(共72张PPT)
Unit 3
Language in use
Module 4 Rules and suggestions
同学们, 上一课学习的单词、短语和句型你们都掌握了吗？现在大家来检验一下, 点击下面的音频开始听写吧！
Must we obey the traffic rules
Language practice
You must be careful of falling stones.
You mustn't walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you might fall and hurt yourselves.
You should always wear proper clothes.
Bears might think our rubbish is food.
—Can we go rock climbing
—No, you can't.
1. Match the signs with the rules and warnings.
1. No smoking. □
2. No eating or drinking. □
3. Children crossing. □
4. Danger! Be careful of falling rocks. □
5. Children should be taken care of by parents. □
6. Do not drink and drive. □
b
c
a
d
e
f
2. Read the list of rules and write sentences using must, mustn't, should or shouldn't.
London Indoor Climbing Centre
Visitors please note: Dos
·Check in at the main gate when you come to the centre.
·Climb with someone.
·Wear a hard hat at all times.
·Wear the correct climbing shoes.
·Wear comfortable clothes.
Don'ts
·Don't climb without a rope.
·Don't eat or drink anywhere except in the restaurant. ①
·Don't listen to personal music players while climbing.
·Don't talk on a mobile phone while climbing.
3. Work in pairs. Explain why the rules in Activity 2 are important.
—Why must you check in when you come to the centre
—Because they want to know who is there.
1. Why must you climb with someone
2. Why must you wear comfortable clothes
3. Why mustn't you climb without a rope
4. Why shouldn't you listen to music while climbing
4. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.
although keep stream tourist worry
People are very (1) ________ about the conditions of the ancient forests of Canada and want to save them. Many visitors to the forests use knives to cut their names into the trees, some of which are hundreds of years old. (2) ________ there are litter bins, people still throw rubbish into the (3) ________ and this causes plants and fish to die.
worried
Although
stream
People from local villages have helped clean up the forests. We hope (4) ________ will play their part in (5) ________ Canada's forests clean too!
tourists
keeping
although keep stream tourist worry
Now write possible rules for visitors to the forests.
1. You should ____________________________________.
2. You shouldn't __________________________________.
3. You must _____________________________________.
4. You mustn't ___________________________________.
put your rubbish into the litter bins
throw your rubbish into the streams
take care of the trees
cut your names into the trees
5. Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
gun smooth sticks stone sudden tent whenever
1. Come and visit me __________ you have time.
2. The wall is made of ________.
3. The path to the top is not very ________.
4. Remember to take a ________ with you to sleep in, because it might rain.
5. He lifted up the ________ and pointed it at the bear.
6. There was a ________ noise in the woods and we all stopped moving.
7. Birds use small ________ and leaves to make a home.
whenever
stone
smooth
tent
gun
sudden
sticks
6. Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. What does Zhang Wenpeng try to say with his drawing
2. What does Zhou Zhiyun try to say with his painting
He tries to say that people must wake up to the fact that
pollution is causing damage to the progress we've made.
He tries to say that people mustn't waste electricity.
3. What does the school suggest the students should do
4. How can a school become a “green school”？
The school suggests the students should pass on what
they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours.
It has to include education about the environment
as part of the timetable.
With his drawing in his hand, twelve- year -old Zhang Wenpeng said that people must wake up to the fact that pollution is causing damage to the progress we've made. ②
“To save water is to save lives, ” he said.
His classmate from the same primary school in the hilly countryside of western China, eleven- year- old Zhou Zhiyun, has painted a big shining light, with the message that people must not waste electricity.
The students were members of a project to discuss “changes in the climate all over the world and what we can do about them”.
The school suggested that the students should pass on what they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours. ③
“I told my family why we should turn off the light when we leave a room, ” said one student.
China now has many green schools like this one.
In order to become a “green school”, a school must include education about the environment as part of the timetable. ④
“Education is important and can help children and young people change their habits. At the same time, they can pass on knowledge to their neighbours, ” said a director of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
7. Listen and complete the sentences.
1. The first thing you have to do is to ____________ carefully.
2. Think about where ____________________ and whether there are _____________________.
3. You should only take marked ___________.
4. Make sure you know where _________________ for lunch.
5. Don't forget to tell people to _________________ for the picnic.
6. Don't walk when it is ________ or in _________________.
7. You must not try out a ____________with a group.
plan the walk
you are going to walk
clearly marked paths
paths
you can stop
bring food
too hot
very bad weather
new walk
Interviewer: Today on Open Country, we’re talking to Jane King. Jane takes groups of people walking in the countryside. Jane, lots of people listening are interested in walking in the countryside. What advice can you give them about taking people for a walk
Jane: Well, the first thing you have to do is to plan the walk carefully. You should think about where you are going to walk and whether there are clearly marked paths. You should only take marked paths. Farmers don’t like people walking off paths because they might make the animals afraid or cause other problems.
Interviewer: What about timing your walk
Jane: Yes, that’s something you must do too. People can’t walk a long way without food and water! Make sure you know where you can stop for lunch, maybe a picnic area or somewhere like that. It must be somewhere you can stay out of the rain. Don’t forget to tell people to bring food for the picnic. Don’t walk when it’s too hot or in very bad weather. It’s also important that you know where you’re going if you’re the leader of the group. You mustn’t try out a new walk with a group. You have to know every step of the way yourself first.
Around the world
Ecotourism
Ecotourism is also known as “responsible tourism”. ⑤ It means you visit places without damaging the environment. Many countries around the world have started ecotourism holidays and trips. Tourists help the local communities look after their natural environment. Here are some rules of ecotourism.
Dos
·Take rubbish away with you.
·Walk on paths or roads.
·Take photos but nothing else.
Don'ts
·Don't pick flowers or damage trees.
·Don't pollute rivers or streams.
·Don't make open fires in the forests.
Module task: Writing advice for visitors to China
8. Work in pairs. Discuss and give advice for visitors to China. Talk about：
·visiting someone's home
·eating and drinking
·travelling on public transport
·behaving politely in public
·visiting tourist sights
9. Write your advice.
You must. . . You mustn't. . .
You should. . . You shouldn't. . .
10. Work in groups and compare your advice.
Choose the five most useful pieces of advice for visitors to China.
①Don’t eat or drink anywhere except in the restaurant.
except / k'sept/ prep. (used before you mention the only thing or person about which a statement is not true) 除……之外
e. g. Every dancer was in white except Jane, the lead dancer, who wore red. 所有的舞者都穿白色, 除了领舞的简穿红色。
Nobody except two students is in the classroom.
除了两个学生, 没有人在教室。
考点1
请大家注意：except 连接的两个成分作主语时，要遵循“就远原则”，即谓语动词的形式通常要与except前的主语的数保持一致。
辨析：except, besides 与but
except 意为“除……之外”, 含有“减去”的意思, 强调except 后的内容不包括在内。 I go to work by bike, except when it rains. 我骑自行车去上班, 除了下雨的时候。
besides 意为“除……之外(还有……) ”, 含“加上”的意思, 指包括besides后面的宾语。 Besides two novels, I have
bought a dictionary. 除了两本小说以外, 我还买了本词典。
but 意为“除……之外”时, 常用在 nothing, all, everything等代词之后。 There is nothing but trees
here. 这里除了树木别无他物。
考题1：[龙东] All the students have gone to the science museum _______ Tom. Because he is ill.
A. except B. besides C. expect
A
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②With his drawing in his hand, twelve-year-old Zhang Wenpeng said that people must wake up to the fact that pollution is causing damage to the progress we’ve made.
wake up to 意识到; 认识到
e. g. Please don’t wake me up until 9:00 tomorrow morning.
请在明天上午九点叫醒我。
考点2
We should wake up to the danger of smoking.
我们应该认识到吸烟的危害。
What time do you usually wake up
你通常什么时候醒来？
辨析：wake up与wake up to
wake up 意为“ 醒; 使清醒; 使活跃”。
wake up to 意为“ 认识到; 意识到”, 相当于realize。
考题2：我们应该认识到锻炼的重要性。
We should ________________ the importance of exercise.
wake up to
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③The school suggested that the students should pass on what they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours.
pass on. . . to sb. 把……传递给某人
e. g. I will help you to pass on the message to other students.
=I will help you to pass the message on to other students.
我会帮你把消息传给其他学生。
考点3
pass on... to sb. （=pass...on to sb.） 意为“把……（信息）传递给某人”。其中pass on 意为“传递”。
I passed by your house yesterday.
我昨天路过你家。
My grandfather passed away last year.
我爷爷去年去世了。
pass by 经过
pass away 去世（委婉说法）
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④In order to become a “green school”, a school must include education about the environment as part of the timetable.
in order to. . . 为了……
e. g. In order to finish the article, he worked late into the night.
为了完成那篇文章, 他工作到深夜。
Mary got up early in order to do morning exercises.
玛丽早早起床做早操。
考点4
作目的状语，可放在句首或句中，否定形式为in order not to do sth.。
Linda arrived early in order to get a good seat.
=Linda arrived early in order that/so that she could get a good seat.
=To get a good seat, Linda arrived early.
琳达早早到场, 以便找个好座位。
in order to do sth.可与in order that/so that 引导的从句进行同义句转换。
考题3：[连云港] ______________________________ (为了保护) students’ eyesight, Chinese government has taken action in recent years.
【点拨】in order to do sth. “为了做某事”, protect“保护”, 动词不定式表目的, 故填In order to protect/To protect。
In order to protect/To protect
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⑤Ecotourism is also known as “responsible tourism”.
be known as 被称为……; 被称作……
e. g. This design came to be known as the oriental style.
这种设计后来被称为东方风格。
Guizhou is known for its Moutai.
贵州因它的茅台而闻名。
考点5
辨析：be known as与be known for
be known as 后接表示名称的名词, 意为“被称为……”。
be known for 后接名词或v. -ing 形式, 表示出名的原因, 意为“因……而出名”, 相当于be famous for。
考题4：This disease _______ commonly _______ Mad Cow Disease.
A. is; known as B. is; know as
C. is; known for D. is; know for
A
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情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对动作的观点, 如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等, 不能单独作谓语, 情态动词与助动词一样, 后面需要接动词原形构成谓语, 它们一般没有人称和数的变化(have to 除外) 。常用的情态动词及用法如下：
can 和could
can 和could 的用法
考点1
考向
can/ could 可以 表示许可或请求, could比can 语气委婉。
Could you please pass the book to me
你可以把那本书递给我吗？
能, 会 表示能力或客观可能性。
Can you play the piano 你会弹钢琴吗？
表示推测、怀疑 多用于否定句和疑问句中。
Mr Smith can’t be at home.
史密斯先生不可能在家。
速记小法：情态动词两要点：
动词原形跟后面，说话语气转委婉。
can 表“ 能力”，may“ 许可”，should“ 应该”，
would“愿”，must“必须”表主观，have to 客观表“被迫”。
考题1：[盘锦] My car is broken. ______ you please give me a lift
A. Must B. Need
C. Should D. Could
D
考题2：[扬州] Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you _______ hear a thing.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t D. can’t
D
may 和might
may 和might 的用法
考点2
考向
may 表示请求、许可, 意为“ 可以”。 You may sit here if you want.
如果你想的话, 你可以坐在这儿。
表示推测, 常用于肯定句中, 意为“ 可能, 也许”。 She may come back tomorrow, but I am not sure.
她可能明天回来, 但是我不确定。
might may 的过去式 He asked if he might go home.
他问是否他可以回家了。
表示请求、许可, 语气比may 更委婉。 Might I smoke here
我可以在这儿吸烟吗
表示推测, 常用于肯定句, 意为“ 可能, 也许” (可能性比may 小) 。 It might rain tomorrow.
明天可能有雨。
考题3：[朝阳]—What will the weather be like tomorrow
—It _______ be rainy, cloudy or sunny. I am not sure.
A. must B. may
C. can’t D. should
【点拨】由“I am not sure. ”可知, 空格处表示可能的推断。
B
考题4：[怀化] —Whose English book is this
—It ________ be Lily’s, but I’m not sure.
A. might B. can’t C. must
【点拨】根据“but I’m not sure”可知, 此处是一种不确定的推测, 应用might。
A
must
【高频】 must 的用法：
考点3
考向1
must 必须 表示义务, 在回答must 引导的一般疑问句时, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to。
—Must I go now 我现在必须去吗？
—No, you needn’t. 不, 你不必。
一定 表示推测, 且must 只能用于肯定句中。The book must be Lily’s. 这本书一定是莉莉的。
否定 形式 mustn’t 表示“禁止, 不允许”。
You mustn’t play football on the road.
你不许在公路上踢足球。
考题5：[天津] The book ______ be Mary’s. We can see her name on it.
A. need B. must C. can’t D. needn’t
B
考题6：[乐山] —Must we wear the school clothes tomorrow, Mr. Wang
—No, you ______. Only on Mondays. Tomorrow is Tuesday.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t
【点拨】must 引导的一般疑问句, 否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to。
B
辨析：must 与have to
考向2
must 强调主观上“必须”, 无人称和数的变化。
have to 表示客观的义务或需要, 表示不得不, 有人称和数的变化。
考题7：—The manager says that there’s no hot water after 8:00 tonight.
—You mean we ______ go to bed without a shower. How terrible!
A. can B. have to C. may D. must
B
shall 和should
shall 表示征询意见, 多用于第一人称。should 表示责任、义务等, 可以用于各种人称。
e. g. Shall we go shopping 我们去购物好吗？
Bill should get to school on time.
比尔应该按时到达学校。
考点4
考向
考题8：[龙东] —Mum, let’s order some food online for dinner, _____
—Good idea. I’d like some beef dumplings.
A. will you B. won’t you C. shall we
考题9：[株洲] We _______ carry forward the spirit of serving the people whole-heartedly.
A. might B. should C. could
C
B
would 和will
表示意愿, 可用于多种人称。
will 指将来, would 常用于间接引语, 指过去的将来。
e. g. I will help you. 我会帮助你。
He said he would help us. 他说他会帮助我们。
考点5
考向
表示向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿。
e. g. Will you give me a hand 你能帮我一下吗？
Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开这扇窗户吗？
考题10：_______ you mind telling me how _______ English words
A. Must; to remember B. Should; remember
C. Would; to remember D. Must; remember
C
[吉林] 在日常生活中, 人们会遇到交友、饮食、交通或防疫等安全问题。请以“Self Protection”为题, 用英语写一篇短文。内容包括：1. 结合生活实际, 谈谈自我保护的重要性。
2. 列举生活中的安全问题(至少两个方面) , 并分别提出合理化建议。
3. 发出自我保护的号召。
模块话题
写作要求：1. 语言流畅, 层次清晰, 可以适当发挥。
2. 词数80-100 词, 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数; 书写规范, 卷面整洁。
3. 文中不能出现考生本人的学校名称和姓名。
Self Protection
These days, people pay more attention to safety problems.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In short, self protection is important to us. Wish everyone a safe life!
审题指导
写作时人称应用第一人称; 时态应用一般现在时或在叙述过去发生的事情时用过去时。文章包含三点要点提示。
写作方法
“三部曲法”写规则建议类作文：
“三部曲法”就是按照“总—分—总”模式介绍：第一部分总述引出话题; 第二部分提出建议; 第三部分总结并提出倡议。
写作模板
引出 话题 These days, people pay more attention to safety problems.
提出 建议 * As students, we have to. . . On the way to school we need. . . If we. . . , we may be. . .
* First, we should. . . Second, don’t. . . Also, we should. . .
* These three suggestions are good for . . . We should. . .
总结并 提出倡议 In short, self protection is. . . Wish everyone a safe life!
经典词句
单词 as, learn, protect, ourselves, especially, healthily, safely, suggestion, adopt, important, online
短语 pay more attention, on the way to. . . , go across, careful enough, be careful, make friends, be good for, in short
句型 1. . . . we need to go across the road sometimes.
2. If we are not careful enough, we may be hit by a car.
3. . . . we should be careful when we make friends, especially online.
4. . . . , don’t cross the street when the lights are red.
5. Wish everyone a safe life!
范文赏析
Self Protection
These days, people pay more attention to safety problems.
As students, we have to go to school every weekday. On the way to school we need to go across the road sometimes. If we are not careful enough, we may be hit by a car. So we have to learn to protect ourselves.
But how can we protect ourselves First, we should be careful when we make friends, especially online. Second, don’t cross the street when the lights are red. Also, we should eat healthily and safely. These three suggestions are good for us to protect ourselves. We should adopt these suggestions to protect ourselves.
In short, self protection is important to us. Wish everyone a safe life!
名师点评
本文使用“三部曲法”结合要点提示有层次地给出了关于自我保护的一些建议和要遵守的规则, 表达清楚, 叙述完整。第一部分, 引出话题, 言简意赅。第二部分, 提出建议, 层次分明。首先结合生活实际讲述自我保护的重要性; 然后用first, second, also 引出关于自我保护的建议; 最后用in short 连接上下文, 开始进行总结并号召大家进行自我保护。
添彩点：
文中灵活运用了go across, have to, careful enough, be good for 等短语, 让语言更加优美, 表达更加贴切。文中的句式多变, 如if 引导的主从复合句、祈使句、被动句、含情态动词should 表建议的句型等使文章增色不少。
本节课主要学习了以“怎样做才能成为绿色学校”为主要内容的文章, 掌握了知识点expect和wake up to的用法, 做了练习题并进行了语言练习。
