Unit 1 Teenage Life
Part Four - Discovering Useful Structures
—短语
思维导图
句子结构
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
名词短语(NP)：名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。
指出下列句子中画线名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
These ideas may seem strange to you. 主语
We love our great motherland very much. 宾语
The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. 表语
Those beautiful flowers come from Yun’nan. 主语
We elected him monitor of our class. 宾语补足语
【自主发现】
名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
名词短语由“(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)”组成。
限定词包括冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this that, these, those等)、物主代词(my, your, his, her, our, their等)和不定代词(some, no, neither, both等)。
【巩固内化】指出划线部分所作的成分
① He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games. 宾语
②The tall building was built last year. 主语
③This is a very interesting book. 表语
④We made him capital of our team. 宾语补足语
形容词短语 (AdjP)：形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。
【合作探究】 指出下列句子中画线形容词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
The air today is nice and clean. 表语
She is a girl lively and lovely. 定语
He found the film very interesting. 宾语补足语
【自主发现】
形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作定语，还可用作表语或者宾语补足语等。
形容词短语由“(副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语)”组成。
【巩固内化】指出划线部分所作的成分
① This is a subject worthy of careful study. 定语
② Our English teacher is very nice and patient. 表语
③ I found it very hard to get along with foreigners. 宾语补足语
3. 副词短语 (AdvP)：副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。
【合作探究】指出下列句子中画线副词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
He ran very quickly yesterday. 修饰动词作状语
I am much too pleased to see you. 修饰形容词作状语
She plays well enough as a beginner. 修饰动词作状语
He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修饰副词作状语
【自主发现】
副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，作状语等。
副词短语由“(副词)＋副词”组成。
[名师提醒]副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
【巩固内化】补全句子
①His wife often warns him not to drive ________________.他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。too fast
②Don’t worry.My mother will look after your baby _____________.不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。very carefully
③I play ping-pong __________, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。very well
Exercises
指出下列句中画线部分是NP, AdjP还是AdvP
To live an enjoyable and meaningful life, let’s read more good books! NP
As long as there is kindness and virtue, the world will become more beautiful. AdjP
Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same as she had always been. NP
I’m more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese. AdjP
A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor. NP
Only in this way can we live more happily. AdvP
指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分
I can read well enough without glasses. 状语
I thought Susan nice and friendly the first time I met her. 宾语补足语
No words are strong enough to express our thanks for your help. 表语；宾语
My favorite hobbies are reading books and newspapers. 主语
Let’s do sports together and enjoy a healthy life! 宾语
Many students took part in the English competition last week. 主语
Part Five - Listening and Talking
Words and Phrases
make a fire 生火 in the wild 在野外 wildlife un. 野生动物
give/make a speech 发表演讲 online adj. 在线的 adv. 在线 organisation un.结构
feature cn. 特色，特征 language feature 语言特征 comma cn. 逗号
stop = full stop cn. 句号
put up 张贴，增加，提高，建造，搭建，竖立，举起，留某人住在家中，投宿Unit 1 Teenage Life
Part Four - Discovering Useful Structures
—短语
思维导图
句子结构
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
名词短语(NP)：名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。
指出下列句子中画线名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
These ideas may seem strange to you.
We love our great motherland very much.
The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.
Those beautiful flowers come from Yun’nan.
We elected him monitor of our class.
【自主发现】
名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
名词短语由“(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)”组成。
限定词包括冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this that, these, those等)、物主代词(my, your, his, her, our, their等)和不定代词(some, no, neither, both等)。
【巩固内化】指出划线部分所作的成分
① He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.
②The tall building was built last year.
③This is a very interesting book.
④We made him capital of our team.
形容词短语 (AdjP)：形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。
【合作探究】 指出下列句子中画线形容词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
The air today is nice and clean.
She is a girl lively and lovely.
He found the film very interesting.
【自主发现】
形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作定语，还可用作表语或者宾语补足语等。
形容词短语由“(副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语)”组成。
【巩固内化】指出划线部分所作的成分
① This is a subject worthy of careful study.
② Our English teacher is very nice and patient.
③ I found it very hard to get along with foreigners.
3. 副词短语 (AdvP)：副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。
【合作探究】指出下列句子中画线副词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
He ran very quickly yesterday.修饰动词作状语
I am much too pleased to see you.修饰形容词作状语
She plays well enough as a beginner.修饰动词作状语
He worked much more carefully on the new design.修饰副词作状语
【自主发现】
副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，作状语等。
副词短语由“(副词)＋副词”组成。
[名师提醒]副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
【巩固内化】补全句子
①His wife often warns him not to drive ________________.他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。
②Don’t worry.My mother will look after your baby _____________.不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。
③I play ping-pong __________, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。
Exercises
指出下列句中画线部分是NP, AdjP还是AdvP
To live an enjoyable and meaningful life, let’s read more good books!
As long as there is kindness and virtue, the world will become more beautiful.
Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same as she had always been.
I’m more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese.
A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor.
Only in this way can we live more happily.
指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分
I can read well enough without glasses.状语
I thought Susan nice and friendly the first time I met her.
No words are strong enough to express our thanks for your help.
My favorite hobbies are reading books and newspapers.
Let’s do sports together and enjoy a healthy life!
Many students took part in the English competition last week.
Part Five - Listening and Talking
Words and Phrases
make a fire 生火 in the wild 在野外 wildlife un. 野生动物
give/make a speech 发表演讲 online adj. 在线的 adv. 在线 organisation un.结构
feature cn. 特色，特征 language feature 语言特征 comma cn. 逗号
stop = full stop cn. 句号
put up 张贴，增加，提高，建造，搭建，竖立，举起，留某人住在家中，投宿
v.+ it + adj. +(for sb./sth.) + to do sth.
it 为形式宾语，to do 不定式为逻辑宾语，形容词为宾语补足语。
能用于此结构的动词有think, find, believe, feel, consider等
逻辑宾语除了可以用to do不定式，还可以用that引导的从句
I think it necessary that you should apologize Jenny her at once.
According to a parenting expert, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for our children ________ (concentrate).
You might find ______ relaxing to bring your small kids to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
In his introduction, he made it clear ______ our credits would be hard-earned.
