(共80张PPT)
Unit 3 Language in use
Module 3 Life now and then
同学们, 上一课学习的单词、短语和句型你们都掌握了吗？现在大家来检验一下, 点击下面的音频开始听写吧！
根据句意提示填空
1. People are _________ (wealthy) today, and they live ______ (long) than they did in the past.
2. But people don’t take ______ much exercise _______ they used to.
3. More people have cars, and they walk or use their bikes _______ (little) .
4. Mum, do you think that life is _______ (good) today than in the past
5. Some people think life in the past was ____________ (simple) and _________ (healthy) than today.
wealthier
as
less
Better
simpler
longer
as
healthier
Language practice
People are wealthier today, and they live longer than they did in the past.
But people don't take as much exercise as they used to.
More people have cars, and they walk or use their bikes less.
We eat better and we live longer.
1. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in brackets.
For many people, life is a lot (1) _______ (easy) today. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting (2) ______________ (healthy) and living (3) ______________(long). But communication is changing (4) ___________________ (fast) of all. Today, with the Internet, people can communicate (5) ___________ (easily) than ever before with friends all over the world. ①
easier
healthier
longer
more easily
(the) fastest
Not all the changes are (6) ________(good) ones. More people drive cars instead of riding bikes, so they are not as(7) ________ (fit) as they were. Increasing traffic makes the roads (8) _____________ (crowded) than ever, and it also makes pollution (9) ________(bad). We must all work harder to reduce pollution.
good
fit
more crowded
worse
2. Work in pairs. Look at the two pictures and talk about how the town has changed. Use the words in the box to help you.
big building busy house modern more
shop street tall traffic tree
3. Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.
heat more than seldom spare speak up
1. We ________ have time to go on holiday.
2. We do not have much ________ time because we have important exams this year.
3. Never go out in the ________ of the day without a hat.
seldom
spare
heat
heat more than seldom spare speak up
4. You have to ________ because the students in the back cannot hear you.
5. Mr Smith is ___________ a teacher. Most of his pupils think of him as their friend.
speak up
more than
4. Read the email and find three examples that show life was harder in the past than it is today.
FROM：
TO：
SUBJECT：
Gran
Christine
The lives of children in Victorian Britain
Dear Christine,
You asked me for help about your school project—the lives of children in Victorian Britain. I was also interested. I searched online and found out the following. ②
In Victorian Britain, thousands of people came to the cities to work in the factories. Instead of the green, open countryside, people lived in very small houses, very close to each other, with no space for children to play. Families in those days were quite big. Often, there were four or five children in one family, and they all had to sleep in houses of just two rooms. Sometimes, a whole street had to share one outside toilet.
Can you imagine that
Most of the big cities were dirty and unhealthy. The pollution from factories filled the air. ③ People put their rubbish outside in the streets. As a result, there were many illnesses. ④
And life was harder for children in those times. They didn't always go to school, because they had to work instead. Many children started work in factories when they were only four or five years old. They worked twelve hours a day in dangerous jobs for very little money. Many were hurt in accidents with machines. ⑤
I hope this is helpful. Write to me if you need more information.
With love,
Gran
5. Read the email again. Find sentences that tell us：
1. There was not enough living space for people.
2. Most of the big cities were dirty and unhealthy.
3. Life was harder for children in those times.
Write examples.
1. People lived in very small houses, very close to each other, with no space for children to play.
2. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
3. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
The pollution from factories filled the air. People put their rubbish outside in the streets.
They didn't always go to school, because they had to work instead.
Learning to learn
When you do a listening or reading exercise, you should read the instructions carefully. Then you can focus your attention just on the information you need. You don't have to understand every word.
6. Listen and complete the table.
Grandmother Mother
Age to start school
Age to start work
Age to get married
Number of children
Age to stop working
8 years old
14 years old
18 years old
four children
50 years old
6 years old
22 years old
24 years old
one children
55 years old
My grandmother had eight brothers and sisters. She started school when she was eight years old and left when she was fourteen. She didn’t go to university. She started work after she left school. She worked very hard in a factory. She went to work at eight o’clock in the morning and finished at six o’clock in the evening. She worked six or even seven days a week and had only a few holidays. She got married when she was eighteen and had a baby the following year. She had four children. She continued working until she was fifty years old.
My mother started school when she was six years old. At eighteen, she went to university. She started work when she was twenty-two. She works as a teacher. She works five days a week and has a long holiday in summer and winter. She got married when she was twenty-four and had a baby the next year. She only has one child—me! My mother will continue to work until she’s fifty-five.
7. Write a passage comparing the lives of the speaker's grandmother and mother in Activity 6.
The speaker's grandmother and mother have lived very different lives. Her grandmother had a much bigger family. . .
Cars
The modern car has changed life a great
deal. Before the invention of the car, people had to travel by rail, on horseback or by horse -drawn carriage, or on foot. Using horses for travel was slow, and of course walking was even slower. Cars allow people to travel long distances quickly, in comfort and convenience. ⑥
Around the world
The car also solved an enormous problem caused by using horses for transport in cities: manure! There were so many horses in large cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of the manure. Modern people are used to the idea that cars cause pollution, but the first cars actually made cities cleaner!
Module task: Organising a debate
8. Work in groups. Read the motion of the debate.
Health is more important than wealth.
Now decide who is for the motion and who is against it. You can use some of the following ideas：
For：
·Without health, wealth means nothing.
·You can enjoy life better if you are healthy.
Against：
·It is hard to be healthy without wealth.
·You can enjoy life better if you are wealthy.
9. Prepare your arguments. Give examples to support your ideas.
10. Hold the debate.
·Those for the motion give their opinions.
·Those against the motion give their opinions.
·Take turns to say what you think about each other's arguments.
11. Discuss and find out whether most people are for or against the motion.
①Today, with the Internet, people can communicate (5) _____ (easily) than ever before with friends all over the world.
communicate /k 'mju n ke t/ v. (to exchange information, news, ideas, etc. with sb. ) 联系; 交流
e. g. We want to develop a more useful communication tool for people to communicate with others. 我们想开发一款更有用的用来与他人交流的通信工具。
考点1
表示“ 与某人交流”，用communicate with sb.。其名词形式为
communication， 意为“交流；通信”。
考题1：[永州] Matthew Chimudzi wants to study Chinese so that he can have a good ___________________ (communicate) with people in China one day.
communication
返回
温馨提示：可返回原文
②I searched online and found out the following.
find out 找出; 查明。其后可接名词(短语) 、代词或从句等。
e. g. When he was a child, he liked to find out how things worked.
当他还是个孩子的时候, 他喜欢了解事情是如何运作的。
考点2
考题2：[黄冈] —China’s Tianwen 1 probe made a historic landing on Mars last week!
—What exciting news! Let’s ______ more information about it on the Internet.
A. find out B. hear of
C. shut off D. think about
【点拨】find out“找出” ; hear of“听说” ; shut off“关闭” ; think about“考虑” 。根据语境可知, 此处指“查找信息”。
A
辨析：find, find out, look for 与discover
find 意为“找到; 发现”, 强调寻找的结果。 I found a wallet on my way to school. 在我上学的路上, 我发现了一个钱包。
find out 意为“找出; 查明”, 指通过观察、调查和探索而发现事情的真相。 We should find out the cause of the fire.
我们应该找出火灾的原因。
look for 意为“寻找”, 强调寻找的动作和过程。 What are you looking for
你在找什么？
discover 意为“发现”, 多指目前客观存在的, 却不为人知的事物。 In the 19th century, gold was discovered in California. 19 世纪时, 在加利福尼亚发现了金子。
返回
③The pollution from factories filled the air.
pollution /p 'lu n/ n. (the process of making air,
water, soil, etc. dirty) 污染
e. g. Waste water from the factory is the main cause of the pollution of local rivers.
来自那家工厂的污水是当地河流污染的主要原因。
Many things pollute water, such as tires, trash, and plastic bags. 很多东西污染水, 例如轮胎、垃圾和塑料袋。
考点3
pollution是不可数名词，
其动词形式为pollute。
考题3：Some tourists throw litter here and there. This will
p the environment.
考题4：[宁波] The use of new energy cars helps to reduce air __________(污染).
ollute
pollution
返回
④As a result, there were many illnesses.
as a result 因此, 结果
考点4
辨析：as a result 与as a result of
as a result 意为“因此; 结果”, 后跟表示事情结果的句子。
as a result of 意为“由于; 作为……的结果”, 常用作状语, 后常跟名词(短语) 、代词等, 相当于because of。
e. g. Facial recognition technology is widely used for payment. As a result, we needn’t enter the passwords any more.
人脸识别技术被广泛应用于支付。因此, 我们不必再输入密码了。
He was unable to go to work as a result of falling off the horse.
由于他从马上摔了下来, 他不能去上班了。
考题5：He was late _______ the heavy snow.
A. result B. as a result
C. as a result of D. result from
【点拨】as a result of 相当于because of, 后跟名词(短语) 、代词等; 由句中的“the heavy snow”可知答案。
C
返回
⑤Many were hurt in accidents with machines.
hurt /h t/ v. (to injure sb. /yourself) 使疼痛; 使受伤
e. g. When I fell and hurt myself , my mother encouraged me to stand up and gave me a hug. 当我摔倒受伤的时候, 我妈妈鼓励我站起来并给我一个拥抱。
I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to hurt you.
对不起, 我不是故意伤害你的。
考点5
hurt 表示肉体上、感情上或精神上受到伤害，其过去式、过去分词分别为hurt,hurt。
考题6：他从一棵树上跌下, 摔伤了胳膊。
He fell off a tree and _________ his arm.
hurt
返回
⑥Cars allow people to travel long distances quickly, in comfort and convenience.
allow / 'la / v. (to let sb. /sth. do sth. ) 允许
e. g. The teacher doesn’t allow us to use mobile phones.
老师不允许我们用手机。
My parents wouldn’t allow me to go to the party.
我的父母不会允许我去参加聚会。
考点6
allow sb. to do sth.
允许某人做某事
More and more cities don’t allow smoking in public places.
越来越多的城市不允许在公共场合吸烟。
Students are not allowed to take mobile phones into the classroom. 学生不得携带手机进入教室。
be allowed to do sth.
被允许做某事
allow doing sth.
允许做某事
考题7：[泸州] As teenagers, we are not allowed _______ mobile phones into school so that we can focus on our schoolwork.
A. bring B. to bring
C. bringing D. brought
【点拨】be allowed to do sth. “被允许做某事”, 动词不定式作主语补足语。
B
返回
形容词与副词
形容词的句法功能
考点1
修饰名词 作定语 Country music is a kind of sweet music.
乡村音乐是一种动听的音乐。
位于系动词 之后作表语 As a singer, she is very popular.
作为一名歌手, 她很受欢迎。
用作宾语 补足语 You should keep your bedroom clean and tidy.
你应该保持你的卧室干净和整洁。
修饰不定代词如something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody 等时, 形容词要放在这些词之后。
e. g. I have something interesting to tell you.
我有有趣的事情要告诉你。
考向1
考题1：[铜仁] —What’s the matter with my throat, doctor
—_______. Drinking more hot water is OK.
A. Something serious
B. Nothing serious
C. Serious something
D. Serious nothing
B
当多个形容词作定语修饰同一个名词时, 它们的排列顺序为：限定词 +描绘性形容词 + 表示特征的形容词 + 表示颜色的形容词 + 国籍 + 材料 + 用途 +类别 + 被修饰的名词。(注：限定词包括冠词、指示代词、物主代词、数词等)
e. g. It’s the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge.
它是第一座美丽的中国小白石桥。
考向2
速记小法：
多个形容词作定语的顺序口诀：
限定描述大长高；形状年龄与新旧；
颜色国籍和材料；用途类别往后靠。
考题2：They have got such a _______ table.
A. round wooden brown
B. round brown wooden
C. brown round wooden
D. brown wooden round
【点拨】根据多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序可知, 这三个形容词的排列顺序为：形状 + 颜色 + 材料。
B
副词的句法功能及分类
副词的句法功能：副词一般用作状语, 修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句, 表示程度、方式等。
e. g. Tom can speak Chinese very well.
汤姆能够说汉语说得很好。
考点2
考向1
考题3：[连云港] On April 16th, astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu _______ came back to Earth from the Tiangong space station.
A. widely B. especially
C. highly D. safely
【点拨】根据句意可知, 三位宇航员安全地返回地球。空格处为副词修饰动词, 故选safely。
D
副词的分类：副词可以分为以下几种：
① 时间副词：now, today, then, soon 等。
② 地点副词：everywhere, upstairs, outside 等。
③ 频度副词：always, often, usually, seldom, never 等。
④ 程度副词：much, quite, pretty, too, very 等。
⑤ 方式副词：clearly, slowly, politely, suddenly 等。
⑥ 疑问副词：when, where, how, why 等。
⑦ 关系副词：when, where, why 等。
考向2
考题4：[天津] Although he failed many times, he _______ gave up his dream.
A. nearly B. never
C. often D. always
【点拨】nearly 几乎; never 从不; often经常; always 总是。根据句意可知, 虽然他失败了, 但是他从不放弃。
B
以-ly 结尾的形容词和副词
形容词变为副词的规则如下：
1. 一般情况下, 在形容词后加-ly。如：careful → carefully; quick → quickly
2. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的单词变y为i, 加-ly。如：easy → easily
3. 一些以不发音的字母e 结尾的单词需去e 加-ly。如：true → truly
考点3
考向1
考题5：[温州] There was a storm yesterday. ______, most of the flowers in my garden are still alive.
A. Clearly B. Luckily
C. Suddenly D. Firstly
【点拨】根据“most of the flowers in my garden are still alive”可知在暴风雨后花大部分都还活着, 这是幸运的。
B
有些单词虽然以-ly 结尾, 但却是形容词, 这类形容词大都是“名词 + ly”构成的。如：lovely, friendly 等。
考向2
考题6：[武威] Smile and greet others in a _________ (friend) way.
friendly
形容词和副词的同级比较及倍数表达
同级比较肯定句中一般用as. . . as. . . 结构, 意为“和……一样……”; 否定句中经常用not so/as. . . as. . . , 表示“不如……”。
注意：as. . . as. . . 之间一定要用形容词或副词的原级。
e. g. Li Lei writes as carefully as Kate.
李雷写得和凯特一样认真。
考点4
考向1
考题7：[黄石] Dr. Yuan Longping had a dream that he could develop rice as ________ as peanuts(花生).
A. large B. largest
C. larger D. the largest
【点拨】as. . . as. . . 意为“与…… 一样……”, 中间需用形容词或副词的原级。
A
表示倍数用“A + 谓语动词 + 倍数 + as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as + B”。
e. g. Our school is twice as big as yours.
我们学校是你们学校的两倍大。
考向2
考题8：那座山比这座山要高一倍。
That mountain is _______ _______ _______ _______ this one.
twice as tall as
形容词和副词的比较级
形容词、副词的比较级结构：
考点5
考向
比较级+ than. . . Our school is bigger than yours.
我们的学校比你们的学校大。
the + 比较级+ of the two. . . Lily is the taller of the two girls.
莉莉是两个女孩中较高的一个。
比较级+ and + 比较级 more and more beautiful
越来越美丽
the +比较级, the + 比较级 The harder you work, the better you’ll do.
你工作越努力, 你做得就会越好。
特殊疑问词+ be 动词/ 行为动词+ 比较级, A or B ？ Who runs faster, Tony or Jack ？
托尼和杰克, 谁跑得更快些？
考题9：[昆明] The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the _______ it will be for our future.
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst
【点拨】英语中“the+ 比较级, the+ 比较级”表示“越……, 就越……”; 本题中表达的意思是“我们越早采取行动保护环境, 对我们的未来就越好。”
A
形容词、副词的最高级
形容词、副词的最高级结构：
考点6
考向
最 高 级 (the +) 最高级+ of/in. . .
one of the + 形容词最高级+ 复数名词
the + 序数词+ 形容词最高级+ 名词
the + 形容词最高级+ 名词+ 定语从句
特殊疑问词+ 谓语动词+ the + 最高级, A, B or C ？
e. g. My mother always gets up earliest in my family.
在我家我妈妈总是起得最早。
one of the tallest boys 最高的男孩之一
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长的河。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
这是我曾经看过的电影中最好的一部。
Who is the tallest, Jim, Jack or Peter
谁是最高的, 吉姆、杰克还是彼得？
考题10：[乐山] —Did you see the football match yesterday
—Yes! I think it is the _______ game that I have ever seen.
A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting
【点拨】根据“that I have ever seen”可知, 需要用形容词的最高级most exciting。
C
形容词和副词的比较级的修饰语
比较级的修饰语常置于所修饰的形容词或副词的比较级之前, 常见的比较级修饰语有：much, a lot, even 等。
e. g. China is much larger than Japan.
中国比日本大得多。
考点7
考题11：[北京] After taking tennis classes, Tim is much _______ than last year.
A. strong B. stronger
C. strongest D. the strongest
【点拨】“much 加形容词或副词的比较级”意为“……得多”。
B
世界在发展, 生活在变化, 社会的进步让我们的生活越来越好。请通过下面表格, 从信息来源、购物方式、居住环境、联系方式等方面, 以“How Life Changes”为题写一篇短文。
模块话题
In the past Now
① newspaper radio TV mobile phone computer
② shop online shop
③ old and dirty house big and bright apartment
④ letter postcard email WeChat
(请再列举1-2个方面) (请再列举1-2 个方面)
要求：
1. 词数100 左右;
2. 请先简要介绍表格中的内容, 再根据生活实际列举1~2 个方面, 可适当发挥;
3. 不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名;
4. 字迹工整, 语言流畅, 表达正确, 逻辑清晰。
How Life Changes
___________________________________________________
审题指导
1. 本文为生活变化类话题, 一般是先描述过去的情况, 然后再描述现在的情况, 将两者进行对比。注意表格提示要点不要遗漏, 可适当发挥。
2. 在描述过去的情况时, 一般用过去时态; 描述现在的情况时, 一般用现在时态。
3. 注意文中比较级的运用。
写作方法
“对比法”写生活变化类作文：
在写作时应根据主题, 利用对比的手法介绍人们生活所发生的变化：引出主题—介绍变化(由过去到现在) —表达观点。
写作模板
“对比法” 写生活变化类作文 引出主题 Great changes have taken place in our life. 介绍变化 In the past · Information: newspaper, radio, TV
· Shopping: shop · House: old and dirty
· Communication: letter, postcard
· Transportation: bicycle
Now · Information: mobile phone, computer
· Shopping: online shop
· House: big and bright apartment
· Communication: email, WeChat, QQ
· Transportation: car
表达观点 In a word, people live better than before. 经典词句
单词 change, information, mainly, send, dirty, online, whenever, enough
短语 take place, keep in touch, have to, by email, more and more, in a word
句型 1. Children used to go to school by bicycle.
2. What’s more, people can talk to others by email, WeChat or QQ, with which they can send and receive messages whenever they like.
3. In a word, people live better than before.
范文赏析
How Life Changes
Great changes have taken place in our life.
In the past, people read newspapers, listened to the radio and watched TV for news and other information. People kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or sending postcards. They would buy everything in the shop or market. Big families had to share small houses which were old and dirty. Children used to go to school by bicycle.
But now people can get information on the mobile phones or computers almost at any place and at any time. They can buy things online at home. What’s more, people can talk to others by email, WeChat or QQ, with which they can send and receive messages whenever they like. More and more people live in big and bright apartments with several rooms. Some families are rich enough to send their children to school in their own cars.
In a word, people live better than before.
名师点评
本文开篇点题, 接着根据提示及要求, 用对比法具体介绍了过去和现在生活的变化。层次分明, 要点齐全。同时, 文中which引导的非限制性定语从句的使用提高了本文的档次。文中一些固定短语, 如“take place, keep in touch, used to, more and more, in a word. . . ”的妙用为文章增色不少, 是一篇难得的佳作。
本节课主要学习了以过去生活和现在生活的不同为主要内容的邮件, 掌握了知识点think of…as, find out, as a result的用法, 做了练习题并进行了语言练习。
