被动语态
课前：Exercise: Pick out the passive voice 被动语态基本结构：主语+be+done +其他
We have an old musical instrument. It was called clavichord It was made in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. We aren’t allowed to touch it. Now it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.
答案：We have an old musical instrument. It was called clavichord .It was made in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. We aren’t allowed to touch it. Now it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.
一 双宾语知识
1He gave me a book. =He gave a book to me.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 直宾 间宾
2 My mother bought me a birthday cake. =My mother bought a birthday cake for me.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 直宾 间宾
→直接宾语（指物）；间接宾语（指人）：“（间）人（直）物”
【小试牛刀】说出下列的直接宾语（ ）和间接宾语【】：
1 Her pen pal sent an e-mail to her yesterday.
2 Sam teaches us English.
3 We will book a ticket for you.
4 Please hand your homework to me.
答案：
1 Her pen pal sent an（ e-mail） to 【her】 yesterday.
2 Sam teaches 【us】（ English）.
3 We will book （a ticket） for 【you】.
4 Please hand （your homework） to【 me】.
二 双宾语动词（“（间）人（直）物”结构常考动词18个）
1 teach sb sth=teach sth to sb(给）
口诀：九给二踢to不少
give,pass,lend,send,hand,throw,sell,offer,show,tell,teach
2 buy sb sth=buy sth for sb（为）
口诀：买画制作for 来了
buy(book,order,choose)； draw ； make（cook)
三 双宾语变被动
1He gave me a book.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
A). I was given a book by him. (间宾作主语）
B). A book was given to me by him. （直宾做主语)
2 My mother bought me a birthday cake.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
A). I was bought a birthday cake by my mother. (间宾作主语）
B). A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother.（直宾做主语)
被动语态的双宾语句式: 间接宾语+be+过去分词+直接宾语+其他
或:直接宾语+be +过去分词+介词(for / to)+间接宾语+其他
带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：
原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。
间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。
直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。
give → be given to buy→be bought for
【小试牛刀】
1 The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
2 My father gave me a new book on my birthday.
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
3 My father bought me a new computer yesterday.
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
答案：1 We were given some wonderful stamps (by the foreign friends).
Some wonderful stamps were given to us (by the foreign friends).
2 I was given a new book on my birthday (by my father).
A new book was given to me on my birthday (by my father).
3 I was bought a new computer yesterday (by my father).
A new computer was bought for me yesterday (by my father)
四 特殊动词的被动：
在主动句中（一感二听三让四看）等动词后作宾补的动词；主动to省略，被动to回来
一感：feel
二听：hear;listen
三让：have;make;let
四看：look at; see;watch;notice
【例子】带复合宾语的被动语态结构．
１）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth.
Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.
→Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.
2）see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth
I saw him playing football at that moment.
→He was seen playing football at that moment.
3）We often hear them sing this song.
They are often heard to sing this song (by us).
→This song is often heard (by us) to be sung (by them).
【小试牛刀】
1 Linda’s parents make her practice the piano every Sunday.
→______________________________.
2 We usually hear him play in the next room. →____________________.
答案：→Linda is made to practice the piano every Sunday.
He is usually heard to play in the next room.
五 被动综合练习：
1） 判断对错：
1.必须照看好孩子们。
The children must be taken good care .( )
The children must be taken good care of .( )
2.这本书是鲁迅写的。
This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( )
This book was written by Lu Xun.( )
3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。
That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( )
That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( )
4.这辆自行车能修吗？
Can this bike mended ( )
Can this bike be mended ( )
5.街道已由他们清理了。
The street has been cleaned by they.( )
The street has been cleaned by them.( )
答案：1.必须照看好孩子们。
The children must be taken good care .( )
The children must be taken good care of .( √ )
2.这本书是鲁迅写的。
This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( )
This book was written by Lu Xun.( √ )
3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。
That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( )
That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( √ )
4.这辆自行车能修吗？
Can this bike mended ( )
Can this bike be mended ( √ )
5.街道已由他们清理了。
The street has been cleaned by they.( )
The street has been cleaned by them.( √ )
2） 单项选择
1. Look! A big modern building _________ in our city.
A. is built B. is being built
C. has been built D. is building
2. Your bike can’t ______ there.
A. be put B. is put C. be putted D. putted
3. Mary _______ the song at a party.
A. heard sing B. was heard sing
C. heard to sing D. was heard to sing
4. ______ trees usually _______ in April
A. Have, planted B. Are, planted
C. have, been planted D. Do, planted
5. My room _______ tomorrow.
A. is cleaned B. be cleaned C. will be cleaned D. is cleaning
6. When ______ your school ________
A. did, built B. was， built C. is， built D. was， building
7. The window of our house _______ once a week.
A. have been cleaned B. is cleaned C. are cleaned D. are cleaning
8. The sick girl _______ to the hospital at once.
A. must send B. be must sent C. must be sent D. be sent
9. Many books on science _____ since I went to college.
A. were bought B. have been bought
C. will be bought D. are bought
10. People have come to know that their health must ______.
A. pay more attention B. pay more attention to
C. be paid more attention D. be paid more attention to
11. A beautiful picture ____ the children in the classroom.
A. was shown to B. was shown C. were shown to D. were shown
12. A new bike ____ Tom tomorrow.
A. will lend B. will lent C. will be lent D. will be lent to
13. Some eggs and a glass of milk ____ the Frenchman.
A. have been brought to B. has been brought to
C. have been brought D. has been brought
14. Miss White said she ____ some beautiful coats in the shop.
A. had been show B. has been shown
C. had been shown to D. had been shown
15. Jack ____ answer the question in French.
A. asked to B. was ask C. was asked D. was asked to
答案：
1. B。本句结构为：现在进行时的被动语态。句意为“在我们城里，一座现代化的楼房正在被建”。
2.A。本句结构为：含有情态动词的被动语态。句意为“你的自行车不能被放在那”。
3.D。本句结构为：一般过去时的被动语态。此句中复合宾语的不定式to不能省略。句意为“玛丽被听到在宴会上唱歌”。
4.B。本句结构为：一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“植树通常是在四月份吗？”。
5.C。本句结构为：一般将来的被动语态。句意为“我的房间将在明天被清扫”。
6.B。本句结构为：一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“你们学校是什么时候被建造的？”。
7.B。本句结构为：一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是单数，用be动词is。句意为“我们房子的窗户一周被清洗一次”。
8.C。本句结构为：情态动词的被动语态。句意为“那个生病的女孩必须马上被送到医院”。
9.B。本句结构为：现在完成时的被动语态。句意为“自从我上大学，已经买了许多关于科学的书”。
10.D。本句结构为：情态动词的被动语态，这里pay attention to是固定搭配，它的宾语是health。句意为“人们已经渐渐意识到必须关注他们的健康”。
11.A。本句结构为：一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“一张漂亮的图片被出示给教室里的孩子们”。
12.D。本句结构为：一般将来时的被动语态。句意为“明天一辆新的自行车将被借给汤姆”。
13.A。本句结构为：现在完成时的被动语态。句意为“一些鸡蛋和一杯牛奶已经被带给了那个法国人”。
14.D。本句的主句是过去时，所以宾语从句要用过去完成时的被动语态。句意为“怀特小姐说她在商店里被出示了一些漂亮的上衣”。
15.D。本句结构为：一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“杰克被要求用法语回答问题”。被动语态
课前：Exercise: Pick out the passive voice 被动语态基本结构：主语+be+done +其他
We have an old musical instrument. It was called clavichord It was made in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. We aren’t allowed to touch it. Now it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.
一 双宾语知识
1He gave me a book. =He gave a book to me.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 直宾 间宾
2 My mother bought me a birthday cake. =My mother bought a birthday cake for me.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 直宾 间宾
→直接宾语（指物）；间接宾语（指人）：“（间）人（直）物”
【小试牛刀】说出下列的直接宾语和间接宾语：
1 Her pen pal sent an e-mail to her yesterday.
2 Sam teaches us English.
3 We will book a ticket for you.
4 Please hand your homework to me.
二 双宾语动词（“（间）人（直）物”结构常考动词18个）
1 teach sb sth=teach sth to sb(给）
口诀：九给二踢to不少
give,pass,lend,send,hand,throw,sell,offer,show,tell,teach
2 buy sb sth=buy sth for sb（为）
口诀：买画制作for 来了
buy(book,order,choose)； draw ； make（cook)
三 双宾语变被动
1He gave me a book.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
A). I was given a book by him. (间宾作主语）
B). A book was given to me by him. （直宾做主语)
2 My mother bought me a birthday cake.
主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
A). I was bought a birthday cake by my mother. (间宾作主语）
B). A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother.（直宾做主语)
被动语态的双宾语句式: 间接宾语+be+过去分词+直接宾语+其他
或:直接宾语+be +过去分词+介词(for / to)+间接宾语+其他
带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：
原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。
间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。
直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。
give → be given to buy→be bought for
【小试牛刀】
1 The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
2 My father gave me a new book on my birthday.
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
3 My father bought me a new computer yesterday.
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
四 特殊动词的被动：
在主动句中（一感二听三让四看）等动词后作宾补的动词；主动to省略，被动to回来
一感：feel
二听：hear;listen
三让：have;make;let
四看：look at; see;watch;notice
【例子】带复合宾语的被动语态结构．
１）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth.
Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.
→Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.
2）see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth
I saw him playing football at that moment.
→He was seen playing football at that moment.
3）We often hear them sing this song.
They are often heard to sing this song (by us).
→This song is often heard (by us) to be sung (by them).
【小试牛刀】
1 Linda’s parents make her practice the piano every Sunday.
→______________________________.
2 We usually hear him play in the next room. →____________________.
五 被动综合练习：
1） 判断对错：
1.必须照看好孩子们。
The children must be taken good care .( )
The children must be taken good care of .( )
2.这本书是鲁迅写的。
This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( )
This book was written by Lu Xun.( )
3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。
That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( )
That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( )
4.这辆自行车能修吗？
Can this bike mended ( )
Can this bike be mended ( )
5.街道已由他们清理了。
The street has been cleaned by they.( )
The street has been cleaned by them.( )
2） 单项选择
1. Look! A big modern building _________ in our city.
A. is built B. is being built
C. has been built D. is building
2. Your bike can’t ______ there.
A. be put B. is put C. be putted D. putted
3. Mary _______ the song at a party.
A. heard sing B. was heard sing
C. heard to sing D. was heard to sing
4. ______ trees usually _______ in April
A. Have, planted B. Are, planted
C. have, been planted D. Do, planted
5. My room _______ tomorrow.
A. is cleaned B. be cleaned C. will be cleaned D. is cleaning
6. When ______ your school ________
A. did, built B. was， built C. is， built D. was， building
7. The window of our house _______ once a week.
A. have been cleaned B. is cleaned C. are cleaned D. are cleaning
8. The sick girl _______ to the hospital at once.
A. must send B. be must sent C. must be sent D. be sent
9. Many books on science _____ since I went to college.
A. were bought B. have been bought
C. will be bought D. are bought
10. People have come to know that their health must ______.
A. pay more attention B. pay more attention to
C. be paid more attention D. be paid more attention to
11. A beautiful picture ____ the children in the classroom.
A. was shown to B. was shown C. were shown to D. were shown
12. A new bike ____ Tom tomorrow.
A. will lend B. will lent C. will be lent D. will be lent to
13. Some eggs and a glass of milk ____ the Frenchman.
A. have been brought to B. has been brought to
C. have been brought D. has been brought
14. Miss White said she ____ some beautiful coats in the shop.
A. had been show B. has been shown
C. had been shown to D. had been shown
15. Jack ____ answer the question in French.
A. asked to B. was ask C. was asked D. was asked to
