UNIT1 A new start
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1 Match the words with their definitions.
1 breathe a something such as a room or piece of equipment that is provided
2 calm for people to use
3 confident b making you admire something because of its size, quality or what it
4 facility can do
5 impression c to take air into your body through your nose or mouth and let it
6 impressive out again
7 organise d a belief or way of doing something that has existed for a long time
8 tradition e an opinion or feeling that you have about someone or something
f not affected by strong feelings such as anger, excitement or fear
g sure that you have the ability to do things well or deal with
situations successfully
h to arrange things in a particular order or pattern
2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box (one word is extra).
author campus challenge description explore insects moment pressure
1 The village is a good place from which to __________ the local area.
2 Most students live on __________ in their first year at university.
3 I was bored with my job and I felt I needed a new __________.
4 With increasing amounts of homework, senior high students in this school are under great
__________ these days.
5 I wish he had not chosen that __________ to walk into the room.
6 There are many different types of __________ such as bees, beetles and flies.
7 Could you give me a __________ of the new English teacher
1
UNIT 1 A new start
3 Complete the story with words from the reading passage on Student’s Book, pages 2–3. The
first letter of each word has been given.
This is a true story about something that happened to me last summer. I was on holiday
with my family at a beach in the south of England. I was very interested to 1e__________
the local area, so one morning I woke up early and set off along the quiet road. In my
2e__________ to discover the local area, I forgot to tell my parents where I was going.
It was a hot, sunny morning and I soon felt thirsty, but I was determined to 3c__________
myself by walking to the highest point. I’m a good walker and so I pushed my way up the
hill, although it was quite hard work. At the top, I saw many birds flying around their
nests. Feel curious, I left the road and moved towards the nests. Aha, there were some
baby birds in the nest. “If I take a picture of the baby birds, will I be attached ” With
4b__________ in my stomach, I held my camera up and pointed it at the birds.
Just then, one of the birds made a loud noise. I was so surprised that I dropped my
camera! I didn’t have time to worry about it, though. To protect their nests, the birds
started to fly at me to make me go away. They flew at me one by one. I 5r__________
back down the hill. Near the bottom of the hill, I heard a car 6e__________. It was my
mum’s car! I jumped in and shut the door, looking at her in 7p__________.
“Go! Go! Go!” I shouted.
I spent the rest of the summer saving up for a new camera.
2
UNIT 1 A new start
Using language
4 a Match the sentences with the same structures.
1 He shouted. a The news made me very sad.
2 She was curious. b They argued loudly.
3 I met an old man. c She sent him a message.
4 She lent him her bicycle. d He laughed.
5 The debate made me quite angry. e I saw a beautiful woman.
6 She spoke to them quietly. f She was intelligent.
7 I nodded eagerly. g They agreed with me totally.
4 b Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
1 loudly laughed she .
_____________________________________________________________________________
2 slept I .
_____________________________________________________________________________
3 curious they were .
_____________________________________________________________________________
4 a toy a young child with played happily .
_____________________________________________________________________________
5 made us his silence worried a bit .
_____________________________________________________________________________
6 mother my a cake me gave .
_____________________________________________________________________________
7 read I a book difficult .
_____________________________________________________________________________
5 Look at the picture and write sentences about what happened in the school playground this
morning. Use all 7 basic sentence structures from Activity 4.
1 __________________.
2 Beryl was __________________.
3 __________________ played badminton eagerly.
4 __________________ gave Kate a book.
5 Max made Julie __________________.
6 __________________ studied the poster carefully.
7 Roger __________________.
3
UNIT 1 A new start
6 a Find the words in the word search grid. The definitions have been given.
E O W L W S A O D S 1 relating to thoughts or feelings that you feel strongly
B Q C Y A E A C O H but do not always show to other people
S P U X C V Y V L O 2 to get more of something, usually after some efforts
A C S S I K G O P M or after a gradual process
P N H B L P A L H C 3 a large and intelligent sea animal, similar to a fish,
A I I E W M I U I A with a long grey pointed nose
M C A J D Q N N N P 4 to make an official request for a job or a place in a
T S Q N X U Y T M P university
Q T B S O V L E G L 5 a large musical instrument with a row of black and
N A O X I N N E R Y white keys, which you play using your hands
L G U G A L E R B Q 6 a plan of activities
R E D D B S H J K S 7 the part of the theatre where the actors or musicians
perform
8 someone who is willing to offer help without getting
paid
6 b Match the words with the situations (one word is extra).
1 Lisa is a very intelligent person and a quick learner. a author
2 He has written many novels, plays and poems. b debate
3 She loves doing physical exercise here. c dinosaur
4 Tyrannosaurus rex is the most well-known example of these large d drama
animals that died out over 65 million years. e gym
5 He loves acting, so this is his favourite school subject. f presentation
6 A subject to write about or discuss. g sharp
7 Jack enjoys arguing, so he is a member of this school team. h topic
8 Mr Brown gave a long speech about the business plans. i various
7 a Listen and complete Jim’s notes.
First, visitors can listen to a presentation by 1__________________ in the school hall.
Then, they can see the impressive facilities and 2__________________ in the gym.
After that, visitors go to our 3__________________ and see how students study science.
Before lunch: free time to explore the campus.
Lunch from 12:30 pm to 1:30 pm.
After lunch, visitors can experience different 4__________________.
Before the day ends, visitors and students can 5__________________ in the school hall.
Finally, students can 6__________________.
7 b Work in pairs. Take it in turns to plan an open day schedule for your school. Use some of the
ideas from Activity 7a as well as your own ideas.
4
UNIT 1 A new start
Developing ideas
8 Match the words with their definitions.
1 former a very good
2 graduate b existing or happening before, but not now
3 neat c a curved line of colours that appears in the sky when the sun shines
4 rainbow while it is raining
5 specific d exact
6 subscribe e to have copies of newspaper or to receive a service, usually after
paying some money
f to complete your studies at a school or college
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in the box (one expression
is extra).
deal with give someone a hand go all out hold one’s head up in particular
keep an open mind look forward to make the most of refer to
1 Tom ___________ to win the marathon race last month.
2 You have to ___________ this problem in the right way.
3 He ___________ the topic several times during his presentation.
4 It is important to ___________ and not jump to conclusions.
5 Sally ___________ her time at summer school in the US.
6 ___________ and be proud of what you have achieved.
7 I am ___________ spending my school holidays travelling in France.
8 You need a good revision plan to pass your exams. ___________, make sure you revise new
material soon, before you forget it.
5
UNIT 1 A new start
10 a Match the paragraphs with their main ideas.
1 S ummerhill School in England is a very special kind of school. It was founded in
1921 by A.S. Neill with the belief that the school should be made to fit the child, not
the child fit the school. The school is run with the idea that teachers and students are
equal. Students are free to choose which lessons to go to, if any, and create their own
course of study.
2 A s a boarding school, most of students at Summerhill stay in school during the term
time. Children have power to control access to their own rooms. Every pupil has
their own bedroom space. The bed areas are personalised by the children, expressing
their character. Summerhill’s ideas about teaching challenged the traditional model
of how schools were run, and they shocked many people.
3 B ut Summerhill’s approach to giving children freedom to select what to do at school
also gained many followers, especially in the United States. Many schools opened in
the US following Neill’s idea that children learn best when they are free from being
forced to learn.
4 T he school is run by a committee of teachers and students who together decide rules
such as appropriate bedtimes. Attending classes is voluntary, but most students choose
to go to the classes that interest them. The structure of the school may be unusual, but
teachers work in standard classrooms and teach in the same way as usual schools.
5 S ummerhill has been in existence for about one hundred years and is still going
strong. It appears that many parents and children still value what Neill thought was
most important – allowing children to grow up happily and be encouraged to live
their own lives.
a An unusual school with usual classroom teaching methods.
b Some schools in the United States follow Summerhill’s example.
c The school should suit the child, not the other way round.
d Summerhill is a continuing success as a different kind of school.
e Summerhill challenged traditional views of what a school should be.
10 b Read the passage and answer the questions.
1 When was Summerhill founded
_____________________________________________________________________________
2 Where do students express their character
_____________________________________________________________________________
3 In which country did Neill’s ideas gain popularity
_____________________________________________________________________________
4 Who runs the school
_____________________________________________________________________________
5 What do parents and children value about Summerhill
_____________________________________________________________________________
6
UNIT 1 A new start
11 a Read the journal entry and answer the questions.
Thursday 8 October
I have just come back from a great school trip. Some of the activities were challenging, but
I really enjoyed it!
We went by bus to a sports camp out of town. As we drove, I viewed the impressive
countryside through the window. My first sight on arriving at the camp was seeing a big
group of students barn dancing. “That looks complicated, but fun!” I thought.
After we changed out of our school uniforms into sports clothes, we were taken to the
gym. Here, a teacher taught us how to do various difficult exercises. I struggled to do
some of them, but my friend Cara showed me how to do them. I still could not do them
well, but with Cara’s help, I did not stop trying.
After lunch, we could select a new sport or activity to learn. Cara chose to learn how to
skateboard. I thought it looked frightening, but she was really excited about it. I chose to
learn how to barn dance. At first, I could not figure out how the dancers remembered all
the moves, and I felt disappointed. Then I realised that a person at the front was calling
out each move. Everyone was dancing in pairs, and helping their partners to remember
what to do and where to go. I had a go, and I soon memorised them. I felt much happier!
By the end of the day, I was able to dance every dance! As the saying goes, “Practice makes
perfect!”
When the sports camp day finished, our teacher asked us to rate the experience. I gave it
10 out of 10!
1 Where did the student go on the school trip
_____________________________________________________________________________
2 What activity did the author try first
_____________________________________________________________________________
3 What activity did Cara try after lunch
_____________________________________________________________________________
4 How successful was the author at doing these activities
_____________________________________________________________________________
5 What did the author think about the sports camp
_____________________________________________________________________________
11 b Write a journal entry about a school trip experience you have had.
7
UNIT 1 A new startUNIT2 Exploring English
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1 Match the words with their definitions.
1 creativity a the place or moment where something comes into being
2 native b living in a particular country, area or city since birth
3 opposing c the name of a book, play, poem, film or other work of art
4 origin d the ability to make up new ideas or things using your imagination
5 sculpture e a work of art made out of a material, such as stone, metal or wood
6 title f competing against, fighting or arguing against someone else
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the word snake.
xmillionachartlsculptpuniquebconfusingrsteak
1 Some of the questions the teacher asked were very __________.
2 Please don’t bother me. I’ve got a __________ things to do before I leave.
3 Please enter your results on the __________ on the classroom wall.
4 My favourite dish is __________ and chips with peas on the side.
5 Michelangelo took two years to __________ his famous sculpture, David.
6 Salvador Dali had a __________ style of painting that no one could copy.
8
UNIT 2 Exploring English
3 Complete the dialogue with words from the reading passage on Student’s Book, pages
14–15. The first letter of each word has been given.
Amy: Hi Joe. Long time no see. What’s that you’re eating
Joe: This, Amy, is a Hawaiian pizza. It’s got 1h_____________ and 2p_____________ on
top. It’s delicious. Do you want to try a piece
Amy: Uh, no thanks. But it does look really interesting. Are you from Hawaii
Joe: No, I’m not. I’m a native of Australia and in my country this is the most popular
type of pizza. I sure miss this 3u_____________ taste. It reminds me of long, sunny
days on the beach!
Amy: I’ve never been to Australia. I’d love to go there someday.
Joe: Australia is nice but there are a million beautiful places to see in the world. But
changing the subject, did you hear about the big fire on campus yesterday They
say one of the science labs 4b_____________. Smoke is still 5v_____________, rising
up from the building.
Amy: Yeah, I heard about it from some other students. They think it was caused by an
electrical problem. Luckily, someone raised the 6a_____________ and fortunately no
one was hurt because everyone left the building quickly and calmly.
Joe: That’s just the sort of 7b_____________ that’s needed in a difficult situation. It
8r_____________ the school’s good training. Anyway, Amy, I’ve got a class to go to
now. See you around.
Amy: Bye bye, Joe. Take care of yourself.
9
UNIT 2 Exploring English
Using language
4 a Complete the sentences by combining two of the words in the box.
ache ball bag basket bed earth head home quake room school work
1 The boy had a bad __________ so his mother took him to see the doctor.
2 A strong __________ shook the city last month.
3 Jack is good at playing __________ because he is so tall.
4 May’s __________ was really heavy because she had a lot of books in it.
5 Jack’s __________ was very untidy so his father told him to clean it up.
6 Petra spends three hours each night doing her __________.
4 b Use a prefix or suffix to complete the sentences using the words in brackets.
1 Mandy is __________ because her car is out of gas. (happy)
2 Bob really __________ cheese. He can’t bear the smell. (like)
3 It is quite __________ that you do not wish to go out in this heavy rain. (understand)
4 The children’s __________ during the concert was excellent. (behave)
5 It is __________ for us to go hiking today. It is raining too heavily. (possible)
6 Stephen Hawking was a famous British __________. (science)
5 Complete the paragraph with the help of word formation.
The way we communicate is changing rapidly. While face-to-face 1______________ is
still the most popular way for people to communicate, other methods of staying in touch
are very common. These days, we seldom 2______________ our friends by making actual
phone calls – and if we do, they are usually very brief. Sending text messages is a quick
and easy way to let friends know what we’re doing. These messages often include
abbreviations such as 3______________, which stands for “by the way”. We also socialise
online, using 4______________ media. 5______________ is also popular communication
tool – this word is an abbreviation of “electronic mail”. These forms of communication all
use the Internet, 6______________ (“also known as”) the information superhighway!
10
UNIT 2 Exploring English
6 a Read the definitions and complete the crossword. The first letter of each word has been given.
1 u 2 a
3
a 4 p
5 c 6 v
7 o
8 c
Down
1 having no knowledge or experience of something
2 suitable for a particular time, situation or purpose
5 to write to someone or call them on the telephone
6 all the words in a particular language
Across
3 a set of rooms to live in, usually on one floor of a large building (AmE)
4 fuel for cars and other vehicles (BrE)
7 a group such as a club or business formed of people who have a particular shared purpose or interest
8 the words that come just before or after a word or sentence and that help you understand its meaning
6 b Match the words and expression with the sentences (two are extra).
1 She uses this handheld tool to text her friends. (AmE) a subway
2 This is a type of home, usually with all the rooms on the b mostly
same floor. (BrE) c cellphone
3 This happens when you meet a friend by chance. d come across
4 This refers to a situation when something is probably going e likely
to happen. f flat
5 This is true in general. g combine
6 This is an extra feature of a product. h addition
6 c Work in pairs. Talk about the words you know that have different meanings in American and
British English.
11
UNIT 2 Exploring English
7 a Listen and complete the lecture notes.
Australian English is famous for 1__________________.
Some examples of short forms in Australian English are:
a G’day = 2__________________
b Australians call themselves 3__________________.
c ARL an abbreviation for 4__________________.
d Parents = 5__________________, a sign of friendship
e 6__________________ may be shortened to “Arvo”.
Australian English slang terms and their meanings:
Slang Term Meaning
1 Yabber 7__________________
2 Ripper 8__________________
3 Fair Dinkum 9__________________
4 Give it a burl 10__________________
7 b Work with a partner. What do you find most interesting or surprising about the Australian
expressions Do you know any other Australian expressions
12
UNIT 2 Exploring English
Developing ideas
8 Match the words with their definitions.
1 boot a a type of shoe that covers your whole foot and part of your leg
2 downstairs b something bad that happens to you
3 downtown c something you can use to help you achieve something
4 exit d on a lower floor of a building, especially the ground floor
5 misadventure e in or near the centre of a town or city, especially the business or
6 odd shopping areas
7 resource f the opposite of entrance
g unusual or strange
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in the box (one expression
is extra).
be aware of burn down have a frog in one’s throat
play safe spend time wind up wonder at
1 He intended to go out for dinner, but the meeting ___________ an hour late.
2 I recognise him because he has ___________ playing basketball here before.
3 The policewoman told us about the downtown restaurant that ___________ in the big fire
last night.
4 It is best to ___________ and not make any negative comments about her new dress!
5 It is hard not to ___________ the beauty of a newborn baby.
6 James caught a bad cold and his voice sounded as though he ___________.
10 a Read the passage and answer the questions.
The differences between American and British English have developed over the centuries.
These differences are more than simply spelling and using different words for the same
thing. They include using the same word in different ways and special phrases.
Take the word “football”, for example. The British Broadcasting Corporation, or BBC,
says that for British people, as for most people in the world, this word means a very
popular game played with a round ball. But in America this word actually means a sport
played with an egg-shaped ball. They call the round ball game “soccer”. Similarly, the
Americans eat potato chips as a snack, while the British eat crisps. Take, for instance, the
well-known British dish, fish and chips, in which the chips are long pieces of fried potato.
Americans call these French fries!
Another word that has almost opposite meanings for American and British people is
“quite”. For Americans this word means something like “very”. So, when an American
13
UNIT 2 Exploring English
says “It’s quite hot today,” she means that it is extremely warm. But for British people
“quite” means “a little bit”. If a British person tells you something is “quite good”, they
actually mean it is not that great! Such differences can lead to misunderstandings.
British and American people also use different special phrases. British people talk about
“a drop in the bucket” when Americans say “a drop in the ocean” – both mean a small
amount of something that makes no difference to something much larger. Another phrase
that can cause a problem in conversation is “I don’t mind”. If a British person is asked if
they want coffee or tea, they might reply “I don’t mind”, meaning either is fine. But an
American might answer “I don’t care”, which sounds very impolite to a British person’s
ears!
Choose the sentence that best describes the author’s purpose for writing the passage.
a To make sure that there are no misunderstandings between speakers of British and American
English.
b To introduce the many ways in which British and American English are different.
c To prove that British English is more popular than American English.
d To show that special phrases in British English usually have different meanings to those in
American English.
10 b Complete the table using information from the passage.
British English American English Comments
football 1__________ In American, football is played
with an 2__________ ball.
3__________ chips Fish and 4__________ is a
5 traditional British dish.chips __________
quite 6__________ If a British person thinks a book
is quite good, he thinks it is
7__________.
a drop in the 8__________ a drop in the 9__________ These two expressions mean
the same thing.
I don’t mind I don’t care “I don’t care” can sound
very 10__________ to a British
person.
14
UNIT 2 Exploring English
11 a Complete the sentences according to the Chinese in brackets.
1 I was really surprised when I first went to the United States because, as a British person who
speaks English, I did not expect to have any __________________ （交流上的问题）.
2 I arrived in New York and took a taxi to go to my hotel. But the first driver __________________（ 听
不懂我的口音）, so I had to find another.
3 __________________ （我去一家餐馆吃早饭）, but I didn’t understand how to order from the
menu.
4 There were too many choices! The waitress got annoyed with me because I was too slow and
finally I left __________________ （什么也没吃）.
5 I went to a supermarket, bought some apples, __________________ （带回房间吃）.
6 Turning on the TV, I met the same problem as before – too many choices. _____________________
（有 300 多个电视节目）.
11 b Use the sentences above to help you write a letter to a friend describing what happened to
the British man when he first visited New York.
15
UNIT 2 Exploring EnglishUNIT3 Family matters
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1 Match the words with their definitions.
1 career a someone whose job is to provide advice and services about the law
2 conflict b a series of related events that make up the main story of a book,
3 curtain film, etc
4 gap c right for a particular purpose, person or situation
5 lawyer d a job that you spend a lot of your working life doing
6 plot e angry disagreement between people or groups
7 setting f a large piece of cloth that is pulled up or down to show or cover
8 suitable the stage in a theatre
g a particular time or place in which a play, film, book, etc happens
h a large difference between things or groups
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box (one word is extra).
approach assume character comic court generation relate respect studio
1 Martin and Mabel both lived abroad as children, so they’ve always found it easy to __________ to
different cultures.
2 Children usually enjoy reading __________ books with short stories and exciting pictures.
3 Sam looks up to and __________ his grandparents, because they always help others in need.
4 We heard the train __________ before we saw it.
5 Our family has lived in this house for four __________.
6 She __________ that the shops would be open on Sunday as usual, but she was mistaken.
7 The new film has an exciting plot and likeable __________.
8 The two companies managed to settle their disagreement out of __________.
16
UNIT 3 Family matters
3 Complete the profile with the correct form of the words from the reading passage on
Student’s Book, pages 26–27. The first letter of each word has been given.
Archie McMurray is a highly successful 1p_____________ tennis player. He has won many
big matches, including two national competitions, and is widely seen as one of the best
players of his generation. However, he did not originally plan to follow a 2c__________ in
sport. He actually wanted to be an actor!
Archie says that his family 3a__________ he would become a sportsman like his father,
Hamish, who was a famous 4f__________ star in the 1980s. Archie was good at physical
activities and showed great 5t__________ for sports from an early age. But, he was secretly
much more interested in the theatre.
“I loved going to see plays,” remembers Archie, “and I spent all of my free time watching
the actors prepare for their roles on stage. In fact, I spent so much time at the theatre that
I began to 6i__________ my studies and my grades dropped.”
“Finally, my dad noticed and had a quiet 7c__________ with me. He explained that being
an actor was certainly an 8o__________ for the future, but that I needed to 9f__________
on my schoolwork now.”
Archie listened to his father’s advice and did well in his studies. By the time he left school,
he had decided that while acting was something he could always do for fun, it was not a
full-time job for him. He realised that he was more 10s__________ to playing tennis and
started to win youth events. Since then he has never regretted his decision to be a tennis
player, although he does sometimes find time to take part in plays in local theatres.
17
UNIT 3 Family matters
Using language
4 a Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.
am doing gave goes haven’t made told will travel
1 We __________ dinner yet and it’s almost 10 pm!
2 Max __________ me a bright orange T-shirt for my birthday last week.
3 Our family __________ on holiday to the beach every summer.
4 “Don’t disturb me now. I __________ my homework.”
5 Mum and I __________ to Wuhan by train early tomorrow morning.
6 Grandma visited us yesterday, and __________ us her stories about growing up in a small village.
4 b Choose the correct tenses to complete the sentences.
1 Who do you message / are you messaging now
2 I take / am taking the bus to school at 7:45 every morning.
3 We watched / have watched a very funny film last night.
4 After I won first prize in the debating competition, my friend Jane gave / will give me a huge box
of chocolates.
5 Susan can’t wait to see her cousin next week, because she hasn’t seen / didn’t see him since he
went to China five years ago.
6 Will you read / Are you reading this book before the next lesson
5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
I 1______________ (want) to be a doctor since I 2______________ (be) a young girl. I often
3______________ (play) “hospitals” with my toys, and I was always the doctor!
At high school, I 4______________ (focus) on science subjects. Then I 5______________ (go)
to a top university to study medicine. It takes such a long time to complete the course – it
6______________ (last) six years already.
Time flies, though! I 7______________ (graduate) next year and I 8______________ (plan)
to start working in a children’s hospital.
18
UNIT 3 Family matters
6 a Find the words in the word search grid. The definitions have been given.
B E A R D E P Q P D V A 1 hair that grows on a man’s face and cheeks
S Q U A R E H S T M N P 2 very thick, usually used to describe hair
C H E E K B B M Q Z E O 3 the soft round part on each side of your face
E Q Z M Y X U O J E F N below your eyes
E P T N J X S O Y Y V Y 4 small brown spots on your skin
S P A F P D H T X A C T 5 the lower part of your face that includes your
L A N R O S Y H M Q S A bottom teeth
I L N H G J A W E E R I 6 (of a person’s skin) lighter in colour than usual
M E E F R E C K L E S L 7 long hair that is tied at the back of your head and
F S D Q G D S C I T D R hangs down
8 pink in colour
9 forming a 90° angle, or being close to this
10 thin in a good way
11 completely even with no parts sticking out
12 having dark skin because of spending time out in
the sun
6 b Match the words with the sentences (two are extra).
1 The show is running in the West End at the moment. a affect
2 We intend to reach the house by five o’clock at the latest. b aim
3 The meeting takes place on the first Monday of every month. c currently
4 Mr and Mrs Feng celebrated their 60th wedding anniversary last d observe
month. e memory
5 Today, many people make payments with their smartphones. f nowadays
6 Robert’s love for his daughter is very strong. g regularly
7 If you do not sleep well at night, you will concentrate badly during h responsible
the day. i strength
8 Dan is the person who is in charge of buying the food for the party. j jogging
7 a Listen to the conversation between Rick and Sally and answer the questions.
1 What two things did Rick borrow from his sister, Sally
_____________________________________________________________________________
2 Why did Rick borrow Sally’s laptop at the wrong time
_____________________________________________________________________________
3 What does Rick ask Sally to lend him
_____________________________________________________________________________
4 How many times did Rick ask his mum for money
_____________________________________________________________________________
5 Sally calls Rick “forgetful”. How many things does Rick forget What are they
_____________________________________________________________________________
6 Are Sally and Rick still keep a close relationship at the end How can you tell
_____________________________________________________________________________
7 b Work in pairs and retell what happened with the help of the questions in Activity 7a.
19
UNIT 3 Family matters
Developing ideas
8 Match the words with their definitions.
1 admire a to stop someone from taking part in an activity or competition
2 athlete because they have broken the rules
3 disqualify b someone who is good at sports, especially running and jumping
4 entire c a set of similar events that follow one after another
5 medal d the Internet, newspapers, radio, television etc
6 media e to have a feeling of great respect for someone or something
7 series f a piece of ground used for running or racing
8 track g a flat decoration, usually made of gold, that you are given for
winning a competition
h all or every part of something
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in the box (one expression is
extra).
compete against be proud of cooperate with focus on
in the lead now and then settle for
1 I don’t often see my aunt, but she comes to visit me in London every ___________.
2 The man agreed to ___________ the police in their investigation.
3 Our discussion today will mainly ___________ the issue of global warming.
4 You will be ___________ the seven other teams for the gold medal.
5 Her parents ___________ her when she came first in the story writing competition.
6 Illness of its star player meant the team had to ___________ the silver medal.
10 a Match the paragraphs with their main ideas.
1 It is the final of the 2017 Australian Open match for women. The number one tennis
player in the world has a match point to win the game and become the champion.
She looks across to her competitor, throws the ball high in the air and then hits it
hard and fast. After several returns, the other player hits the ball, but it goes out of
bounds. She has won the point and the match! After resting a moment, the winner
walks over to hug her competitor – her sister. Her name is Serena Williams and her
sister is called Venus Williams.
2 Venus and Serena are perhaps the most successful sporting sisters of all time. They
come from the United States of America. Venus was born in 1980 and Serena was
born the following year. When they were very young, their father decided that they
would be professional tennis players. They joined a famous tennis academy in 1991,
and trained thirty hours a week throughout the next three and a half years.
3 Their hard work paid off when Venus and Serena turned professional and started
winning tennis matches and earning millions of dollars. They began to compete
20
UNIT 3 Family matters
against each other as well as the other leading female tennis stars. For many years,
they dominated tennis, leading the media to call this period “the Williams sisters” era.
4 Being enormously competitive has brought the sisters closer together. They remain
close friends off the court and can often be seen supporting each other at tennis
matches. They do not enjoy playing against each other because each sister hates to
see the other lose. Despite wanting to win, their love for each other is obviously the
most important thing to the two Williams sisters. Once asked how it feels to play
against her sister compared with competing against others, Venus replied, “There
sure is a difference because I always want the best for Serena. As the older sister
who took care of her, I still look out for Serena on the court – yet I’m trying to get
the win myself.”
a As teenagers the Williams sisters trained long and hard to become professional tennis players.
b Successful and loving sisters find it tough to compete against each other.
c Serena Williams won the final of the 2017 Australian Open match for women.
d Long and hard training brought success to the Williams sisters.
10 b Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1 Who played against each other in the 2017 Australian Open women’s final
_____________________________________________________________________________
2 How old were Venus and Serena when they joined tennis academy
_____________________________________________________________________________
3 Why did the media call the period “the Williams sisters” era
_____________________________________________________________________________
4 How does Venus feel about playing against Serena
_____________________________________________________________________________
11 a Read the article and complete the diagrams with information from the passage.
Many years ago, I visited my grandmother in the countryside. When I got there, she was
looking through some things in a large, old box. The box contained books, some clothes
and other bits and pieces. She called this her “memory box” and said that it reminded her
of things that she sometimes forgot. She showed me some photographs of her as a girl
playing on the beach with some other girls. They all looked very young and happy. I asked
who the girls were.
She looked at the photos and smiled. Then the smile became happy laughter. Although I
didn’t understand why she was laughing, I was glad to see her so happy.
Still with a smile on her face, my grandmother told me that the photos reminded her of
her best friends from school and the fun they had together. It was more than sixty years
since they had taken these photos, yet the happy details of that day were so vivid that it
21
UNIT 3 Family matters
seemed only yesterday. “Memories are powerful and all you have left when you’re an old
woman like me”, she explained. “But you must stay positive,” she added. Then she gently
put everything back in the box and placed it carefully under her bed.
When I left my grandmother’s home, I decided that I too would start keeping my own
memory box. I realised how important it was to remember the people who brought you
happiness in the past. The first thing I put in my memory box was a little note I wrote
about this day, as this is indeed a valuable gift from my grandmother.
A family memory
Who When Where What Why
__________ __________ __________ When I I realised how
__________ __________ __________ got there, important it
__________ __________ __________ ________ was ________
__________ __________ __________ ____________
________
____________
________ ____________
____________
________
11 b Write your own journal entry about a special family memory using some of the expressions
from the passage above.
22
UNIT 3 Family mattersUNIT4 Friends forever
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1 Match the words with their definitions.
1 abandon a to like or want something more than something else
2 familiar b to take something, especially goods or letters, to a place
3 deliver c to usually do a particular thing
4 illustrate d well known to you or easily recognised by you
5 persuade e to make the meaning of something clearer by giving examples
6 prefer f to show that something is true, especially by providing facts and
7 prove information
8 tend g to make someone agree to do something by giving them reasons
why they should
h to stop having a particular idea, belief or attitude
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the word snake.
clickynetworkingldiagrampdigitalbenablekupdateswsignificantlydforever
1 Better wi-fi services is __________ more users to have live conversations online.
2 Our online business has grown __________ in the last five years thanks to new markets.
3 To send the message, simply __________ on the “send” button.
4 Recent weather __________ are predicting strong winds and heavy rain.
5 She joined a social __________ site in order to meet new people.
6 The teacher drew a __________ to explain the problem to the students.
7 Today, most people have __________ cameras on their phones, as well as many apps.
8 The happy couple promised to love each other __________.
23
UNIT 4 Friends forever
3 Complete the article with correct form of words and expressions from the reading passages
on Student’s Book, pages 38–39. The first letter of each word and expression has been given.
1A________ in online communication have brought us convenience, but they have also
made it easier than ever for cyberbullies to attack their victims. One of those victims was
15-year-old Jonny.
“I had just started my life at senior high when someone from school started sending me
horrible messages. They used a different name, but wrote mean things about what I said
and did in class. They even threatened to tell my new friends lies about me.”
Troubled by such messages, Jonny was anxious and couldn’t 2m________ his good grades.
He even began to 3l________ football practice sessions.
Jonny’s friends started to notice his 4u________ behaviours. But when they asked what
was wrong, he simply replied, “Nothing.”
Then, the cyberbully posted some horrible comments about Jonny’s photos on a social
media 5s________. Feeling deeply hurt, Jonny turned off his 6w________ and hid in his
room. Later, there was a knock on the door: his best friends, Sarah and Dan, had posted
comments of their own, telling the cyberbully to leave Jonny alone.
They helped Jonny record the cyberbully’s messages to report to a teacher, and helped
set his social media page to “friends and family only”, so that those bullies couldn’t
7a________ his personal information. They also organised activities on campus, aiming to
stop cyberbullying from happening again.
8T________ his friends, Jonny is now looking forward to the next step in his senior high
adventure – and to playing football again!
24
UNIT 4 Friends forever
Using language
4 a Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 This is the nurse who / which looked after Pippa when she was in hospital.
2 Please pass me the bread knife that / who is on the table.
3 These are the shoes which / whose I am thinking of buying.
4 Help is needed for families whose / who homes were destroyed by the flood.
5 This is a story that / who every child will enjoy.
6 I don’t know which / who is responsible for the mess.
4 b Connect the sentences with that, which, who, whom or whose.
7 Kate is a doctor. She treats children with serious illnesses.
________________________________________________________________________________
8 This is an interesting TV programme. The programme is about wild animals in the Amazon.
________________________________________________________________________________
9 This is a book about a boy. His parents moved to Canada from India when he was a baby.
________________________________________________________________________________
10 Over there is the man. I was talking about this man a few moments ago.
________________________________________________________________________________
11 She has found the handbag. A woman left her handbag on the bus.
________________________________________________________________________________
12 I recently met a professor. He teaches physics at the university.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 Complete the paragraph with the words in the box.
that which who whom whose
Taking yoga classes is a great way to keep fit and make new friends. Yoga is a form of
stretching exercise 1______________ enables your muscles to grow strong and your mind
to relax. People 2______________ practise yoga every week say they are calmer and less
anxious than before they took up the activity. There are people of all ages, shapes and sizes
for 3______________ yoga can be of great help – even for older people 4______________
bodies are less strong. Doing yoga helps reduce stiffness and makes you feel healthier. In
addition, yoga classes are a great place to meet new people and make friends as yoga is
an activity 5______________ everyone can enjoy, whether at beginner or advanced level. If
you are interested in a yoga class, just visit our website and give it a go!
25
UNIT 4 Friends forever
6 a Read the definitions and complete the crossword. The first letter of each word has been given.
1 v
2 r
3 p 4 t
5 d 6 s
7 q
8 p
Down
1 a form of something that is different from the original or other forms
4 a young person between the ages of 13 and 19
6 a thin and wide piece of food that has been cut from something larger
Across
2 a set of instructions for cooking or preparing food
3 a deep round container used for cooking food
5 to act in a way to show that someone or something is not connected to you
7 a feature of a person’s character, especially something positive
8 to make water come out of a container you are holding in a controlled way
6 b Match the words with the sentences (one word is extra).
1 Peter is someone whom I can always depend on to tell the a comfort
truth. b encouragement
2 Judy is a nice girl who likes to share her things with her c generosity
friends. d helpfulness
3 My father always cooks delicious food to make me feel e humour
better when I’m sad. f passion
4 Mika loves the theatre very much and goes to see all the g patience
plays that come to town. h trust
5 My friend Katy told me not to be afraid and just take the
chance to realise my dream.
6 Harvey often gives useful advice to other people to solve
their problems.
7 Lola always waits for her turn to speak during discussions
and never interrupts others.
26
UNIT 4 Friends forever
7 a Listen and complete the suggestions. Tick the ones that Ben accepts.
Jane’s suggestions:
a Why not take Gina to the 1____________________ in the city
b How about taking Gina to the 2____________________ for some local food
c Have you thought about 3____________________ on the river
d Perhaps you could show Gina the 4____________________, the 5____________________
and the parks.
e You should take Gina to the Sky Tower and 6____________________ of the city.
7 b Work in pairs and role-play the conversation.
27
UNIT 4 Friends forever
Developing ideas
8 Match the words with their definitions.
1 atmosphere a not different or special in any way
2 correspond b the type of person you are, based on the way you act, think and feel
3 ordinary c the feeling that an event or place gives you
4 location d a friendly expression used by one man talking to another man he
5 partner is close to
6 personality e to write letters to each other regularly
7 postpone f a part of a story in which things happen in the same place or time
8 scene g a place where someone or something is or where something happens
h to change the date or time of a planned event or action to a later
one
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in the box (one expression
is extra).
be worth it hear from leave work make one’s fortune
turn up work out ought to
1 The show was expensive, but it ___________ to see the wonderful performances.
2 It’s a huge pack of documents and I can’t ___________ where to start!
3 Last night, my brother ___________ at my place unexpectedly.
4 She had ___________ from developing technology by the age of 35.
5 If you often feel sad or anxious, you ___________ seek professional help – there is nothing to be
ashamed of.
6 I have not ___________ my friend George for ages.
10 a Match the paragraphs with their main ideas.
1 Once upon a time there were two friends who were walking across a desert. Walking
in the sun, they were hot and thirsty, and ended up in an argument. In anger, one
man pushed the other. Then man who was pushed, although he fell over, did not
react. Instead, he just smiled bitterly and wrote in the sand the words, “I am hurt
today because my friend pushed me over.”
2 T he two men continued walking without speaking to each other, until they came to
a quiet place which had a pond surrounded by trees. They decided to bathe in the
cool, clear water. Suddenly, the man who had been pushed over started struggling in
the water. The other man swam to save him. After he was saved, the man wrote on
a stone, “I am happy today because I was saved by my friend.”
3 T he other man asked him, “Why did you write in the sand when I pushed you but
write on the stone when I saved you ”
28
UNIT 4 Friends forever
4 T he man smiled and replied, “I wrote in sand when you hurt me because soon those
words will be gone with the wind. I wrote on stone when you saved me so that those
words will last forever.”
a A man explained that he wanted to forget bad things his friend had done and remember only
good things.
b A man was saved by his friend and he wrote what happened on a stone.
c A man was pushed over by his friend during an argument and he wrote about it in the sand.
d A man questions why his friend had written different words on different materials.
10 b Underline the restrictive attributive clauses in the story.
11 a Read Hal and Jim’s story and complete the table to design a possible ending.
In the dark days of the Second World War, there were two friends. Best friends, in fact, and
their names were Hal Smith and Jim Jones. They liked to meet up in the restaurant of the
Grand Hotel, because it was one of the few places left in the city where they could forget
about the war for a few hours.
Hal Smith was a tall and handsome man who was twenty-five years old. He was strong
and brave and worked as a firefighter. Jim Jones was the same age, but he was short and
plain and not brave at all. He was scared of high places and loud noises, and he liked
things to be logical so that he could make sense of them.
The year was 1940. London was a dangerous place to be. Bombs fell and whole buildings
disappeared overnight. Hal was very busy putting out fires. Jim was afraid to stay out after
dark and always hurried home from the office.
One cold evening, Jim was preparing to leave work when there was a loud knock on
the office door. Opening it, he was surprised to see a firefighter standing outside. The
firefighter asked him if he was a friend of Hal Smith.
“Yes. He’s my best friend,” Jim replied. “Why ”
“There’s a fire at the Grand Hotel. Hal went in there to help, and now he is badly hurt.
Come quickly – there’s no time to lose!”
He rushed down the dark street after the firefighter. He could see the sky glowing over the
burning hotel. He was afraid. But he needed to see Hal.
As he hurried through the dark streets, he remembered Hal’s words: “When the war is
over, we’ll meet here at the Grand Hotel every Christmas. For old times’ sake!”
Jim was worried. Would they ever meet each other again at Christmas
29
UNIT 4 Friends forever
What do the underlined words describe in Characters:
the story Settings:
Actions:
What type of ending will it be
Why do you think the firefighter asked Jim to
come with him
What do you think has happened to Hal
What will Jim do
How will the story end
11 b Write your own ending to the story. Use at least five of the underlined words in the story.
30
UNIT 4 Friends foreverUNIT5 Into the wild
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1 Match the words and expression with their definitions.
1 annual a anything that lives except plants
2 charity b at the end of a process or period of time in which many things happen
3 creature c a way to solve a problem or deal with a bad situation
4 effect d an organisation that helps others
5 eventually e happening once a year
6 flow chart f to communicate with one another and react to one another, often
7 interact while performing an activity together
8 solution g a change that is caused by an action or event
h a drawing that uses shapes and lines to show how the different
stages in a process are connected to each other
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.
Atlantic destroy determine measure per cent position seek whale
1 The committee was asked to __________ the cost of establishing a new nature park.
2 Half the world’s rainforests have already been __________.
3 The blue __________ is the largest living creature in the world.
4 Deserts make up more than thirty __________ of the Earth’s land surface.
5 The __________ Ocean separates North America from Europe and Africa.
6 Place the plant in a bright sunny __________ so that it gets enough light.
7 Scientists spent years __________ an explanation for the Monarch Butterfly’s behaviour.
8 For our project, we __________ the pollution produced by traffic on the roads near our school.
31
UNIT 5 Into the wild
3 Complete the article with words from the reading passage on Student’s Book, pages 50–51.
The first letter of each word has been given.
Imagine coming home from a long day at school feeling tired. You open the door and
suddenly a large 1c________ jumps up at you, making lots of noise. Laughing, you give
your friend a hug. He is your dog and you love each other.
Dogs are often called “man’s best friend”. People have lived with dogs for thousands of
years and they have become our closest animal partners.
Because humans and dogs have lived together for so long, we have had a great effect on
each other. Dogs helped early humans 2s________ in the wild. 3E________, dogs became
our pets. Some people even treat their dogs like their children.
Recently, scientific research was conducted by some 4p________ at Emory University to
5d________ if dogs preferred being given food or praise. They trained 15 dogs to connect
different coloured objects with different results: a blue toy meant they received praise; a
pink toy meant a food reward; a brown hairbrush meant the dogs received nothing. The
final test results showed that the dogs ignored the brown hairbrush completely but two of
the dogs were found to clearly prefer food over praise, with the other 13 wanted the blue
and pink toys (praise and food) to the same degree!
Dogs are not just pets but are also used for many important purposes. For example,
some are trained to help guide blind people, while some are trained by the police to smell
dangerous 6c________. Other dogs may be used to 7s________ people who have become
lost in the mountains. Dogs are even used to help young children learn. Simply having a
dog sitting next to a child improves the child’s confidence with skills such as reading.
Dogs are truly 8a________ animals.
32
UNIT 5 Into the wild
Using language
4 a Complete the sentences with the relative adverbs in the box.
when where why
1 I’ll never forget the day __________ I saw a fox running across our street.
2 A waterhole is a place __________ animals gather to drink and cool down.
3 To see elephants and lions in their natural habitat is often the reason __________ people visit
South Africa.
4 The best time to see the birds is early morning __________ they are searching for food.
5 Hunting and pollution are two reasons __________ whales are endangered.
6 They are photographing cranes on the small island __________ they make a stop on their annual
migration south.
4 b Connect the sentences with the relative adverbs when, where or why.
1 Human beings are cutting down trees in the rainforest. For this reason, many creatures are
losing their natural habitat.
________________________________________________________________________________
2 Polar bears spend most of their time in particular parts of the Arctic Ocean. Here, they can
hunt seals.
________________________________________________________________________________
3 The couple enjoy taking a walk. At this time of day, the setting sun colours the sky red.
________________________________________________________________________________
4 Sea turtles travel thousands of miles to the beach. They lay their eggs there.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 There is an increasing human population in forest areas. For this reason, tiger numbers are declining.
________________________________________________________________________________
6 The season is autumn. In autumn, you can see many birds migrating south for the winter.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 Complete the paragraph with the correct relative adverb.
Glacier Bay, Alaska, is one of the best places in the world 1______________ you can sail
out the ocean to see whales in their natural environment. Our guide told us that the
best time of day to see humpback or minke whales is 2______________ they are most
active – that is, in the morning or early evening. He took us to an area of the ocean
3______________ humpback whales had recently been spotted. But that day we failed to
find any whales. The guide explained that the reason 4______________ seeing a whale isn’t
33
UNIT 5 Into the wild
certain is simply because nature is unpredictable. The next day, we went to a different
place 5______________ another group of whale watchers had reported seeing a family
of minke whales. It was late morning when we got there, but we arrived in time to see a
mother and her two babies playing around in the sea and steams of warm air being forced
out of their lungs. It was amazing to see these gentle giants and a sight which I will never
forget. This is the reason 6______________ we went there!
6 a Match the descriptions with the animal idioms.
1 When it is raining so heavily that you would get wet a as busy as a bee
through immediately if you went outside. b hold your horses
2 When people do what they want and have fun if c It’s raining cats and dogs.
someone in authority is not there. d kill two birds with one stone
3 When you have so many things to do that you e When the cat’s away, the mice
cannot stop even for a moment. will play.
4 When you can achieve two aims with a single action.
5 When you need to wait for a while before doing
something.
6 b Find the words in the word search grid. The definitions have been given.
V T J B U C R M X N M I D 1 a place for someone to stay, live or work in
A V C U U I B Z H G E I E 2 the power to make decisions or tell others
A C C O M M O D A T I O N what to do
A U T H O R I T Y J G W Y 3 to say that you did not do something that
Q O F O U N E U T I A F F someone else said you had done
U E Z U A E M F Q U Y I U 4 to start an organisation or company
A Q S O U R C E R A T O M 5 a person, place or thing that provides
H C P O V A R E D R P B G something you need or want
J O U A Z Z B N V T W F V
7 a Listen and complete the interview notes.
Should animals be used in sports
Name Yes / No Reasons
Joe We have used animals for different purposes for 1____________________.
Using animals in sports for 2____________________ is no different.
34
UNIT 5 Into the wild
Name Yes / No Reasons
Tim People love seeing these impressive creatures 3____________________
and jumping.
It is lovely to see humans and animals 1____________________ each
other and working together.
Violet Sporting animals often suffer from uncomfortable conditions with
5____________________ food and water.
After their sporting days are over they often become
6____________________ as people do not know how to take care of
them properly.
Gina In dog competitions the dogs must look their 7____________________
and show many skills.
To perform well, sporting animals need to be given
8____________________ and care.
7 b Imagine you are phoning the radio show. Introduce yourself and give your opinion on the
topic of using animals in sports.
35
UNIT 5 Into the wild
Developing ideas
8 Match the words with their definitions.
1 encounter a to meet someone or something unexpectedly
2 freeze b to stop moving suddenly and stay completely still and quiet
3 habitat c an area of land, often considered beautiful to look at
4 landscape d the natural home of a plant or animal
5 path e a way from one place to another that people can walk along
6 reward f the feeling of being very surprised by something, usually in a
7 shock negative way
8 stare g something good that happens to you or which you receive because
of something you have done
h to look at something very directly for a long time
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in the box (one expression
is extra).
after all be famous for solution to recover from
concentrate on show respect to manage to
1 The photographer ___________ his amazing images of unusual animals in the wild.
2 She should not be working so hard – ___________, she is 70 years old.
3 I have not fully ___________ the flu I had last week.
4 The teacher told him to stop talking and ___________ his work.
5 It is important that we ___________ our parents and the elderly.
6 The student ___________ answer the puzzle that no mathematician had been able to solve.
10 a Match the paragraphs with related information.
1 B eavers are large rodents that live on both land and water. They are brown in colour
and have very sharp front teeth, which they use for biting wood.
2 B eavers live in family groups consisting of a male, a female and their cubs. Their
homes, called “lodges”, are made of mud and branches. These are usually found in
streams and have hidden, underground entrances for protection. The beaver’s food
includes tree bark, twigs and leaves.
3 O n land, beavers move in an awkward fashion and do not look very comfortable.
But in water they swim powerfully and gracefully, using their large back feet and
paddle-like tails. They can stay under water for up to 15 minutes and their fur is
waterproof.
4 B eavers are famous for being busy creatures and may be seen building and repairing
their homes throughout the year. The reason why they make dams is to protect
themselves against other wild animals that might eat them.
36
UNIT 5 Into the wild
5 T he thick forests of Europe and North America are where beavers can be found. In
the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, however, these creatures were widely hunted
for their fur, which was used to make beaver skin hats. As a result, they nearly
became extinct. Fortunately, from the mid-nineteenth century onwards, beavers were
protected, the fur trade declined and their numbers have now recovered.
6 T he beaver is today the national symbol of Canada. This is the reason why it was
used as the mascot for the 1976 Olympic Games held in Montreal, Quebec.
a the habitat of beavers and what they eat
b how beavers swim in water
c beavers’ appearance
d the reason why beavers make dams
e the national symbol of Canada
f the reason why beavers were hunted in the 18th and 19th centuries
10 b Read the passage again and work out the meanings of the words in bold.
1 The beaver’s food includes tree bark, twigs and leaves.
____________________________________________________________________________________
2 But in water they swim powerfully and gracefully, using their large back feet and paddle-like tails.
____________________________________________________________________________________
3 However, from the mid-nineteenth century onwards beavers were protected, the fur trade declined
and their numbers have now recovered.
____________________________________________________________________________________
4 This is the reason why it was used as the mascot for the 1976 Olympic Games held in Montreal,
Quebec.
____________________________________________________________________________________
11 a Read the passage and answer the questions.
Kay: So, Chris, let’s review what we have learnt about our animal – the bald eagle.
Firstly, how did it get its unusual name
Chris: The bald eagle isn’t actually bald, meaning hairless. It gets its name from the fact
that its white head stands out against its dark brown body, so when you observe
the bird from a distance it makes it appear bald.
Kay: Interesting. So how big is this bird
Chris: The bird’s body is not that big. It stands around one metre tall and has a weight of
about three to six kilogrammes. But what is really amazing is its huge wings. These
really are a unique feature. From one end to the other, they reach more than two
metres. It’s no wonder the bald eagle can fly at a speed of 150 kilometres per hour!
Kay: Cool. And what about the bald eagle’s habitat
Chris: It is found only in North America. It lives in forests that are near rivers or lakes,
and mostly lives alone.
37
UNIT 5 Into the wild
Kay: You mentioned the bird lives near rivers or lakes. Why is that
Chris: It is because the main source of its diet is fish. Its food also includes smaller birds
and small animals like rabbits.
Kay: So what else have we learnt about this bird
Chris: It used to be under threat because of hunting and pollution of the rivers. Its
population declined greatly. But since the 1970s, the bald eagle’s population has
begun to recover. Today, there are more than 10,000 bald eagles in North America.
Kay: That’s great to hear. Finally, I know that the bald eagle is a symbol of the United
States. Can you tell me more about that
Chris: The bald eagle became the national symbol of the US in 1782. It was chosen
because of its long life, great strength and impressive appearance.
Kay: Right, Chris. I think we have enough information to write our fact file about the
bald eagle…
1 Why was the bald eagle given its name
____________________________________________________________________________________
2 What is the bald eagle’s unique feature
____________________________________________________________________________________
3 What is the bald eagle’s natural habitat
____________________________________________________________________________________
4 What is the bald eagle’s major food source
____________________________________________________________________________________
5 Why did the bald eagle used to be in danger
____________________________________________________________________________________
6 Why was the bald eagle chosen as the national symbol of the US
____________________________________________________________________________________
11 b Write a short description of the bald eagle using the information in Activity 11a. Do more
research to find out more about it.
38
UNIT 5 Into the wildUNIT6 At one with nature
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1 Match the words with their definitions.
1 agriculture a a scientific theory or basic natural law that explains the way in which
2 beauty something works
3 crop b a plant such as wheat, rice, that is grown for food, usually on a farm
4 dynasty c the ability to make good decisions based on knowledge and
5 principle experience
6 shallow d not deep, with only a short distance from the top or surface to the
7 spot bottom
8 wisdom e a period of time during which members of the same family rule a
country or region
f the quality of being very attractive to look at
g the work, business, or study of farming
h a particular place or area, especially a pleasant place where you
spend time
2 Complete the sentences with the correct words in the word snake.
rsheetpwrappedlfrostnregionsksoilcharmonytdesignedz
1 The dry rocky __________ is unsuitable for planting apple trees.
2 After the heavy rains the fields were covered with a __________ of water.
3 The Golden Gate Bridge was __________ by Joseph Strauss.
4 We woke up to see the bushes covered with a layer of white __________.
5 The new law was passed to promote social and racial __________ between the different groups of
people living there.
6 This is one of the poorest __________ in the country.
7 He __________ up the presents carefully and placed them under the Christmas tree.
39
UNIT 6 At one with nature
3 Complete the article with words from the reading passages on Student’s Book, pages 62–63.
The first letter of each word has been given.
Deep in the thick forest of Papua, a 1r________ of Indonesia, lives a special group of
people called the Korowai. These people live among the trees in the forest in 2h________
with nature. They were unknown to the outside world until the 1970s, and their way of
living has not changed for generations.
The Korowai people build tree houses high up in the branches, usually about 10 metres
above the ground, but sometimes as high as 35 metres. They do this to avoid dangerous
animals and insects. They 3d________ their homes with a roof, holes to let in air and
wooden steps to climb up. The greatest danger to these houses is fire. 4T________, the
Korowai are very careful to 5p________ against fire. However, the houses only last about
5 years due to the wet conditions in the forest.
The Korowai plant 6c________ such as rice using traditional methods of 7a________. They
also catch fish in the clear water of the 8s________ rivers that run through the forest. They
take care not to 9h________ nature and have great respect for the Earth, taking only what
they need to live.
Today, the Korowai’s way of life is in danger from the modern world, and only about 3,000
members of the group remain in the tribe.
40
UNIT 6 At one with nature
Using language
4 a Complete the sentences using a preposition + whom / which as appropriate.
1 There are over 5,000 students in this university, many __________ are from other countries.
2 This is the lunar spacecraft __________ Neil Armstrong travelled to the moon.
3 There are still some border areas in the Amazon jungle where people live __________ modern
technology is a complete mystery.
4 This painting represents the traditional way of farming __________ crops were harvested by hand.
5 Thank you for your letter __________ you suggested we meet face to face.
6 This is Charles Brodie, __________ nothing seems to be impossible.
4 b Connect the sentences with a preposition + whom / which.
1 There are many rivers in Africa. The longest river in Africa is the Nile.
________________________________________________________________________________
2 My uncle replaced the engine in the car. We owe him thanks.
________________________________________________________________________________
3 The paintings were done by Prehistoric people. The images were possibly symbols of good luck.
________________________________________________________________________________
4 England has a number of ancient stone circles. The oldest and most famous stone circle is called
Stonehenge.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 The Yellowstone National Park is an animal safety area. Wild animals, such as bears, can live
freely there.
________________________________________________________________________________
6 Martin Luther King was married to Coretta Scott King. He had four children with her.
________________________________________________________________________________
5 Complete the passage with a preposition + whom / which.
Traditional Chinese Medicine, also known as herbal medicine, is one of the great
discoveries of Ancient China. The use of natural herbs, the benefits 1______________ are
to bring better health to people, is becoming more and more popular all over the world.
The father of herbal medicine is known as Shennong. His name means Agriculture God,
2______________ the Chinese people were said to learn farming as well as the use of herbs
for medicine. Shennong is respected today by the Chinese people, 3______________ he is
an important figure in ancient times.
41
UNIT 6 At one with nature
During the Ming Dynasty, an important book about medicines called Ben Cao Gang Mu
was written by Li Shizhen, 4______________, for the first time, a complete description of
the medical uses of herbs was written down. This book listed all the plants and animals
that were thought to have positive effects for humans. The work is still used today by
doctors who practise traditional Chinese medicine.
Herbal medicine works on the principle that to make people who are sick better, you need
to bring their bodies back into harmony. This is because illness is the result of disharmony.
The use of herbs is the means 5______________ the body may recover harmony and people
become well.
6 a Match the words with the definitions or descriptions.
1 The Nile is the longest of these in the world. a reef
2 A low area of land between hills or mountains, usually with a b canyon
river running through it. c basin
3 This place is very dry, usually hot, and has lots of sand and not d waterfall
many plants. e valley
4 An underground passage through which vehicles can travel. f river
5 The Pacific is the largest of these in the world. g desert
6 Niagara, on the border of Canada and the US, is a famous h channel
example of this water feature. i ocean
7 A line of rocks with its top just above or below the surface of j tunnel
the sea.
8 A large area of land whose surface water all runs into a particular
lake or river.
9 One of these is a body of water which separates Great Britain
and France.
10 A long deep valley with very steep sides made of rock.
6 b Read the definitions and complete the crossword. The first letter of each word has been given.
1b Down
1 something that separates one thing from another
2p 3g 2 a raised structure for people to stand or walk on to get
4 s a better view
3 something that is big and very impressive
5 t
Across
6n 4 to travel across the surface of a sea, lake, river etc
5 to make a loud deep noise
7c 6 not wide compared to how high or long something is
7 a large animal with a long neck often found in the
desert
42
UNIT 6 At one with nature
7 a Listen and complete the notes.
A nomad’s life in Mongolia
Name: Bolormaa
Age: 74
Moves around because her sheep need to find food.
Usually moves 1____________________ times a year.
Lives with: Husband, three sons and their wives, and 2____________________ grandchildren.
Bolormaa lives in a ger. Inside the ger there is a cooking area, tables, chairs, rolled-up beds
and a 3____________________ and a 4____________________.
Bolormaa thinks that the Ulan Bator is too big, 5____________________ and polluted.
The desert is called the 6____________________; it is a harsh climate.
Bolormaa worries that her grandchildren will move to the city 7____________________.
7 b Imagine you are Bolormaa. Introduce yourself and talk about the advantages and
disadvantages of your way of life using information from Activity 7a.
43
UNIT 6 At one with nature
Developing ideas
8 Match the words with their definitions.
1 benefit a showing special skill or knowledge
2 energy b a set of organs tubes etc in your body that work together
3 estimate c the physical and mental strength that makes you able to do things
4 expert d an advantage you get from a situation
5 limited e to form an idea of something that happened by connecting piece
6 reconstruct of information
7 rooftop f not very great in amount
8 system g the outside of a building when you are looking at it from the top
h to say what you think an amount or value will be by guessing or
using available information
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in the box (one expression
is extra).
be home to turn into prevent from in harmony with
pass down allow to do provide for
1 She was sure the noise from the busy street below would ___________ her ___________ sleeping
well.
2 The new development plan ___________ additional shops and houses for rent in the future.
3 The traditional stories have been ___________ from one generation to the next for hundreds of years.
4 Indonesia ___________ many species of apes and monkeys.
5 People increasingly want to be ___________ nature to improve the quality of their lives.
6 The water in the lake had ___________ ice due to the freezing temperatures.
10 a Read the passage and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph.
1 The Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, better known more simply as Kew Gardens, is one
of the most famous gardens for the study and enjoyment of plants in the world. The
word “botanic” means relating to plants.
2 Kew Gardens was at first a private summer palace for the King and his family to relax.
The gardens were created in 1759 to provide a quiet place to get away from the noise
and crowds of the city.
3 Kew Gardens became a popular place to visit after it opened to the public in 1840.
The famous Palm House was completed in 1844 and the Temperate House, the largest
Victorian glasshouse in the world, followed in 1862. With the opening of the railway
line in 1869, Kew became an easy day out for people living in the capital. Today,
millions of people a year go to Kew Gardens to enjoy its pleasant atmosphere, walking
44
UNIT 6 At one with nature
under the cooling branches of the trees and refreshing themselves by experiencing the
calming greenery.
4 As well as nature, Kew Gardens includes a number of interesting buildings. These
include the Great Pagoda which was built in 1762 as a copy of a Chinese building. This
was at a time when all things from Asia were very fashionable in England. The pagoda
has 10 floors and stands almost 50 metres high. You can climb the 253 steps to the top
to get a breathtaking view across this part of London.
5 But Kew Gardens is more than just a beautiful park pleasing to people with green
fingers. It is actually a place of very important scientific research. Kew has taken the lead
in collecting and conserving plant seeds from all over the world. It aims to store 25% of
all flowering plant seeds by 2020, as a vital measure to protect global plant species for
the future during this period of climate change.
6 In 2003 Kew Gardens became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its
importance as a special place for the study of and enjoyment of plants.
10 b Judge whether the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.
1 Kew Gardens is a famous place to study and enjoy birds and animals.
2 Kew Gardens was not open to the public at first.
3 The Palm House was built after the Great Pagoda.
4 The Great Pagoda is now closed to the public.
5 Kew Gardens now has over 50% of the world’s flowering seeds in its collection.
6 K ew Gardens was given a special award in 2003 due to its importance as a place for the study
and enjoyment of plants.
11 a Complete the passage with the expressions in the box (three are extra).
spend time (doing) like nothing better than beauty of the world at one with nature
reflect on pleasant flavours health benefits has a positive effect on
a good night’s sleep a helping hand it is estimated that
British people 1_____________ drinking a nice cup of tea, right Wrong. Today coffee is
twice as popular as tea to drink outside the home. The reason is the growth of large coffee
shop chains where people can 2_____________ relaxing and chatting to friends. The most
popular types of coffee are “cappuccinos” and “lattes”. Young people in particular say they
prefer the 3_____________ of coffee over tea and drink up to six cups a day. But is drinking
so much caffeine good for you
There is plenty of medical research to show that drinking coffee 4_____________ your body.
These 5_____________ include protecting you against serious health problems that can
cause death. 6_____________ drinking three cups a day can lower your risk of getting major
illnesses by 50%.
45
UNIT 6 At one with nature
In addition, coffee drinkers have lower rates of heart failure. People who drink coffee live
longer than people who don’t.
However, drinking coffee has its disadvantages too. People who drink a lot of coffee may
become more nervous and anxious. Heavy coffee drinkers (four cups or more a day) also
tend to feel sadder than non-drinkers, because coffee makes people more alert. It can also
prevent them from getting 7_____________ or eating properly, which can cause people to
8_____________ only the unhappy and negative side of things.
So, is coffee good or bad for you In general, it is best to drink just one or two cups a day.
One or two cups a day is fine and may even give you some benefits. But eating and sleeping
properly are also of great importance to maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
11 b Write a summary of the passage in Activity 11a in no more than 120 words.
46
UNIT 6 At one with natureAnswer key
UNIT 1 6 b 1 g, 2 a, 3 e, 4 c, 5 d, 6 h, 7 b, 8 f
7 a 1 the head teacher
Starting out & Understanding ideas 2 watch some exercise classes
3 new science laboratories
1 1 c, 2 f, 3 g, 4 a, 5 e, 6 b, 7 h, 8 d 4 school clubs
2 1 explore, 2 campus, 3 challenge, 4 pressure, 5 all meet
5 moment, 6 insects, 7 description 6 finish by singing the school song together
3 1 explore, 2 eagerness, 3 challenge,
4 butterflies 5 rushed, 6 engine, 7 panic
Developing Ideas
Using language 8 1 b, 2 f, 3 a, 4 c, 5 d, 6 e
9 1 went all out, 2 deal with, 3 referred to,
4 a 1 d, 2 f, 3 e, 4 c, 5 a, 6 g, 7 b 4 keep an open mind, 5 made the most of,
4 b 1 She laughed loudly. 6 Hold your head up, 7 looking forward to,
2 I slept. 8 In particular
3 They were curious. 10 a 1 c, 2 e, 3 b, 4 a, 5 d
4 A young child played with a toy happily. / 10 b 1 1921.
A young child happily played with a toy. 2 The bed areas.
5 His silence made us a bit worried. 3 The United States.
6 My mother gave me a cake. 4 A committee of teachers and students.
7 I read a difficult book. 5 Allow children to grow up happily and
5 1 Andy fell be encouraged to live their own lives.
2 embarrassed 11 a 1 The student went to a sports camp.
3 Bob and Jessie 2 The author tried various difficult exercises.
4 Martin 3 Skateboarding.
5 laugh 4 She found these activities difficult at first
6 Tom but improved with practice.
7 smiled happily 5 She loved the sports camp and gave it top
6 a marks.
E O W L W S A O D S 11 b Students’ own answers.
B Q C Y A E A C O H
S P U X C V Y V L O
A C S S I K G O P M UNIT 2
P N H B L P A L H C
A I I E W M I U I A Starting out & Understanding ideas
M C A J D Q N N N P
T S Q N X U Y T M P 1 1 d, 2 b, 3 f, 4 a, 5 e, 6 c
Q T B S O V L E G L 2 1 confusing, 2 million, 3 chart, 4 steak,
N A O X I N N E R Y 5 sculpt, 6 unique
L G U G A L E R B Q 3 1 ham, 2 pineapple, 3 unique, 4 burnt
R E D D B S H J K S down / burnt up, 5 visible, 6 alarm,
1 INNER, 2 GAIN, 3 DOLPHIN, 4 APPLY, 7 behavior, 8 reflects
5 PIANO, 6 SCHEDULE, 7 STAGE,
8 VOLUNTEER
47
ANSWER KEY
Using language 5 generations, 6 assumed, 7 characters,
8 court
4 a 1 headache, 2 earthquake, 3 basketball, 3 1 professional, 2 career, 3 assumed,
4 schoolbag, 5 bedroom, 6 homework / 4 football, 5 talent, 6 ignore, 7 chat,
schoolwork 8 option, 9 focus, 10 suited
4 b 1 unhappy, 2 dislike, 3 understandable,
4 behaviour / behavior, 5 impossible,
6 scientist Using language
5 1 communication, 2 call, 3 BTW, 4 social,
5 Email, 6 AKA 4 a 1 haven’t made, 2 gave, 3 goes, 4 am
6 a 1 unfamiliar, 2 appropriate, 3 apartment, doing, 5 will travel, 6 told
4 petrol, 5 contact, 6 vocabulary, 4 b 1 are you messaging, 2 take, 3 watched,
7 organisation, 8 context 4 gave, 5 hasn’t seen, 6 Will you read
6 b 1 cellphone, 2 flat, 3 come across, 4 likely, 5 1 have wanted, 2 was, 3 played, 4 focused,
5 mostly, 6 addition 5 went, 6 has lasted, 7 will graduate, 8 plan
6 c Students’ own answers 6 a
7 a 1 it’s abbreviations, or shortening of words, B E A R D E P Q P D V A
as well as for its interesting expressions, S Q U A R E H S T M N P
2 Good day, 3 Aussies, 4 Aussie Rules C H E E K B B M Q Z E O
Football, 5 Oldies, 6 Afternoon, 7 Talk, E Q Z M Y X U O J E F N
8 Fantastic, 9 Real, 10 give it a try / have a go E P T N J X S O Y Y V Y
7 b Students’ own answers. S P A F P D H T X A C T
L A N R O S Y H M Q S A
I L N H G J A W E E R I
Developing Ideas M E E F R E C K L E S L
F S D Q G D S C I T D R
8 1 a, 2 d, 3 e, 4 f, 5 b, 6 g, 7 c 1 BEARD, 2 BUSHY, 3 CHEEK, 4 FRECKLES,
9 1 wound up, 2 spent time, 3 burnt down, 5 JAW, 6 PALE, 7 PONYTAIL, 8 ROSY,
4 play safe, 5 wonder at, 6 had a frog in 9 SQUARE, 10 SLIM, 11 SMOOTH,
his throat 12 TANNED
10 a b 6 b 1 c, 2 b, 3 g, 4 d, 5 f, 6 i, 7 a, 8 h
10 b 1 soccer, 2 egg-shaped, 3 crisps, 4 chips, 7 a 1 Sally’s laptop computer and maths books.
5 French fries, 6 very, 7 not that great, 2 Because Rick thought today was Wednesday.
8 bucket, 9 ocean, 10 impolite 3 He wants Sally to lend him some money.
11 a 1 communication problems 4 He asked once.
2 could not understand my accent 5 Rick has forgotten two things. One thing
3 I went to a restaurant for breakfast is to bring Sally’s maths books back, and
4 without eating anything. the other thing is to ask his mother for
5 took them back to my room and ate money again.
6 There were over 300 TV programmes 6 Yes. Because Sally lend Rick money and
11 b Students’ own answers. Rick thought Sally is the world’s best big
sister.
7 b Students’ own answers.
UNIT 3
Starting out & Understanding ideas Developing Ideas
1 1 d, 2 e, 3 f, 4 h, 5 a, 6 b, 7 g, 8 c 8 1 e, 2 b, 3 a, 4 h, 5 g, 6 d, 7 c, 8 f
2 1 relate, 2 comic, 3 respects, 4 approaching, 9 1 now and then, 2 cooperate with,
48
ANSWER KEY
3 focus on, 4 competing against, 9 This is a book about a boy whose
5 were proud of, 6 settle for parents moved to Canada from India
10 a 1 c, 2 a, 3 d, 4 b when he was a baby.
10 b 1 Venus Williams and Serena Williams. 10 Over there is the old man whom I was
2 Venus was 11 and Serena was 10. talking about a few moments ago.
3 Venus and Serena won so many 11 She has found the handbag that / which
tennis matches in this period that they a woman left on the bus.
dominated the women’s sport. 12 I recently met a professor who teaches
4 She always wants the best for her little physics at the university.
sister and looks out for her, but still 5 1 that / which, 2 who, 3 whom, 4 whose,
wants to win the match. 5 that / which
11 a 6 a 1 version, 2 recipe, 3 pot, 4 teenager,
A family memory 5 distance, 6 slice, 7 quality, 8 pour
6 b 1 h, 2 c, 3 a, 4 f, 5 b, 6 d, 7 g
Who When Where What Why 7 a 1 new shopping centre, 2 night market,
My Many years My When I got there, I realised 3 going on a boat trip, 4 museum, 5 old
grandmother ago. grandmother’s she was looking how
and I. home in the for things in her important it palace, 6 take (fantastic) photos
countryside. “memory box”. was to a, b, e
remember
She showed me
the people
photographs of 7 b Students’ own answers.
who brought
her as a girl and
you happiness
laughed.
in the past.
She recalled
memories about
fun she had with Developing Ideas
her best friends.
I decided to keep
my own memory 8 1 c, 2 e, 3 a, 4 g, 5 d, 6 b, 7 h, 8 f
box like my 9 1 was worth it, 2 work out, 3 turned up,
grandmother did.
11 b Students’ own answers. 4 made her fortune, 5 ought to,
6 heard from
10 a 1 c, 2 b, 3 d, 4 a
10 b 1 Once upon a time there were two friends
UNIT 4
who were walking across a desert.
Starting out & Understanding ideas 2 Then man who was pushed, although he
fell over, did not react.
1 1 h, 2 d, 3 b, 4 e, 5 g, 6 a, 7 f, 8 c 3 …, until they came to a quiet place which
2 1 enabling, 2 significantly, 3 click, 4 updates, had a pond surrounded by trees.
5 networking, 6 diagram, 7 digital, 8 forever 4 Suddenly, the man who had been pushed
3 1 Advances, 2 maintain, 3 lose track of, over started struggling in the water.
4 unusual, 5 site, 6 wi-fi, 7 acquire, 11 a
8 Thanks to What do the Characters: brave,
underlined words scared, logical
describe in the story Settings: dark,
Using language dangerous, cold
Actions: forget,
4 a 1 who, 2 that, 3 which, 4 whose, 5 that, hurried, rushed
6 who
What type of ending Students’ own answers.
4 b 7 Kate is a doctor who treats children with
will it be
serious illnesses.
8 This is an interesting TV programme Why do you think the Students’ own answers.
that / which is about wild animals in the firefighter asked Jim to
Amazon. come with him
49
ANSWER KEY
What do you think has Students’ own answers. 6 b
happened to Hal V T J B U C R M X N M I D
A V C U U I B Z H G E I E
What will Jim do Students’ own answers.
A C C O M M O D A T I O N
How will the story end Students’ own answers. A U T H O R I T Y J G W Y
11 b Students’ own answers. Q O F O U N D U T I A F F
U E Z U A E M F Q U Y I U
A Q S O U R C E R A T O M
UNIT 5 H C P O V A R E D R P B G
J O U A Z Z B N V T W F V
Starting out & Understanding ideas 1 ACCOMMODATION, 2 AUTHORITY,
3 DENY, 4 FOUND, 5 SOURCE
1 1 e, 2 d, 3 a, 4 g, 5 b, 6 h, 7 f, 8 c 7 a
2 1 determine, 2 destroyed, 3 whale, 4 per cent, Name Yes / No Reasons
5 Atlantic, 6 position, 7 seeking, 8 measured Joe Yes We have used animals for
3 1 creature, 2 survive, 3 Eventually, different purposes for 1centuries.
4 professors, 5 determine, 6 chemicals, Using animals in sports for
7 seek, 8 amazing 2entertainment is no different.
Tim Yes People love seeing these
3
Using language impressive creatures running
and jumping.
4 a 1 when, 2 where, 3 why, 4 when, 5 why, It is lovely to see humans and
6 where
animals 1respecting each other
4 b 1 Human beings cutting down trees in
the rainforest is the reason why many and working together.
creatures are losing their natural habitat. Violet No Sporting animals often suffer
2 Polar bears spend most of their time from uncomfortable conditions
in particular parts of the Arctic Ocean with 5insufficient food and
where they can hunt seals. water.
3 The couple enjoy taking a walk at the
After their sporting days are
time of day when the setting sun colours
6
the sky red. over they often become sick
4 Sea turtles travel thousands of miles to as people do not know how to
the beach where they lay their eggs. take care of them properly-
5 An increasing human population in Gina Yes In dog competitions the dogs
forest areas is the reason why tiger
must look their 7best and show
numbers are declining.
6 Autumn is the season when you can many skills.
see many birds migrating south for the To perform well, sporting
winter. animals need to be given 8love
5 1 where, 2 when, 3 where, 4 why, 5 where, and care.
6 why 7 b Students’ own answers.
6 a 1 c, 2 e, 3 a, 4 d, 5 b
Developing Ideas
8 1 a, 2 b, 3 d, 4 c, 5 e, 6 g, 7 f, 8 h
50
ANSWER KEY
9 1 is famous for, 2 after all, 4 England has a number of ancient stone
3 recovered from, 4 concentrate on, circles, of which the oldest and most
5 show respect to, 6 managed to famous is called Stonehenge.
10 a 1 c, 2 a, 3 b, 4 d, 5 f, 6 e 5 The Yellowstone National Park is an
10 b 1 the hard outside part of a tree animal safety area in which wild animals,
2 moving smoothly and beautifully such as bears, can live freely.
3 became less 6 Martin Luther King was married to Coretta
4 an animal, person or object that is consider Scott King, with whom he had four children.
to be a symbol of a team or organisation 5 1 of which, 2 from whom, 3 for whom,
11 a 1 The bald eagle’s white head stands out 4 in which, 5 by which
against its dark brown body making it 6 a 1 f, 2 e, 3 g, 4 j, 5 i, 6 d, 7 a, 8 c, 9 h,
look bald when seen at a distance. 10 b
2 The bald eagle’s huge wings are its 6 b 1 barrier, 2 platform, 3 grand, 4 sail,
unique feature. 5 thunder, 6 narrow, 7 camel
3 The bald eagle lives in the forests of 7 a 1 four, 2 twelve, 3 fridge, 4 TV, 5 crowded,
North America near rivers and lakes. 6 Gobi, 7 to find jobs
4 Fish is the main source of the bald 7 b Students’ own answers.
eagle’s diet.
5 Hunting and pollution of the rivers
endangered the bald eagle. Developing Ideas
6 The bald eagle was chosen for its long
life, great strength and impressive 8 1 d, 2 c, 3 h, 4 a, 5 f, 6 e, 7 g, 8 b
appearance. 9 1 prevent… from, 2 will provide for,
11 b Students’ own answers. 3 passed down, 4 is home to,
5 in harmony with, 6 turned into
10 a 1 The Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew,
UNIT 6 better known more simply as Kew
Gardens, is one of the most famous
Starting out & Understanding ideas gardens for the study and enjoyment of
plants in the world.
1 1 g, 2 f, 3 b, 4 e, 5 a, 6 d, 7 h, 8 c 2 Kew Gardens was at first a private
2 1 soil, 2 sheet, 3 designed, 4 frost, 5 harmony, summer palace for the King and his
6 regions, 7 wrapped family to relax.
3 1 region, 2 harmony, 3 design, 4 Therefore, 3 Kew Gardens became a popular place to
5 prevent, 6 crops, 7 agriculture, 8 shallow, visit after it opened to the public in 1840.
9 harm 4 As well as nature, Kew Gardens includes
a number of interesting buildings.
5 It is actually a place of very important
Using language scientific research.
6 In 2003 Kew Gardens became a UNESCO
4 a 1 of whom, 2 in which, 3 to whom, World Heritage Site in recognition of its
4 in which, 5 in which, 6 for whom importance as a special place for the
4 b 1 There are many rivers in Africa, of which study of and enjoyment of plants.
the longest is the Nile. 10 b 1 F, 2 T, 3 T, 4 F, 5 F, 6 T
2 My uncle, to whom we owe thanks, 11 a 1 like nothing better than, 2 spend time,
replaced the engine in the car. 3 pleasant flavours, 4 has a positive effect
3 The paintings were done by Prehistoric on, 5 health benefits, 6 It is estimated
people for whom the images were possibly that, 7 a good night’s sleep, 8 reflect on
symbols of good luck. 11 b Students’ own answers.
51
ANSWER KEYAudio script
UNIT 1
Jim: Hi Sally, I’d like to ask for your help. Our teacher has asked me to make a schedule
for the school open day. You know, when parents and future students come to visit
the school to see what it is like.
Sally: Sure, Jim. I know about the open day. Do you have any ideas
Jim: I think first the visitors can go to the gym. They can see the impressive facilities we
have there. Also, they can watch some exercise classes.
Sally: That’s good, but in my opinion, before they go to the gym they should listen to a
presentation by the head teacher.
Jim: Great idea. So, first the head teacher will make a presentation in the school hall.
How long should it take
Sally: Maybe 15 minutes. Then how about after the gym the visitors go to our new
science laboratories They can see how we study science there
Jim: Yes, that will be interesting. And it would be a good idea to let our visitors have
some free time to explore the campus before lunch at 12:30 pm.
Sally: And what about the afternoon
Jim: At 1:30 pm they can get a taste of our different school clubs, like the drama club,
the music club or the debate club. What do you think
Sally: That sounds fine. How about at the end of the open day we all meet in the school
hall to answer any questions Then our students can finish by singing the school
song together.
Jim: Nice idea! Thanks a lot, Sally. Now, I had better get started on writing out the
schedule…
UNIT 2
Lecturer: G’day mate! This is the informal greeting that you will often hear if you go
to Australia. It is a friendly way of saying “Good day”, with the addition of
“mate” meaning “friend”. Australian English is famous for its abbreviations,
or shortening of words, as well as for its interesting expressions. We are here
today to answer some visitors’ questions about Australian English.
Student A: I always hear people saying “Aussies” – what does this word mean
Lecturer: Australians usually refer to themselves as “Aussies” and anything from
their own country can use the term. For example, the most popular sport in
Australia is known as “ARL” which stands for “Aussie Rules Football”. When
talking about one’s parents, Aussies may use the term “oldies” as a sign of
friendship. “Arvo” is of course short for afternoon.
Student A: Oh I see.
Lecturer: While these short forms are easily understood, some of the expressions may
not be so obvious. For example, talk is often called “yabber”, as in “Jerry
can’t stop yabbering today”. Do you know what I mean by “ripper ”
Student B: I haven’t heard that word before. What does it mean
52
AUDIO SCRIPT
Lecturer: To say something is “ripper” means it is fantastic.
Student B: That’s interesting.
Student C: I have heard my friend’s father say, “Fair dinkum.” What does it mean and
where does it come from
Lecturer: Some Aussie expressions are quite confusing. “Fair dinkum”, meaning real.
As the word dinkum came from the late nineteenth century, was an old
English word meaning “hard work”.
Student C: Thanks for explaining that.
Lecturer: No worries. In Australia you will hear all these terms and more. Enjoy the
colourful and creative Aussie language and maybe try to use some of the
expressions yourself. Go on, “give it a burl,” as they say.
UNIT 3
Sally: Hey Rick, have you seen my laptop computer I can’t find it anywhere.
Rick: Your laptop I borrowed it to do my school project. It’s in my room.
Sally: (annoyed) Rick, I said you could borrow it tomorrow, on Wednesday! Not today! I
need it to do my homework now.
Rick: (apologetically) I’m really sorry. I thought today was Wednesday! I’ll get it now…
Sally: And what about those maths books I let you borrow
Rick: Maths books Oh no… I forgot all about them. I left them in my locker at school!
Sally: Dear me, Rick! You really are very forgetful!
Rick: I apologise, really I do. But don’t worry! I’ll bring them back tomorrow, right after
school!
Sally: OK. It’s a good thing I don’t need them right away. But please don’t forget again.
Rick: I won’t! Oh, Sally, you’re the best big sister in the world! And also… umm…
well…
Sally: (skeptically) “Best big sister… ” What do you want this time, Rick
Rick: Well, I haven’t got any money right now. Can you lend me some money, please
Sally: Why didn’t you ask Mum or Dad to let you have some pocket money in advance
Rick: I did! I asked Mum last night. But she was busy and she told me to ask her again
this morning. And…
Sally: Don’t tell me, Rick. You forgot to ask again!
Rick: (embarrassed) Yes, I… I forgot.
Sally: (laughing affectionately) Well, I was right about you being forgetful, wasn’t I
Never mind. We all forget things sometimes. Just not as often as you do! Here’s
some money. You can pay me back next week.
Rick: Thanks, Sally! You really are…
Sally: I know! The world’s best big sister!
UNIT 4
Ben: Hi Jane. You look busy Can I interrupt you for a moment
Jane: Sure, Ben. What’s up
Ben: Well, my friend Gina is coming to visit me next month. She is from Italy and wants
me to show her around. The problem is, I don’t know where to take her. Do you
have any ideas
Jane: What does your friend like to do
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Ben: Actually, when I think about it, you two share many interests – she also likes films,
dancing, shopping for clothes, eating out…
Jane: Why not take her to the new shopping centre in the city It has a cinema and many
cool shops.
Ben: That’s not a bad idea. It also has a great Italian restaurant that she might like.
Jane: It might also be a good idea to let her try some of our local food. How about
taking her to the night market so she can enjoy some tasty home cooking
Ben: You’re right. I didn’t think of that. But what else can I do with her She’s staying
here for a week.
Jane: Have you thought about going on a boat trip on the river They’re very popular
these days.
Ben: Maybe. But I always get sick on boats.
Jane: Well, perhaps you could take her on a tour of the city instead Show her the
museum, the old palace and the parks.
Ben: Hmm, maybe, but Gina is more interested in modern architecture.
Jane: Then you should take her to the Sky Tower. It has great views from the top – and it
has a nice platform where she can take fantastic photos of the city.
Ben: That sounds amazing! By the way, why don’t you come along and hang out with
Gina as well I’m sure you two would become good friends!
UNIT 5
Host: Hello and welcome to Have Your Say! Today’s topic is: Should animals be used in
sports For example, what do you think about using horses or dogs for racing or
jumping Let’s hear what Joe has to say. Hi Joe!
Joe: The fact is that people have used animals for different purposes for centuries, such
as dogs to help us hunt and horses to carry heavy packs. Using animals in sports
for entertainment is no different.
Host: I see your point, Joe! Now over to Tim to have his say.
Tim: I agree that using animals for sports is a good thing. People love seeing the power
and beauty of these impressive creatures running and jumping. Also, it is lovely
to see humans and animals respecting each other and working together to achieve
great results and win prizes.
Host: Now that’s food for thought! Violet, what is your view on the topic of using
animals for sports
Violet: Animals used in sports often suffer from spending long periods in uncomfortable
conditions with insufficient food and water. And when they become too old to
take part in the sport, they often become sick as people do not know how to take
care of them properly.
Host: Thanks for the opinion, Violet. Finally, let’s hear what Gina has to say.
Gina: I’ve got three dogs and I present them at dog shows. These events are sporting
competitions. The dogs are trained to look their best and show a variety of skills
such as obeying my instructions and jumping over gates. We must remember
that animals such as dogs and horses need love and care to be strong sporting
performers.
Host: Thanks, Gina. That’s all we’ve got time for today. Remember, if you have an
opinion on this topic, get in touch and have your say!
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UNIT 6
My name is Bolormaa. I am 74 years old and I am a nomad. That means I move around,
not staying in one place for long. We usually move to a different place four times a year.
The reason we do this is because we need to follow our sheep as they look for food in the
hills.
I live in the grasslands zone of Mongolia with my husband and three sons and their wives
and children. I have 12 grandchildren! As I am the oldest woman, people look up to me
and expect me to make the big decisions.
We live in traditional tents, called “gers”. These are very comfortable. Inside our ger we
have a place for cooking, tables and chairs and beds which are rolled up in the daytime,
as well as a fridge and TV. We get our electricity from the solar panels we carry with us.
Our gers are our homes and we take them with us as we cross the fields following our
animals.
I love this way of life and never want to settle down in one place. Once I visited the
capital city, Ulan Bator, but I didn’t like it. Too big, crowded and so polluted. I love the
beauty of wide-open spaces and the fresh air of the valleys and hills. When I need to be
alone I just go outside.
Another place I don’t like is the desert – we call it the Gobi. It has a harsh climate. There
is nothing for the animals to eat there, no water and in winter the freezing cold wind
blows from the polar regions.
I worry that my grandchildren will not want to carry on this way of life. Mongolia is
changing rapidly and young people are moving to cities to find jobs.
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