比较你与朋友的异同
写作任务 (Section B 3c)
本周日，你们学校的英语角准备举办一场活动，活动的主题是“My friends”，要求介绍你的两位朋友（一位与你相似，一位与你不同），你对此活动很感兴趣，请你写一篇短文为此活动做准备。
●【审清题目】
内容：介绍你的两位朋友与你的异同。
文体：说明文。
时态：描写人物现在的情况，用一般现在时。
人称：描述朋友与我的共同点，用第一人称复数代词we；描写与朋友的不同点，用第一、三人称。
●【头脑风暴】
●【提供素材】
◆单词&短语
根据汉语提示，写出对应的英文表达。
1.外貌：tall, short, thin, heavy, strong, good-looking, handsome, beautiful, (1)_______________(中等身高), short straight hair, long curly hair, big eyes, a small nose, (2)_______________(圆脸)
2. 性格：(3)_______________(外向的), shy, quiet, funny, (4)_______________(严肃的), smart, clever, friendly, kind (友好的), honest (诚实的), brave (勇敢的), independent (独立的)
3. 爱好：swimming, running, fishing, cooking, reading books, playing basketball / football / tennis / volleyball ..., writing, dancing, singing, (5)_______________(下国际象棋), playing the piano / violin ..., (6)_______________(听音乐), watching films
4. 其他方面(如学习)：(7)_______________(工作努力的), lazy, careful, careless (粗心的)
Key: 1. of medium height 2. a round face 3. outgoing
4. serious 5. playing chess 6. listening to music
7. hard-working
◆句型
1. We are similar to each other in many ways.
2. Both of us like / We both like ...
3. We are different from each other in ...
4. She / He is more / less ... than me.
5. She / He likes to do the same things as me.
6. She / He likes ..., but I don't like ...
7. I'm as ... as ...
8. She / He is good at / interested in / talented in ..., but I'm not.
◆谚语
Better without gold than without friends.
(宁可没有金钱，不可没有朋友。)
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Good friends are like stars. You don't always see them, but you know they're always there.
A good friend is like a mirror.
Friends are like books — you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
True friends say good things behind your back and bad things to your face.
●【谋篇布局】
Key: 1. Both of us are tall and thin / We are both tall and thin
2. we both enjoy / like playing basketball
3. He isn't as / so tall as me / He is shorter than me
4. he is more outgoing than me
5. he studies more carefully than me
●【小试身手】
同学们，请参考【头脑风暴】和【提供素材】中的内容，比较你与好友之间的异同，把你的一位好友介绍给大家。
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_____________________________________________________________________描写人物的外貌与五官
外貌 Physical Appearance
在描写人时, 通常会描写其外貌特征, 如: 年龄, 身材, 体形, 头发(长短, 颜色,发型), 脸型, 肤色, 眼睛, 衣着, 表情, 情趣, 爱好, 个性等, 但不必面面提到,一般要抓住某人比较明显的特征来描述。在描写人的外貌时, 用一般现在时。
描述身材常用的形容词有:
tall, small, short, of medium height …
描述体型的有:
fat, thin, slim, big, small, of medium build, strong等。
描述相貌的有:
beautiful, pretty, good-looking, charming, sweet, handsome, funny, ugly, peculiar, rough, ill-looking
体格（build）:
fat 肥胖的; thin 瘦的; slim 苗条的; overweight 超重; slight 瘦小的; well-built身材魁梧
身高 （height）
medium height 中等身材;
average height 一般身材;
below average 低于平均身高;
tall 高的; short 矮的; tallish 有些高的;
middle-sized 身高中等的;
of medium height 中等身材;
1.78 meters 身高1.78米。
在用英语描写面部容貌的时候，可以从脸型、头发、五官入手。
脸型（face）:
round 圆的; thin 瘦的; long 长的; square 方的。
A. She eats too much these days, so her face is getting round.
她最近吃得太多了，所以她的脸变圆了。
头发（hair）:
(1) 发型（hair style）:
straight 直的; curly 卷发的; pigtails 辫子; crew cut 平头; bald秃头的。
A. Her hair is brown and curly.
她有着一头棕色而卷曲的头发。
(2) 发色(hair color):
jet-black 乌黑的; fair 金色的; blonde 淡黄色的; golden 金黄色的; dyed 染色的; brunette 浅黑色的; mousey 灰褐色的; chestnut 栗色的.
五官:
(1) 眼睛（eye）:
deep-set 深陷的; sunken 凹陷的; bulging/protruding 凸出的; eyelashes 睫毛; eyebrows 眉毛.
A. His eyes are deep-set because he has worked till midnight for a long time.
他的眼睛深陷，因为他这段时间经常工作到深夜。
B. He had the most beautiful blue eyes I had ever seen.
她有一双我从未见过的漂亮蓝眼睛。
(2) 鼻子(nose):
long 长的; straight 挺直的; big 大的; small 小的; flat 扁平的; hooked 钩状的.
A. He was born a hooked nose.
他天生是鹰钩鼻。
B. His nose is very big, so he doesn't like it.
他的鼻子很大，所以他不喜欢它。
(3) 嘴部(mouth):
tooth 牙齿; even 整齐的; uneven 不整齐的; chin下巴。
A. When he laughs, we see his even teeth.
当他笑的时候，我们看见他有一口整齐的牙齿。
B. She has a double chin.
她有双下巴。形容词、副词的原级和比较级
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。本单元我们主要学习形容词、副词的原级和比较级的构成及其用法。
◆ 原级
形容词、副词的原级即原形。
1. 原级可用于句型“主语+ be / 行为动词+ as + 形容词 / 副词原形+ as +比较对象.”，该句型表示两者在某一方面相同。当表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，常用句型“主语+ be + not + as / so + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象.”或“主语+ don't / doesn't / didn't + 行为动词原形+ as / so +副词原形+ as +比较对象.”。如：
This dress is as beautiful as that one.
Linda sings as well as Amy.
Tom isn't as / so tall as me.
I don't sing as / so loudly as my sister.
2. 原级前可用very，quite，too等副词修饰。如：
I'm very hungry.
My sister runs quite fast.
It's too hot here.
◆ 比较级
构成
形容词和副词的比较级的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化两种，具体构成见课本P114。
用法
1. (1) 当两者(人或事物)之间进行比较，其中一方“较……”或“更……一些”时常用比较级，常用句型“主语+ be / 行为动词+形容词 / 副词比较级+than+比较对象.”。当than后为人称代词时，可用其主格形式或宾格形式。如：
Mark is more handsome than Dan.
David jumps higher than I / me.
(2) 当询问两者中“谁更 / 哪一个更 / 什么更……”时，常用句型“Who / Which / What+ be + 形容词比较级, A or B ”或“Who / Which / What +行为动词 + 副词比较级, A or B ”。如：
Who is younger, you or Anna
Which sells better, the red jacket or the blue jacket
2. 形容词和副词的比较级可以单独使用。如:
Be more careful next time.
I saw the film a few days earlier.
3. 形容词和副词的比较级前可以用much，a lot， a little等词语修饰。如：
My house is much bigger than Tony's.
She's feeling a lot better today.
Tom, walk a little more quickly.
【温馨提示】
与more递增、提升比较的等级相反，英语用less来减弱、削减比较的等级。这时less并不是little的比较级形式，而是独立地用作一个副词，意为“不那么……”。如：
This movie is less interesting than that one.
【即学即练】
Ⅰ. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级形式
1. high __________
2. late __________
3. thin __________
4. easy __________
5. bad __________
6. interesting __________
7. loudly __________
8. well __________
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. —Who is the _______ runner, Mike or Sam
—Mike is. He is good at running.
A. faster B. slower C. weaker
2. —Tom, how are you feeling today
—Much _______. I don't think I can go to school tomorrow.
A. better B. worse C. healthier D. happier
3. Of the two math problems, I can just work out _______ one.
A. the less difficult B. more difficult
C. the more difficult D. less difficult
4. —Let's go to another restaurant instead.
—It's not necessary. The food here is _______ than before.
A. delicious B. less delicious
C. much delicious D. more delicious
5. —Are things in this supermarket expensive
—No. You can buy things _______ here than any other supermarket in our city.
A. quickly B. more quickly
C. cheaply D. more cheaply
★Word Bank★
weak 弱的 work out 算出 instead 代替
Ⅲ. 改为同义句
1. Susan's hair is shorter than mine.
My hair is _______ _______ Susan's.
2. I think English is more difficult than math.
I don't think math is _______ _______ _______ English.
3. Molly has less money than Cindy.
Cindy has _______ _______ than Molly.
4. Sally is the same age as Kate.
Sally is _______ _______ _______ Kate.
5. Jack runs faster than Greg.
Greg runs _______ _______ than Jack.
答案
Ⅰ. 1. higher 2. later 3. thinner 4. easier
5. worse 6. more interesting 7. more loudly 8. better
Ⅱ. 1-5 ABADD
Ⅲ. 1. longer than
2. as / so difficult as 或 more difficult than
3. more money
4. as old as
5. more slowly
