2023届高三英语二轮复习：状语从句课件（26张）

(共26张PPT)
状语从句
Adverbial Clauses
What's adverb？
What's adverbial clause？
时间状语
地点状语
目的状语
原因状语
结果状语
方式（伴随）状语
让步状语
比较状语
条件状语
时间状语从句
时间状语从句表示主句动作发生的时间。从句中不能用将来时，若主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时或完成时。
同时
先后
一……就……
其他
when, while, as
before, after
as soon as once the moment/minute
the first time every time
immediately, directly, instantly
no sooner...than hardly...when…
since, until
1. when, while, as 【基本用法】
1. We must have been burgled __________we were asleep.
2. _______ the film ended, the people went back.
3. ____ time goes by, he will forget what happened to him.
4. We sang _____ we walked along.
when/while
When
As
as
Keypoints:
1. when+ 延续性动词/短暂性动词；while+ 延续性动词
2. as 强调动作发生的过程，表示“随着；一边...一边...”
★【when\while的其他用法】
1. We were about to go out ________ it began to rain.
We were having a meeting ________suddenly someone broke in.
I had just come in _________the telephone rang.
They were on the point of leaving ______ it began to rain.
2. Tom is good at science ________ his brother is absolutely hopeless.
3. Work hard _______ you are young.
4. Strike _______ iron is hot.
when
when
when
when
while
while 趁着…还
（对比两事物）而
while
while
when “就在这时” 的句型
1) was/were about to do ...when...
2) was/were doing ...when...
3) was/were on the point of doing ...when…
4) had just done... when...
2. before 的译法
It won’t be long before the problem is solved.
It was two years before we met again.
She shut the door before I could say a word.
We have to act quickly before things become worse.
没过多久就...
过了多久才...
还没来得及...就
趁...还没有...时
过了很长一段时间我才悟出真相。
It was some time before I realized the truth.
before 可翻译为：在…之前;（没）过多久就...；
还没有来得及…就…； 趁...还没有时
常用句式:
①It will be/was +一段时间 +before... 过了多久…才…;
②It won’t be/ wasn’t +一段时间 + before... 没过多久就……
3. 一....就...
我一看见他就认出了他。
as soon as the moment/minute immediately
once no sooner....than hardly...when…
I recognized him the minute I saw him.
I recognized him as soon as I saw him.
I recognized him immediately I saw him.
I recognized him once I saw him.
I had no sooner recognized him than I saw him.
I had hardly recognized him when I saw him.
Hardly had I recognized him when I saw him.
No sooner had I recognized him than I saw him.
He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.
He has written to me frequently since I was ill.
He has written to me frequently since I have been ill.
自从我病愈以来，他经常给我写信。
自从我生病以来，他经常给我写信。
4. since
自从我生病以来，他经常给我写信。
(1) 若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性动词(如go,come，leave, start, begin等)的过去时， 则从句表示的时间是“从该动作开始的那一时刻起”。
(2) 若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的静态动词(如live, stay, study, be等)的过去时, 则从句表示的时间是“从该动作或状态的完成或结束时算起”。
(3) 若since引导的状语从句的谓语为现在完成时，则表示动作和状态延续到现在(说话时刻)，则从句表示的时间是“从该动作开始的那一时刻起”。
Go straight on until you come to a bridge.
He didn’t arrive until the game had begun.
5. till / until
肯定句：直到...为止 (主句是延续性动词)
否定句：直到...才(主句是非延续性动词）
如果你遇到不懂的东西,可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈,直到你把它弄明白为止。
If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.
等学生们安静下来后,她才开始上课。
She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down.
地点状语从句
1. Put the medicine ________your children can’t reach it.
2 . I will follow you ___________you go.
3. I found my wallet _______ I had left it.
4. ________ there is a will, there’s a way.
where
wherever
where
Where
引导词：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等
如何区分地点状语从句与定语从句
原因状语从句
原因状语从句可置于句首,也可置于句尾。引导原因状语从句的常用词有：
because:
since/now (that):
as:
for:
语气最强,常用来回答why引起的提问。它可与强调词only、just及否定词not连用。
语气最弱,较口语化，所表达的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实。as引导的状语从句多置于主句之前。
语气也较弱, 常表示对方已知的事实,意为“既然”。
表示原因不能放在句首，“我之所以这么说是因为”
in that, seeing that, considering that（考虑到，鉴于）, for the reason that
Exercise
1.Tom was late for school this morning _______ he didn’t catch the early bus.
2. It must have rained , ______ the ground is wet.
3. It was ________he was caught in a traffic jam that he was not in time for the game.
4. ________ he is a tailor, he knows what to do with this material.
5.______________ everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
6.考虑到天气不好，我们决定取消这次会议。
because
because
As
Since/Now that
Considering that the weather is bad, we decided to cancel the meeting.
for
条件状语从句
条件状语从句可置于句首,也可置于句尾，有时还可置于主语和谓语之间。引导条件状语从句的常用词有：
如果______ 除非，如果不________ 只要___________ 万一____________ 条件是____________________ 只有_______
假设，倘若 suppose (that)=supposing (that)
provided (that)= providing (that) given that assuming (that)
1.You will fall behind________ you work hard.
2. If he ________ (throw) a party tomorrow, would you like to come
3. Unless treated in time, the patient ______ (get) weaker.
4. 万一发生火灾，请按这个按钮。
if
unless=if not
as/so long as
in case (that)
on (the) condition that…
unless
throws
will get
In case (that) there is fire, please press this button.
only if
Keypoints: (条件状语从句的时态规则)
口诀：主将从现/主情从现/主祈从现
现在时不一定指一般现在时，也可以是现在完成时、现在进行时
目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的常用词有：so that, in order that, in case(that), for fear that, lest(唯恐，以免)
We got up early so that we could catch the train.
We got up early so that we caught the train.
so that 表目的，从句常用情态动词can, may, could等；
口诀：为了有情，结果无情
表目的
表结果
1. so that 与in order that
Cherry was walking quickly ________ she could arrive at the cinema in time. = ________ she could arrive at the cinema in time , Cherry was walking quickly.
2. in case 与for fear that
Take your raincoat _________ it rains.
She hurried to the airport_____________ she should miss the flight to Paris.
so that/in order that
In order that
in case
for fear that
结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的常用词有：so, so that, so... that..., such... that..等。
1. 她是这么好的一位老师，我们都尊敬她。
She is such a good teacher that all of us respect her.
She is so good a teacher that all of us respect her.
比较：She is such a good teacher _____ all of us respect. (____ 从句)
2. 他挣这么少的钱,以至于养不起家。
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.
as
定语
so＋形容词/副词＋that从句
so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数形式+that从句
so＋many/much/few/little（少）＋名词+that从句
such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数形式+ that从句
such＋形容词＋可数名词复数形式/不可数名词+that从句
such＋a lot of/lots of＋名词＋that从句
Tips: so和such位于句首, 倒装句式。
So good a teacher is she that all of us respect her.
方式(伴随)状语从句
引导方式状语从句的常用词有：as, (in) the way, as if , as though等。
入乡随俗。
When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
有时候我们以父母教的方式来教我们的孩子。
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
as if/though一定引导虚拟语气的从句吗？
从句内容 语气 时态
所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实 陈述语气 根据句子语境判断
所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生的情况 虚拟语气
与现在事实相反 一般过去时（did/were）
与过去或与谈话时间为止发生的事实相反 had +过去分词
与将来事实相反 would / could / might + 动词原形
听起来像在下雨。
It sounds as if it is raining.
让步状语从句
引导方式状语从句的常用词有：
【连词】
虽然：
即使;纵然：
无论：
无论…：
however=______________ whatever = _________________ whenever=___________________ whoever=__________________________ whichever=_____________________wherever=_________________
【介词】
虽然：_________ = _____________ 后面接名词或动名词。
though although while as
even if even though
whether
no matter +…
no matter how no matter what
no matter when
no matter who
no matter which no matter where
despite in spite of
1. 四个“虽然”
_______________________ he is wealthy, he is unhappy.
He is unhappy _______________he is wealthy.
Wealthy ___________he is, he is unhappy.
【小结】_______引导的从句既可以倒装也可以不倒装；_______和________引导的从句只能用正常语序，其中______ 多位于句首；__引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
注意：though和although不能与_____同时用，但可与yet或still连用。
2. They’ll stand by you even ___ you don’t succeed.
He went out even _______ it was raining
3.“无论”__________ you stay or leave, you should inform me of it.
Whether you believe it ____ not, it is true.
4. 无论你是谁，你都要遵守规则。
Though/Although/While
though/although
though/as
though
although while
while
as
but
if
though
Whether
or
No matter who /Whoever you are, you should obey the regulations.
【Critical Thinking】
1. __________ passes the road will be given a notebook.
_______________________ passes the road, he will be given a notebook.
2. __________ difficult the work is, we must finish it.
__________ difficulties we face, we must finish the work.
Whoever
Whoever/No matter who
However
Whatever
Keypoints:
引导让步状语从句时 ，疑问词-ever与"no mter +疑问词"完全相同，可以互换。
但疑问词-ever还可引导名词性从句，no matter+疑问词"则不可。
名词 + as + 主语 + 其他
King as he was, he was unhappy.
形容词 + as + 主语 + 其他
Successful as he is, he is not proud.
副词 + as + 主语 + 其他
Much as I admire him as a writer, I do not like him as a man.
动词原形 + as + 主语 + 其他
Object as you may，I’ll go.
分词 + as + 主语 + 其他
Raining as it is, I’d like to walk home.
【难点】as引导让步状语从句的具体用法
比较状语从句
比较状语从句一般位于句尾；常用as、than等引导,从句中有时使用省略形式，只保留被比较的对象。
1. Henry is as diligent as Peter (is diligent).
John is not as talkative as he used to be.
2. Bill did no worse than Tom in the driving test.
3. The less she worried，the better she worked.
练习：
He spent as much time sailing as he did _________(work) with his students.
as…as…
not as(so)…as…
than
The + 比较级，the +比较级。
working
【特殊引导词】
1. more ... than ... 引导比较状语从句表示“比……多；比…更加…或与其说…倒不如说…”的意思。
Many companies use computers more than they used to.
2. 经典句式：“A is to B what C is to D”
Water is to fish what air is to man.
状语从句的省略
1. If ______ (give) the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
2. When ____________ (complete), the museum will be open to the public.
3. Once ________(catch) stealing at the shop, you’ll be dismissed.
4. Mother moved her lips as if __________(speak).
5. You can leave the workshop earlier _____________(必要的时候).
6. Please get here before 6:00 a.m. ___________(如果可能的话).
given
completed
caught
to speak
if necessary
if possible
【请记住以下省略的状语从句】
如果可能的话/如果必要的话/如果是这样/如果不的话/如果有的话/如果曾经做过的话（也不多）/如果有任何人的话/ 如果有任何东西的话
if ever /if necessary /if so/ if not/ if any/ if ever / if anybody/ if anything
1. 每天晚上，我们可以通过视频聊天相互联系，用英语聊半个小时，在用汉语聊半个小时，目的是提高口语。
We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese so that we can improve our spoken English.
2.每当你想在生活中获取什么时，总会有这样或那样的问题。
Every time you want to get something in life, there will be problems of this or that kind.
3. 随着暑假临近，我将有大约三个月的空闲时间。
As summer is approaching/drawing near/around the corner, I will be free for almost 3 months.
4.我紧张得几乎说不出还剩下哪个方向。
I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.
5. 如果你对这项比赛感兴趣的话,你可以访问学校网站报名,关闭日期是六月15日。
6.如果你方便的话，让我们8:30在学校大门口见面。如果不方便的话，请告诉我什么时间适合你。
If you are keen on the competition, you can visit the school website to sign up. The closing date is June 15th.
If it is convenient to you, let’s meet outside the school gate at 8:30. If not, please let me know what time suits you .