河南省名校联盟2022-2023学年高二上学期9月开学考
英语 原卷版
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：北师大版必修第一册~选择性必修第一册。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
For Art Lovers
We Are Water Protectors
Carole Lindstrom, illustrated (加插图) by Michaela Goade
Water is life! The Water Protectors at Standing Rock and beyond have been battling to defend Mother Earth’s sacred water to honor our ancestors, to provide for our peoples and for future generations. This picture book — seriously, it’s breathtaking — was written by Carole Lindstrom of the Turtle Mountain Band of Ojibwe and illustrated by Michaela Goade. (For ages 3 to 6)
All Because You Matter
Tami Charles, illustrated by Bryan Collier
From the matter of the universe to Black Lives Matter this illustrated book pulls together the real universe to make it clear that its young readers are special beyond belief. Drawing inspiration from his own grandmother’s clothes-making, Bryan Collier pairs with Tami Charles to deliver an important message. (For ages 4 to 8)
Honeybee: The Busy Life of Apis Mellifera (意大利蜂)
Candace Fleming, illustrated by Eric Rohmann
A beautifully illustrated Apis mellifera presented in tasty oil paints cycles. Young readers get a front row seat to the natural world while vivid words introduce the anxiety leading to the bee’s first flight. Think each bee has just one job Think again. Bees hold a variety of occupations during their short, lovely lives — and you thought you were busy! (For ages 6 to 9)
The Plain Janes
Cecil Castellucci and Jim Rugg
Cecil Castellucci and Jim Rugg’s children comic about four girl artists attracted readers when it was released in 2007. Now in a reissue (再版) that includes the original tales along with a new story, Castellucci ages up her message. While the Janes’ lives have grown more complicated, Castellucci’s theme remains sincere and — in these trying times — something many of us struggle to keep in mind. (For ages 8 to 15)
1. Which book does Michaela Goade draw for
A. The Plain Janes. B. All Because You Matter.
C. We Are Water Protectors. D. Honeybee: The Busy Life of Apis Mellifera.
2. Who gave Bryan Collier the inspiration to illustrate for All Because You Matter
A. His family member. B. His readers.
C. Himself. D. Tami Charles.
3. What do the four books have in common
A. They are about endangered animals.
B. They are targeted at art lovers under sixteen.
C. They have been released more than once.
D. They contribute to environmental protection.
B
A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit.
Zhang Hong, 46, reached the top from the Nepali side, along with three high-altitude guides.
Zhang, who was born in Chongqing, lost his sight at the age of 21. He now works at Fukang Hospital Affiliated with Tibet University in Lhasa. As Zhang began his climb of Qomolangma, which is 8,848. 86 meters above sea level, his colleagues in Lhasa were excited to hear the news of his success.
“Many people may have doubted his attempt of climbing at first, but I was confident in him from the beginning,” said Kyila, the secretary of the Fukang Angel Foundation, who also is a blind person. “I knew before that he could make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. He is a model for blind people to encourage them to chase their dreams.”
Zhang’s passion for climbing was inspired by Lotse, a famous Tibetan climber who conquered all the world’s 14 summits above the altitude of 8,000 meters. Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing.
As an amateur climber for years, Zhang had conquered three mountains above the altitude of 6,000 meters before climbing the world’s highest summit. He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year, and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt.
4. What can we infer from what Kyila said
A. He had been inspired by Lotse.
B. He had much belief in Zhang’s success.
C. Zhang’s colleagues doubted his motivation.
D. Zhang centered on climbing in his spare time.
5. What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Lighted. B. Accomplished. C. Followed. D. Recalled.
6. Why did Zhang Hong fail to climb Qomolangma in 2020
A. He was too weak. B. He wasn’t well prepared.
C. A pandemic broke out. D. Extreme weather occurred.
7. What’s the best title for the text
A. Zhang Hong Sets an Example to Others
B. A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit
C. Qomolangma Attracts More Chinese to Climb
D. A Chinese Climber Got Through the Pandemic
C
In the digital age, we rely on technology such as social media in trying to build interesting and varied lives. Social networking sites like Facebook are designed and promoted to make us believe enthusiastically that they are able to open up new experiences for us. There are constant notifications (通知) and updates, urging us to check-in to find out what is new.
But if we do not use the technology wisely, we can end up becoming overly attached and trapped in a cycle of social media FOMO, a sign of deeper unhappiness. FOMO, or fear of missing out, is a fear that exciting or interesting events are happening somewhere else and that we are not able to join.
People who experience high levels of FOMO have been found to be more likely to give in to urges to write and check text messages while driving, as well as to use Facebook more often directly after waking, while going to sleep and during meals.
When it comes to lasting happiness, it is best not to give in to FOMO, but rather to deal with the cycle of desires that fuel it. Hard as it is, we are better off working toward facing the fearful reality that we cannot experience everything we might like than to get caught in a cycle of checking behaviors that only cause anxiety.
If we have become used to using social media as part of our attempts at living interesting lives, we must admit that it is not easy to change our approach. But change is almost always worthwhile in the long run.
The fact that FOMO is so common in our digital age is a sign that there is something wrong with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are not as happy as we might think we are. It should warn us that, in our eagerness to use digital technology to try to make ourselves happier, we may unintentionally (无意之中) be bringing on exactly the opposite result.
8. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. The digital age has arrived.
B. Sites give netizens useful experiences.
C. People have fallen into modern technology.
D Social media are designed to attract public attention.
9. Which of the following could be regarded as social media FOMO
A. Failing to use Facebook. B. Answering a call during shopping
C. Reading text messages on reaching offices. D. Checking Facebook while driving.
10. Why does the author suggest avoiding FOMO
A. To gain long-time happiness. B. To speed the cycle of desires.
C. To work much better. D. To reduce fearful reality.
11. What can be learned from the last paragraph
A. Everybody has experienced FOMO.
B. Digital technology may make us unhappier.
C. Pursuing happiness is a sign of the digital age.
D. People may unintentionally get lost in technology.
D
In WALL-E, a science fiction movie, a little robot is responsible for cleaning a world covered in garbage; a world where there is no longer room for anything else, not even humans! The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.
Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer in Sydney, Australia, has discovered a solution to the challenging waste problem. Her one-stop approach could go beyond the existing recycling processes. Her waste microfactories mainly target electronic waste and plastic, and are essentially little trash processors. These can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal(热的) technology.
“Using our green manufacturing technologies, these microfactories can transform waste, enabling local businesses and communities to not only solve local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created,” she explains.
Humans generate 2.01 billion tons of solid waste annually. And as the fastest growing waste stream, approximately 53.6 million tons of e-waste were generated globally by 2019. Despite current efforts, only 17.4 percent of this is known to have been collected and properly recycled. Meanwhile, worldwide e-waste generation is expected to continue to grow, reaching almost 80 million tons by 2030.
Although the most effective solution to the waste challenges would not generate as much trash, Sahajwalla microfactories provide hope for all the waste that already exists. Her solution not only decreases the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created.
WALL-E shows us the best and the worst of what human beings have to offer. It shows where the world is headed unless the human species slows down and stops developing at the current pace. But it also provides hope, showing that we also have a great power to change and improve.
12. What’s the aim to write the first paragraph
A. To tell us what WALL-E is about. B. To show the wide future of robots.
C. To introduce the use of microfactories. D. To praise Veena Sahajwalla’s contribution
13. What do we know about Veena Sahajwalla
A. She is a top scientist in Australia. B. She has been devoted to garbage factories.
C. Her waste microfactories are practical. D. Her trash processors are being widely promoted.
14. How does the fourth paragraph develop
A. By making contrasts. B. By listing relevant figures.
C. By summarizing the above. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards microfactories
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Determine the Best Time to Exercise
Any time of the day you can spend to exercise is a good time for getting active. ____16____ Consider your lifestyle and exercise goals to help find the right time for you.
You should determine when you have the most energy. Do you struggle to get out of the bed in the morning or do you wake up full of energy and ready to go ____17____ Once you establish what your sleep tendencies are, you will have a better idea of when your body is most likely to exercise. If you are not a morning person, do not schedule early morning exercise.
____18____ When are you the busiest When do you tend to schedule your most important tasks Try to fit in your exercise before or at least around these events if possible. Some people would prefer to put it first while others prefer to put it off until the end of the day when they are all caught up.
You should determine your exercise goals. Are you trying to lose weight Are you trying to improve your performance Are you trying to develop a consistent exercise routine If you are trying to develop a routine, you may want to exercise in the morning. If you want to improve performance, afternoon or evening exercise may be best.____19____ Start by working out at different times of the day. By doing that you can know how you feel and find the time that works best with your schedule.____20____
A. You should consider your daily schedule.
B. You should know how to start your exercise.
C. Keep an exercise note to help you evaluate each time.
D. The best time for exercise is different for each person.
E. Are you a night person and never get to bed before midnight
F. When you find the goals are unsuitable, change them at once.
G. You should experiment with both morning and evening exercise.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A man in Tokyo who rents himself out to other people “to do nothing” has received many requests (请求)—and now he’s getting paid for it
Shoji Morimoto, 37, started ____21____ himself as a person who can “eat and drink, and give simple feedback (反馈), but do nothing more” in June, 20l8.
“I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____22____,” Morimoto ____23____ in his first tweet about this ____24____ service. “Is it difficult for you to enter a shop on your own Are you ____25____ a player on your team Do you need someone to keep a place for you I can’t do anything except ____26____ things.”
Since then, he’s received over 3, 000 request. He originally offered his ____27____ for free, but now ____28____ 10, 000 yen (roughly $96) just to reduce the number of requests and to ____29____ the time-wasters.
Morimoto says he sees on average three to four clients (客户) a day. People rent him for a variety of ______30______ but most are bored and ______31______ and simply want to be listened to.
He ______32______ weddings, accompanied those filing for divorce, and caught butterflies with ______33______ in the park.
“I’m glad I was able to take a walk with someone while keeping a(n) ______34______ distance, where we didn’t have to talk but could if we wanted to,” one client ______35______ online.
One client says she has rented Morimoto on at least 10 occasions. She asked him to stay beside her when ______36______ a man for the first time, and also had him ______37______ her talk about her views on love, which she did not feel comfortable talking about to her friends.
Morimoto currently has nearly 268, 000 Twitter followers and has quit his full-time publishing job to “do nothing”. When ______38______ why he thinks so many people are interested in his services, he said, “I’m not a ______39______ or an acquaintance (熟人). I’m free of the bothersome things that accompany relationships, but can ______40______ people’s sense of loneliness. Maybe it’s something like that for me.”
21. A. praising B. advertising C. joking D. analyzing
22. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
23. A. debated B. hid C. studied D. wrote
24. A. special B. expensive C. valuable D. popular
25. A. amusing B. teaching C. missing D. calling
26. A. simple B. new C. difficult D. unusual
27. A. gifts B. services C. signals D. notes
28. A. provides B. pays C. owes D. charges
29. A. discourage B. measure C. increase D. inspire
30. A. explanations B. reasons C. discussions D. questions
31. A. awesome B. rare C. vital D. lonely
32. A. gave B. left C. attended D. broke
33. A. brothers B. strangers C. families D. fellows
34. A. comfortable B. astonishing C. large D. apparent
35. A. implied B. insisted C. answered D. posted
36. A. meeting B. interviewing C. beating D. attracting
37. A. link with B. rely on C. listen to D. agree with
38. A. reported B. asked C. blamed D. suspected
39. A. patient B. worker C. student D. friend
40. A. reduce B. prove C. hope D. interrupt
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Children are spending an ____41____ (increase) amount of time indoors. ____42____ (compare) to their grandparents who would have spent most of their free time exploring the world outside their front doors, kids these days are more likely to ____43____ (find) at puter games, television and tablets have replaced stick throwing, tree climbing and hole building as children spend more time indoors.
____44____ (thank) to parental fear and a reduction in green spaces, the time ____45____ is spent outdoors tends to be parent-led nowadays. Parent-led play is very ____46____ (difference) from unstructured play and does not offer the same benefits.
Both ____47____ (be) important for children’s growth, but many families are finding less time for unstructured play. As homework, clubs and groups and screens are competing for our kids’ time, unstructured fun is left out in the cold.
Scientists have even created the term “Nature Deficit Disorder” due to the wealth of health problems that can develop from spending too much time indoors.
Unstructured play is just ____48____ important as outdoor play for child ____49____ (develop). It offers social, mental and physical benefits, as well as just being _____50_____ fun way to kill time.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A professor gave a balloon to every student, which had to fill it, write their own name on it and threw it in the hallway. The professor then mixed all the balloon. The students were giving 5 minutes to get back their own balloon. Despite a busy search for, no one found their own balloon.
At that point the professor told the students to take first balloon that they found and hand them to the person whose name was written on it. Within 5 minutes everyone had their own balloon.
The professor said to the students, “These balloons are like happy. We will never find it if everyone keep looking for their own. But if we care about other people’s, we’ll find ours either.”
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你校将举办“魅力中国(Charming China)”摄影展。请你给你的英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参展。内容包括：
1.展览的时间和地点；
2.作品的要求和截止日期；
3.投稿方式：charmingphoto@。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________河南省名校联盟2022-2023学年高二上学期9月开学考
英语 解析版
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：北师大版必修第一册~选择性必修第一册。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
For Art Lovers
We Are Water Protectors
Carole Lindstrom, illustrated (加插图) by Michaela Goade
Water is life! The Water Protectors at Standing Rock and beyond have been battling to defend Mother Earth’s sacred water to honor our ancestors, to provide for our peoples and for future generations. This picture book — seriously, it’s breathtaking — was written by Carole Lindstrom of the Turtle Mountain Band of Ojibwe and illustrated by Michaela Goade. (For ages 3 to 6)
All Because You Matter
Tami Charles, illustrated by Bryan Collier
From the matter of the universe to Black Lives Matter, this illustrated book pulls together the real universe to make it clear that its young readers are special beyond belief. Drawing inspiration from his own grandmother’s clothes-making, Bryan Collier pairs with Tami Charles to deliver an important message. (For ages 4 to 8)
Honeybee: The Busy Life of Apis Mellifera (意大利蜂)
Candace Fleming, illustrated by Eric Rohmann
A beautifully illustrated Apis mellifera presented in tasty oil paints cycles. Young readers get a front row seat to the natural world while vivid words introduce the anxiety leading to the bee’s first flight. Think each bee has just one job Think again. Bees hold a variety of occupations during their short, lovely lives — and you thought you were busy! (For ages 6 to 9)
The Plain Janes
Cecil Castellucci and Jim Rugg
Cecil Castellucci and Jim Rugg’s children comic about four girl artists attracted readers when it was released in 2007. Now, in a reissue (再版) that includes the original tales along with a new story, Castellucci ages up her message. While the Janes’ lives have grown more complicated, Castellucci’s theme remains sincere and — in these trying times — something many of us struggle to keep in mind. (For ages 8 to 15)
1. Which book does Michaela Goade draw for
A. The Plain Janes. B. All Because You Matter.
C. We Are Water Protectors. D. Honeybee: The Busy Life of Apis Mellifera.
2. Who gave Bryan Collier the inspiration to illustrate for All Because You Matter
A. His family member. B. His readers.
C. Himself. D. Tami Charles.
3. What do the four books have in common
A. They are about endangered animals.
B. They are targeted at art lovers under sixteen.
C. They have been released more than once.
D. They contribute to environmental protection.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4本针对16岁以下的艺术爱好者的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据We Are Water Protectors中的“Carole Lindstrom, illustrated (加插图) by Michaela Goade (卡罗尔·林德斯特伦，由米凯拉·戈德绘图)”可知，米凯拉·戈德为《我们都是水的守护者》这本书加插图。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据All Because You Matter中的“Drawing inspiration from his own grandmother’s clothes-making, Bryan Collier pairs with Tami Charles to deliver an important message. (布莱恩·科利尔从自己祖母的服装制作中汲取灵感，和塔米·查尔斯一起传达了一个重要的信息。)”可知，他的家人给了布莱恩·科利尔创作《因为你最重要》的灵感。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章标题For Art Lovers (献给艺术爱好者) 和We Are Water Protectors中的 “For ages 3 to 6 (适合3至6岁)”、All Because You Matter中的 “For ages 4 to 8 (适合4至8岁)”、Honeybee: The Busy Life of Apis Mellifera (意大利蜂)中的 “For ages 6 to 9(适合6至9岁)”和The Plain Janes中的 “For ages 8 to 15 (适合8至15岁)”可知，这四本书共同之处是针对16岁以下的艺术爱好者的。故选B。
B
A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit.
Zhang Hong, 46, reached the top from the Nepali side, along with three high-altitude guides.
Zhang, who was born in Chongqing, lost his sight at the age of 21. He now works at Fukang Hospital Affiliated with Tibet University in Lhasa. As Zhang began his climb of Qomolangma, which is 8,848. 86 meters above sea level, his colleagues in Lhasa were excited to hear the news of his success.
“Many people may have doubted his attempt of climbing at first, but I was confident in him from the beginning,” said Kyila, the secretary of the Fukang Angel Foundation, who also is a blind person. “I knew before that he could make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. He is a model for blind people to encourage them to chase their dreams.”
Zhang’s passion for climbing was inspired by Lotse, a famous Tibetan climber who conquered all the world’s 14 summits above the altitude of 8,000 meters. Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing.
As an amateur climber for years, Zhang had conquered three mountains above the altitude of 6,000 meters before climbing the world’s highest summit. He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year, and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt.
4. What can we infer from what Kyila said
A. He had been inspired by Lotse.
B. He had much belief in Zhang’s success.
C. Zhang’s colleagues doubted his motivation.
D. Zhang centered on climbing in his spare time.
5. What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Lighted. B. Accomplished. C. Followed. D. Recalled.
6. Why did Zhang Hong fail to climb Qomolangma in 2020
A. He was too weak. B. He wasn’t well prepared.
C. A pandemic broke out. D. Extreme weather occurred.
7. What’s the best title for the text
A. Zhang Hong Sets an Example to Others
B. A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit
C. Qomolangma Attracts More Chinese to Climb
D. A Chinese Climber Got Through the Pandemic
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国盲人张洪登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段Kyila的话“I knew before that he could make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. (我之前就知道他能做到，他确实做到了。我真的为他感到高兴)”可推知，他对张的成功充满信心。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing.(洛茨曾分享过美国盲人登山者埃里克·维亨迈尔在2001年5月攀登珠穆朗玛峰的故事。这个故事感动了他，ignited了他的登山梦想)”中划线词后“his dream of climbing”和可推知，埃里克·维亨迈尔的故事点燃了张的登山梦想，结合选项，动词ignite与light同义，意为“点燃，激起”。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year, and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt.(他已经在2019年开始为攀登珠穆朗玛峰做准备。然而，由于新冠肺炎疫情，去年在尼泊尔和中国的珠峰登山队都被取消了，他直到最近才终于尝试)”可知，一场流行病爆发导致2020年张宏没能登上珠峰。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit. (21日上午，一名中国盲人登上了被西方称为“Mount Everest”的珠穆朗玛峰。这是亚洲盲人登上珠峰的第一个人)”可知，本文主要讲述了一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的壮举，故“A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit(一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
C
In the digital age, we rely on technology such as social media in trying to build interesting and varied lives. Social networking sites like Facebook are designed and promoted to make us believe enthusiastically that they are able to open up new experiences for us. There are constant notifications (通知) and updates, urging us to check-in to find out what is new.
But if we do not use the technology wisely, we can end up becoming overly attached and trapped in a cycle of social media FOMO, a sign of deeper unhappiness. FOMO, or fear of missing out, is a fear that exciting or interesting events are happening somewhere else and that we are not able to join.
People who experience high levels of FOMO have been found to be more likely to give in to urges to write and check text messages while driving, as well as to use Facebook more often directly after waking, while going to sleep and during meals.
When it comes to lasting happiness, it is best not to give in to FOMO, but rather to deal with the cycle of desires that fuel it. Hard as it is, we are better off working toward facing the fearful reality that we cannot experience everything we might like than to get caught in a cycle of checking behaviors that only cause anxiety.
If we have become used to using social media as part of our attempts at living interesting lives, we must admit that it is not easy to change our approach. But change is almost always worthwhile in the long run.
The fact that FOMO is so common in our digital age is a sign that there is something wrong with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are not as happy as we might think we are. It should warn us that, in our eagerness to use digital technology to try to make ourselves happier, we may unintentionally (无意之中) be bringing on exactly the opposite result.
8. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. The digital age has arrived.
B. Sites give netizens useful experiences.
C. People have fallen into modern technology.
D. Social media are designed to attract public attention.
9. Which of the following could be regarded as social media FOMO
A. Failing to use Facebook. B. Answering a call during shopping,
C. Reading text messages on reaching offices. D. Checking Facebook while driving.
10. Why does the author suggest avoiding FOMO
A. To gain long-time happiness. B. To speed the cycle of desires.
C. To work much better. D. To reduce fearful reality.
11. What can be learned from the last paragraph
A. Everybody has experienced FOMO.
B. Digital technology may make us unhappier.
C. Pursuing happiness is a sign of the digital age.
D. People may unintentionally get lost in technology.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在数字时代，我们依靠社交媒体等技术来构建有趣多样的生活，这一现象被称为“FOMO”，但事实可能正相反，在我们迫切地使用数字技术试图让自己更快乐的过程中，我们可能无意中带来了恰恰相反的结果，从而让我们不快乐。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Social networking sites like Facebook are designed and promoted to make us believe enthusiastically that they are able to open up new experiences for us. There are constant notifications (通知) and updates, urging us to check-in to find out what is new.(像Facebook这样的社交网站的设计和推广是为了让我们狂热地相信它们能够为我们打开新的体验。这些社交网站上有不断的通知和更新，催促我们打卡，以发现新鲜的事物)”可推知，第一段主要讲，像Facebook这样的社交媒体旨在让我们相信它们能够为我们打开新的体验，从而吸引公众注意。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“People who experience high levels of FOMO have been found to be more likely to give in to urges to write and check text messages while driving, as well as to use Facebook more often directly after waking, while going to sleep and during meals.(研究发现，经历高强度FOMO的人更容易屈服于在开车时收发短信的冲动，也更容易在醒来、睡觉和吃饭时直接使用Facebook)”可知，开车时刷脸书可以视为社交媒体FOMO。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“When it comes to lasting happiness, it is best not to give in to FOMO, but rather to deal with the cycle of desires that fuel it.(说到长久的快乐，最好不要向FOMO屈服，而要处理助长它的欲望循环)”和第六段“The fact that FOMO is so common in our digital age is a sign that there is something wrong with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are not as happy as we might think we are. (事实上，FOMO在我们的数字时代如此普遍，这表明我们追求幸福的方式出了问题，我们并不像我们想象的那样幸福)”可推知，作者建议避免FOMO是因为避免FOMO才能获得长久的快乐。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The fact that FOMO is so common in our digital age is a sign that there is something wrong with the way we are pursuing happiness and that we are not as happy as we might think we are. It should warn us that, in our eagerness to use digital technology to try to make ourselves happier, we may unintentionally (无意之中) be bringing on exactly the opposite result.(事实上，FOMO在我们的数字时代如此普遍，这表明我们追求幸福的方式出了问题，我们并不像我们想象的那样幸福。它应该提醒我们，在我们急切地使用数字技术试图让自己更快乐的过程中，我们可能无意中带来了恰恰相反的结果)”可推知，与我们认为的相反，数字技术可能会让我们不快乐。故选B项。
D
In WALL-E, a science fiction movie, a little robot is responsible for cleaning a world covered in garbage; a world where there is no longer room for anything else, not even humans! The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.
Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer in Sydney, Australia, has discovered a solution to the challenging waste problem. Her one-stop approach could go beyond the existing recycling processes. Her waste microfactories mainly target electronic waste and plastic, and are essentially little trash processors. These can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal(热的) technology.
“Using our green manufacturing technologies, these microfactories can transform waste, enabling local businesses and communities to not only solve local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created,” she explains.
Humans generate 2.01 billion tons of solid waste annually. And as the fastest growing waste stream, approximately 53.6 million tons of e-waste were generated globally by 2019. Despite current efforts, only 17.4 percent of this is known to have been collected and properly recycled. Meanwhile, worldwide e-waste generation is expected to continue to grow, reaching almost 80 million tons by 2030.
Although the most effective solution to the waste challenges would not generate as much trash, Sahajwalla microfactories provide hope for all the waste that already exists. Her solution not only decreases the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created.
WALL-E shows us the best and the worst of what human beings have to offer. It shows where the world is headed unless the human species slows down and stops developing at the current pace. But it also provides hope, showing that we also have a great power to change and improve.
12. What’s the aim to write the first paragraph
A. To tell us what WALL-E is about. B. To show the wide future of robots.
C. To introduce the use of microfactories. D. To praise Veena Sahajwalla’s contribution
13. What do we know about Veena Sahajwalla
A. She is a top scientist in Australia. B. She has been devoted to garbage factories.
C. Her waste microfactories are practical. D. Her trash processors are being widely promoted.
14. How does the fourth paragraph develop
A. By making contrasts. B. By listing relevant figures.
C. By summarizing the above. D. By analyzing cause and effect.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards microfactories
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种垃圾微型工厂，可以解决大量垃圾问题，介绍了这一机器的优点和其开发者Veena Sahajwalla对其的看法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段三、四句话“The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.(这部电影鼓励普通人、世界各国领导人和商人提出一个显而易见问题：如何才能防止类似的事情发生？对一些人来说，微型工厂可能成为最有希望的答案)”结合下文对微型工厂的介绍推知，写第一段的目的是为了介绍微型工厂的使用。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话“Her waste microfactories mainly target electronic waste and plastic, and are essentially little trash processors. These can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal(热的) technology.(她的废物微型工厂主要针对电子废物和塑料，基本上是小型垃圾处理厂。这些可以在热技术的帮助下将废物转化为新材料)”以及第三段““Using our green manufacturing technologies, these microfactories can transform waste, enabling local businesses and communities to not only solve local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created,” she explains.(她解释说：“利用我们的绿色制造技术，这些微型工厂可以转化废物，使当地企业和社区不仅能够解决当地的废物问题，而且能够利用所创造的宝贵材料创造商业机会。”)”可知，Veena Sahajwalla所开发的处理垃圾的微型工厂是非常实用的。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Humans generate 2.01 billion tons of solid waste annually. And as the fastest growing waste stream, approximately 53.6 million tons of e-waste were generated globally by 2019. Despite current efforts, only 17.4 percent of this is known to have been collected and properly recycled. Meanwhile, worldwide e-waste generation is expected to continue to grow, reaching almost 80 million tons by 2030.(人类每年产生20.1亿吨固体废物。作为增长最快的废物流，到2019年，全球产生约5360万吨电子垃圾。尽管目前做出了努力，但已知只有17.4%的垃圾被收集并妥善回收。与此同时，全球电子垃圾产生量预计将继续增长，到2030年将达到近8000万吨)”推知，本段用列举相关数据的方式展开陈述。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话“But it also provides hope, showing that we also have a great power to change and improve.(但它也带来了希望，表明我们也有巨大的力量来改变和改进)”可知，作者对于微型工厂持积极的态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Determine the Best Time to Exercise
Any time of the day you can spend to exercise is a good time for getting active. ____16____ Consider your lifestyle and exercise goals to help find the right time for you.
You should determine when you have the most energy. Do you struggle to get out of the bed in the morning or do you wake up full of energy and ready to go ____17____ Once you establish what your sleep tendencies are, you will have a better idea of when your body is most likely to exercise. If you are not a morning person, do not schedule early morning exercise.
____18____ When are you the busiest When do you tend to schedule your most important tasks Try to fit in your exercise before or at least around these events if possible. Some people would prefer to put it first while others prefer to put it off until the end of the day when they are all caught up.
You should determine your exercise goals. Are you trying to lose weight Are you trying to improve your performance Are you trying to develop a consistent exercise routine If you are trying to develop a routine, you may want to exercise in the morning. If you want to improve performance, afternoon or evening exercise may be best.____19____ Start by working out at different times of the day. By doing that you can know how you feel and find the time that works best with your schedule.____20____
A. You should consider your daily schedule.
B. You should know how to start your exercise.
C. Keep an exercise note to help you evaluate each time.
D. The best time for exercise is different for each person.
E. Are you a night person and never get to bed before midnight
F. When you find the goals are unsuitable, change them at once.
G. You should experiment with both morning and evening exercise.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文谈论了因运动目的的差异、生活习惯的不同, 人们应该如何确定最佳锻炼时间。
【16题详解】
根据第一段 1空后的句子“Consider your lifestyle and exercise goals to help find the right time for you.（考虑你的生活方式和锻炼目标，帮助你找到合适的时间）”可知, 每个人运动的最佳时间不同，要考虑以下的因素。所以，D项The best time for exercise is different for each person.（运动的最佳时间对每个人都不同）符合上下文连贯。故选 D。
【17题详解】
根据第二段主题句“You should determine when you have the most energy.（你应该决定什么时候你最有精力）”与第2空前的句子“Do you struggle to get out of the bed in the morning or do you wake up full of energy and ready to do （你早上是挣扎着从床上爬起来，还是一觉醒来就精力充沛地准备着做什么 ）”以及“If you are not a morning person, do not schedule early morning exercise（如果你不是早起的人，就不要安排早起锻炼 ）”，可知 第2空应该与一个人的睡眠习惯有关。所以，E项Are you a night person and never get to bed before midnight （你是个夜猫子, 从不在午夜前睡觉吗 ）符合语境。故选E。
18题详解】
根据下文“When are you the busiest When do you tend to schedule your most important tasks Try to fit in your exercise before or at least around these events if possible.（你什么时候最忙 你倾向于什么时候安排最重要的任务 如果可能的话, 尽量在这些活动之前或至少在这些活动前后进行锻炼。）”所以，本段说你的锻炼时间应该结合你的日程表来进行选择，A项You should consider your daily schedule.（你应该考虑你自己的日程表）符合语境。故选 A。
【19题详解】
根据第四段 第4空前的句子“If you want to improve performance, afternoon or evening exercise may be best.（如果你想提高表现，下午或晚上锻炼可能是最好的）”与空后的句子“Start by working out at different times of the day（从每天不同的时间开始锻炼）”可知，早上和晚上都可以尝试进行锻炼。所以，G 项You should experiment with both morning and evening exercise.（你应该早上和晚上的锻炼都尝试一下）符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据第四段第5空前的句子“By doing that you can know how you feel and find the time that works best with your schedule.（通过这样做，你可以了解自己的感受，并找到最适合你的时间安排）”，可知，是对上文的总结，所以，C项Keep an exercise note to help you evaluate each time.（记下锻炼笔记, 帮助你每次评估）符合语境。故选C。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A man in Tokyo who rents himself out to other people “to do nothing” has received many requests (请求)—and now he’s getting paid for it.
Shoji Morimoto, 37, started ____21____ himself as a person who can “eat and drink, and give simple feedback (反馈), but do nothing more” in June, 20l8.
“I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____22____,” Morimoto ____23____ in his first tweet about this ____24____ service. “Is it difficult for you to enter a shop on your own Are you ____25____ a player on your team Do you need someone to keep a place for you I can’t do anything except ____26____ things.”
Since then, he’s received over 3, 000 request. He originally offered his ____27____ for free, but now ____28____ 10, 000 yen (roughly $96) just to reduce the number of requests and to ____29____ the time-wasters.
Morimoto says he sees on average three to four clients (客户) a day. People rent him for a variety of ______30______ but most are bored and ______31______ and simply want to be listened to.
He ______32______ weddings, accompanied those filing for divorce, and caught butterflies with ______33______ in the park.
“I’m glad I was able to take a walk with someone while keeping a(n) ______34______ distance, where we didn’t have to talk but could if we wanted to,” one client ______35______ online.
One client says she has rented Morimoto on at least 10 occasions. She asked him to stay beside her when ______36______ a man for the first time, and also had him ______37______ her talk about her views on love, which she did not feel comfortable talking about to her friends.
Morimoto currently has nearly 268, 000 Twitter followers and has quit his full-time publishing job to “do nothing”. When ______38______ why he thinks so many people are interested in his services, he said, “I’m not a ______39______ or an acquaintance (熟人). I’m free of the bothersome things that accompany relationships, but can ______40______ people’s sense of loneliness. Maybe it’s something like that for me.”
21. A. praising B. advertising C. joking D. analyzing
22. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
23. A. debated B. hid C. studied D. wrote
24. A. special B. expensive C. valuable D. popular
25. A. amusing B. teaching C. missing D. calling
26. A. simple B. new C. difficult D. unusual
27. A. gifts B. services C. signals D. notes
28. A. provides B. pays C. owes D. charges
29 A. discourage B. measure C. increase D. inspire
30. A. explanations B. reasons C. discussions D. questions
31. A. awesome B. rare C. vital D. lonely
32. A. gave B. left C. attended D. broke
33. A. brothers B. strangers C. families D. fellows
34. A. comfortable B. astonishing C. large D. apparent
35. A. implied B. insisted C. answered D. posted
36. A. meeting B. interviewing C. beating D. attracting
37. A. link with B. rely on C. listen to D. agree with
38. A. reported B. asked C. blamed D. suspected
39. A. patient B. worker C. student D. friend
40. A. reduce B. prove C. hope D. interrupt
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了来自日本东京的Shoji Morimoto在网络上推出了出租自己的服务，收到了很多需求订单。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：37岁的Shoji Morimoto在2018年6月开始宣传自己是一个“能吃喝，能给出简单反馈，但什么也不做”的人。A. praising称赞；B. advertising做广告；宣传；C. joking开玩笑；D. analyzing分析。根据文章首句“A man in Tokyo who rents himself out to other people “to do nothing” has received many requests (请求)—and now he’s getting paid for it.”可知，Shoji Morimoto将自己租出去，因此他在做广告宣传自己。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：我把自己租出去，什么也不干。A. something某事；某物；B. everything所有事物；C. nothing没有什么；D. anything任何事物。根据前文“to do nothing”的提示可知，他把自己租出去，什么也不做。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Morimoto在他的第一条推文中写下了这项特别服务。A. debated辩论；B. hid隐藏；C. studied学习；D. wrote写。根据“I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____2____,”并结合Tweet是指发表在社交媒体上的文字，由此可知他在社交媒体上写了这些话。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Morimoto在他的第一条推文中写下了这项特别服务。A. special特别的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. valuable有价值的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据前文“I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____2____,”可知，Shoji Morimoto出租自己，但什么也不做可知，这是一项特别的服务。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的队伍缺少一名成员吗？A. amusing使娱乐；B. teaching教学；C. missing缺少；D. calling召唤。根据““I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____2____,” Morimoto ____3____ in his first tweet about this ____4____ service.”可知，Morimoto是想将自己出租出去，所以他在广告中询问是否需要人陪买东西，队伍里是否缺成员。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了简单的事情，我什么都不会做。A. simple简单的；B. new新的；C. difficult困难的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据后文“People rent him for a variety of ____10____ but most are bored and ____11____ and simply want to be listened to.”的提示及前文列举的事情可知，这些都是简单的事情。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初他提供免费服务，但现在收取1万日元（约合96美元）的费用，只是为了减少需求数量，避免浪费时间。A. gifts礼物；B. services服务；C. signals信号；D. notes记录。根据前文““I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____2____,” Morimoto ____3____ in his first tweet about this ____4____ service.”可知Morimoto在推特上发广告把自己租住去，提供一些特别的服务。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初他提供免费服务，但现在收取1万日元（约合96美元）的费用，只是为了减少需求数量，避免浪费时间。A. provides提供；B. pays支付；C. owes欠；D. charges收费。根据后面的货币信息“10,000 yen (roughly $ 96) ”可知，Morimoto由最初的免费变成了收费。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初他提供免费服务，但现在收取1万日元（约合96美元）的费用，只是为了减少需求数量，避免浪费时间。A. discourage阻碍；B. measure估量；C. increase增加；D. inspire鼓舞。根据后文的并列成分“to discourage the time-wasters”及前文提到的大量订单需求可以合理推知，Morimoto收费是为了减少需求。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们出于各种原因租了他，但大多数人都是因为感到无聊和孤独，只想被倾听。A. explanations解释；B. reasons原因；C. discussions讨论；D. questions问题。根据后文“and simply want to be listened to.”可知，这是人们租用Morimoto的原因之一。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们出于各种原因租了他，但大多数人都是因为感到无聊和孤独，只想被倾听。A. awesome极好的；B. rare稀有的；D. vital至关重要的；D. lonely孤独的。根据后文“and simply want to be listened to.”可推知，之所以想找人倾诉是因为孤独。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他参加婚礼，陪伴那些提出离婚的人，还和陌生人在公园里捉蝴蝶。A. gave给；B. left离开；C. attended参与；D. broke破坏。根据“ weddings”和Morimoto出租自己的性质可知，他参加别人的婚礼。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他参加婚礼，陪伴那些提出离婚的人，还和陌生人在公园里捉蝴蝶。A. brothers兄弟；B. strangers陌生人；C. families家人；D. fellows同伴。根据前文““I offer myself for rent, as a person who does ____2____,” Morimoto ____3____ in his first tweet about this ____4____ service.”可知，Morimoto在网上发布租赁信息，他收到的需求订单应该是来自陌生人的。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我很高兴能和别人一起散步，同时保持一段舒适的距离，我们不必交谈，但如果想的话也可以说。”一位客户在网上发帖说。A. comfortable舒适的；B. astonishing难以置信的；C. large大的；D. apparent显然的。根据后文“where we didn’t have to talk but could if we wanted to,”可知，不想说话就不说，想说就说几句，这样的社交距离是很舒适的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很高兴能和别人一起散步，同时保持一段舒适的距离，我们不必交谈，但如果想的话也可以说。”一位客户在网上发帖说。A. implied暗示；B. insisted坚称；C. answered回答；D. posted发布。根据“online”可知，这些话是发布在网络上的。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她第一次与某位男士见面时，她请他（Morimoto）待在她身边，还让他听她谈论自己对爱情的看法，她不愿意和朋友们谈论这些。A. meeting见面；B. interviewing面试；C. beating打败；D. attracting吸引。根据“a man for the first time,”可推知，是第一次见某位男士。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她第一次与某位男士见面时，她请他（Morimoto）待在她身边，还让他听她谈论自己对爱情的看法，她不愿意和朋友们谈论这些。A. link with联系；B. rely on依靠；C. listen to倾听；D. agree with赞同。根据“her talk about her views on love,”可知，她在分享自己关于爱情的观点，让Morimoto来听。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么这么多人对他的服务感兴趣时，他说：“我不是朋友或熟人。我摆脱了陪伴感情的烦恼，却能减少人们的孤独感。”A. reported报道；B. asked询问；C. blamed指责；D. suspected怀疑。根据“why he thinks so many people are interested in his services,”可知，这里在询问他为什么有这么多人感兴趣。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么这么多人对他的服务感兴趣时，他说：“我不是朋友或熟人。我摆脱了陪伴感情的烦恼，却能减少人们的孤独感。”A. patient病人；B. worker工人；C. student学生；D. friend朋友。根据“or an acquaintance (熟人).”及前文可知，Morimoto是作为陌生人服务别人的，所以不是朋友。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么这么多人对他的服务感兴趣时，他说：“我不是朋友或熟人。我摆脱了陪伴感情的烦恼，却能减少人们的孤独感。”A. reduce减少；B. prove证明；C. hope希望；D. interrupt打断。根据前文人们因为无聊和孤独，想找人倾听而租用了Morimoto可知，他的服务可以减轻人们的孤独感。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Children are spending an ____41____ (increase) amount of time indoors. ____42____ (compare) to their grandparents who would have spent most of their free time exploring the world outside their front doors, kids these days are more likely to ____43____ (find) at puter games, television and tablets have replaced stick throwing, tree climbing and hole building as children spend more time indoors.
____44____ (thank) to parental fear and a reduction in green spaces, the time ____45____ is spent outdoors tends to be parent-led nowadays. Parent-led play is very ____46____ (difference) from unstructured play and does not offer the same benefits.
Both ____47____ (be) important for children’s growth, but many families are finding less time for unstructured play. As homework, clubs and groups and screens are competing for our kids’ time, unstructured fun is left out in the cold.
Scientists have even created the term “Nature Deficit Disorder” due to the wealth of health problems that can develop from spending too much time indoors.
Unstructured play is just ____48____ important as outdoor play for child ____49____ (develop). It offers social, mental and physical benefits, as well as just being _____50_____ fun way to kill time.
【答案】41. increasing
42. Compared
43. be found
44. Thanks 45. that##which
46. different
47. are 48. as
49. development
50. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在孩子在户外玩耍的时间越来越少，但是户外玩耍对孩子来说是有好处的，无论是父母带着孩子在外面玩或者让孩子自己自由地玩耍都对孩子的成长有好处。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：孩子们呆在室内的时间越来越长。空处作定语，修饰名词amount(数量)，应用形容词increasing，表示“不断增加的”。故填increasing。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的祖父母把大部分空闲时间都花在探索户外世界，与他们相比，现在你更有可能发现孩子们呆在家里。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词compare(比较)的逻辑主语是主句主语kids(孩子们)，且二者之间构成被动关系，所以此处应用compare的过去分词形式compared，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared。
【43题详解】
考查语态。句意：我们的祖父母把大部分空闲时间都花在探索户外世界，与他们相比，现在你更有可能发现孩子们呆在家里。be likely to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“有可能做某事”，且此处动词find(发现)与主语kids之间为被动关系，由前面的不定式符号to可知，此处应用be found。故填be found。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：由于父母的担心和绿色空间的减少，现在往往是父母带着孩子在户外玩。thanks to是固定搭配，表示“多亏、由于”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Thanks。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由于父母的担心和绿色空间的减少，现在往往是父母带着孩子在户外玩。分析句子结构可知，这里是限定性定语从句，先行词是time(时间)，指物，在定语从句中做主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：父母带着孩子玩耍和孩子自由地玩耍有很大的不同，且这两种玩耍也无法带来同样的好处。be different from是固定搭配，表示“与……不同”。故填different。
【47题详解】
考查时态与主谓一致。句意：两者对孩子的成长都很重要，但许多家庭发现孩子自由玩耍的时间减少了。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，句子的主语是Both(二者)，是复数，所以谓语动词应用are。故填are。
【48题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：对孩子的成长来说，无拘无束的玩耍和户外玩耍一样重要。as＋形容词＋as，是固定搭配，表示“和……一样”。故填as。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：对孩子的成长来说，无拘无束的玩耍和户外玩耍一样重要。根据介词for可知，空处应用名词作宾语，develop为动词，名词为development，意为“发展”，且development为不可数名词。故填development。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它带来了社交，精神和身体上的好处，同时也是消磨时间的有趣方式。句中way是名词，表示“方式”，是可数名词，此处表示“一种有趣的方式”，是单数，所以用不定冠词，且fun(有趣的)发音不是以元音音素开头，应用a而非an。故填a。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A professor gave a balloon to every student, which had to fill it, write their own name on it and threw it in the hallway. The professor then mixed all the balloon. The students were giving 5 minutes to get back their own balloon. Despite a busy search for, no one found their own balloon.
At that point the professor told the students to take first balloon that they found and hand them to the person whose name was written on it. Within 5 minutes everyone had their own balloon.
The professor said to the students, “These balloons are like happy. We will never find it if everyone keep looking for their own. But if we care about other people’s, we’ll find ours either.”
【答案】1. which →who
2. threw →throw
3. balloon →balloons
4. giving →given
5. 删除for
6. take后加the
7. them →it
8. happy →happiness
9. keep →keeps
10.either→too
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了一个教授通过两个活动，让学生在一地气球中找到写有自己名字的气球，和拿到第一个气球就直接交给气球上的名字的人，进行了“如何寻找到自己的幸福”的人生启迪。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：一位教授给每个学生发了一个气球，让他们把气球充满气，在上面写上自己的名字，然后把气球扔到走廊上。根据句子结构可知，every student为先行词，先行词为人，作非限定性定语从句的主语，只能用who。故将which改为who。
2.考查动词。句意：一位教授给每个学生发了一个气球，让他们把气球充满气，在上面写上自己的名字，然后把气球扔到走廊上。根据句子结构，定语从句中谓语had to后接三个并列的动词，用动词原形，have to do。故将threw改为throw。
3.考查名词复数。句意：然后教授把所有的气球混在一起。balloon为可数名词，根据all作前置定语，名词用复数形式。故将balloon改为balloons。
4.考查语态。句意：学生们被给5分钟的时间拿回自己的气球。句子谓语give与主语The students之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故将giving改为given。
5.考查介词。句意：尽管忙着寻找，但没有一个人找到自己的气球。根据句子结构，despite是介词，后接名词a search，search后没有后置定语，不必加介词。故删去for。
6.考查序数词。句意：这时，教授告诉学生们，拿着他们找到的第一个气球，把它交给气球上有写有名字的那个人。序数词first修饰名词balloon，序数词前应加定冠词the，特指“第一个气球”。故在first前加the。
7.考查代词。句意：这时，教授告诉学生们，拿着他们找到的第一个气球，把它交给气球上有写有名字的那个人。根据句意可知，前面提到the first balloon，为单数形式，所以这里，把第一个气球交给气球上有写他的名字的那个人，这个气球用it来替代。故将them改为it。
8.考查名词。句意：这些气球就像幸福。根据句子结构，are为系动词，后跟介词短语，作表语。介词like后应用名词。故将happy改为happiness。
9.考查主谓一致。句意：如果每个人都在寻找自己的幸福，我们永远也找不到它。根据句子结构，主句将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。从句中主语everyone为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将keep改为keeps。
10.考查副词。句意：但如果我们在乎别人的（幸福），我们也会找到自己的（幸福）。此处需用副词“也”，句子为肯定的陈述句，应用too。故将either改为too。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你校将举办“魅力中国(Charming China)”摄影展。请你给你的英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参展。内容包括：
1.展览的时间和地点；
2.作品要求和截止日期；
3.投稿方式：charmingphoto@。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news. Our school is going to hold a photography exhibition themed “Charming China” in the library next month, whose aim is to present the beauty of China through photos.
I know you love photography, so why not send some of your photos of places or people in China that impress you most The pictures can be of different sizes and must give people positive feelings. It’s said that you’ve been to many places in China and have taken many pictures. You choose your favorite one and I am sure visitors will like your work. Finally, your work shall be sent to charmingphoto@ before this Sunday.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参加学校将举办的“魅力中国(Charming China)”摄影展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
好的：nice→good
消息：information→news
目的：purpose→aim
喜欢：like→love
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news.
拓展句：I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news, which I believe you will be interested in.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school is going to hold a photography exhibition themed “Charming China” in the library next month, whose aim is to present the beauty of China through photos. (运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】It’s said that you’ve been to many places in China and have taken many pictures. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句)
