译林版初中英语八上Unit 1 Friends 单词语法课件（共31张PPT）

(共31张PPT)
八上Unit1知识点梳理
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
1. Can I have some more food 我能吃更多食物吗？（P6）
More: 更多，much,many的比较级形式。
数词+ more+可数名词 = another+数词+可数名词
【例句】The chairs are not enough. We need two more chairs.=We need another two chairs.
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
2. Maybe we can share it．或许我们可以分享它。（6）
◆Maybe adv．大概，或许
辨析：maybe与may be
maybe是副词，位于句首作状语，意思是“或许，大概”。
【例句】Maybe he is wrong, but I'm not sure.
may be是“情态动词+be动词”组成，用在句中作谓语，意思是“可能是”。情态动词：can/may/must/should+V.原型
【例句】He may be wrong，but I’m not sure．
◆ share sth with sb 和sb.分享sth.
例： He __ __ the small income（收入） _____ his father _____ his brother .
A. shared; with; with B. took; from; with
C. shared; from; with D. took; with; with
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
3. What makes your friend so special (7)什么使你的朋友这么特别？
make v. 做，制造; 使成为; 使产生;
【常用短语】
make sb+ n. 使某人成为
make sb+ adj使某人怎样
make sb do sth使某人做某事
【例句】
The round glasses make him funny.
What he says makes us laugh happily.
例：
1. Mr. Lee made Tom ___ his homework after school. This made Tom _____.
A. to do; sad B. do; sadly C. do; unhappy D. did; unhappy
2. We must do everything we can ____ our earth cleaner and safer.
A. made B. to making C. make D. to make
3. Mr. Brown always makes his class _____ and keeps his students _____ in class.
A. alive, interesting B. lively, interesting
C. alive, interested D. lively, interested
Live 直播;住live in NanJing
Alive 活的
Lively adj.生动活泼的
Interest n.兴趣 have ~ in sth.
Interested a. 修人 I’m ~ in sth.
Interesting a. 修物 sth. Is ~.令人感觉有趣的
Excited 修人 激动的
Exciting 修物
WatchING basketball matches is exciting.
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
4. Well, good friends should be honest. (P7)
honest ：adj. 诚实的 反义词 dishonest
前面加冠词an
honesty ：n. 诚实
例：
1.What ___ honest boy!
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. We don't like Jim, because he often tells lies. He is d________.
3. Tom has _____ honest face, and, in fact, he never tells lies or plays
tricks on others.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. We believe ____, because he is _____ honest boy.
A. the words he says; a
B. what he says; an
C. he says what; the
D. what does he says;. an
感叹句：
(1)what+a/an/-+adj./adv.+n.（+主语+谓语）!
(2)how+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!
(3)How+adj./adv.+a(an)/the+可数名词单数+主+谓！
例句：
【what】
(1)What a clever girl she is!
(2)What beautiful flowers they are!
(3)What important news it is!
【how】
(1)How kind you are！
(2)How bright the sunshine is!
(3) How interesting a book it is!
如何辨别选what还是how
看主+谓前面是名词还是形容词副词！
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
5. You can trust them because they never tell lies.(7)你可以相信他们，因为他们从来不说慌。
1）trust n/v. 信任，相信；信赖
【例句】I have no trust in you.
2)tell lies 说谎
辨析：tell, speak, say. talk
tell: 告诉，辨别； tell lies说谎；tell jokes说笑话；tell the difference 辨别不同之处 different adj.
speak:说话，演讲；speak English说英语
say: 说，讲；后面跟说话的具体内容。
talk: 谈话，讨论talk with/to sb about sth跟某人讨论某事
Trust sb. 相信sb.
Trust in sb. 信任sb.有信仰的含义
Believe sb./sth. 相信
Believe in 信任、信赖，对……有信心
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
6. polite (P7) adj. 有礼貌的，文雅的，客气的, 上流的
e. g. Jim is a very quiet and polite person. 吉姆是一个非常安静而礼貌的人。
adv. politely
反义词：impolite adj. 无礼的，粗鲁的，不客气的
例：
1. It is very _______ of you to stare at a girl‘s face. (polite) stare at sb.盯着sb.
2. Another thing (you should do) is to _______ tell them what to do next. (polite)
3. Please make clear that he should never act so _______ again. (polite)
Clear a.干净的，清楚的
Make clear that……搞清楚
impolite
politely
impolitely
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
7. Betty is one of my best friends . (P8) ……之一
one of的用法
1）one of 后接名词复数，常见题型：词汇题
e.g. one of the students
2）one of 后接形容词最高级，常见于词汇题
e.g. 黄河是世界上最长的河流之一。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
3）注意one of句型中的谓语动词要用单数形式
e.g. 他们中有一位学生来自澳大利亚。
One of the students comes from Australia.
例：
1. Amy is one of the best _________ (swim) at the school.
2. I think Shanghai is one of ________ (modern) cities in the world.
3. 我觉得中国是世界市最活跃的国家之一。
swimmers
The most modern
I think (that) China is one of the most active countries in the world.
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
8. She helps me with my homework. (P8)
1) 帮助别人做某事：help sb (to) do/help sb with
e.g. 玛丽经常帮妈妈做家务。
Mary often helps her mother( to )do housework.
Mary often helps her mother with housework.
2) can't help doing 情不自禁地做某事
e.g. 当他看到这些漂亮的烟花时，情不自禁地拍了照片。
He couldn't help taking photos when he saw the beautiful fireworks.
例：
1. She is also very helpful and is ready ______(help) people any time.
2. I would like to help people ______ (solve) problems.
3. I try my best _______(help) them.
4. ---What is he like
---He is ______. (help)
5. 当你有困难时，可以向怀特先生求助。
You can ___ Mr. White __ __ when you are _______.
to help
(to) solve
to help
Helpful helpfully
Ask; for help; in need
Be ready to do……准备好做……
Try one’s best to do……仅某人最大努力去做……
To do 动不定 表目的
Ask sb.for help向sb.求助
知识点三 Integrated skills and Task 综合技能和任务
2、----What’s she like ----She’s shy and quiet. (14)她什么样？她害羞而安静。
辨析：
What’s she like 她怎样？询问某人的性格或者长相。
What does she like 她喜欢什么？询问的是某人的爱好。
What does she look like 她看起来怎样？询问的是某人的长相。
【例题】----_________ ----He is humorous. 幽默的
A. How is he B. What does he look like C. What does he like D. What is he like
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
9. Betty has a good voice.(P8)
◆sound、voice、noise辨析
1) sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。
e.g. 光的传播比声音快得多。
Light travels much faster than sound.
2) noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。
e.g. 车辆的喧闹声让他睡不着。
The noise of traffic made him awake.
3) voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌。谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音;而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。注意：voice本身不可数，但表示几种声音时可数。
e.g. 中国好声音 Voice of China
美国之音 Voice of America
那个女孩嗓音很美 The girl has a beautiful voice
4) sound作系动词，“听起来”，后面接形容词
e.g. 这段音乐倍儿好听！
How nice the piece of music sounds!
例：
用sound, noise, voice填空：
1. Don't make any _____, children.
2. There is so much ______ in this room that I can't hear you talking.
3. They were shouting at the top of their _____.
4. This sentence ______ strange
5. I can hear the ______ of the bells outside.
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
10. He wears small, round glasses. (P8)
wear、put on、dress、in、on辨析
1) wear：“穿着，戴着”，表示“状态”；脸上挂着...表情
e.g. She is wearing a pair of glass.
She always wears a smile on her face.
2) put on:“穿上，戴上”，强调动作，后接衣服、鞋帽等
e.g. 穿上你的大衣吧，不然你会感冒的
Put on your coat or you will catch a cold.
注意：put on的反义词为“take off”，而不是“put off”
3) dress：作动词，“给...穿衣服”dress sb
“给自己穿衣服”dress oneself / get dressed
e.g. 杰克足够大了，可以给自己穿衣服了。
Jack is old enough to dress himself.
4) in+颜色，表示穿着某个颜色衣服
e.g. 穿红衣的女孩 the girl in red
5) on+某人，表示衣服穿在某人身上
e.g. 你穿这条粉色裙子，真真儿是美呆了！
You look wonderful on this pink dress.
例：
1. ---Was Kate at the party last night
---Yes, she ________ a really nice dress.
A. is wearing B. was wearing C. would wear D. has worn
2. According to the new traffic law, everyone in a car must _____ the seat belt. (穿戴）
3. ---Allen, your bedroom is in a mess. 一团糟
---Sorry, Mum. I'll ______ my things at once.
A. put on 穿上 B. put away 收拾 C. put out 敷衍，推迟 D. put up
4. You‘d better __________ your coat. It’s too hot here. 你最好做……
A. put on B. put off C. take off D. put out
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
11. I never feel bored with him.(8)跟他在一起我从来不觉得无聊。
bore v . 使厌烦
bored adj. 无聊的（用于修饰某人的心情 ，常见搭配 feel/be bored with对...感到厌倦）
boring adj. 无聊的(用于修饰某件事或者某个事情) Eating (动名词V+ING) is boring. Eat v.
Jack is old enough to dress himself.
4) in+颜色，表示穿着某个颜色衣服
e.g. 穿红衣的女孩 the girl in red
5) on+某人，表示衣服穿在某人身上
e.g. 你穿这条粉色裙子，真真儿是美呆了！
You look wonderful on this pink dress.
【例句】
His speech bored us.
I never feel bored when he is with me.
I don’t want to do the boring job.
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
12. They do not fit well under his desk. (P8)
。
fit、match、suit辨析
1) fit：大小合适
2) match：与...相配或相称 n.比赛
3) suit：花色、款式，风格等与人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称
例：
从fit、match、suit挑出合适的词
1） Try the new key and see if it the keyhole(钥匙孔)
2）Carpets should the curtains.
3） Does the coat you
4） 这条新裙子她穿着真漂亮。
This new dress suits her well .
5） 这条裤子太小，不适合你穿。
This pair of trousers are too small to fit you . too…to 太…以至于不能…… I am too tired to have classes.
知识点一 Comic - Reading重点知识梳理
【词汇集训】
1. You look ____slimmer______ (苗条的) and more fashionable in so charming a dress.
2. The charity aims to provide help to people __in need________ (需要).
3. When the boy rushed across the finishing line, his mother cheered with an ____exciting_____(兴奋的) look on her face. n.表情
4. Keep a____smlie___ (微笑) all the time, you’ll have a happier life.
5. The show I’m a singer helps audience rediscover many good ___voice________(嗓音).
6.The ___height__n._(高度) of the sculpture is ten feet. High adj.高 V.动词
7.How beautiful this picture is! I can’t ___trust______(相信) my eyes.
8.Most women have no ______sense____(感觉) of direction 方向. They often get lost.
sense of humour幽默感
9.This actor is so _____humorous_____(幽默的) that he often makes others laugh.
10. Be careful, you may ______knock_____(撞) the books off.
Music recommendation
《As long as you love me》
——后街男孩（Backstreet Boys），美国歌手组合
——Justin Bieber 《Baby》
知识点二 Grammar
情况 构成方式 原级 比较级 最高级
一般情况 加-er或-est new long newer longer newest
longest
以e 结尾的词 加-r或-st fine late finer later finest
latest
以“辅音+y” 结尾的词 变y为i再加-er或-est early happy earlier happier earliest
happiest
重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot thin fat hotter thinner fatter hottest
thinnest
fattest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在其前面加more或 most useful
more useful most useful
1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法
大多数形容词有三个等级：①原级，即原形：②比较级．表示“较……”或“更……一些”的意思；③最高级，表示“最……”的意思。
◆形容词比较级和最高级的构成方法：
元音：a,e,i,o,u
辅音：除了5个元音，其他都是辅音
大部分以辅元辅结尾的单词，变形都要双写
在初中阶段，需要双写末尾字母的单词有：hot,big, fat,slim, thin,sad ,swim,wet
My book is more useful than your book.
Your book is less useful than^
知识点二 Grammar
原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
good（好的）adj well（健康的）adv better
best
bad（坏的） ill（有病的） worse worst
Much 不可数／many 可数（多的） more most
little（少的） less least
far（远的） farther/ further farthest / furthest
不规则变化
我比你有更多花：
I have more flowers than you.
You have less flowers than me.
知识点二 Grammar
写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. nice ___+r;+st______ 2. fat _fatter;test________ 3. slow __+er/est_______ 4. dry __+ier/iest_______
5. happy _+ier/iest________ 6. wet ___tter/ttest___ 7. much __more_______ 8. ill_________
9. little ___less/least_____ 10. bad __worse/worst_______11. thin _ner/nest________12. far __ther/further_______
13. early __ier/iest_______ 14. careful_more/most__ 15. exciting_more/most______16.well___better/best___
17. green_er/est________ 18. few__less/least______ 19.busy___ier/iest____
知识点二 Grammar
2. 形容词副词比较级的用法
1）形容词比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、.动词、动词不定式.ing结构和ed结构。
如：Our teacher is taller than us. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
◆than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。
如：It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
The clothes in this shop are more expensive than those in that shop.
这家店里的衣服比那家店（里的衣服）贵。
Judy’s hair is longer than Lilys’. 朱迪的头发比莉莉（的）长。
’s 和s’ Judy’s hair=Judys’
S’表示名词所有格，意思是：某人的某物，而’s意思是：某人的
知识点二 Grammar
2. 形容词副词比较级的用法
2）形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不" 。
如：important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要
This room is less beautiful than that one.
That room is more beautiful than that one.
That room is most beautiful than all room.
3）一方随另一方的程度而变化时用the+比较级…the+比较级…。表示“越... 就越...”。
如：The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。
　　 The more, the better. 越多越好。
The harder he works, the happier he feels. 工作越努力，感觉越充实。
The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
知识点二 Grammar
2. 形容词副词比较级的用法
4）本身程度发生改变时用"形容词比较级 + and + 同一个形容词比较级"。表示 " 越来越... "。
如：It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。The cat becomes bigger and bigger.
The girl becomes more and more beautiful.那姑娘长得越来越漂亮了
5）比较级前可用a little, a bit, a lot, far, much, even等词语表示超过另一方的程度。
如：This book is far more expensive 昂贵的 than that one.
6）表示一方比另一方更…多少时，可以在比较级前加名词。
如：My brother is two years older than me.
7）当两者比较，只出现一方，且句中含有of the two时，比较级前要加the,表示特指两者当中较。。。的一个。
如：He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的一个。
如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
8）表示倍数：…times（倍数）+形容词比较级+than…
　 如：我们的房间比他们的大二倍。
Our room is twice（两倍） larger than theirs=(their room).
　 如：长江比你们城市的河长十倍。
The Yangtze River _is ten times longer than______the river in your city.
人称代词的名词所有格：my sth.=mine
Your sth. =yours
Our sth. =ours
Their sth. =theirs
知识点二 Grammar
2. 形容词副词比较级的用法
“比较级+ than any other +单数名词”表示“比其他的任何……都……” （同范围）
= “比较级+ than the other +复数名词”表示“比其他的所有……都……” （同范围）
　　（这个句型是用比较级形式表达最高级的意思。
他在班里，比任何一个别的学生都好。
　He is better than any other student in the class.
= He is better than the other students in the class.
10）最高级的用法
◆one of the +最高级，表示“是最……之一者”
　　上海是中国最美丽的城市之—。
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
注意：one of the +最高级，后面要加上名词的复数，即为”one of the +最高级+复数名词”
◆most+复数名词、most of the+复数名词）或most of，表示“大多数，大部分的……”
　　他的大部分书是在这儿写的。
Most of his books were written here.
◆序数词加形容词最高级
序数词加形容词最高级表“第几最…”黄河是中国第二长河。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
知识点二 Grammar
【例题精讲】
例1.Which is (long), a pencil or a ruler
答案：longer
例2. we get together, we’ll be.
A. The more, the happier B. The much, the happy
C. The happier, the happier D. The more, the happiest
答案：A
例3: I ’ m his best friend. I know him well-----probably adv.可能 ________ than anyone else其他的.
A. less B. wider 更宽 C. better D. deeper 更深
答案：C
例4：--- Is Linda's home ________away from school than Millie's
--- Yes, it is. Linda lives two miles away but Millie lives nearby.
A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest
答案:A I want to go further in my career 职业.
farther 指距离上的远
further指更深层次，更进一步，抽象的远
知识点三 Inte/gra/ted skills and Task 综合技能和任务
1、I would like to be a social worker when I grow up.我长大后想当一名社会工作者。
1）would like的用法
would like的意思是“想；想要”，相当于want，但语气比want委婉，常用于以下三种结构：
would like sth.想要某物，相当于want sth.。
I would like a pair of shoes. = I want a pair of shoes.我想要双鞋。
would like to do sth.想要做某事，相当于want to do sth.。
I would like to buy a CD. = I want to buy a CD.我想买张光盘。
would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事，相当于want sb. to do sth.。
　　I would like you to help me with my English. =I want you to help me with my English.
我想要你帮我学英语。:
用所给单词的适当形式填空
①I would like you ________ (meet)a friend of mine(=my friends).
②We would like ________ (visit) that museum.
To meet
To visit
知识点三 Integrated skills and Task 综合技能和任务
1、I would like to be a social worker when I grow up.我长大后想当一名社会工作者。
2）social worker社会工作者
social adj. 社会的，社交的，群居的
society n. 社会,社团
例：
1.It is a _____(society) work to take good care of the elderly.
2.In today今天’s_______(social),male and female have the equal rights to work. 男性和女性有工作的平等的权力。
V.以er结尾 指人
Eg.teach V.-teacher
Keep V.-keeper 保管者
知识点三 Integrated skills and Task 综合技能和任务
3. Kate is both my neighbo(u)r邻居 and my best friend.（P17）
both, either, neither,none的区别和用法
使用范围:两者——三者及三者以上用all
both (两者都；谓语动词-复数)
either(两者中任意一个；谓语动词-单数)
neither (两者中任意一个都不；谓语动词-单数)　
none(三者及三者以上都不，谓语动词-复数) none of … …什么都没有。
All(三者及三者以上，肯定)
None of these girls are good students.
e.g. 两个男孩都不聪明
Neither of the two students is clever.　。
　 两个男孩都很聪明。
Both the students are clever.　
　 两个男孩中有一个很聪明。
Either of the two students is clever.
知识点三 Integrated skills and Task 综合技能和任务
3. Kate is both my neighbor and my best friend.（P17）
例：
1) There are flowers on either _____ (side边 corner角落) of the bank.
2) Which would you like better for breakfast Bread or cake
Oh, I like ____. I just want some noodles.
A. both B. neither C. either D. all
3) ---Wow! You've got so many clothes.
---But ____ of them are in fashion now.
A. all B. both C. neither D. none
4) ---Excuse me, how can I get to Nanshan Mountain
---Oh, ____ of these two buses will take you there. You must go and take No.3 bus.
A. neither B. all C. none D. both
side
B
D
A
知识点三 Integrated skills and Task 综合技能和任务
3. Kate is both my neighbor and my best friend.（P17）
【探究】both...and意为“既......又......”,连接并列结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
【例题】______ Tom_____Peter are fond of watching TV.
A. Not only; but also B. Both; and C. Either; or D. Neither; nor
知识点三 Integrated skills and Task 综合技能和任务
【词汇集训】
A．根据首字母,音标及或中文提示写出单词。
1. Jim always helps others, so I think he is a h________ boy.
2. When I feel b____ or unhappy, he talks to me and tells me funny jokes.
3. That girl looks________（真的）pretty and kind.
4. Climbing hills is________（健康的）than watching TV.
5. Wish you a ________（令人愉快的）trip home!
6. Linda is suck a (耐心的) person that the never gets angry easily. (2013无锡)
7.My brother wants to be a ['s u l] worker when he grows up.
8.Our English teacher has two big ['sma l ] eyes.
9.Hui Ruoqi is an ___________(优秀的) volleyball player.
Music recommendation
《As long as you love me》
——后街男孩（Backstreet Boys），美国歌手组合
——Justin Bieber 《Baby》