and a heart to understand
B.you cannot go on well in life until you forget your past failures
C.love can set us free from all fear and overcome the toughest challenges
D.we have enough happiness to make us sweet and enough sorrow to keep us human
【语篇解读】父爱是一诺千金。父亲曾经对儿子说：不管发生什么，我都会在你身边。地震过后，父子都牢记这句话。后来，父亲来到了儿子身边，儿子凭靠这句话坚持了下来。
9.C 推理判断题。由文章内容可知，就是因为对儿子的承诺，使得这位父亲一直在挖，故C项正确。
10.D 细节理解题。由文章第四、五段可知，有些好心的父母、消防大队长以及一些警察都劝他放弃，故D项正确。
11.C 推理判断题。由文章中儿子的表现尤其是 他说的话I told the other kids not to worry.I told them that if you were alive，you’d save me and when you saved me，they’d be saved.You promised no matter what happened，you would always be there for me! You did it，Dad!可以推断出他是一个冷静、有决心、并且充满希望的人，故C项正确。
12.C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，就凭着一股信念，相信父亲会来救自己，儿子帮助其他十几个人活了下来，这就是爱的力量，爱可以使人克服重重困难，故C项正确。
D
Some countries have a large number of earthquakes.Japan is one of them.Others do not have many；for example，there are few earthquakes in Britain.There is often a great noise during an earthquake.The ground shakes and houses fall down.Railway lines are broken.Trains run off the lines.Sometimes thousands of people are killed in different ways.About 60，000 were killed in 1783 in South Italy.A terrible earthquake in 1883 killed 35，000 people in Indonesia.
Fires often follow earthquakes.The Tokyo earthquake of 1923 happened just before the middle of the day.People were cooking meals on their fires at that time.When the ground shook，and the fires shook，too.Hot materials were thrown onto different parts of the houses，which were made of wood.Soon 134 fires were burning in the city.
Another terrible earthquake happened in India in 1896.The ground suddenly moved 0.45m to one side.Then it moved back again.It moved like this 200 times a minute.Nearly all the buildings and trees fell down when that was happening.
13.According to the article， has few earthquakes.
A.India B.Italy C.Japan D.England
14.Which of the following won’t happen during an earthquake?
A.The ground shakes. B.Materials become hot.
C.Some people die. D.A great noise can be heard.
15.There were many fires after the Tokyo earthquake because .
A.people were using fires B.the earthquake shook the fires
C.the houses were made of wood D.All the above
16.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Trains run off the lines because railway lines are broken in earthquake.
B.The earthquake of 1923 hit Tokyo just before the middle of the day.
C.People threw hot materials onto different parts of the houses.
D.In the 1896 India earthquake，there were few buildings in the area after the earthquake.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上地震常发地以及地震时的伴随现象。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“for example，there are few earthquakes in Britain”可知，答案是D。
14.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“There is often a great noise during an earthquake.The ground shakes and houses fall down.”和“Sometimes thousands of people are killed in different ways.”可知，A、C、D三项内容正确；只有B项没提到。
15.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“People were cooking meals on their fires at that time.When the ground shook，and the fires shook，too.Hot materials were thrown onto different parts of the houses，which were made of wood.”可知，D项正确。
16.C 正误判断题。根据第一段中“Railway lines are broken.Trains run off the lines.”可知，A项正确；根据第二段中“The Tokyo earthquake of 1923 happened just before the middle of the day.”可知，B项正确。根据第三段中“Nearly all the buildings and trees fell down when that was happening.”可知，D项正确。只有C项不符合原文。
E
After an earthquake most survivors can be expected to recover over time，particularly with the support of family and friends.Some families will be able to return to their normal life quickly，while others will have to contend with the destruction of their homes，medical problems，and injury to family members.Children especially will need time to recover from the loss of a loved one or a pet or from the closing down of their school.
Children often turn to adults for information，comfort and help.Parents should try to remain calm，answer children’s questions honestly and remain understanding when they see changes in their children’s behavior.
Children react differently to an earthquake depending on their ages，developmental levels and former experiences.Some will respond by withdrawing （不与人交往），while others will have angry outbursts（爆发）.Parents should remain sensitive to each child’s reactions.Parents should spend time talking to their children，letting them know that it’s OK to ask questions and to share their worries.Although it may be hard to find time to have these talks，parents can use regular family mealtimes or bedtimes for them.They should answer questions briefly and honestly and be sure to ask their children for their opinions and ideas.Issues may come up more than once and parents should remain patient when you answer the questions again.For young children，parents，after talking about the earthquake，might read a favorite story or have a relaxing family activity to help them calm down.Parents should also tell children they are safe and spend extra time with them.They could play games outside or read together indoors.Most importantly，be sure to tell them you love them.
17.What’s the passage mainly about?
A.How to prepare before an earthquake strikes.
B.What to do in an earthquake.
C.How to face the loss of a loved one in an earthquake.
D.How to help children recover mentally from an earthquake.
18.The underlined phrase “contend with” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “ ”.
A.deal with B.make up C.put off D.turn back
19.Which of the following pieces of advice is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.Keep a close watch on children’s behavior.
B.Tell the children they are safe.
C.Tell the children you love them.
D.Ask educational experts for help.
20.What can we know from the passage?
A.All people will recover from an earthquake quickly.
B.Children may need a longer time to recover after an earthquake.
C.Children should turn to their classmates for help after an earthquake.
D.Children react in the same way as adults do to an earthquake.
【语篇解读】本文就震后如何帮助孩子恢复身心健康向家长提出了有关的建议。
17.D 主旨大意题。全文都是关于地震后父母如何安慰孩子的，因此选D。
18.A 词义猜测题。根据上下文可推出此处contend with意思为“处理”。与deal with接近。
19.D 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可找到有关A、B、C三个选项的表述，D项文中没有提及。
20.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Children especially will need time to recover from...可知B项正确。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读理解3
第Ⅲ组
A
Tears of happiness and shouts of joy rang out last week at the San Jose mine in northern Chile as 33 miners were lifted to freedom，one by one.The men，ranging from 19 to 63 years old，have been buried alive since a cave in the copper and gold mine where they were working fell down on August 5.It is the longest time anyone has ever survived being trapped underground.
After the fall，the men found an emergency shelter off one of the mine’s tunnels.The temperature in the dark shelter was around 90°F.For more than two weeks，the miners’ water came from the radiator tanks on their work vehicles.They shared a supply of food that was meant to last for only 48 hours.
The miners were totally separated until rescue teams made contact with the men on August 22.They sent a note to the surface explaining their situation.Rescuers drilled small holes to reach the cavern and sent down supply tubes containing food，water，clothes，medicine，fresh air and other supplies.They also received letters from their families，a television set and games.
Additional falls slowed down rescue efforts.Finally，a tunnel was built that could fit a 13-foot rescue capsule，called the Pheonix.The escape hole measures 28 inches across，a tight fit for the winding 20-minute，2，041-foot ride.The first miner reached the surface just after midnight on Wednesday.More than half of the men had been brought to safety by Wednesday afternoon.
The miners were met by family members who were waiting at Camp Hope，a settlement of tents near the mine.Chile’s president，Sebastian Pinera，cheered at the scene and hugged the miners.“We made a promise never to surrender，and we kept it，”he said.After an immediate medical exam，the men were air-lifted to the nearest hospital for 48 hours of observation.
1.The first paragraph tells us that trapped miners .
A.shouted in joy after getting rescued
B.were buried while having a rest
C.came to the ground together
D.were all different in ages
2.What do we know about the emergency shelter?
A.It was very hot inside. B.It had food supply for 48 workers.
C.It had water stored for two days. D.It had a hole to get fresh air.
3.What made the rescue more difficult?
A.Miners got weak without food.
B.Additional collapse happened later.
C.The escape hole was too narrow to use.
D.The rock was too hard to dig a tunnel.
4.The underlined word “surrender”in the last paragraph may mean .
A.dig out B.cheer up C.give in D.take a chance
【语篇解读】33名智利矿工，因为矿道塌方，被困在地下的避难所里。智利举国营救被埋矿工。
1.D 文章第一段的第二句话告诉我们这些被埋的矿工的年龄在19岁到63岁之间，因此可知他们的年龄是不同的，故选D。
2.A 从文章第二段的第二句话可知这个避身处的温度很高，故选A。
3.B 从第四段第一句话可知后来的不断的塌陷造成了救援的困难，故选B。
4.C 最后一段的第二、三句话表达了智利的总统看到矿工们被营救上来的高兴以及他说人们不会放弃这些矿工的诺言终于实现了，由此可知应选C。
B
People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem.In 1993，the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered，to their horror，that their gardens had disappeared overnight.The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs （石灰岩） on which they had been built.While experts were studying the problem，the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether，sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion （侵蚀） of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years.Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept （慢慢地移动） farther and farther inland.Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people，forecasting the year in which the hungry sea will swallow up their homes.Angry owners have called on the Government to build sea defenses to protect their homes.Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases，this is impossible.New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast，shifting the problem from one area to another.The danger is likely to continue，they say，until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is.Meanwhile，if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future，apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England.You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.
5.What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?
A.The rising of the sea level.
B.The experts’ lack of knowledge.
C.The washing-away of limestone cliffs.
D.The disappearance of hotels，houses and gardens.
6.The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England .
A.will soon become a problem for people living in central England
B.has now become a threat to the local people
C.can be stopped if proper measures are taken
D.is quickly changing the map of England
7.The experts’ study on the problem of erosion can .
A.warn people whose homes are in danger
B.provide an effective way to slow it down
C.help to find out when the cliffs will disappear
D.lead to its final solution
8.It is not practical to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because .
A.house agents along the coast do not support the idea
B.it is too costly and will endanger neighboring areas
C.the government is too slow in taking action
D.they will be easily knocked down by waves and currents
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。说明英国南部居民面临一个严峻的问题：受石灰岩侵蚀，他们的家园慢慢被海水淹没。
5.C 细节理解题。根据文章第三句“The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs（石灰岩） on which they had been built.”可知应选C。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第五句“Erosion（侵蚀） of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years.”以及当地居民的反应“Angry owners...”可知B为最佳选项。
7.A 推理判断题。通读全文，用排除法排除掉非事实选项B、C、D。
8.B 细节理解题。根据文中“New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds...one area to another.”可知。
C
An earthquake happens when two plates rub（摩擦） together.The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds.If one plate is slowly forced under the other，pressure builds up until the plates break apart.This process causes the ground to move.It is an earthquake.In other words，earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer （岩层） as a result of the energy stored within the earth.The strain within the rocks is suddenly released （释放）.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening.If an unpopulated region is struck，there will be low loss of life or property.If it hits a large city，there may be many injuries and much destruction.Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now.Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually，there are several million small earthquakes every year.Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale，can cause millions of dollars in damage.In the last 500 years，millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world—including 240，000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation （破坏） that continues for years after the first tremor （震动）.In 1972，a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua，Nicaragua.Fifteen years later，the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit，because the country did not have the money necessary to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster.It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.In the 1906 earthquake，it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage.An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys，causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
9.Which of the following is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A.An earthquake comes from inside the earth.
B.The earth has great energy in storage.
C.How the earth plates move.
D.How an earthquake happens.
10.How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage and destruction earthquakes cause?
A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.
11.Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people?
A.The 1964 Alaskan quake. B.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.
C.The 1972 Managua earthquake. D.The 1906 earthquake.
12.The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means .
A.causing too much heat and great damage
B.causing many injuries and much destruction
C.happening as a result of another event
D.happening suddenly and unexpectedly
【语篇解读】本文讲述了地震的起因及其危害。
9.D 细节理解题。第一段主要讲述了地震的成因。
10.B 细节理解题。文中提到1964年阿拉斯加地震，1976年唐山地震，1972年尼加拉瓜的马那瓜地震，以及1906年地震，共四次。
11.B 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句可知1976年唐山大地震中有240 000人遇难。
12.C 词义理解题。下文提到在1906年地震中，绝大部分的损失是在地震引起的火灾中造成的。由此推出ensuing是指另一件事所引起的。
D
My name is Ben.I am 13，and I live in Chantilly，Va.Just yesterday，June 24，1996，I was at home watching my sister，who is mentally handicapped.My father was at work while my mother and younger sister were at my mom’s office.
I had noticed the clouds growing darker and the ones to the east were turning green.At first I thought nothing of it，but then on the TV，the weather reporter was announcing a big thunderstorm warning，one that usually brings hail and heavy rain.
After seeing that，I called my mother and told her about it.She told me I should not be worried because it was just a thunderstorm so we hung up.Then I looked outside and noticed it was almost pitch black at 4：30 pm.I took a flashlight because I was sure the power was going to go out any second.Then no sooner had I got back from getting the flashlight than the weather reporter announced a Tornado Warning！I had never been in an actual tornado before，but I had seen some funnel clouds before in Montana.
Suddenly I realized I had no time to lose and I had to try to get my sister down the stairs to the basement in a matter of minutes.I surprisingly got her down there with no trouble at all and I raced back up the stairs to get the cordless phone.When I got back downstairs my dad called and told me to get downstairs immediately.I told him I was already down there！He said OK and we talked for a few seconds and then we hung up.Then through the basement windows，the only thing I could see was when lightning struck.
I do not recall hearing of any deaths，or too many injuries so I guess everyone got a good head start to run to their basements.Either they or we are all lucky.
13.When Ben noticed the clouds growing darker， .
A.he knew a strong storm was coming
B.he didn’t pay much attention to it at first
C.he at once made a call to his mother
D.he wanted to make sure if it would rain on TV
14.Ben took a flashlight because .
A.he wanted to look for something
B.it was not bright enough in the room
C.he wanted to take care of his sister
D.he was prepared for the power off
15.How did Ben save himself and his sister?
A.By staying upstairs at home. B.By running out of the house.
C.By hiding in the basement. D.By using the cordless phone.
16.How did Ben’s father feel when he called Ben?
A.Worried. B.Excited. C.Disappointed. D.Encouraged.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。记述了作者遭遇龙卷风的经历。
13.B 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“At first I thought nothing of it...”可知，作者最早看到乌云密布时没有在意。
14.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...I was sure the power was going to go out any second.”可知，他拿手电筒的目的是防止因暴风雨的来临而停电。
15.C 推理判断题。第四段提到我把姐姐安置到了地下室，并且父亲与我通话告诉我要尽快到地下室，结合最后一段提到的龙卷风过后并没有人受伤是因为人们都躲到了地下室，由此可知，C项符合文意。
16.A 推理判断题。龙卷风就要到来，爸爸给Ben打电话让他们立即（immediately）躲进地下室。由此判断爸爸当时很“着急”。
E
Although hurricane season doesn’t begin until June 1，a Pacific storm has already struck.El Salvador，which was ruined by a Caribbean storm in 1995，was hit by Hurricane Adrian on Friday.This is the first Pacific-born hurricane to ever reach land in this Central American country.
Some 14，000 people left from the western coast of El Salvador.The storm weakened as it crossed land，heading east.Heavy rains created deadly flooding problems in the hurricane’s wake.
Adrian is the first Pacific storm of the season.It reported maximum continuous winds of 75 miles per hour，the minimum strength of a hurricane.A Category 3 hurricane，Adrian also caused damage and flooding in Honduras.It is expected to break up before reaching the Caribbean Sea on the eastern coast of Central America.
Hurricane season typically begins June 1 and lasts through November 30.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration （NOAA） has predicted seven to nine hurricanes for the 2005 season.
“It is difficult to make any kind of an exact prediction of how many of these will strike land，” NOAA administrator Conrad Lauten bacher said.He predicts two to three hurricanes will strike the U.S.this season.
Last year，six of nine hurricanes reached Category 3 strength or higher.Four of those hitFlorida within a six-week period.Altogether，Hurricanes Charley，Frances，Ivan，and Jeanne caused more than ＄40 billion in damage in the Sunshine State.
This year’s forecast is based on ocean temperatures.Warmer temperatures produce more tropical storms，which can then turn into hurricanes.
“The issue，really，this year is the unusually warm sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic，” said Frank Lepore of the National Hurricane Center.
17.Which of the following is the 2005 first hurricane?
A.Charley. B.Adrian. C.Jeanne. D.Frances.
18.How many countries struck by the hurricane are mentioned in the text?
A.Six. B.Nine. C.Five. D.Three.
19.We can infer that warmer ocean temperatures .
A.have nothing to do with the hurricane
B.cause less hurricane
C.are more likely to cause the hurricanes
D.do a lot of damage to the areas along the coast
20.The passage implies that .
A.hurricane season comes early this year
B.every hurricane formed in oceans could cause great damage to the land
C.hurricane often comes in winter and spring
D.tropical storm is more severe than hurricane
【语篇解读】这是一篇自然类短文。飓风的发生一般是有季节性的，但今年飓风比以往来得更早，这与海洋温度的升高有密切关系。
17.B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句话“El Salvador...was hit by Hurricane Adrian on Friday.”可知。
18.D 细节理解题。受hurricane侵袭的国家在文中提到的只有三个：El Salvador，the U.S.，and Honduras。Florida是美国的一个州名，其余Charley，Frances，Ivan，Jeanne等指的是飓风的名称而非国名。
19.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第二句话“Warmer temperatures produce more tropical storms，which can then turn into hurricanes.”可知。
20.A 推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句话“Although hurricane season doesn’t begin until June 1，a Pacific storm has already struck.”可知，今年的飓风比以往来得更早些。
2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读理解4
第Ⅳ组
A
When the earthquake hit Japan on March 11,2011,workers in a supermarket in Japan didn’t run away when they felt the shaking.Instead,they held on the shelves and tried to stop the goods （货物） from falling down.
Reporters from NHK,the country’s largest TV station,stayed calm in front of cameras during the earthquake,even though some were facing real danger.
The earthquake was the most powerful one to hit Japan in the country’s history.But Japan’s reaction （反应） to the accident has shown that it is the most earthquake-prepared country in the world.The calm the Japanese showed during and after the quake has impressed the world.
This is because Japan has “an earthquake culture”.Japanese people are taught how to prepare for and react to earthquakes from a young age.
Schools in Japan organize earthquake practices every month.They make students become familiar with being in an earthquake.
Japan also has a good earthquake warning system （警报系统）.Warnings were broadcast on television,radio and mobile phones nine seconds after experts （专家） first knew about the quake on March 11.
The warning system is unable to predict earthquakes.But it can usually alert people about 15 seconds before they feel the effects.Even 15 or 20 seconds can be enough time to save people’s lives.
1.How did Japanese people react when the big earthquake hit Japan on March 11?
A.They felt angry. B.They were scared.
C.They stayed calm. D.They were frustrated.
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Japan’s reaction to the earthquake impressed the world.
B.Japanese schools organize earthquake practice every day.
C.Japan has a warning system that can predict earthquakes.
D.Japanese people learn about earthquake safety only from universities.
3.After experts first knew about the quake on March 11,warnings were NOT broadcast .
A.on radio B.on the movie C.on television D.on mobile phones
4.What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Chinese?
A.改善 B.提高 C.提醒 D.改变
5.What does the story mainly tell us about?
A.Japan’s earthquake culture.
B.The bad results caused by the earthquake.
C.Japanese people were scared after the earthquake.
D.Japanese people were homeless after the earthquake.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。讲述了在2011年3月11日的日本大地震中，人们面对地震表现地非常镇静；并且讲述了日本的地震文化以及介绍了日本先进的地震报警系统。
1.C 由第一段中“...workers in a supermarket in Japan didn’t run away when they felt the shaking.Instead,they held on the shelves and tried to stop the goods (货物) from falling down.”以及第二段中“Reporters from NHK...stayed calm...”可知人们面对地震表现地很镇静。
2.A 细节理解题。由短文第三段最后一句话“The calm the Japanese showed during and after the quake has impressed the world.”可知：在地震中或者地震后日本人们表现出来的镇静给世界留下了很深的印象。故选A。
3.B 细节理解题。由短文第六段中“Warnings were broadcast on television,radio and mobile phones nine seconds after experts (专家) first knew about the quake on March 11.”可知，没有在电影中播出。故选B。
4.C 词义猜测题。“报警系统”当然是“提醒”人们了。故选C。
5.A 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了日本人们在地震面前表现地非常镇静，以及讲述了日本的“地震文化”。
B
In Singapore，most of us love window-shopping while some others enjoy having a picnic at East Coast Park or Changi Beach on sunny days.Singaporeans are never bothered by the occasional thunderstorm.However，we know that if it rains for long continuous periods，there will be more serious effects.Just recently the main shopping street of Orchard Road was flooded and some part of Bukit Timah was impassable to traffic.People reacted by writing in to the newspaper to complain about this! We forget that other countries suffer much worse effects.
Elsewhere，heavy tropical（热带的）storms often result in floods that ruin crops especially in Thailand and Malaysia.This in turn usually means that the price of rice and vegetables here in Singapore will rise because we import these products from them.If there is a typhoon or tsunami，thousands of lives are lost too.This happened in Indonesia and Phuket in Thailand in 2004 and it serves to remind us of how Mother Nature can cause great damage.
Weather patterns in general have changed dramatically in recent years.Scientists believe that global warming and the resulting melting of the polar ice-cap has caused the level of the ocean to rise.This in turn causes flooding of low-lying areas in countries where the land is rather flat and some parts of which is below water level.It is believed that human activities have caused Mother Nature to show her extreme anger，so it is now important that we really work together to cut down on harmful activities，for example，illegal logging （伐木） or irresponsible forest-burning to clear land for farming.
6.From Paragraph 1，we can see that most Singaporeans love .
A.making complaints B.going out for picnics
C.doing window-shopping D.traveling along the coast
7.What will happen in Singapore if there are floods in its neighboring countries?
A.Heavy tropical storms will follow shortly.
B.The price of rice and vegetables will go up.
C.Many people will write in to the newspaper.
D.More rice and vegetables will be imported.
8.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A.the arrival of heavy tropical storms
B.the import of rice and vegetables
C.the rising price of rice and vegetables
D.the loss of lives in natural disasters
9.Which of the following shows how the low-lying areas are flooded?
a.global warming
b.the rise in ocean level
c.harmful human activities
d.the flooding of low-lying areas
e.the melting of the polar ice-cap
A.c→a→e→b→d B.a→c→e→b→d C.c→a→b→e→d D.d→a→c→b→e
10.What should we do in order not to make Mother Nature angry?
A.Clear more land for farming. B.Reduce harmful human activities.
C.Bring down the price of food. D.Improve the quality of weather.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。说明了人类与自然灾害之间的关系，进而倡导大家减少危害环境的行为。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第一段倒数三、四句可知。热带风暴导致的洪水会毁掉庄稼，新加坡的蔬菜和大米是从这些国家进口的，所以会导致蔬菜、大米的价格上升。
8.D 词义猜测题。上句提到台风和海啸会导致成千上万的人死亡。这在2004年在印度尼西亚和泰国的普吉岛发生过。自然灾害导致人死亡这件事用来提醒我们大自然可以带来巨大损害。
9.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知。
10.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中It is believed that human activities have caused Mother Nature to show her extreme anger，so it is now important that we really work together to cut down on harmful activities...“人们认为是人类的活动导致了大自然极端愤怒，因此，现在我们真的应该团结合作减少有害活动……”可知。
C
Everyone knows the earth is big，most of which is covered by water.About ninety percent of the world’s water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas.But as we can’t drink seawater，how can it be important?
Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths.Most of the different species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food.These simple plants called algae （海藻） drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen.In fact，algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe.How important seawater is!
Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain.The algae are eaten in large amounts by microscopic animals，which are in turn consumed by larger animals.These food chains are delicately balanced.
The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man.People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn’t matter if we dumped rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food.But we now know this is not true and fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop.
Thankfully，the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements to protect marine habitats.Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions to protect fish stocks in the oceans and new techniques are being pioneered to cope with pollution.Finally，the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people.This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future.We depend on the oceans for fish which are an important part of the human diet.How important seawater is!
11.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Overly fishing has caused the decrease in fish stock.
B.It is very hard to break the balance of a food chain.
C.An amazing number of the fish and sea animals live at the surface of the seas.
D.It won’t be long before the problems concerning oceans will be solved.
12.What does the underlined word “delicately” mean?
A.easily-damaged B.hard-broken C.simply-made D.beautifully
13.In the past，people hold the view that the rubbish .
A.would kill the animal in the sea B.would change the balance of the sea
C.would pollute the sea D.wouldn’t have a bad influence on the sea
14.Which is the best title of the passage?
A.The importance of seawater. B.Fishing on the oceans.
C.Importance of food chains. D.How to deal with seawater pollution.
15.Which is not a good way to protect oceans?
A.The use of international agreements.
B.The use of new techniques.
C.Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks.
D.Raising people’s awareness of the need to protect oceans.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。说明了海洋资源的重要性、目前海洋资源所面临的危险以及政府所采取的保护措施。
11.A 细节推断题。根据第四段中的“...fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop.”可知大量捕捉鱼类肯定会造成鱼类储量的下降；根据第三段中的“These food chains are delicately balanced.”可知B项错误；根据第二段首句可知C项错误；根据最后一段中的“This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future.”可知D项错误。
12.A 词义猜测题。根据上下文，我们可以猜出delicately是“脆弱地，容易损坏地”的意思。
13.D 细节推断题。根据第四段中的“People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn’t matter if we dumped rubbish into them...”可知人们过去以为海洋那么大，扔进一点垃圾不会对海洋造成多大的影响。
14.A 主旨推断题。根据文章的第一段，以及第二段和最后一段的末句可知文章的中心是在说明海水的重要性。
15.C 细节推断题。根据最后一段可知很多国家通过限制捕鱼数量来保护鱼类，但不是禁止捕鱼；其他几种措施在最后一段中都可找到。
D
A major landslide hit a mining area in Tibet autonomous region on Friday morning，burying 83 workers，local authorities said.
The landslide happened at about 6 am in Maizhokunggar county of Lhasa，the regional capital.The victims were workers from Tibet Huatailong Mining Development Co.Ltd，belonging to the China National Gold Group Corporation.
The affected area of the landslide is 3 kilometers long，with about 2 million cubic meters of mud，rock and debris，a Xinhua reporter said from the disaster site.More than 1，000 rescuers，including police，firefighters and medical personnel，are working at the site，which is at an altitude of 4，600 meters.
Villagers living nearby told Xinhua that the landslide struck suddenly，bringing massive rocks down to smash the workers’ camp area in early morning.A mass of rolling rock from the mountaintop cut a big excavator in two parts，a witness told Xinhua.
Two of the buried workers are local Tibetans and others were recruited mainly from neighboring provinces of Yunnan，Guizhou and Sichuan.
Five excavators，five pick-up trucks and an SUV were also buried in the debris，said Zou Yuming，deputy head of the Maizhokunggar county government.
About 200 large vehicles and equipment，15 sniffer dogs and 15 life-detector machines are being used in the rescue.The rescue will be very difficult due to the size of the affected area，said an official from the regional fire department.
Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang on Friday ordered top efforts to rescue the buried workers.They have told local authorities to spare no efforts to rescue the buried and prevent secondary disasters.
A work team led by officials from the State Administration of Work Safety，Ministry of Land and Resources and State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission is rushing to the accident site to guide rescue efforts.
16.Where do we read the passage?
A.In a magazine. B.In an advertisement.
C.In a newspaper. D.In a poster.
17.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.The landslide occurred in the early morning.
B.Lhasa lies at an altitude of 4，600 meters.
C.Policemen，firemen and doctors are called in to rescue.
D.People from neighboring provinces work in the mining area in Tibet.
18.What caused the rescue so difficult?
A.The heavy rain. B.The loose land of the area.
C.Too many rescuers. D.The big size of affected area.
19.How did the officials immediately react to the landslide?
A.They took active measures to reduce losses in time.
B.They drove about 200 large vehicles and equipment.
C.They rescued the buried workers.
D.They took 15 life-detector machines with them.
20.What attitude to the natural disaster did the writer express in the passage?
A.Excited. B.Critical. C.Ironical. D.Not mentioned.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了拉萨矿区山体滑坡：83人被埋，现场海拔4 600米。灾害发生后，习近平、李克强分别作出重要指示，要求全力展开救援，尽最大努力抢救被困人员，防止再次发生灾害，并抓紧核实被困人数，查明滑坡原因，做好各项善后工作。
16.C 推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了拉萨矿区山体滑坡：83人被埋，现场海拔4 600米。A：在杂志上；B：在广告上；C：在报纸上；D：在海报上，显然C项正确。
17.B 细节理解题。根据常识可知，拉萨市区地处海拔3 650米的河谷冲积平原，是世界上海拔最高的城市之一，而4 600米是拉萨矿区山体滑坡的现场海拔，故选B。
18.D 细节理解题。倒数第三段信息The rescue will be very difficult due to the size of the affected area表明，由于大面积山体滑坡致使援救工作难度大。
19.A 灾害发生后，习近平、李克强分别作出重要指示，要求全力展开救援，尽最大努力抢救被困人员，防止再次发生灾害，并抓紧核实被困人数，查明滑坡原因，做好各项善后工作。自治区、市、县领导立即赶赴现场，组织抢救被困人员。B、C、D三项是援救人员做的。故A项正确。
20.D 推理判断题。excited兴奋的；critical批评的；ironical讽刺的。通读文章可知，作者客观的报道新闻情况，未表达自己的态度，故选D。

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读表达1
阅读下面短文并回答问题(请注意题后的词数要求)。
Passage 1
Good sleep is needed for good health.During sleep，your body repairs itself.Your immune system is built up.Don’t shortchange （亏待，欺骗） yourself of the sleep you need.Here are some of an expert’s tips for getting a good night’s sleep.
1.Make sure your room is dark.Pull down the shades.Let no light of any kind in.
2.Before you go to sleep，ask your family not to turn on a light.Light breaks the sleep rhythm.Once broken，it’s hard to get the sleep clock running right.As a result，you will not sleep well.You will wake up tired.
3.A hot bath just before bed is good.It makes you relax.You are at peace.This starts the desire for sleep.
4.During the day， .Even jogging（慢跑） will show good results.How about a good long walk? This will get your body to work.You will find that toward evening you will get that nice，tired feeling.Sleep then will come easily.Added to this，exercise is good for your health.
5.Here is what to do when you get up.Open the shades or blinds.Let the sun in.Open the windows.Let the fresh air in.This sun and air get imprinted on your brain.The rhythm of being awake gets started.Your body clock is set for the day.That clock will let you know when it is the right time to go to sleep.
76.What does the underlined word “It” mean? （Please answer within 5 words）

77.What’s the main idea of the passage? （Please answer within 15 words）

78.Please fill in the blank with the proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 5 words）

79.Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1.
Good sleep is needed for good health.

80.How can we get a good sleep?（at least 3 suggestions） （Please answer within 30 words）
①
②
③
答案：
76.A hot bath.
77.This passage shows an expert’s tips for getting a good night’s sleep.
78.do some exercise
79.To be healthy，you need good sleep.
80.（答对三个即可）
①Make sure your room is dark.
②Before you go to sleep,ask your family not to turn on a light.
③A hot bath just before bed is good.
④During the day,do some exercise.
⑤When you get up,open the shades or blinds.Let the sun in.Open the windows.Let the fresh air in.
Passage 2
The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world and it has a long history of more than two thousand years.It walks from the east to the west in North China.It is about 6，000 kilometers long.It is called “Ten Thousand li Great Wall” by the Chinese people.
The Great Wall was about seven meters high.In many places it was wide enough for ten men to walk side by side along the top.Horses could run along the top，too.Along the Great Wall there are tall and strong watch towers （烽火台）.The Great Wall was made of stones and bricks.There were big stones on both sides and on the top.
To build such a great wall over the mountain and down the valleys was not at all easy.When you look at the Great Wall，you can’t help wondering how the Chinese working people were able to build it without any modern machines.They did all the work with hands.They lifted the earth in baskets and pulled the stones in groups with ropes.They worked in such wild places that it was difficult to give them enough clothes to wear.Thousands of people died of hard work and hunger.
Many people were driven to work on the wall far away from their homes and they never came back.
Now in some places the wall has fallen.We are trying to repair it.As an old building，the Great Wall of China is known to the whole world.Every year thousands and thousands of people come to visit it from all over the world.It is a monument （纪念碑） to the strong will and hard work of the Chinese people.
1.When was the Great Wall built? （no more than 7 words）

2.What was the Great Wall made of? （no more than 3 words）

3.How did the workers build the Great Wall? （no more than 15 words）

4.What do you think of building the Great Wall? （no more than 5 words）

5.Is the Great Wall now the same as it was built long ago? （no more than 7 words）

答案：
1.More than two thousand years ago.
2.Stones and bricks.
3.They did all the work with their hands./They lifted the earth in baskets and pulled the stones in groups with ropes.
4.It was very difficult.
5.No,it isn’t.

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes阅读表达2
阅读下面短文并回答问题(请注意题后的词数要求)。
Passage 1
[1] People are making more and more demands on the world’s natural resources.If babies born in 1991 live for eighty years，the human population of the world may be anything from twice to three times the present total by 2070.In other words，they will have to share what is left of the earth’s resources with 15 billion other people.But hopefully there will be an important decrease in the growth of population.What if this does not happen? The answer is that by the time before the babies born in 1991 reach the age of 40 they could be sharing resources with as many as 10 billion other people.
[2]Limiting the pollution of water and atmosphere，controlling the output of the chemicals that may be causing the global warming and climate change，and eating less meat may go to help，but can anyone seriously imagine that these are going to solve the problems of the “baby class” of 1991?
[3]There is no getting away from the fact that people the present state of the world，and only people can solve the problems.The decisions have to be taken by people as members of national and local governments；as leaders and decision makers in industry；as scientists and technologists；as professional engineers and designers；as religious leaders and individual citizens.
1.What can be the title of the passage? （no more than 10 words）

2.How many other people could the babies born in 1991 be sharing resources with when they reach the age of 40？（no more than 6 words）

3.Where is the short passage probably taken from？（no more than 5 words）

4.Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（no more than 3 words）

5.What does “this”（Para.1） refer to？（no more than 10 words）

答案：
1.The Problems of the “Baby Class” of 1991
2.As many as 10 billion.
3.A news report.
4.are responsible for
5.An decrease in the growth of population.
Passage 2
[1]Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“ I was a clothes addict.”He jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.”Today David wears casual clothes—khaki pants and sports shirt to the office.He hardly ever wears a necktie.“I’m working harder than ever.”David says，“and I need to feel comfortable.”
[2]More and more companies are allowing their office workers to in the United States.The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual.In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday.This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing,”said business consultant Maisly Jones.
[3]Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.“Many young people don’t want to dress up for work，”says the owner of a software company，“so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.”Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes.In a study 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee motivation.Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity.Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money.“Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，”one person said.“For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”
1.Why does David Smith wear casual clothes now?（no more than 8 words）

2.List three advantages of casual office wear according to the text?（no more than 10 words）

3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.（no more than 6 words）

4.What does it mean by a conservative dress code?（no more than 10 words）

5.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?（ no more than 18 words）

答案：
1.（Because）They make him feel comfortable/at ease when working.
2.(1）Saving employees’ money. (2）Improving employees’ motivation. (3）Making employees happy. (4）Attracting employees. (5）Making employees more productive.（写出三条即可）
3.wear casual clothes to work/work（go to work）in casual clothes（或类似表达，语法结构须正确）
4.It means that everyone should dress up for work.（或类似表达，语法结构须正确）
5.Two main reasons are given to explain why companies allow their employees to wear casual clothes when working./Why companies allow their employees to wear casual clothes when working./The reasons for employees to wear casual clothes when working.（或类似表达，根据具体情况得分）
Passage 3
Good sleep is needed for good health.During sleep，your body repairs itself.Your immune system is built up.Don’t shortchange （亏待，欺骗） yourself of the sleep you need.Here are some of an expert’s tips for getting a good night’s sleep.
1.Make sure your room is dark.Pull down the shades.Let no light of any kind in.
2.Before you go to sleep，ask your family not to turn on a light.Light breaks the sleep rhythm.Once broken，it’s hard to get the sleep clock running right.As a result，you will not sleep well.You will wake up tired.
3.A hot bath just before bed is good.It makes you relax.You are at peace.This starts the desire for sleep.
4.During the day， .Even jogging（慢跑） will show good results.How about a good long walk? This will get your body to work.You will find that toward evening you will get that nice，tired feeling.Sleep then will come easily.Added to this，exercise is good for your health.
5.Here is what to do when you get up.Open the shades or blinds.Let the sun in.Open the windows.Let the fresh air in.This sun and air get imprinted on your brain.The rhythm of being awake gets started.Your body clock is set for the day.That clock will let you know when it is the right time to go to sleep.
76.What does the underlined word “It” mean? （Please answer within 5 words）

77.What’s the main idea of the passage? （Please answer within 15 words）

78.Please fill in the blank with the proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（Please answer within 5 words）

79.Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1.
Good sleep is needed for good health.

80.How can we get a good sleep?（at least 3 suggestions） （Please answer within 30 words）
①
②
③
答案：
76.A hot bath.
77.This passage shows an expert’s tips for getting a good night’s sleep.
78.do some exercise
79.To be healthy，you need good sleep.
80.（答对三个即可）
①Make sure your room is dark.
②Before you go to sleep,ask your family not to turn on a light.
③A hot bath just before bed is good.
④During the day,do some exercise.
⑤When you get up,open the shades or blinds.Let the sun in.Open the windows.Let the fresh air in.
Passage 4
The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world and it has a long history of more than two thousand years.It walks from the east to the west in North China.It is about 6，000 kilometers long.It is called “Ten Thousand li Great Wall” by the Chinese people.
The Great Wall was about seven meters high.In many places it was wide enough for ten men to walk side by side along the top.Horses could run along the top，too.Along the Great Wall there are tall and strong watch towers （烽火台）.The Great Wall was made of stones and bricks.There were big stones on both sides and on the top.
To build such a great wall over the mountain and down the valleys was not at all easy.When you look at the Great Wall，you can’t help wondering how the Chinese working people were able to build it without any modern machines.They did all the work with hands.They lifted the earth in baskets and pulled the stones in groups with ropes.They worked in such wild places that it was difficult to give them enough clothes to wear.Thousands of people died of hard work and hunger.
Many people were driven to work on the wall far away from their homes and they never came back.
Now in some places the wall has fallen.We are trying to repair it.As an old building，the Great Wall of China is known to the whole world.Every year thousands and thousands of people come to visit it from all over the world.It is a monument （纪念碑） to the strong will and hard work of the Chinese people.
1.When was the Great Wall built? （no more than 7 words）

2.What was the Great Wall made of? （no more than 3 words）

3.How did the workers build the Great Wall? （no more than 15 words）

4.What do you think of building the Great Wall? （no more than 5 words）

5.Is the Great Wall now the same as it was built long ago? （no more than 7 words）

答案：
1.More than two thousand years ago.
2.Stones and bricks.
3.They did all the work with their hands./They lifted the earth in baskets and pulled the stones in groups with ropes.
4.It was very difficult.
5.No,it isn’t.