译林版（2020） 选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 Food Matters Reading Language points 课件（29张）

(共29张PPT)
1. Our curiosity about outer space has remained unshakeable.
我们对太空的好奇心一直以来从未动摇。
unshakeable adj. (of a feeling or an attitude) that cannot be changed or destroyed 不可动摇的
e.g. The young man’s decision to become a lawyer is unshakeable.
Thirty years have passed, but the friendship between them has remained unshakeable.
构词法：
动词shake + -able 构成 shakeable (adj.) [后缀常改变词性]
shakeable + un- 构成 unshakeable (adj.) [前缀常改变意思]
类似方式构成的词有：
unanswerable, unbelievable, unchangeable, unimaginable, unstoppable, unthinkable 等
2. So, if we want to find exciting new life forms as well as undiscovered and unusual geological formations, the ocean is where we should also be looking.
if引导条件状语从句
主句中含有一个由where引导的表语从句
句意：因此，如果我们想找到令人激动的新生物以及未被发现的、不同寻常的地质构造，海洋也是我们应该去寻找的地方。
3. The first 200 metres of our dive takes us through what can be called the open ocean, where most visible light exists.
我们下潜的头200米带我们穿过所谓的透光区，这里有大部分可见光。
本句有一个where引导的非限制性定语从句。关系副词when, where也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.
I’m off to the Theme Park, where I have to give a lecture.
There are another two sentences in Para. 2 and Para. 3, in which “where” is used to introduce non-defining/restrictive attributive clauses. Please find them.
Sinking below 200 metres, we enter the twilight zone, where there is little sunlight and thus almost no plant life.
Once past 1,000 metres, we have reached the deep ocean, where there is no light and temperatures drop just above freezing.
4. Also living in the twilight zone are hunters with telescopic, upward-pointing eyes that can easily spot a meal in the waters above.
that引导的限制性定语从句
倒装结构
Normal word order: Hunters with telescopic, upward-pointing eyes … in the waters above are also living in the twilight zone.
句意: 同样生活在暮光区的还有双眼凸起向上的猎食者，它们能轻易地发现上层水域中的食物。
5. Consequently, the fish most likely to be eaten have evolved to have thin bodies so that they are less easily seen from below.
so that 引导结果状语从句
句意: 结果，最有可能被吃掉的鱼已经进化成细长的身体，所以从下面不太容易看见它们。
evolve v. 1) to change gradually over a long period of time 进化; 进化形成
2) to develop and change gradually over a long period of time 逐步发展; 逐渐演变
e.g. Fish evolved from prehistoric sea creatures.
鱼是由史前的海洋生物进化而来的。
The school has evolved its own style of teaching.
该校逐步形成了自己的教学风格。
【语境应用】根据句意，填入恰当的介词。
Popular music evolved ___________ folk songs.
The company has evolved over the years __________ a multi-million dollar organization.
from
into
6. However, once they are captured, the hunters’ backward-curving teeth prevent them from getting away.
然而，一旦它们被捕获，猎食者向后弯曲的牙齿让它们无法逃脱。
capture v. 1) to catch an animal after chasing or following it 捕获
2) to catch a person and keep them as a prisoner 俘虏，逮捕
e.g. Government troops have succeeded in capturing the rebel leader.
3) to get control of a place or object that previously belonged to an enemy, during a war 攻取; 夺取
e.g. The Dutch fleet captured two English ships.
4) to succeed in recording, showing, or describing a situation or feeling, using words or pictures (用文字或图片)记录下，描述，捕捉
e.g. These photographs capture the essence of working-class life at the turn of the century.
【语境应用】完成句子。
The tiger _________________ (终于被捕获) two miles outside the village.
His stories of foreign adventure ________________________ (引起了我的想象).
At last, he __________________ (赢得了她的心), and they decided to marry.
was finally captured
captured my imagination
captured her heart
7. Evolution, it seems, helps both the hunter and the hunted in equal measure!
进化似乎在同等程度上帮助了猎人和猎物！
in equal measure: to an equal extent or degree 在同等程度上
e.g. The careless driver and the drunken pedestrian (行人) were in equal measure to blame for the traffic accident.
Our thanks are due in equal measure to every member of the football team.
in large measure / in some measure 在很大/某种程度上
in full measure 全部地
for good measure 再增加，外加
beyond measure 非常大; 非常多; 极其
【语境应用】根据提示，完成句子。
1) The improvements are due _____________________ (在很大程度上) to his leadership.
2) 你为什么不另外再打个电话给他们试试呢？
Why don’t you try phoning them one more time, __________________
3) 他们以同样的热情回报了我们。
They returned our hospitality ______________________.
in large measure
for good measure
in equal measure
8. Also, some fish have both male and female organs to increase the chances of reproduction, as fish are so scarce at these depths that it can be difficult for them to find a mate.
as引导原因状语从句
so…that引导结果状语从句
句意：此外，一些鱼类同时拥有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的可能性，因为在这样的深度，鱼如此稀少，以至于找配偶对它们来说很难。
9. On reaching the ocean floor, we may see shrimps and other organism around hydrothermal vents.
一到达海底，我们就可能在热液喷口周围看到虾和其他生物。
on doing sth 一……就……
on doing that… 一……就……
e.g. What was your reaction on seeing him
On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays.
10. As you can see, the world beneath the surface of the ocean is indeed an amazing place.
as引导非限制性定语从句
as 引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个主句的内容，可放在主句之前、之后或中间，意为“正如；像”
e.g. He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.
Tom, as might be expected, was attending the conference.
as we all know 总所周知
as often happens 正如经常发生的那样
as we expect 正如我们预料的那样
as you can see 如你所见
as has been said above 如上所述
as is often the case 这是常有的事
as引导非限制性定语从句常见于如下结构中：
11. With so much of the oceans left to explore, who knows what wonders still await us in the future
海洋还剩下这么多的地方要被探索，谁知道未来还有什么奇迹等着我们呢？
await vt. 1) to be going to happen in the future 将发生在，将降临到(某人身上)
2) to wait for something 等待; 等候
e.g. A warm reception awaited me on my first day at work.
He’s anxiously awaiting his test results.
The passage below is about China’s efforts to explore the deep ocean. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrase in the box below.
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
The world’s vast oceans, now well accepted as the Earth’s “final frontier”, ___________________ the hearts of scientists and explores. While most of the Earth’s land mass has been explored and mapped, around 80% of the oceans remain to be explored and great discoveries ________________ us. Therefore, many countries have spared no effort in deep-sea exploration.
capture/have captured
await
spare on effort in sth 在某方面不遗余力
spare on effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
Leading the way is China, one of the few countries that have developed the ability to send humans to the deepest parts of our oceans.
In June 2012, China’s first deep-sea manned submersible, Jiaolong, set a world ______________ record for submersibles of its kind, by reaching a depth of 7,062 metres in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.
diving
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
In 2017, China successfully tested Shenhai Yongshi, a submersible capable of reaching a depth of 4,500 metres. Later it conducted hundreds of dives in different oceans, exploring what lay deep _______________ the water. With all of its core components produced ________________ by China, it has paved the way for deeper and broader undersea exploration in the future.
beneath
solely
pave the way for sth 为某事铺平道路
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
The year 2020 witnessed another significant milestone in China’s ________________ technology, when the deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe completed eight successful dives of more than 10,000 metres in the Mariana Trench.
marine
beneath capture obtain await
solely dive marine in equal measure
These breakthroughs have demonstrated China’s determination to explore the deep sea and its underwater research potential _______________. Travelling down to extreme depths not only allows us to _______________ new insights into the ocean, but it also opens up exciting opportunities that will eventually benefit the world above.
in equal measure
obtain
Now answer the questions according to the passage.
1. Why are the world’s vast oceans considered to be the Earth’s “final frontier”
Because around 80% of the oceans around the world remain to be explored by human beings.
2. What progress has China made in deep-sea exploration
In June 2012, Jiaolong set a world diving record by reaching a depth of 7,062 metres in the Mariana Trench. In 2017, China successfully tested Shenhai Yongshi, a submersible capable of reaching a depth of 4,500 metres. In 2020, Fendouzhe, the deep-sea manned submersible, completed eight successful dives of more than 10,000 metres in the Mariana Trench.