人教版（2019）必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disaters 讲义（含答案）Reading for Writing
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disaters 讲义（含答案）Reading for Writing |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-20 11:23:19 | ||
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Unit 4 Natural Disasters Book One 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Part Six - Reading for Writing
-概要写作
Pre-writing
Learning to write after the model
The Daily News TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6,500 DEAD By Robert Woodhouse Monday, 27 December 2004① The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.② Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake③ that reached a magnitude of 9.0④. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m. , Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed. In Sri Lanka, some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed⑤ along the southern coast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54⑥ in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman. Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of the deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.⑦
Word and Expressions
at least 至少
fisherman n. 渔民 【短语扩展】fishing boat 渔船
Sumatra Island 苏门答腊岛
Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡
quake centre 震中
stand v. 站立；vi. 达到特定水平（或数量、高度等），常与at 连用
as many as ... 多达...
missing adj. （人）失踪的，（事物）找不到的，丢失的
【词汇辨析】gone adj. （人）走了，离开了，一去不复返
lost adj. （人）迷路的，（事物）丢失的，无法再找到的
safety n. 安全，安全处所
be expected to do sth. 预计会...
grow v做实义动词，“成长，生长”，做系动词“逐渐变得，逐渐成为”
Grammar
英语新闻标题常用一般现在时（即使指过去的事情），从形式上来凸出报道的及时性和间洁性。标题经常省略不必要的词，如冠词，名词，系动词，代词等。
killing more than ... 现在分词短语做___________
过去分词短语做______________, 和wave构成主谓关系
that 引导___________
过去完成时的被动语态
此处省略了与and 前的分句相同的部分were found dead
make it + adj. + to do sth. it为形式宾语，不定式为逻辑宾语
概要写作
新闻报道是典型的应用文体材，一般来说新闻有六要素，即人物who，事件what，时间when，地点where，原因why，过程how。如果要把这六要素串联起来，概括成一句话，就能简洁的概括新闻报道的内容了。
概要写作是对考生综合能力的考察，既考察考生对文章的理解和概括能力。又考察考生在限定词汇内的表达能力
审题方面要注意以下几点。
注意新闻报道的标题，导语和结语，快速的把握新闻报道的主要内容，找出新闻六要素。
以自然段为概括的基础，大多数情况下，一个自然段自成一个要点。但有时几个自然段说明一个要点，有时一个自然段包含数个要点，以自然段为基础进行概括，会帮助我们不遗漏信息，并找出主要信息
语言表达方面要注意以下几点
使用正确的人称和时态，概要的人称和时态要与新闻报道保持一致。即用第三人称，以一般过去时为主，对现在事实的描述可用一般现在时，对事情的预测可用一般将来时
概括时要注意包含关键的支撑性信息。过于细节的信息需要略过
核心词，不必替换，新闻报道中会出现一些核心词。写概要这些词不必替换
根据要点，转换表达。通过同义转换，句子重构等方法，酌情选择从句、非谓语等结构，将原文的要点连贯的组织起来（句子不可过长也不要使用太过复杂的结构）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We’ve reached a strange-some would say unusual-point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight. It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. What’s going on
We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through-up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more. A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. No wonder it ranks as the world’s most body-conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight-but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food. They say: it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Some also blame their parents—their genes.But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape, or rather slim.
It’s a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say—not as I do.
第一步：定位
Part 1：
More people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.
It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Part 2：
The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001.
In Finland, a public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Part 3：
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.
Part 4：
Others blame good food.
It’s a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.
第二步：改写
要点1和2
合并：Good life is more likely to kill us and more people now die from being overweight.
改写：Good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.
要点3和4
合并：People have gradually realized the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns since 2001 and the number of heart disease deaths has been greatly reduced in Finland.
改写：Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped in Finland.
要点5和6
合并：Many people took diet pills to lose weight though we know what we should be doing to lose weight.
改写：Many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.
要点7和8
合并：People should stop making excuses and take positive action to lost weight.
改写：Although there are some excuses, people should act positively to lost weight.
第三步：核查
Nowadays, good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight. (要点1) Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped. (要点2) Regrettably, many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing. (要点3) Although there are some excuses, people should act positively to lost weight. (要点4)
答案：
现在分词短语做结果状语；后置定语；定语从
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Part Six - Reading for Writing
-概要写作
Pre-writing
Learning to write after the model
The Daily News TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6,500 DEAD By Robert Woodhouse Monday, 27 December 2004① The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.② Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake③ that reached a magnitude of 9.0④. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m. , Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed. In Sri Lanka, some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed⑤ along the southern coast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54⑥ in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman. Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of the deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.⑦
Word and Expressions
at least 至少
fisherman n. 渔民 【短语扩展】fishing boat 渔船
Sumatra Island 苏门答腊岛
Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡
quake centre 震中
stand v. 站立；vi. 达到特定水平（或数量、高度等），常与at 连用
as many as ... 多达...
missing adj. （人）失踪的，（事物）找不到的，丢失的
【词汇辨析】gone adj. （人）走了，离开了，一去不复返
lost adj. （人）迷路的，（事物）丢失的，无法再找到的
safety n. 安全，安全处所
be expected to do sth. 预计会...
grow v做实义动词，“成长，生长”，做系动词“逐渐变得，逐渐成为”
Grammar
英语新闻标题常用一般现在时（即使指过去的事情），从形式上来凸出报道的及时性和间洁性。标题经常省略不必要的词，如冠词，名词，系动词，代词等。
killing more than ... 现在分词短语做___________
过去分词短语做______________, 和wave构成主谓关系
that 引导___________
过去完成时的被动语态
此处省略了与and 前的分句相同的部分were found dead
make it + adj. + to do sth. it为形式宾语，不定式为逻辑宾语
概要写作
新闻报道是典型的应用文体材，一般来说新闻有六要素，即人物who，事件what，时间when，地点where，原因why，过程how。如果要把这六要素串联起来，概括成一句话，就能简洁的概括新闻报道的内容了。
概要写作是对考生综合能力的考察，既考察考生对文章的理解和概括能力。又考察考生在限定词汇内的表达能力
审题方面要注意以下几点。
注意新闻报道的标题，导语和结语，快速的把握新闻报道的主要内容，找出新闻六要素。
以自然段为概括的基础，大多数情况下，一个自然段自成一个要点。但有时几个自然段说明一个要点，有时一个自然段包含数个要点，以自然段为基础进行概括，会帮助我们不遗漏信息，并找出主要信息
语言表达方面要注意以下几点
使用正确的人称和时态，概要的人称和时态要与新闻报道保持一致。即用第三人称，以一般过去时为主，对现在事实的描述可用一般现在时，对事情的预测可用一般将来时
概括时要注意包含关键的支撑性信息。过于细节的信息需要略过
核心词，不必替换，新闻报道中会出现一些核心词。写概要这些词不必替换
根据要点，转换表达。通过同义转换，句子重构等方法，酌情选择从句、非谓语等结构，将原文的要点连贯的组织起来（句子不可过长也不要使用太过复杂的结构）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We’ve reached a strange-some would say unusual-point. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight. It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. What’s going on
We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through-up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause. Not any more. A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body. No wonder it ranks as the world’s most body-conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight-but actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food. They say: it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Some also blame their parents—their genes.But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape, or rather slim.
It’s a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I say—not as I do.
第一步：定位
Part 1：
More people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.
It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Part 2：
The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001.
In Finland, a public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Part 3：
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.
Part 4：
Others blame good food.
It’s a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.
第二步：改写
要点1和2
合并：Good life is more likely to kill us and more people now die from being overweight.
改写：Good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.
要点3和4
合并：People have gradually realized the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns since 2001 and the number of heart disease deaths has been greatly reduced in Finland.
改写：Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped in Finland.
要点5和6
合并：Many people took diet pills to lose weight though we know what we should be doing to lose weight.
改写：Many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.
要点7和8
合并：People should stop making excuses and take positive action to lost weight.
改写：Although there are some excuses, people should act positively to lost weight.
第三步：核查
Nowadays, good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight. (要点1) Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped. (要点2) Regrettably, many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing. (要点3) Although there are some excuses, people should act positively to lost weight. (要点4)
答案：
现在分词短语做结果状语；后置定语；定语从