人教版（2019）必修 第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage单元主题训练(Word版含答案）
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必修2 Unit 1 Cultural heritage单元检测卷
第一部分 基础知识检测.
一．单词拼写
1．What do you think we have to lose if we fail to preserve our cultural _________________ (遗产)
2．He is well _____________ (保护) so he looks younger.
3．He often thinks of his ______________ (以前的) English teacher who helped him a lot in senior high school.
4．Her ____________ (提升) to sales manager made us happy.
5．This bridge is a _____________ (遗迹) of ancient times.
6. It was amazing that she solved the problem ________________(创造性地）last night.
7. Wait and play are both necessary to health. The _____________(前者) gives us energy and the latter gives us rest.
8. I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a _________________(限制）to what I can do.
9. Only in this way can we keep_________________(平衡) between study and pleasure.
10. We should _________________(捐赠）some money to those who are in trouble.
11. We must do our best to prevent these historic site from _____________________(消失) .
12. The committee met several times to discuss these important __________________(问题).
13.The kind sister has __________________（原谅）her younger brother.
二、用所给单词的正确形式完成句子
1.Dragon Dance and Lion Dance are ________ (tradition) performed during the Spring Festival.
2.We could do nothing but wait for __________ (far）information, though it is not what we wish to do.
3. If you ____________ (comparison) this book with that one, you will find this one much more
Interesting.
4.Martin's idea was to create some interesting _________ (image) and then move on to another
subject.
5.Everyone is __________ (limit) in his energy, so we cannot do everything all by ourselves.
6.The _____________ (history) building is as much part of our heritage as the paintings.
7.With the development of science and technology, many of today's medical images are
processed______________(digital).
8. He was ashamed of himself and asked for ___________ (forgive).
9. You shared your life to me all ______________ the year.
10. This kind of washing machine is __________ high quality so that it sells well all over the country.
11. ____________ my opinion learning English is a step-by-step process.
The band is on a tour to p their new album.
三、 单句语法填空（共20小题，每题1分，共20分）
1．Mr. Green said that Suzhou was the first city ________ he had visited in China.
2．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
3．________ is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
4．Tom is a warm-hearted person, ________ is willing to help others.
5．He bought me a valuable bike, ________ is worth more than 1,000 yuan.
6．This was the reason ________ he took apart the machine.
7．This is the room ________ my grandma used to live.
8．This is the room ________ my grandma used to live in.
9．Today is Stephen Hawking's 70th birthday, ________ is one of the most famous scientists in the world.
10．The German Football Team left the World Cup halfway, ________ made its fans heartbroken.
第二部分 能力提升
第一节、阅读理解
A
Here are a few things to watch out for when you move somewhere new or are returning home after a long time away.
Be careful on the road!
The first thing that I did when I got out of the airport was to cross the road，but I looked the wrong way！In the UK the cars drive on the left hand side of the road whereas in Spain they drive on the right.I almost got run over because I was still thinking I was in Spain.You have to be very careful.
There's another strange one from travelling on the road.In Mallorca，most of the time，pedestrians(行人) can cross the road by walking on the road without stopping and the car will stop for them.In the UK，however，you have to be careful to wait for the cars to stop or else you might end up in the hospital very quickly!
Drink water.
In Spain，most people buy large bottles of water to drink.In the UK the filtering(过滤) of the water means that you can drink straight from the tap.On my first night back I forgot that I could drink water from the taps and spent the night wishing I had a bottle of water.When I woke up，I realized how silly I had been.
Time is different.
In Spain there is a small break during the day to have a nap for the rest of the day.You also might only think about going out for a drink with friends in Spain at 11 p．m. In the UK that is already past the bedtime!
1．What can we conclude from the text
A．The author is used to living in Spain.
B．The author hopes to return to Mallorca soon.
C．The author doesn't like the life in the UK at all.
D．The author can't look after himself well.
2．Why was the author almost run over in the UK
A．He was crossing an unfamiliar road.
B．He was thinking in the middle of the road.
C．He was looking the wrong way on the road.
D．He was running on the right hand side of the road.
3．Compared with the traffic in the UK，traffic in Mallorca for pedestrians is more ．
A．dangerous B．important
C．crowded D．secure
4．On the first night back home，the author ．
A．drank some water from the tap
B．had a big meal in a restaurant
C．bought a bottle of water
D．didn't drink water at all
B
Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family.When she was young，she took lessons in music and drawing，and read great books.She also travelled a great deal with her mother and father.
As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure.She enjoyed helping them.
At last，her mind was made up.“I'm going to be a nurse，” she decided.
“Nursing isn't the right work for a lady，” her father told her.
“Then I will make it so，” she smiled.And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.When she returned to England，Florence started a nursing home for women.
During the Crimean War in 1854，she went with a group of thirty eight nurses to the front hospital.What they saw there was terrible.Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital，either.But the brave nurses went to work.
Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes，beds，medicines and food for the men.Her only pay was the smiles from the lips of dying soldiers.But they were more than enough for this kind woman.
After war，she returned to England and was honoured for her service by Queen Victoria.But Florence said that her work had just begun.She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health，which was printed in several countries.
Florence Nightingale passed away at the age of ninety，still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse.Indeed，it is because of her that we honour nurses today.
5．During the Crimean War in 1854，Florence served in the front hospital where ．
A．she earned a lot of money
B．work was very difficult
C．few soldiers died because of her work
D．she didn't have enough food and clothes
6．Why was Florence honoured by Queen Victoria
A．Because she built the Nightingale Home for Nurses.
B．Because of her old age.
C．Because she worked as a nurse all her life.
D．Because she did a great deal of work during the Crimean War.
7．The passage can be best described as ．
A．the life story of a famous woman
B．a description of the nursing work
C．an example of successful education
D．the history of nursing in England
8．When she was a child，Florence ．
A．wrote a book on public health
B．knew what her duty in life was
C．loved to help the sick people
D．was most interested in music and drawing
C
Two-thirds of the world’s major rivers have now been disrupted(中断) with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power. In the US, there are more than 85,000 dams, disrupting large and small rivers and in most cases transforming natural flow. The most famous of these, the Hoover Dam constructed in the 1930’s, is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams, besides all their attractive benefits, also have negative impacts. Creating a reservoir(水库) means a large area must be munities may lose their land houses and cultural relies(遗址). Down stream of a dam, the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.
Environmentally, the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife especially birds. However, it can cause greenhouse gas emissions(排放) and poison the water for fish. Also, the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with, resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs. Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows, for example, may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Dams don't just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields. They also prevent fish migrations and are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物) flows. Instead of rushing downriver, sediments get backed up against the dam wall, which causes the reservoir level to increase over time. However, sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem. The fertility of the entire system can be influenced be influenced by soils lost during seasonal rains, not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas(三角洲), often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans. Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city, causing the urban weight to sink and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced. The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
9.What effects does creating a reservoir have on people's life
a. People will see fewer birds near the rivers.
b. Farmers below the dam may have less water to irrigate their fields.
c. Visitors can't see some cultural relics anymore.
d. More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e. All kinds of fish will become extinct in the future.
A. b c B .c e C .b e D. a d
10.With many dams built across rivers, fish will _______.
A. find more places to lay their eggs
B. face a more dangerous living habitat
C. feed on more sediments rich in nutrients
D. find it easier to deal with the rise of water
11.How can dams influence the cities like Shanghai
A. The rainy season will last longer
B. Rich soils will be washed away
C. Their entire system will be influenced
D. They will lie below sea level in the future
12.What does the text mainly talk about
A. Economic gain of dams B. Cultural loss of dams
C. Environmental loss of dams D. Environmental benefits of dams
D
Notre-Dame, the cathedral (大教堂) that serves as one of Paris’ most beloved monuments, is on fire. According to The New York Times the fire began around 6: 30 p.m. local time when tourists urgently rushed out of the building. Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times that the cause of the fire was still unknown and that no one had been hurt while damage to the building appeared catastrophic(灾难性的).
CNN reports that over 400 firefighters have been sent to fight the fire, but that they may be unable to save the cathedral. Built in the 12th century, Notre-Dame houses several relics important to Catholics (天主教徒). NBC News reports that relics from Saint Genevieve and Saint Denis may be lost, together with a relic believed to be from Jesus Christ’s crown of thorns, but it states that the authorities now believe that the cathedral has been saved from “total destruction”.
Notre-Dame is visited by a reported 30,000 people a day and 13 million people per year. Its destruction represents a global cultural loss. “This is just horrible,” Mohamed Megdoul, 33, a film producer and witness to the fire told The Times, speaking in tears. “A thousand years of history is being wiped away. This belonged to the whole world, and now it’s disappearing.”
French President Emmanuel Macron expressed his sadness on Twitter. Other politicians, including Melania Trump, London Mayor Sadiq Khan, U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May, also shared their sadness on Twitter.
13.What do we know about Notre-Dame according to the passage
A.It has been completely destroyed by the fire. B.It’s a huge political loss to the world.
C.It’s only meaningful to Catholics. D.The reason of the fire remained to be found out.
14.What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph imply
A.The history of France is destroyed because of the fire. B.The loss the fire caused is huge.
C.The damage to Notre-Dame is being wiped off. D.The cathedral has been saved from “total destruction”.
15.What’s the purpose of writing the passage
A.To report a disaster about Notre-Dame. B.To express people’s sadness about the destruction.
C.To emphasize the value of Notre-Dame. D.To show the worldwide concern.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No one likes to fail.Whether it's at work，at home，or in another area of your life，failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time，money，or both. 16 If you never suffer a failure，then you're probably not pushing yourself to your full potential.The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you've failed.
Remember that other people fail too. 17 They'll tell you about that great new contract they signed，not the deal that failed eventually though they worked on it for months.But failure is normal，and lots of people fail time and time again before meeting with success.
Remind yourself of your past successes.Failing doesn't mean that you're worthless，or that you'll never achieve the things you want. 18 Maybe you had high marks last term，or you lost weight，or you learned to play a musical instrument.You might want to write down a list of successes—things that you've accomplished over the past few years，whether big or small.If you ever lack confidence，you can go back and read over that list.
19 Your past successes are important，but so are your past failures.You've made mistakes before，and you've survived them.Perhaps you did badly in an exam，or lost your temper and had to apologize.It's not fun to think about the times when things went wrong，but by acknowledging your failures，you can remind yourself that today is no different.Just as you recovered in the past，you can recover from your recent failure too.
20 Whatever went wrong，you're probably facing some sort of decision.Don't rush into making hasty decision，but do look for a forward path.That might require some deep thinking.
A．Make a decision.
B．Limit the damage caused.
C．Remind yourself of your past failures.
D．However，failure is a normal part of life.
E．Get some advice and support from others.
F．Most people don't talk openly about their failures.
G．Think of all the times in the past when you've succeeded.
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist？A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts，and therefore 2 to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 3 and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 4 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon，the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived between the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 5 that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us，and he himself 6 many important truths.
Galileo(1564－1642)，however，who lived more than 300 years later，was the greatest of several great men in Italy，France，Germany，and England， 7 began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo，learned men believed that large bodies fell more 8 towards the earth than small ones， 9 Aristotle said so. But Galileo，going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，let fall two 10 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's 11 of going direct to nature，and proving our opinions and theories by experiment，that has 12 all the discoveries of modern science.
What 13 those people good scientists？From the example of Galileo，we know 14 that successful scientists are those whose observations have 15 better results.
1．A.use B．sense
C．speed D．trust
2．A.refuses B．desires
C．intends D．regrets
3．A.casually B．carefully
C．quickly D．privately
4．A.date B．keep
C．look D．come
5．A.command B．suspect
C．suggest D．conclude
6．A.brought B．discovered
C．handled D．announced
7．A.who B．when
C．that D．where
8．A.slowly B．rapidly
C．lightly D．heavily
9．A.although B．because
C．when D．if
10．A.big B．small
C．similar D．unequal
11．A.spirit B．skill
C．theory D．wish
12．A.led to B．turned to
C．set up D．put forward
13．A.makes B．prevents
C．considers D．promises
14．A.likely B．clearly
C．naturally D．unwillingly
15．A.foreseen B．rejected
C．produced D．challenged
非选择题部分
第二节 语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Dad，
On this date of your 50th birthday，Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago. In your letter，you 1. (wish) me to be strong minded and successful. You were looking forward to 2. (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for 3. (me) and others.
After reading this letter，I feel quite 4. (shock) at your 5.
(expect) on me. I also feel shamed of not having performed well 6. (meet) your demand. I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed to apply myself to studying. I was addicted to computer games. As a consequence，I soon became the last one in my class. You didn't abuse me at all.7. the contrary，you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard. Only 8. I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself.
I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you. Wish you 9. (health) and happy. I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being 10. brave and successful person.
第三节 短文改错
My parents and I went to the park on last Sunday. There were lots of visitors stood in front
of the ticket window. We waited a long time and buy three tickets. In the Tiger Mountain of the
park, I was too eager to see the fierce frightened animals that I quickened my steps through the
crowd. Unfortunate, I got separated from my parents. I had hard time looking for him, but I had no
luck. Wandering in the park, I felt alone without any companions. Worse still, I had no oney, so I
had to walk home, covered as much as 5 kilometers.
第四部分 写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（15分）
每年，国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行，届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科学家颁奖。请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。
1．党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展；
2．作为一名高中生，你应该如何去做。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．短文要求包含所有要点，但不要逐条翻译；
3．可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
4．开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Every year，the National Science Technology Award Ceremony is held in the Great Hall of the People.
【答案】
一．单词拼写
1．heritage 2..preserved 3. former 4. Promotion 5.relic 6. creatively
7.former 8. limit 9.balance 10. contribute/donate 11. disappearing
12.issues 13. Forgiven
二、用所给单词的正确形式完成句子
1.traditionally 2.further 3.compare 4.images 5.limited 6.historic 7. digitally 8. Forgiveness
9. throughout 10.of 11.In
三、 .单句语法填空
1．that 2.when 3.As 4.who 5.which
6.why 7.where 8.that/which 9.who 10.which
一、阅读理解
1-4 ACDD B:5-8 BDAC 9-12 ABDC
解析：9.细节理解题。根据第二段Communities may lose their land houses and cultural relies和that farmers cannot irrigate their fields可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水淹没了一些文化遗迹，并且导致下游 的农民无法灌溉农作物。故选A。
10.细节理解题。根据第三段中的it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water for fish.可知，随着大坝的修建， 蓄水会释放出温室气体，使水有毒，所以鱼的生活环境会变得危险。故选B。
11.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans.以及最后一句可知，未来有一天，上海将会被海水淹没。故选D。
12.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是修建大坝对环境造成的不利影响
13-15 DBA
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times that the cause of the fire was still unknown and that no one had been hurt while damage to the building appeared catastrophic(灾难性的).”可知,这起火灾的原因还不得而知,对建筑的破坏是灾难性的,并没有说建筑被完全破坏了。故选D。
14.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Its destruction represents a global cultural loss.”可知,它的毁灭代表着全球文化的损失。显然火灾造成的损失是巨大的。故选B。
15.A 推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。因此本文的目的是报道巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大灾难。故选A。
【七选五】1-5DFGCA
【完形填空】
1-5AABAC 6-10BABBD 11-15AAABC
【语法填空】
1．wished 2．seeing 3．myself 4．shocked 5．expectation
6．to meet 7．On 8 ．when 9．healthy 10．a
My parents and I went to the park on last Sunday. There were lots of visitors stood in front
standing
of the ticket window. We waited a long time and buy three tickets. In the Tiger Mountain of the
bought
park, I was too eager to see the fierce frightened animals that I quickened my steps through the
so frightening
crowd. Unfortunate, I got separated from my parents. I had ∧ hard time looking for him, but
Unfortunately a them
I had no luck. Wandering in the park, I felt alone without any companions. Worse still, I had no
lonely
money, so I had to walk home, covered as much as 5 kilometers.
covering
【写作】
【应用文】
Every year，the National Science Technology Award Ceremony is held in the Great Hall of the People.At that time，the top leaders of our country award medals to scientists who achieve those goals.
It's clear that the government attaches great importance to science and technology.There's no doubt that science and technology play a vital part in a country's development.Those who receive the awards deserve them because，through years of hard work，they have made outstanding contributions to our country.China needs more scientists and inventors like them.
As a senior school student，I'll try my best to learn all my subjects well so as to serve the society as well as our country.
第一部分 基础知识检测.
一．单词拼写
1．What do you think we have to lose if we fail to preserve our cultural _________________ (遗产)
2．He is well _____________ (保护) so he looks younger.
3．He often thinks of his ______________ (以前的) English teacher who helped him a lot in senior high school.
4．Her ____________ (提升) to sales manager made us happy.
5．This bridge is a _____________ (遗迹) of ancient times.
6. It was amazing that she solved the problem ________________(创造性地）last night.
7. Wait and play are both necessary to health. The _____________(前者) gives us energy and the latter gives us rest.
8. I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a _________________(限制）to what I can do.
9. Only in this way can we keep_________________(平衡) between study and pleasure.
10. We should _________________(捐赠）some money to those who are in trouble.
11. We must do our best to prevent these historic site from _____________________(消失) .
12. The committee met several times to discuss these important __________________(问题).
13.The kind sister has __________________（原谅）her younger brother.
二、用所给单词的正确形式完成句子
1.Dragon Dance and Lion Dance are ________ (tradition) performed during the Spring Festival.
2.We could do nothing but wait for __________ (far）information, though it is not what we wish to do.
3. If you ____________ (comparison) this book with that one, you will find this one much more
Interesting.
4.Martin's idea was to create some interesting _________ (image) and then move on to another
subject.
5.Everyone is __________ (limit) in his energy, so we cannot do everything all by ourselves.
6.The _____________ (history) building is as much part of our heritage as the paintings.
7.With the development of science and technology, many of today's medical images are
processed______________(digital).
8. He was ashamed of himself and asked for ___________ (forgive).
9. You shared your life to me all ______________ the year.
10. This kind of washing machine is __________ high quality so that it sells well all over the country.
11. ____________ my opinion learning English is a step-by-step process.
The band is on a tour to p their new album.
三、 单句语法填空（共20小题，每题1分，共20分）
1．Mr. Green said that Suzhou was the first city ________ he had visited in China.
2．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
3．________ is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
4．Tom is a warm-hearted person, ________ is willing to help others.
5．He bought me a valuable bike, ________ is worth more than 1,000 yuan.
6．This was the reason ________ he took apart the machine.
7．This is the room ________ my grandma used to live.
8．This is the room ________ my grandma used to live in.
9．Today is Stephen Hawking's 70th birthday, ________ is one of the most famous scientists in the world.
10．The German Football Team left the World Cup halfway, ________ made its fans heartbroken.
第二部分 能力提升
第一节、阅读理解
A
Here are a few things to watch out for when you move somewhere new or are returning home after a long time away.
Be careful on the road!
The first thing that I did when I got out of the airport was to cross the road，but I looked the wrong way！In the UK the cars drive on the left hand side of the road whereas in Spain they drive on the right.I almost got run over because I was still thinking I was in Spain.You have to be very careful.
There's another strange one from travelling on the road.In Mallorca，most of the time，pedestrians(行人) can cross the road by walking on the road without stopping and the car will stop for them.In the UK，however，you have to be careful to wait for the cars to stop or else you might end up in the hospital very quickly!
Drink water.
In Spain，most people buy large bottles of water to drink.In the UK the filtering(过滤) of the water means that you can drink straight from the tap.On my first night back I forgot that I could drink water from the taps and spent the night wishing I had a bottle of water.When I woke up，I realized how silly I had been.
Time is different.
In Spain there is a small break during the day to have a nap for the rest of the day.You also might only think about going out for a drink with friends in Spain at 11 p．m. In the UK that is already past the bedtime!
1．What can we conclude from the text
A．The author is used to living in Spain.
B．The author hopes to return to Mallorca soon.
C．The author doesn't like the life in the UK at all.
D．The author can't look after himself well.
2．Why was the author almost run over in the UK
A．He was crossing an unfamiliar road.
B．He was thinking in the middle of the road.
C．He was looking the wrong way on the road.
D．He was running on the right hand side of the road.
3．Compared with the traffic in the UK，traffic in Mallorca for pedestrians is more ．
A．dangerous B．important
C．crowded D．secure
4．On the first night back home，the author ．
A．drank some water from the tap
B．had a big meal in a restaurant
C．bought a bottle of water
D．didn't drink water at all
B
Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family.When she was young，she took lessons in music and drawing，and read great books.She also travelled a great deal with her mother and father.
As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure.She enjoyed helping them.
At last，her mind was made up.“I'm going to be a nurse，” she decided.
“Nursing isn't the right work for a lady，” her father told her.
“Then I will make it so，” she smiled.And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.When she returned to England，Florence started a nursing home for women.
During the Crimean War in 1854，she went with a group of thirty eight nurses to the front hospital.What they saw there was terrible.Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital，either.But the brave nurses went to work.
Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes，beds，medicines and food for the men.Her only pay was the smiles from the lips of dying soldiers.But they were more than enough for this kind woman.
After war，she returned to England and was honoured for her service by Queen Victoria.But Florence said that her work had just begun.She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health，which was printed in several countries.
Florence Nightingale passed away at the age of ninety，still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse.Indeed，it is because of her that we honour nurses today.
5．During the Crimean War in 1854，Florence served in the front hospital where ．
A．she earned a lot of money
B．work was very difficult
C．few soldiers died because of her work
D．she didn't have enough food and clothes
6．Why was Florence honoured by Queen Victoria
A．Because she built the Nightingale Home for Nurses.
B．Because of her old age.
C．Because she worked as a nurse all her life.
D．Because she did a great deal of work during the Crimean War.
7．The passage can be best described as ．
A．the life story of a famous woman
B．a description of the nursing work
C．an example of successful education
D．the history of nursing in England
8．When she was a child，Florence ．
A．wrote a book on public health
B．knew what her duty in life was
C．loved to help the sick people
D．was most interested in music and drawing
C
Two-thirds of the world’s major rivers have now been disrupted(中断) with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power. In the US, there are more than 85,000 dams, disrupting large and small rivers and in most cases transforming natural flow. The most famous of these, the Hoover Dam constructed in the 1930’s, is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams, besides all their attractive benefits, also have negative impacts. Creating a reservoir(水库) means a large area must be munities may lose their land houses and cultural relies(遗址). Down stream of a dam, the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.
Environmentally, the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife especially birds. However, it can cause greenhouse gas emissions(排放) and poison the water for fish. Also, the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with, resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs. Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows, for example, may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Dams don't just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields. They also prevent fish migrations and are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物) flows. Instead of rushing downriver, sediments get backed up against the dam wall, which causes the reservoir level to increase over time. However, sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem. The fertility of the entire system can be influenced be influenced by soils lost during seasonal rains, not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas(三角洲), often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans. Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city, causing the urban weight to sink and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced. The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
9.What effects does creating a reservoir have on people's life
a. People will see fewer birds near the rivers.
b. Farmers below the dam may have less water to irrigate their fields.
c. Visitors can't see some cultural relics anymore.
d. More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e. All kinds of fish will become extinct in the future.
A. b c B .c e C .b e D. a d
10.With many dams built across rivers, fish will _______.
A. find more places to lay their eggs
B. face a more dangerous living habitat
C. feed on more sediments rich in nutrients
D. find it easier to deal with the rise of water
11.How can dams influence the cities like Shanghai
A. The rainy season will last longer
B. Rich soils will be washed away
C. Their entire system will be influenced
D. They will lie below sea level in the future
12.What does the text mainly talk about
A. Economic gain of dams B. Cultural loss of dams
C. Environmental loss of dams D. Environmental benefits of dams
D
Notre-Dame, the cathedral (大教堂) that serves as one of Paris’ most beloved monuments, is on fire. According to The New York Times the fire began around 6: 30 p.m. local time when tourists urgently rushed out of the building. Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times that the cause of the fire was still unknown and that no one had been hurt while damage to the building appeared catastrophic(灾难性的).
CNN reports that over 400 firefighters have been sent to fight the fire, but that they may be unable to save the cathedral. Built in the 12th century, Notre-Dame houses several relics important to Catholics (天主教徒). NBC News reports that relics from Saint Genevieve and Saint Denis may be lost, together with a relic believed to be from Jesus Christ’s crown of thorns, but it states that the authorities now believe that the cathedral has been saved from “total destruction”.
Notre-Dame is visited by a reported 30,000 people a day and 13 million people per year. Its destruction represents a global cultural loss. “This is just horrible,” Mohamed Megdoul, 33, a film producer and witness to the fire told The Times, speaking in tears. “A thousand years of history is being wiped away. This belonged to the whole world, and now it’s disappearing.”
French President Emmanuel Macron expressed his sadness on Twitter. Other politicians, including Melania Trump, London Mayor Sadiq Khan, U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May, also shared their sadness on Twitter.
13.What do we know about Notre-Dame according to the passage
A.It has been completely destroyed by the fire. B.It’s a huge political loss to the world.
C.It’s only meaningful to Catholics. D.The reason of the fire remained to be found out.
14.What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph imply
A.The history of France is destroyed because of the fire. B.The loss the fire caused is huge.
C.The damage to Notre-Dame is being wiped off. D.The cathedral has been saved from “total destruction”.
15.What’s the purpose of writing the passage
A.To report a disaster about Notre-Dame. B.To express people’s sadness about the destruction.
C.To emphasize the value of Notre-Dame. D.To show the worldwide concern.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No one likes to fail.Whether it's at work，at home，or in another area of your life，failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time，money，or both. 16 If you never suffer a failure，then you're probably not pushing yourself to your full potential.The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you've failed.
Remember that other people fail too. 17 They'll tell you about that great new contract they signed，not the deal that failed eventually though they worked on it for months.But failure is normal，and lots of people fail time and time again before meeting with success.
Remind yourself of your past successes.Failing doesn't mean that you're worthless，or that you'll never achieve the things you want. 18 Maybe you had high marks last term，or you lost weight，or you learned to play a musical instrument.You might want to write down a list of successes—things that you've accomplished over the past few years，whether big or small.If you ever lack confidence，you can go back and read over that list.
19 Your past successes are important，but so are your past failures.You've made mistakes before，and you've survived them.Perhaps you did badly in an exam，or lost your temper and had to apologize.It's not fun to think about the times when things went wrong，but by acknowledging your failures，you can remind yourself that today is no different.Just as you recovered in the past，you can recover from your recent failure too.
20 Whatever went wrong，you're probably facing some sort of decision.Don't rush into making hasty decision，but do look for a forward path.That might require some deep thinking.
A．Make a decision.
B．Limit the damage caused.
C．Remind yourself of your past failures.
D．However，failure is a normal part of life.
E．Get some advice and support from others.
F．Most people don't talk openly about their failures.
G．Think of all the times in the past when you've succeeded.
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist？A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious facts，and therefore 2 to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 3 and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 4 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon，the wonderful philosopher of Oxford，who lived between the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 5 that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us，and he himself 6 many important truths.
Galileo(1564－1642)，however，who lived more than 300 years later，was the greatest of several great men in Italy，France，Germany，and England， 7 began to show how many important truths could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo，learned men believed that large bodies fell more 8 towards the earth than small ones， 9 Aristotle said so. But Galileo，going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa，let fall two 10 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's 11 of going direct to nature，and proving our opinions and theories by experiment，that has 12 all the discoveries of modern science.
What 13 those people good scientists？From the example of Galileo，we know 14 that successful scientists are those whose observations have 15 better results.
1．A.use B．sense
C．speed D．trust
2．A.refuses B．desires
C．intends D．regrets
3．A.casually B．carefully
C．quickly D．privately
4．A.date B．keep
C．look D．come
5．A.command B．suspect
C．suggest D．conclude
6．A.brought B．discovered
C．handled D．announced
7．A.who B．when
C．that D．where
8．A.slowly B．rapidly
C．lightly D．heavily
9．A.although B．because
C．when D．if
10．A.big B．small
C．similar D．unequal
11．A.spirit B．skill
C．theory D．wish
12．A.led to B．turned to
C．set up D．put forward
13．A.makes B．prevents
C．considers D．promises
14．A.likely B．clearly
C．naturally D．unwillingly
15．A.foreseen B．rejected
C．produced D．challenged
非选择题部分
第二节 语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Dad，
On this date of your 50th birthday，Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago. In your letter，you 1. (wish) me to be strong minded and successful. You were looking forward to 2. (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for 3. (me) and others.
After reading this letter，I feel quite 4. (shock) at your 5.
(expect) on me. I also feel shamed of not having performed well 6. (meet) your demand. I still remember when I was in primary school，I failed to apply myself to studying. I was addicted to computer games. As a consequence，I soon became the last one in my class. You didn't abuse me at all.7. the contrary，you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard. Only 8. I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself.
I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you. Wish you 9. (health) and happy. I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being 10. brave and successful person.
第三节 短文改错
My parents and I went to the park on last Sunday. There were lots of visitors stood in front
of the ticket window. We waited a long time and buy three tickets. In the Tiger Mountain of the
park, I was too eager to see the fierce frightened animals that I quickened my steps through the
crowd. Unfortunate, I got separated from my parents. I had hard time looking for him, but I had no
luck. Wandering in the park, I felt alone without any companions. Worse still, I had no oney, so I
had to walk home, covered as much as 5 kilometers.
第四部分 写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（15分）
每年，国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行，届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科学家颁奖。请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。
1．党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展；
2．作为一名高中生，你应该如何去做。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．短文要求包含所有要点，但不要逐条翻译；
3．可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
4．开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Every year，the National Science Technology Award Ceremony is held in the Great Hall of the People.
【答案】
一．单词拼写
1．heritage 2..preserved 3. former 4. Promotion 5.relic 6. creatively
7.former 8. limit 9.balance 10. contribute/donate 11. disappearing
12.issues 13. Forgiven
二、用所给单词的正确形式完成句子
1.traditionally 2.further 3.compare 4.images 5.limited 6.historic 7. digitally 8. Forgiveness
9. throughout 10.of 11.In
三、 .单句语法填空
1．that 2.when 3.As 4.who 5.which
6.why 7.where 8.that/which 9.who 10.which
一、阅读理解
1-4 ACDD B:5-8 BDAC 9-12 ABDC
解析：9.细节理解题。根据第二段Communities may lose their land houses and cultural relies和that farmers cannot irrigate their fields可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水淹没了一些文化遗迹，并且导致下游 的农民无法灌溉农作物。故选A。
10.细节理解题。根据第三段中的it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water for fish.可知，随着大坝的修建， 蓄水会释放出温室气体，使水有毒，所以鱼的生活环境会变得危险。故选B。
11.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans.以及最后一句可知，未来有一天，上海将会被海水淹没。故选D。
12.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是修建大坝对环境造成的不利影响
13-15 DBA
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Andre Finot, a spokesman for the cathedral, told The Times that the cause of the fire was still unknown and that no one had been hurt while damage to the building appeared catastrophic(灾难性的).”可知,这起火灾的原因还不得而知,对建筑的破坏是灾难性的,并没有说建筑被完全破坏了。故选D。
14.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Its destruction represents a global cultural loss.”可知,它的毁灭代表着全球文化的损失。显然火灾造成的损失是巨大的。故选B。
15.A 推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。因此本文的目的是报道巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大灾难。故选A。
【七选五】1-5DFGCA
【完形填空】
1-5AABAC 6-10BABBD 11-15AAABC
【语法填空】
1．wished 2．seeing 3．myself 4．shocked 5．expectation
6．to meet 7．On 8 ．when 9．healthy 10．a
My parents and I went to the park on last Sunday. There were lots of visitors stood in front
standing
of the ticket window. We waited a long time and buy three tickets. In the Tiger Mountain of the
bought
park, I was too eager to see the fierce frightened animals that I quickened my steps through the
so frightening
crowd. Unfortunate, I got separated from my parents. I had ∧ hard time looking for him, but
Unfortunately a them
I had no luck. Wandering in the park, I felt alone without any companions. Worse still, I had no
lonely
money, so I had to walk home, covered as much as 5 kilometers.
covering
【写作】
【应用文】
Every year，the National Science Technology Award Ceremony is held in the Great Hall of the People.At that time，the top leaders of our country award medals to scientists who achieve those goals.
It's clear that the government attaches great importance to science and technology.There's no doubt that science and technology play a vital part in a country's development.Those who receive the awards deserve them because，through years of hard work，they have made outstanding contributions to our country.China needs more scientists and inventors like them.
As a senior school student，I'll try my best to learn all my subjects well so as to serve the society as well as our country.