人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast LandLanguage points课件（共41张）
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| 更新时间 | 2022-09-05 22:16:14 | ||
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1. During the first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained.
在第一天，温哥华一如既往细雨蒙蒙。
typical adj. having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing 典型的，有代表性的
be typical of 有……的特点
typically adv. 典型地；通常
eg It’s a typical Italian café.
It was typical of her to forget.
Typically, a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.
as引导的非限制性定语从句
【语境应用】单项选择
Jack is late again. It is _____ of him to keep others waiting.
A. normal B. ordinary
C. common D. typical
D
2. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island that had wonderful
shops selling crafts and antiques.
【句意】
尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。岛上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。
that引导的定语从句
v.-ing短语作定语
despite prep. used to say that something happens or is true even though something else might have prevented it 尽管……
=in spite of
despite + n./pron. /v.-ing，不接从句(what从句除外)；但可以用despite/ in spite of the fact that 引导从句
eg Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it.
尽管已反复保证了该产品的安全性，很多人还是不再购买。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) In spite of/ Despite _______ ________ ________ she was very angry, she didn’t lose her temper.
她尽管很生气，但是没有发脾气。
2) _______ _________ __________ the cold weather, everybody is here.
尽管天气很冷，但是大家还是都来了。
3) ________ ________ _________ _________ (尽管他们有许多不同之处), all human beings share several defining characteristics. (2019江苏卷改编)
the fact that
In spite of
Despite their many differences
3. Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.
后来，她们在距离不远的一片森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意。
pleasant adj. 1) enjoyable or attractive and making you feel happy 令人愉快的；舒适的 (主语多为事物、场景等)
eg The restaurant was large and pleasant.
Peter is pleasant to everyone.
This flower gives out a pleasant fragrance.
2) friendly, polite, and easy to talk to 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的
pleased (adj.) 由外部因素引发的人的高兴、愉快的情感。
be pleased at/with/about sth. 或+to do sth.
pleasant (adj.) 指因其使人愉快的外表或热情的气质而具有自然的吸引力，也指人或人的行为举止等友好的、招人喜欢的
pleasing (adj.) (消息、景色、表演、声音等)令人高兴的，满意的，可指刻意做些事情吸引人
pleasure (n.) 高兴，荣幸；愉快的活动（经历），乐事
【语境应用】选用pleased, pleasing, pleasant, please, pleasure的正确形式填空。
1) Your parents were very ___________ with your exam results.
2) The government should help people to live in ___________ surroundings.
3) You may stay as long as you ___________.
4) Are you in Beijing on business or for ___________
5) Amy’s progress this year has been very ___________.
pleased
pleasant
please
pleasure
pleasing
4. The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies.
arise vi. 1) to stand up, to get out of bed 起身；起床
2) to happen (问题或困境)出现，发生
3) if something arises from or out of a situation, event etc., it is caused or started by that situation etc. 由……引起
arise from/out of=result from 由……引起，产生
现在分词短语作伴随状语
第二天早上，两个女孩早早地起床，乘上开往路易斯湖的火车，穿越加拿大的落基山脉。
eg The audience arose from their chairs and remained standing.
We arose early on that morning.
More problems like these are certain to arise.
Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting
Should the need arise for extra staff, we will contact you.
when / if the need arises / should the need arise
如果有必要
arouse one’s interest / sympathy 唤起某人的兴趣、同情心
rise, raise, arise, arouse
单词 词性/词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 起身；出现；由……引起 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 渐渐上升; 起立，起身 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起，使升高；导致；养育，喂养 raised raised raising
arouse vt. 唤起，引起 aroused aroused arousing
【语境应用】用arise, arouse, rise, raise的适当形式填空。
1) The campaign has certainly succeeded in ___________ public awareness of the problem.
2) Her parents died when she was a baby and she was ___________ by her grandparents.
3) That morning I ____________ early and went out to the road waiting for Mr. Brown to pick me up.
4) Many diseases ____________ from what people really don’t know about in their daily life.
5) Her behavior ____________ the suspicions of the police.
raising
raised
arose/rose
arise
arouses
5. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从火车车窗看去，加拿大的山脉和森林看起来很壮观。
massive adj. very large, solid, and heavy 大而重的，厚重的
unusually large, powerful, or damaging 巨大的；强大的，强烈的; 极具破坏力的
a massive amount of 大量的
过去分词短语作状语
eg The bell is massive, weighing over 40 tons.
那口钟非常大，有 40 多吨重。
【链接】
mass n. 大量，大宗；团、堆
masses of 许多的，大量的 the masses 平民，群众
the mass of people / the population人民/人口/中的大多数
adj. 民众的，群众的; 大量的
mass marketing 大规模营销活动
v. (使)聚集，(使)集结，(使)集中
-ive (suffix) 与动词结合构成名词和形容词，有……倾向的或有……性质的
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 他们有一座很大的房子。
They’ve got a massive house.
2) 突然，大量的岩石从山上掉落。
Suddenly a mass of rocks fell down the mountain.
3) 我有很多工作要做。
I’ve got a mass of work to do.
4) 六周后他因严重的心脏病发作去世。
He died six weeks later of a massive heart attack.
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
Read the two sentences. Pay attention to the relationships between participial phrases and the subjects of the sentences. And then conclude their differences.
现在分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是主动关系
过去分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系
6. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
where引导的非限制性定语从句
when引导的时间状语从句
【句意】
当火车到达车站时，她们乘出租车去路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，真是令她们惊叹。
breath n. the air that goes into/out of your lungs 呼吸的空气
take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹
breathe vt.&vi. to take air into your lungs and send it out again 呼吸
breathtaking adj. very impressive, exciting, or surprising 激动人心的; 惊人的; 令人惊叹的
eg Let your breath out slowly.
It’s good for people to breathe fresh air.
Please breathe in and then breathe out slowly.
The view from my bedroom window was absolutely breathtaking.
【拓展】breath短语
hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁
catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) When we climbed to the top of the building, we _________________ (上气不接下气)．
2) If you run very fast, you must _______________ (喘不过气来)．
3) 生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。
People living here breathe dirty air every day.
4) 山顶上的风景美得令人惊叹。
The view from the top will take your breath away. / The view from the top is breathtaking.
were out of breath
lose your breath
7. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.
她们度过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。
bound adj. travelling towards a particular; be very likely to do
准备前往(某地)；一定会
be bound for 准备前往/开往……
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
v. to jump or to run with jumping movements 跳动；弹回
n. 跳；跳跃
eg The ship is bound for South America.
Thomas is bound to refuse our help.
The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
The little girl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.
The ball bounded from the wall.
With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Don’t lie to her. She ______ ______ ______ (一定会) find out about it.
2) I ______ ______ ______ (准备前往) Shanghai; that is my destination.
3) ______ _______ _______ (只跳了一回), the boy jumped the fence.
4) He _______ _______ _______ _______ (蹦蹦跳跳的走进房间) and announced that he got the first place.
is bound to
am bound for
In one bound
bounded into the room
8. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
eg The best part of the trip was the fantastic scenery.
scenery n. the natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see, such as mountains, forests etc. 风景，景色
现在分词短语作状语
省略引导词的定语从句
that引导的宾语从句
【句意】看着美丽的风景，两人一致认为，这是她们曾经历过得最棒的一次旅行。
scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面 battle scenes
the opening scene
scenery 不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景 They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.
sight 视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观 The Great Wall is one of the
sights of the world.
view 指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色 The view from the top of the
mountain is breathtaking.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) get/have a good ______ of the city
2) in /out of _____ 视力范围内/看不见的范围
3) see the ______ 参观名胜
4) on the ______ 在现场
5) There is a happy ______ with children playing in the park.
6) Switzerland is famous for its watch-making and beautiful ______.
view
sight
sights
scene
scenery
scene
9. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, …
除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，她们此行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物。
in addition: used to add another piece of information to what you have just said 除此之外
eg This garden has the best collection of native plants. In addition, it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.
in addition to +名词/代词/动词-ing形式
eg In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 除此之外，他还得付十美元。
2) 除了薪水之外，他还有五千美元的收入。
He had to pay 10 dollars in addition.
He receives 5,000 dollars in addition to his salary.
10. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.
埃德蒙顿的冬季十分寒冷，每天温度平均为零下10摄氏度。
with+名词+非谓语动词构成的的复合结构
freezing adj. extremely cold 极冷的；冰冻的
freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
n. the temperature at which water freezes 冰点
【拓展】
冷：cool 凉爽；cold寒冷；freezing cold极冷
暖：warm 温暖；hot炎热；boiling hot 酷热
freeze vi.&vt. (froze, frozen) to become hard and solid because the temperature is very cold 结冰；(使)冻住
to stop moving suddenly and stay completely still
突然停止
eg The cold weather had frozen the ground.
I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.
You can use fresh or frozen fish to make the dish.
【链接】
frozen adj. 冷冻的，冷藏的；(人或身体部位) 冻僵的；(土地、湖面等)冻硬的，结冰的
frozen food 冷冻食品
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It’s _______ here. Can’t we shut a few windows
2) It was well below _______ when we left.
3) Water _______ when the temperature falls to zero.
4) The ground here is _______ for most of the year.
freezing
freezing
freezes
frozen
11. However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.
然而，她们还是没有想到能看到如此辽阔的国度，她们真的 很惊叹。
anticipate vt. to expect that something will happen and be ready for it 预料；预见
to think about something that is going to happen, especially something pleasant 期待(尤指好的事情)
anticipate doing sth. 预期做某事
It is anticipated that 据预料……
eg We anticipate that our expenses will be 15% greater.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 我们不希望出现任何问题。
2) 我没有料到要自己做饭！
3) 她预料到你会来访，连备用客房都装修好了。
【拓展】anticipation n. 预料，预期；期盼
in anticipation of sth
We don’t anticipate any trouble.
I didn’t anticipate having to do the cooking myself!
She’s decorated the spare room in anticipation of your visit.
12. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.
她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，在那里她们看到一片片农场覆盖了非常大片的地区。
go through: from one side of an area to the other 穿过；
eg They have to go through a hole to reach there.
where引导的非限制性定语从句
that引导的定语从句
【拓展】
go through: 经历，经受；检查；完成；用完
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) After months of efforts the work finally went through.
2) I always start the day by going through my mail.
3) He has gone through a lot since his father died.
4) We’ve gone through all those envelopes I bought last week.
我总是每天一早就查阅我的邮件。
经过数月的努力，这项工作终于完成了。
父亲过世后他受了很多苦。
我们用完了我上周买的所有信封。
【拓展】go短语
go around 四处走动，流传
go by 过去，经过
go for 出去，去找，喜欢
go in for 从事，喜欢
go out 出去，熄灭，过时
go over 研究，复习
go up 上升，上涨；建造；攀爬
13. It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
It was not until… that… 直到……才……
本句用了not…until…的强调句：It is/was not until… that + 其它。
eg It was not until the game began that he arrived at the stadium.
【句意】
上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
not…until的三种句型：正常语序、倒装、强调句型。
正常语序：
They didn’t finally reach the capital of Ontario, Toronto until 9:30 a.m.
倒装语序：
Not until 9:30 a.m. did they finally reach the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
【注意】not until位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Not until recently _________ _________ _________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展和旅游有关的活动。
2) It wasn’t until then _________ people realized the actor had consumed quantities of wine.
直到那是人们才意识到那个演员喝了许多酒。
did they encourage
that
1. During the first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained.
在第一天，温哥华一如既往细雨蒙蒙。
typical adj. having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing 典型的，有代表性的
be typical of 有……的特点
typically adv. 典型地；通常
eg It’s a typical Italian café.
It was typical of her to forget.
Typically, a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.
as引导的非限制性定语从句
【语境应用】单项选择
Jack is late again. It is _____ of him to keep others waiting.
A. normal B. ordinary
C. common D. typical
D
2. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island that had wonderful
shops selling crafts and antiques.
【句意】
尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。岛上有精致的店铺，出售手工艺品和古董。
that引导的定语从句
v.-ing短语作定语
despite prep. used to say that something happens or is true even though something else might have prevented it 尽管……
=in spite of
despite + n./pron. /v.-ing，不接从句(what从句除外)；但可以用despite/ in spite of the fact that 引导从句
eg Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it.
尽管已反复保证了该产品的安全性，很多人还是不再购买。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) In spite of/ Despite _______ ________ ________ she was very angry, she didn’t lose her temper.
她尽管很生气，但是没有发脾气。
2) _______ _________ __________ the cold weather, everybody is here.
尽管天气很冷，但是大家还是都来了。
3) ________ ________ _________ _________ (尽管他们有许多不同之处), all human beings share several defining characteristics. (2019江苏卷改编)
the fact that
In spite of
Despite their many differences
3. Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.
后来，她们在距离不远的一片森林中徒步旅行，十分惬意。
pleasant adj. 1) enjoyable or attractive and making you feel happy 令人愉快的；舒适的 (主语多为事物、场景等)
eg The restaurant was large and pleasant.
Peter is pleasant to everyone.
This flower gives out a pleasant fragrance.
2) friendly, polite, and easy to talk to 礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的
pleased (adj.) 由外部因素引发的人的高兴、愉快的情感。
be pleased at/with/about sth. 或+to do sth.
pleasant (adj.) 指因其使人愉快的外表或热情的气质而具有自然的吸引力，也指人或人的行为举止等友好的、招人喜欢的
pleasing (adj.) (消息、景色、表演、声音等)令人高兴的，满意的，可指刻意做些事情吸引人
pleasure (n.) 高兴，荣幸；愉快的活动（经历），乐事
【语境应用】选用pleased, pleasing, pleasant, please, pleasure的正确形式填空。
1) Your parents were very ___________ with your exam results.
2) The government should help people to live in ___________ surroundings.
3) You may stay as long as you ___________.
4) Are you in Beijing on business or for ___________
5) Amy’s progress this year has been very ___________.
pleased
pleasant
please
pleasure
pleasing
4. The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies.
arise vi. 1) to stand up, to get out of bed 起身；起床
2) to happen (问题或困境)出现，发生
3) if something arises from or out of a situation, event etc., it is caused or started by that situation etc. 由……引起
arise from/out of=result from 由……引起，产生
现在分词短语作伴随状语
第二天早上，两个女孩早早地起床，乘上开往路易斯湖的火车，穿越加拿大的落基山脉。
eg The audience arose from their chairs and remained standing.
We arose early on that morning.
More problems like these are certain to arise.
Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting
Should the need arise for extra staff, we will contact you.
when / if the need arises / should the need arise
如果有必要
arouse one’s interest / sympathy 唤起某人的兴趣、同情心
rise, raise, arise, arouse
单词 词性/词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 起身；出现；由……引起 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 渐渐上升; 起立，起身 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起，使升高；导致；养育，喂养 raised raised raising
arouse vt. 唤起，引起 aroused aroused arousing
【语境应用】用arise, arouse, rise, raise的适当形式填空。
1) The campaign has certainly succeeded in ___________ public awareness of the problem.
2) Her parents died when she was a baby and she was ___________ by her grandparents.
3) That morning I ____________ early and went out to the road waiting for Mr. Brown to pick me up.
4) Many diseases ____________ from what people really don’t know about in their daily life.
5) Her behavior ____________ the suspicions of the police.
raising
raised
arose/rose
arise
arouses
5. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
从火车车窗看去，加拿大的山脉和森林看起来很壮观。
massive adj. very large, solid, and heavy 大而重的，厚重的
unusually large, powerful, or damaging 巨大的；强大的，强烈的; 极具破坏力的
a massive amount of 大量的
过去分词短语作状语
eg The bell is massive, weighing over 40 tons.
那口钟非常大，有 40 多吨重。
【链接】
mass n. 大量，大宗；团、堆
masses of 许多的，大量的 the masses 平民，群众
the mass of people / the population人民/人口/中的大多数
adj. 民众的，群众的; 大量的
mass marketing 大规模营销活动
v. (使)聚集，(使)集结，(使)集中
-ive (suffix) 与动词结合构成名词和形容词，有……倾向的或有……性质的
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 他们有一座很大的房子。
They’ve got a massive house.
2) 突然，大量的岩石从山上掉落。
Suddenly a mass of rocks fell down the mountain.
3) 我有很多工作要做。
I’ve got a mass of work to do.
4) 六周后他因严重的心脏病发作去世。
He died six weeks later of a massive heart attack.
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.
Read the two sentences. Pay attention to the relationships between participial phrases and the subjects of the sentences. And then conclude their differences.
现在分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是主动关系
过去分词短语表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系
6. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
where引导的非限制性定语从句
when引导的时间状语从句
【句意】
当火车到达车站时，她们乘出租车去路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，真是令她们惊叹。
breath n. the air that goes into/out of your lungs 呼吸的空气
take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹
breathe vt.&vi. to take air into your lungs and send it out again 呼吸
breathtaking adj. very impressive, exciting, or surprising 激动人心的; 惊人的; 令人惊叹的
eg Let your breath out slowly.
It’s good for people to breathe fresh air.
Please breathe in and then breathe out slowly.
The view from my bedroom window was absolutely breathtaking.
【拓展】breath短语
hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁
catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) When we climbed to the top of the building, we _________________ (上气不接下气)．
2) If you run very fast, you must _______________ (喘不过气来)．
3) 生活在这里的人们每天呼吸着脏空气。
People living here breathe dirty air every day.
4) 山顶上的风景美得令人惊叹。
The view from the top will take your breath away. / The view from the top is breathtaking.
were out of breath
lose your breath
7. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.
她们度过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。
bound adj. travelling towards a particular; be very likely to do
准备前往(某地)；一定会
be bound for 准备前往/开往……
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
v. to jump or to run with jumping movements 跳动；弹回
n. 跳；跳跃
eg The ship is bound for South America.
Thomas is bound to refuse our help.
The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
The little girl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.
The ball bounded from the wall.
With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Don’t lie to her. She ______ ______ ______ (一定会) find out about it.
2) I ______ ______ ______ (准备前往) Shanghai; that is my destination.
3) ______ _______ _______ (只跳了一回), the boy jumped the fence.
4) He _______ _______ _______ _______ (蹦蹦跳跳的走进房间) and announced that he got the first place.
is bound to
am bound for
In one bound
bounded into the room
8. Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.
eg The best part of the trip was the fantastic scenery.
scenery n. the natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see, such as mountains, forests etc. 风景，景色
现在分词短语作状语
省略引导词的定语从句
that引导的宾语从句
【句意】看着美丽的风景，两人一致认为，这是她们曾经历过得最棒的一次旅行。
scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面 battle scenes
the opening scene
scenery 不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景 They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.
sight 视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观 The Great Wall is one of the
sights of the world.
view 指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色 The view from the top of the
mountain is breathtaking.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) get/have a good ______ of the city
2) in /out of _____ 视力范围内/看不见的范围
3) see the ______ 参观名胜
4) on the ______ 在现场
5) There is a happy ______ with children playing in the park.
6) Switzerland is famous for its watch-making and beautiful ______.
view
sight
sights
scene
scenery
scene
9. In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one highlight of their trip was being able to see many different creatures, …
除了欣赏壮丽的山峰和森林，她们此行的一个亮点是能够看到许多不同的生物。
in addition: used to add another piece of information to what you have just said 除此之外
eg This garden has the best collection of native plants. In addition, it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.
in addition to +名词/代词/动词-ing形式
eg In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 除此之外，他还得付十美元。
2) 除了薪水之外，他还有五千美元的收入。
He had to pay 10 dollars in addition.
He receives 5,000 dollars in addition to his salary.
10. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.
埃德蒙顿的冬季十分寒冷，每天温度平均为零下10摄氏度。
with+名词+非谓语动词构成的的复合结构
freezing adj. extremely cold 极冷的；冰冻的
freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
n. the temperature at which water freezes 冰点
【拓展】
冷：cool 凉爽；cold寒冷；freezing cold极冷
暖：warm 温暖；hot炎热；boiling hot 酷热
freeze vi.&vt. (froze, frozen) to become hard and solid because the temperature is very cold 结冰；(使)冻住
to stop moving suddenly and stay completely still
突然停止
eg The cold weather had frozen the ground.
I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.
You can use fresh or frozen fish to make the dish.
【链接】
frozen adj. 冷冻的，冷藏的；(人或身体部位) 冻僵的；(土地、湖面等)冻硬的，结冰的
frozen food 冷冻食品
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It’s _______ here. Can’t we shut a few windows
2) It was well below _______ when we left.
3) Water _______ when the temperature falls to zero.
4) The ground here is _______ for most of the year.
freezing
freezing
freezes
frozen
11. However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.
然而，她们还是没有想到能看到如此辽阔的国度，她们真的 很惊叹。
anticipate vt. to expect that something will happen and be ready for it 预料；预见
to think about something that is going to happen, especially something pleasant 期待(尤指好的事情)
anticipate doing sth. 预期做某事
It is anticipated that 据预料……
eg We anticipate that our expenses will be 15% greater.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 我们不希望出现任何问题。
2) 我没有料到要自己做饭！
3) 她预料到你会来访，连备用客房都装修好了。
【拓展】anticipation n. 预料，预期；期盼
in anticipation of sth
We don’t anticipate any trouble.
I didn’t anticipate having to do the cooking myself!
She’s decorated the spare room in anticipation of your visit.
12. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area.
她们穿越两个种植小麦的省份，在那里她们看到一片片农场覆盖了非常大片的地区。
go through: from one side of an area to the other 穿过；
eg They have to go through a hole to reach there.
where引导的非限制性定语从句
that引导的定语从句
【拓展】
go through: 经历，经受；检查；完成；用完
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) After months of efforts the work finally went through.
2) I always start the day by going through my mail.
3) He has gone through a lot since his father died.
4) We’ve gone through all those envelopes I bought last week.
我总是每天一早就查阅我的邮件。
经过数月的努力，这项工作终于完成了。
父亲过世后他受了很多苦。
我们用完了我上周买的所有信封。
【拓展】go短语
go around 四处走动，流传
go by 过去，经过
go for 出去，去找，喜欢
go in for 从事，喜欢
go out 出去，熄灭，过时
go over 研究，复习
go up 上升，上涨；建造；攀爬
13. It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
It was not until… that… 直到……才……
本句用了not…until…的强调句：It is/was not until… that + 其它。
eg It was not until the game began that he arrived at the stadium.
【句意】
上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
not…until的三种句型：正常语序、倒装、强调句型。
正常语序：
They didn’t finally reach the capital of Ontario, Toronto until 9:30 a.m.
倒装语序：
Not until 9:30 a.m. did they finally reach the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
【注意】not until位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Not until recently _________ _________ _________ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展和旅游有关的活动。
2) It wasn’t until then _________ people realized the actor had consumed quantities of wine.
直到那是人们才意识到那个演员喝了许多酒。
did they encourage
that