(共28张PPT)
lie flat
rat race/ involution
This is a school where you couldn’lie flat
Brief introduction
I am a lazy boy who likes lying in bed.
You are a student whose phone isn't allowed to use in the school.
You are a smart student whom I will love.
【理论回顾】
一、定语
1. 定语：修饰、限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。主要由______________充当定语，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、现在分词（短语）、过去分词（短语）、定语从句等都可以作定语。 汉语中常译为“……的”。例如：
country music 乡村音乐 woman teacher 女教师
my bike 我的自行车
three books 三本书
This is a flower in the garden. 这是一朵花园里的花。
the third country to send a man into space 第三个把人送上太空的国家
the girl standing under the tree站在树下的女孩
abandoned farm被废弃的农场 ....meals cooked by experts专家做的饭菜
This is the flower which you gave to me. 这是你给我的花。
形容词
关系词：引导定语从句的词。它
有三个作用
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
在全句中作
定语的从句
定
语
从
句
概念
引导定语从句
代表先行词
在从句中作句子成分
知识网络
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 典句例示
who 人 主语、宾语 Is he the man who wants to see you？
whom 人 宾语 He is the man whom I saw yesterday.
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 A plane is a machine that can fly.
which 物 主语、宾语 The book which you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.
whose 人或物 定语 Do you know the boy whose father is an engineer？
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 典句例示
when 表示时间的词或短语 状语 I can't remember the day when he went abroad.
where 表示地点的词或短语 Beijing is the place where I was born.
why reason I don't know the reason why he was late.
定语从句解题步骤:
1.根据定义，确定是否是定语从句
关键是第3步。即找准从句缺什么成分，需要用哪个关系词去补。
2.确定_______(指人、指物、指时间地点等)；
3.将________代入到从句当中，判断其在从句中的成分，然后选用合适的关系词来替代先行词，在从句中充当相应的成分。
先行词
先行词
二、夯实基础
1.The girl __________is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.
2. The girl __________our teacher is talking with is a famous singer.
3. The girl________ mother is a teacher can speak English very well.
4. I can’t find the book __________is borrowed from the library.
5. I can’t find the book __________you lent to me.
6. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
who/ that
whom/ that/ who/ 省略
whose
which/ that
which/ that/ 省略
which/ that/ 省略
7. The man __________ lives next to us is my English teacher.
8. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
9. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
11. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
13. October 1,1949 is the day __________ we’ll never forget.
who/ that
that
that
that
who
which/ that
14. The days are gone _______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
15. The USA is a country ______ many different dialects are spoken.
16. The reason __________ he explained at the meeting sounds reasonable.
17. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
18. I saw a house, the windows of ______ were broken.
19. She has two sons, both of _____ graduated from Harvard University.
when
where
which/ that
where
which
whom
20. — Do you have anything to say for yourself
— Yes. There is one point _________ I must insist on.
21. — What do you think of teaching, Bob
— It is a job ____________ you are doing something serious but interesting.
22. It was in the village ______ he once lived that he got his junior education.
23. We have entered into an age _____ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
which/ that
where
where
when
24. Finally, teachers can choose to assign students group projects, _______ they will team up with each other, discuss the problems together and make learning more fun.
25.In places such as Hong Kong…the English phrase often replaces the Chinese characters, and this is the reason _____ the phrase has been added to the dictionary.
where
why
总结：先行词指物，用that不能用which的情况
1)当先行词为_________时，如：everything, anything, nothing, something, all, much, few, any, little ；
2)先行词被_______, ______, ______修饰时
3)先行词为_______、_______最高级或被被这些词修饰时；
4) 关系代词在从句中作______时；
5)先行词既有_____，又有____时；
不定代词
the only the very the last
序数词
形容词
表语
人
物
1) Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside
2) These articles are the very ones that should be read.
3) This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
4) He is not the man (that) he used to be.
5)They talked of things and persons (that) they remembered.
考点1: 先行词指物，用that不能用which的情况
考点2: 只用which不用that的情况：
①. 在非限制性定语从句中。
Mary has a book, which is very precious.
②. 在介词之后。
This is the city in which I was born.
This is the train by which we went to Beijing.
Oxygen is a kind of gas without which we can't live.
考点3: “介词+关系代词” 引导定语从句
1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.
2. This is the city in which I was born.
3. Oxygen is a kind of gas without which we can't live.
介词如何选择？
一、根据先行词
二、根据从句谓语动词
三、根据句意
一先二动三意义
语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷) I decided that if I learned of a company ___________ used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an email urging it to cut back.
that/which
真题回顾
引导定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词为company，故
填that或which。
2. (2020全国Ⅰ卷) Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put
a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
where
先行词为spot，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
3. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
4. (2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ____________ opened in 1759.
whose
指这位画家的画作，先行词为artist，引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，故填whose。
which/that
先行词为the British Museum，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that。
5. (2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷) The Digital World is a set of
volumes ___________ aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature
of digital systems and their many interacting parts.
that/which
先行词为volumes，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词
that或which。
6. (2019全国Ⅰ卷) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5
pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _______ she opened with her late husband Les.
7. (2019全国Ⅲ卷) They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
which
引导非限制性定语从句, 在从句中作opened的宾语，先行词为
the pet shop，故用which。
that/who
引导定语从句, 从句中缺主语, 先行词为masters，故填that/who。
8. (2017全国Ⅰ卷) Having enough fat and salt in your
meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between
meals and will improve the taste of your food… Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _____
is not good for the health.
which
非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，即
“脂肪和盐两者都可能吃得太多”，这对健康不利。在
从句中作主语，用which。
9. (2017全国Ⅲ卷) But Sarah, _____ has taken part in
shows along with top models, wants to prove that she
has brains as well as beauty.
who
非限制性定语从句，补充说明Sarah；先行词Sarah是
人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导。
10. (2016全国Ⅰ卷) But my connection with pandas goes
back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _______
I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a
special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in
the wild.
when
非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the mid-1980s，并在从句
中作时间状语，故用when。
1. 要去露营的人请在大门口集合。
2. 失去健康的人就失去了一切。
写作运用
Those who are going camping please gather at the gate.
He who loses health loses all.
名师指津
3. 他的班上有五十个学生，其中大多数是男孩。
4. 不出所料, 他轻而易举地通过了考试。
5. 我们队赢了这场比赛，这使得我们非常高兴。
There are fifty students in his class, most of whom are boys.
As was expected, he passed the exam easily.
Our team won the game, which made us very happy.
名师指津
