Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading for Writing
课前预习
?学结构
1.第一段使用了并列连词and，从总体上介绍了海啸发生的时间、地点及破坏程度，各句之间衔接紧凑，逻辑清晰。
2.第二、三段主要运用and, however等衔接词从细节方面详细介绍了海啸造成的破坏。
?学表达
1.第一段第二句中用“sweep”形象地表达出了海浪造成破坏的严重程度。第一句中使用了 that引导的定语从句(that crashed into coastlines…)，现在分词短语作状语(killing more than 6，500 people…)；第二句使用了过去分词短语作定语(caused by the strong earthquake…)以及that引导的定语从句(that reached a magnitude…)，这些高级句式的运用使得文章精彩纷呈。第三段第一句中用“thousands of”表达了海啸危害的人数之多。
2.第二、三段主要使用了被动语态，be doing… when, make＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.等高级句式彰显了较强的语言功底。
二、自我检测
1._____ summary, it is my opinion that this complete treatment process is very successful.
2.Till the year 1957,the Golden Gate Bridge, at a _____ (long) of 2,737 metres, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.
3.On March 8, the three-foot tall robot made its first _____ (deliver) to some lucky residents in Brisbane, Australia.
4._____ (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.
5.There was a heavy flood after the rain and the whole village _____ (sweep) away.
6.Out _____ gratitude, Buddha decided to name the year after each of the animals in their order of arrival.
7.A terrible earthquake happened in the city last week, _____ (kill) more than 200 people.
8.A truck went out of control and __________(crash) into the back of a bus.
9.We must take _____ (effect) measures to protect the environment from going bad to worse.
10.To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, _____ (become) the most beautiful building in our school.
答案以及解析
1.答案：In
解析：考查固定搭配.句意:总之,我认为这整个的治疗过程非常成功. in summary意为 "总之", 故填介词In.
2.答案：length
3.答案：delivery
4.答案：Struck
5.答案：was swept
6.答案：of
7.答案：killing
8.答案：crashed
解析：设空处所填谓语与句中已有谓语动词went时态一致,应用一般过去时, 故填crashed。
9.答案：effective
10.答案：becoming
解析：考查非谓语动词.句意:首先,一个新的体育馆已经建成,成为我们学校最漂亮的建筑.分析可知体育馆建成之后就成了最漂亮的建筑,所以此处需用现在分词短语作结果状语,故填becoming.
2Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
课前预习
二、自我检测
1.The famous basketball star, ________ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
2.Those _____ want to see the film please write down your name here.
3.The classroom _____ door is broken will soon be repaired.
4.Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t.
5.The man _____ is speaking at the meeting is an expert.
6.The house _____ we once lived in is being repaired by the workers.
7.Where is the window _____ glass is broken
8.Have you found the woman _____ bag was lost
9.We visited the factory _____ makes toys for children.
10.The hard-working farmers and their happy life _____ we saw in the countryside made a wonderful impression on me.
答案以及解析
1.答案：who
解析：考查定语从句。句意为:这位尝试复出的著名篮球明星吸引了许多人的注意。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是"basketball star",指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who引导该从句。故填who。
2.答案：who
3.答案：whose
4.答案：who; who
5.答案：who/that
6.答案：that/which
7.答案：whose
8.答案：whose
9.答案：that/which
10.答案：that
2Unit 4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking
课前预习
1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
[赏析] 这是一个并列句，由两个表示并列关系的分句组成，第一个分句中使用了“too…to…”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，动词不定式短语to eat作结果状语。
[翻译] 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。
2.Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
[赏析] that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing为that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a quake。
[翻译] 在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪最致命的地震之一开始爆发了，这场地震甚至对在150千米以外的北京也造成了破坏。
3.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
[赏析] prove sth. to sb.向某人证明……；这里的sth.是一个宾语从句，指代的内容是that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
[翻译] 唐山市已经向中国和世界其他国家证明，在灾难发生的时候，人们必须团结一致，展现智慧，保持积极的态度，为更光明的未来而奋斗。
二、自我检测
1.Some people _____ are successful learners often fail in other fields.
2.When they put on their 3D image glasses, they will feel as though they _____ (be) actually in a classroom having lessons.
3.All the listeners were greatly _____ (shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio.
4.Second, the recording pen was not easy _____ (operate), which caused me much trouble.
5.A number of teachers _____ (be) present today, the number of whom is 300.
6._____ (bury) myself in preparing the coming final exam, I have no time to learn about the news at home and abroad.
7.He was trying to save the girl _____ (trap) in the burning house.
8.The big fire caused great damage _____ the building built last year.
9.The earthquake was so big that most of the houses _____ the small village were completely in ruins.
10.The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring ______ he had lost on the train.
答案以及解析
1.答案：who/that
2.答案：were
3.答案：shocked
4.答案：to operate
5.答案：are
6.答案：Burying
7.答案：trapped
8.答案：to
9.答案：in
10.答案：which/that/不填
2Unit 4 Natural Disasters Listening and Speaking——2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课前导学
课前预习
1.What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood hit area？救援人员和士兵在洪水灾区做什么？(教材P48)
rescue n.&vt.(to help someone or something out of danger)援救；营救
(1)rescue…from… 把……从……营救出来
(2)come to/go to one's rescue＝rescue sb.营救某人
a rescue team 救援队
(3)rescuer n.救援者
2.Which buildings were damaged in Seoul
首尔哪些建筑被毁？(教材P48)
?damage
(1)vt.(to harm or spoil sth./sb.)损害；破坏
be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
(2)n.(harmful effects on sb./sth.)损坏；损失
3.82 killed, 500，000 affected 82人死亡，50万人受灾(教材P49)
?affect vt.(to produce a change in sb./sth.)影响；(to attack sb. or a part of the body; to make sb. become ill/sick)(疾病)侵袭；(to make sb. have strong feelings of sadness, pity, etc.)深深打动
(1)be affected by heat/cold/a high fever 中暑/着凉/发高烧
be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动/深受影响
(2)effect n. 作用； 影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
4.Shelters set up by the government 政府设立的避难所(教材P49)
?shelter
(1)n.(the fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need)避难处；庇护所；(protection from bad weather, danger or attack)庇护
find/seek/take shelter from… 躲避……
under the shelter of… 在……的庇护下
(2)vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
shelter sb./sth. from… 保护某人/某物以避免……
shelter from… 躲避
二、自我检测
1.After the earthquake, the beautiful city was _____ ruins.
2.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _____ (happen) yesterday.
3.He’s suffering _____ a bad cold.
4.People should spare no effort _____ (protect) the environment.
5.After the divorce,she buried herself ____ her work.
6.We must hold on until people come to our rescue if we _____ (trap) in an earthquake.
7.He was shocked _____ her smoking.
8.As I was much _____ (affect) by the story of Cong Fei, I am also determined to be a volunteer worker.
9.It didn’t take long before the building was _____ (destroy).
10.Several cars were _____ (damage) in the crash.
答案以及解析
1.答案：in
2.答案：happened
解析：句意:Eliza确切地记得一切,好像它们是昨天发生的。考查虚拟语气。as if后面的从句一般用虚拟语气。
3.答案：from
4.答案：to protect
5.答案：in
6.答案：are trapped
7.答案：at/by
8.答案：affected
9.答案：destroyed
10.答案：damaged
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