(共55张PPT)
Module 7
Great books
Unit 3
Language in use
To summarise and consolidate the use of present passive voice
To organise a class talk
1. Their works _____ still ______ by many people today.
如今, 他们的作品仍然被许多人阅读。
2. We______ still __________by Confucius’s ideas.
我们仍然受到孔子思想的影响。
3. It _____ still ______ and ______ by people all over the world.
现在, 它仍然被全世界的人阅读和喜爱。
are read
are
influenced
is
read
loved
Work in pare the sentences below with the sentences above.
1. Many people still read their works today.
2. Confucius’s ideas still influence us.
3. People all over the world still read and love it.
Compare the sentences.
1. Many people still read their works
today.
Their works (are still read) by many people today.
2. Confucius’s ideas still influence us.
We (are still influenced) by Confucius’s ideas.
3. People all over the world still read and
love it.
It is still read and loved by people all over the world.
语态用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
一般现在时的被动语态
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者
e.g. Mark Twain’s stories are read by millions of people every year.
语态
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者
e.g. Millions of people read Mark Twain’s stories every year.
Millions of people read Mark Twain’s stories every year.
(该句为主动语态，主语millions of people是动作read的执行者，宾语Mark Twain’s stories是动作read的承受者。)
Mark Twain’s stories are read by millions of people every year.
(该句为被动语态，主语Mark Twain’s stories是动作read的承受者，动作的执行者millions of people由介词by引出。)
1. 一般现在时被动语态的构成：
am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词
2. 一般现在时的被动语态在各种句式中的运用：
句式 构成 例句
肯定句 主语+ am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) +其他. The meeting room is cleaned by the woman every week.
否定句 主语+ am / is / are + not +及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语)+其它. The meeting room isn’t cleaned by the woman every week.
句式 构成 例句
一般疑问句及其答语 Am / Is / Are +主语+及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) +其他 Is the meeting room cleaned by the woman every week
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ am / is / are. Yes, it is.
否定回答 No, 主语+ am / is / are + not. No, it isn’t.
3. 如何将主动语态变为被动语态
主动句变为被动句时，先将主动句中的宾语(动作的承受者)变成被动句中的主语(宾语如为人称代词，须将宾格变为主格)，然后根据这个主语选用相应的助动词be(am / is / are)，再将主动句中的谓语动词变成它的过去分词形式，然后将主动结构中的主语置于介词by之后(如为人称代词，须将主格变为宾格)，最后将句中的其他成分加上即可。
4. 被动语态主要用于以下几种情况：
1) 强调动作的承受者。
e.g. The book is loved by children.
2) 不知道动作的执行者。
e.g. Computers are used every day.
Chinese is spoken as a second language in this country.
3) 有些表达习惯上常用被动语态。
e.g. It is reported that ... 据报道……
It is said that ... 据说……
It is well-known that ... 众所周知……
It is believed that ... 大家相信……
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. You need to use the words more than once.
give influence read write
1. Millions of people ________ Mark Twain’s stories every year.
Mark Twain’s stories _________ by millions of people every year.
read
are read
2. Confucius still __________ people around the world.
People around the world _______ still __________ by Confucius.
3. A famous writer _________ the advice column in the newspaper every week.
The advice column in the newspaper __________ by a famous writer every week.
influences
are influenced
writes
is written
give influence read write
4. The teacher usually _______ the students a lot of ideas.
The students _______ usually _______ a lot of ideas by the teacher.
gives
are given
give influence read write
My favourite funny story in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is when Tom (1) ________ (tell) by his aunt to paint the gate white. The work is a punishment because he missed school one day. Of course, he does not want to do any work.
is told
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and expression in brackets.
At first, Tom (2) __________ (watch) by his friends and (3) ___________ (laugh at), so he feels quite bad. But soon he turns the situation round, and he (4) ___________ (help) by his friends instead. Tom says that he enjoys painting the gate white, and his friends want to try. He asks each friend to give him something valuable, and in return they (5) ___________ (allow) to do some of Tom’s work!
is helped
are allowed
is watched
laughed at
Tom: Why (1) _____ popular books _______ (make) into films
Jack: Oh, because the stories (2) ____ already
________ (know) by lots of people, so the films will become popular as well.
Tom: But why (3) _______ the stories sometimes _________ (change) in films
are made
are
known
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in brackets.
are
changed
Jack: Because films and books are different. Some people in the book are not included in the film, but others are more important than they are in the book.
Tom: But that doesn’t happen in historical films
Jack: Yes, it does. Sometimes even the facts about history (4) ____________ (change).
Tom: But why (5) ______ facts __________ (rewrite)
Jack: Because films don’t always try to teach history, but to tell a good story!
are changed
are rewritten
Complete the conversation with the words in the box.
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
Host: Welcome to Two Talk. Today we will (1) _______ the question: Are writers still important With me for today’s (2) ________ are James Southern and Penny West. James, what do you think
discuss
dialogue
James: I think people who write for a job are not as important as they used to be. There are many (3) ________ now, but they write on the Internet, for
free.
Host: Is that a problem
writers
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
James: Yes, I think so. Although it’s good that everyone can be a writer and write what they like on the Internet, they also sometimes write wrong information. So it isn’t (4) ________ to get all your information from the Internet.
Host: What do you think, Penny
wise
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
Penny: I’d (5) ________ what James says. There is a lot of rubbish on the Internet, and it might have too much (6) _________ on some people. Wrong information is bad for (7) ________. People need to think about what they read, and decide whether it makes (8) _______ or not. It’s a pity that not enough people do that!
sense
society
influence
accept
accept dialogue discuss influence sense society wise writers
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the expressions in the box.
all over the world be not afraid of
get into trouble grow up
in the middle of join in
look for run away
Tony: Hi, Daming. What’s up
Daming: Oh, hi, Tony. I’m (1) _______________ this great book—it’s Alex Rider’s adventure stories. You should read one of them!
Tony: Oh, what are the stories about
Daming: Well, they’re all fantastic stories, full of exciting situations of course. You see, Alex Rider is a hero.
in the middle of
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
He (2) __________ in London, but now he travels (3) ________________ and helps the police—they (4) ____________ dangerous, bad people and catch them.
Tony: Oh, it sounds great. I love adventure stories. But doesn’t he (5)_______________
Daming: Well, of course, that’s what the stories are about. He gets lost in strange places, and he (6) ____________ from danger all the time.
all over the world
get into trouble
grew up
look for
runs away
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
Tony: And don’t tell me, he (7) _____________ anything!
Daming: Of course not—well … maybe snakes! But he is pretty clever!
Tony: Of course he is…
Daming: Look! We’re going to talk about Alex Rider at the after-school book club. Why don’t you come and
(8) ____________
Tony: Great! I’d love to!
isn’t afraid of
join in
all over the world be not afraid of get into trouble grow up in the middle of join in look for run away
Listen and check (√ )the books that Daming likes.
√
√
√
Listen again and discuss why Daming doesn’t like The Arabian Nights and My Favrourite Babies.
The Arabian Nights
My Favrourite Babies
long and boring
for babies
Yes, I do. I think… / No, I don’t. I think…
Work in pairs. Talk about the best stories to read.
What stories should I read
I think…
Do you think I should read The Arabian Nights
Plato lived in ancient Greece. He was a great thinker and writer, and his ideas helped start Western philosophy.
Plato and The Republic
He wrote down his ideas in the form of many famous dialogues and letters. The Republic is his most famous book. In it, Plato discusses politics and what makes a good city and a good man. The modern world is still influenced by his writings about life, education, government, art, maths and science.
柏拉图(Plato, 公元前427年—公元前347年)，古希腊伟大的哲学家，也是整个西方文化中最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。
他和老师苏格拉底，学生亚里士多德并称为希腊三贤。
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
《理想国》是柏拉图创作的哲学对话体著作。全书主要论述了柏拉图心中理想国的构建、治理和正义，主题是关于国家的管理。 《理想国》一书是他的代表作，涉及到了政治学、教育学、伦理学、哲学等多个领域，思想博大精深，几乎代表了整个希腊的文化。 2015年11月，《理想国》在英国“学术图书周”中，被评为最具影响力的20本学术书之一。
《理想国》
Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
Plato was a great (1) ________ and writer, and his (2) ________ helped start Western philosophy. He (3) _______ in ancient Greece. He (4) ________ down his ideas in the form of many famous (5) ___________ and letters. The Republic is his most (6) ________ book.
thinker
ideas
lived
wrote
dialogues
famous
In it, Plato (7) _________ politics and what makes a good city and a good (8) _________. The modern world is still (9) __________ by his writings about life, education, government, art, maths and (10) ________.
discusses
man
influenced
science
Organising a class talk
Read the statement: We are more influenced by films than books.
Think of some films or books you have seen or read. How did they influence you
Decide on your point of view. Do you agree or disagree with the statement
Make notes about why you agree or disagree with the statement.
Work in groups. Prepare a talk.
Plan your talk.
Plan what you want to say.
Make notes about your ideas.
Tell your audience what your opinion is Start with We believe that…
Explain what some people say, but you disagree with. Some people think that ... They argue that … In their opinion …
Explain your opinion. with reasons and examples However, we think that … because … Also …
Repeat your opinion and give a conclusion. So, to sum up, in our opinion…
If you …, you will …
Present your talk to the class. Use your notes to help you.
I. 根据语境及括号内所给单词的提示, 用恰当的语态填空。
1. The room ___________(clean) every day.
2. Usually his letters _____________(write) in French.
3. Shakespeare ____________(think) to be a great writer.
4. It __________(say) Lost in Russia is an interesting film.
5. These bags ______________(make) by hand.
are made
is cleaned
are written
is thought
is said
all over the world, in the middle of,
grow up, join in, in return
1. What will he be if he ________________ in such a bad environment
2. I sent him a gift ________________ for his help.
3. Chinese tea is so popular that it is drunk by people ________________.
4. John put the table ________________ the room.
5. Everyone in my class ________________ the talk just now.
II. 根据语境, 从方框中选择恰当的短语填空, 注意形式变化。
joined in
grows up
in return
all over the world
in the middle of
III. 根据括号内所给英文提示语, 将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 不要害怕被嘲笑。 (laugh at)
Don’t be afraid of being laughed at.
2. 他的作品被许多年轻人阅读。 (read)
His works are read by many young people.
3. 他虽然很累，但是没有停止跑步。 (although)
Although he is very tired, he doesn’t stop running.
4. 你可以在这个旅馆免费吃早餐。 (for free)
You can have the breakfast for free in this hotel.
5. 你必须戒烟，因为吸烟对你的健康有害。 (give up)
You must give up smoking because smoking is bad for your health.
IV. 根据材料内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，使材料意思完整、通顺，注意形式变化。
tell, decide, alone, one, secret,
well-known, so, meet, wise, adventure
Although I’m not a child any more, I still prefer reading fairy tales (童话). The Little Prince is (1) _______ of my favourite fairy tales. Written by a French pilot (飞行员) and writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, it’s (2)_____________ to both children and grown-ups.
one
well-known
It (3)_______ a story about a pilot and a little prince. There is something wrong with the pilot’s plane, so his plane crashes (坠毁) in the Sahara Desert where he (4)_______ the little prince. The little prince comes from the planet B612. He lives (5)_______, but he still lives a happy life. He owns the loveliest rose that he has ever seen. He takes care of the rose every day, but finally he (6)________ to leave it and his planet to search for a secret
tell, decide, alone, one, secret,
well-known, so, meet, wise, adventure
alone
tells
meets
decides
— the most important thing in his life. Then his (7) ___________ start. The little prince sees different people through travelling seven planets. At last he finds out what the (8)_________ is from a fox on the earth. Before he returns to his planet, he tells the pilot his secret: it is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential (极其重要的) is invisible (看不见的) to the eye.
tell, decide, alone, one, secret,
well-known, so, meet, wise, adventure
adventures
secret
Every time I read The Little Prince, I am moved. It is (9)_______ to listen to your heart because that’s all that matters. In the end all you have is your character, what you put into the world, and the memories (回忆) you made with others. (10)_______ spread goodness, happiness, and most of all love.
tell, decide, alone, one, secret,
well-known, so, meet, wise, adventure
So
wise
4月23日是“世界读书日”(the World Book and Copyright Day)，你将代表学校参加全市举办的英文演讲比赛，请你就以下要点写一篇演讲稿。
【写作要点】
① 每年4月23日人们举办各种活动，鼓励更多的人热爱读书；
② 许多名著至今仍然流行，例如，孔子的论著(Counfucius’ works) 现在仍被很多人阅读；
③ 我把大部分空闲时间花在阅读名著上，他们对我的思想产生很大影响；
④ 我常跟家人和朋友分享读书的乐趣；
⑤ 我最喜爱读的书是……，因为……
