人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit1 People of Achievement Words&Expressions 单词课件（57张ppt)
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit1 People of Achievement Words&Expressions 单词课件（57张ppt) |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-09-08 16:31:42 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共57张PPT)
physiology
biology n.生物；生物学
psychology n.心理学；心理状态；心理学著作
-ology 词缀，意为“学问”
physiological adj. 生理学的; 生理的 physiologically adv.
n. 生理学；生理机能
crucial
=important,vital, significant
be crucial to/for ... 对...至关重要
It is crucial that ... ...极其重要
(that从句中常用“should+动词原形”结构，should也可以省略。)
crucially adv. 关键地；至关重要地
play a crucial role/part in... 在...中扮演重要角色
It is crucial that the problem should be deal with immediately
adj.关键性的; 至关重要的
vital
=important/crucial
be vital to...对……很重要
It is vital to do sth 做某事是很重要的
It is vital that...……是十分重要的
(that从句中常用“should+动词原形”结构,should也可以省略。)
adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
1) It is vital for a journalist __________ (keep) accurate records.
对记者来说，保持准确的记录是至关重要的。
2)毅力对于成功是至关重要的。
Perseverance___________ success.
3) It is vital that we _________________(carry out) the operation immediately.
to keep
is vital to
(should) carry out
4.commit
vt 犯 (错误、罪行等)
commit murder / a crime / a mistake 杀人/犯罪/犯错
vi & vt (使) 承担义务；(使) 作出保证
The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund. 世界各国已承诺设立气候应对基金.2008 上海
vt 投入
commit sth to (doing) sth:
commit an hour to reading the newspapers every morning
承诺做某事：promise to do
commit to doing
每天早上抽出一小时读报
commit
commit sb/oneself to (sth/doing sth /do sth) 使某人承诺(做)某事;使某人答应(做)某事
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
be committed to 对……忠诚；致力于……
commitment n. 承诺；保证
make a commitment 做出承诺
vt.承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) ,犯(罪)
vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
are committed to
has committed himself to
committed
to settle/settling
1）We __________________ improving services.
我们致力于改善服务
2) He _______________________ education since 1996.
他自从1996年投身于教育事业
3）Both sides committed themselves ______________(settle) the dispute peacefully.
双方承诺和平解决争端。
4) Tom is a __________ member of our football team.
汤姆是我们足球队忠于职守的队员。
academy
institute n. 学院
academic adj. 学业的; 学术的
n.学会;(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 专科院校
5.objective 目标，目的 adj. 客观的
subjective adj. 主观的
objectively adv. 客观地
object 物体，物品； 目标，目的，宗旨; 宾语
vi. 反对， 不赞成
objection 反对， 不赞成
object to doing sth 反对某事
The proposal will go ahead despite strong objections from the public.
7. botanical adj. 植物学的
botany n.植物学；植物的生态；植物学书籍
botanically adv. 植物学地
2).The area is of great botanical interest.
这一地区具有重大的植物学研究价值。
6. evaluate 评估，评价
evaluation n. 评估，评价
The school has only been open for six months, so it's hard ____________ （ evaluate）how successful it is.
We need to carry out a proper ___________ （ evaluate）of the new system.
to evaluate
evaluation
evaluate
(1)assess v.评估
(2)value n. 价值；重要性；益处；等级；标准 vt.评价；尊重；重视
(4)evaluation n. 估计，评价
vt.评价；评估；估计
property
(1)proper adj. 合适的; 恰当的
(pl.) properties ; 财产 /U/
(2)quality n.质量；性质；特性；品德
character n.特性,特征；(人的)性格,品质；人物,角色；文字
(3)wealth n.财富；财产
n. 性质; 特征; 财产
distinct
(1)It is distinct that... 很明显…
be distinct from... 在...方面与… 不同
=be different from...
(2)distinctive adj. 与众不同的
distinction n. 差别；区别；优秀；卓越
distinguish v. 区分；分清
adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的
练习
1.He has the ______________ of being the most diligent student in our class.
2.This new suggestion is a _________improvement ________ the one I originally made.
这个建议比我原来提出的有显著的改进。
3. Employers should hire men and women _______ __________. 雇主用人应不分男女。
distinction
distinct
from
without
distinction
extract
extract...from... 从……提取……
extra adv.特别地；非常；额外地 adj.额外的；特别的；临时的 n.额外之人(事)；特级品
n.提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出
boil
on the boil 十分活跃;如火如荼,沸腾中
boiling adj. 沸腾的；激昂的
boiling water 正在沸腾的水
boiled water 开水(已经开过的水)
freeze v. 结冰；冻住；
freezing adj.极冷的；冰点以下的，冰冻的
v.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开 n.沸腾；沸点
单句语法填空
(1)I’d like to have some ______ (boil) water.
(2)Look out!Don’t have the _______(boil) water burn you.
(3)The girl stood in the kitchen , waiting for the water _____ (boil).
(4)I know there’d be a kettle ______ the boil in the kitchen.
boiled
boiling
to boil
on
liquid
solid n.固体； adj. 固体的，固态的；
gas n. 气体; 毒气; 煤气;
n.液体；adj.液体的；液态的
obtain
=gain/get/acquire v. 获得，得到；
obtain sth...from... 从……获得……
obtain sb.sth.＝obtain sth.for sb. 给某人带来某物
obtainment n. 取得 obtainable adj. 可获得的;可得到的
vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在，流行
acknowledge
=admit
acknowledge sth./doing/having done 承认做了…… 承
acknowledge sb/sth as/to be… 承认某人/事为……
acknowledge sb. with… 用……对某人表示感谢
It's universally/widely/generally acknowledged that……是大家所公认的
acknowledgement n.承认；感激
vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
练一练：
1）Tu Youyou is acknowledged ______one of the greatest scientist.
2）With no enough evidence, he refused to acknowledge ______(steal) the lady's purse.
3)Many of the poor _____________ him ______ (承认...为) their leader.
to be
stealing
acknowledged
as
defeat
(1)=beat
(2)acknowledge defeat 承认失败
(3)defeat sb. 击败某人
n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜；使困惑；难住
analyse
(1)analysis n.分析，分析结果 (pl.) analyses
(2)analytical adj. 分析的；分析性的
v.分析
apparently
(1)As is apparently shown in the picture/passage above... 正如上面图画中/文中所明显展示的那样…
(2)apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的
=obvious/evident
(3)It is apparent/obvious/evident that... 显然…
adv.显而易见；看来；显然
insist
(1)“insist on (doing) sth.”意为“坚持做某事”；
(2)“insist(坚决要求/主张) that...”，从句用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形）；
(3)“insist(坚持说/认为) that...”，从句用陈述语气。
vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
insist that 要求，坚持...（从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略）
She insisted that we (should ) clean our classroom first.
他坚持我们要先打扫干净我们的房间。
Tom insisted that we (should) recite the whole passage in a week.
汤姆坚持我们应该在一周内背完整篇课文
insist that 坚持认为说（从句的内容表示一个事实的话，从句就不用虚拟语气，根据实际情况来选择时态）
他坚持说他没病。
He insisted that he was not ill.
She insisted that she had done nothing wrong
她坚持她没做错
练一练：
1）I still insist __________ my viewpoint.
2) He insisted on ________ (pay) for the meal.
3)He insisted that I______________(take) back what I said.
on/upon
paying
(should) take
I insisted that he ______________ wrong.
was
They insisted on ____________(go ) there by car.
going
My teacher insisted that we ___________(go) to college.
(should) go
一坚持：insist
二命令：order, command
三建议：advise,suggest,propose
四要求：demand, require,request,ask
scientific adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的
scientifically adv.按科学方法
science n. 科学; 理科
scientist n. 科学家
We have no real, objective, scientific evidence for our belief.
我们并无实际、客观、科学的证据支撑我们的信仰。
wear and tear [te (r)]: (正常使用造成的)磨损; 损耗
wear-wore-worn
wear out 用坏，穿破，使筋疲力尽
wear well 耐用，耐穿，耐磨
be worn out 精疲力竭
The truck shows scarcely any sign of wear and tear.
10. conclusion [n.] 结论，结束
make a conclusion下结论
come to/draw/reach a/the conclusion得出结论
in conclusion(＝to conclude)最后，总之 (常作插入语)
conclude vt.得出结论，推断出
vt./vi. 结束，终止
从……中推断出 conclude…from
11. circumstance 环境，条件，状况，境况，境遇
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
under/in no circumstances 绝不，无论如何不
【放在句首时句子要部分倒装=never】
eg. that I would meet so
many problems when I decided to take the job.
Under no circumstances did I expect
Under/In no circumstances can you go out.
12.novel n. (长篇)小说
adj. 新颖的; 新的; 与众不同的
novelist n. 小说家
novelty n.新奇/新颖/新鲜
flee --- _____---_____
flee sb/sth
① All the animals fled （from） the fire.
所有的动物都________了火场。
② When the bombing started，the population fled to safe places.
轰炸开始时，人们_______安全地带。
fled
fled
逃离
逃至
12.found vt.创建，创办;把……建立在
foundation n. 基础
found vt.建立 =set up /establish
动词 过去式 过去分词 意思
found founded founded 成立
find found found 发现、找到
(1) The People’s Republic of China was _______ (found) in 1949.
(2) The year of 1949 saw the ___________ (found) of the People’s Republic of China .
(3) After the end of the civil war, the poor boy was finally _________ (find) by his family.
founded
foundation
found
5. infer
Much of the meaning must be inferred
____________ the context.
from
infer vt.推断/推定 (inferred; inferring)infer sth. from sth.；infer that...△inference n. 推论/推断的结果；推理/推断draw/ make inferences (from/ about sth.)
polity n.政体/政治制度
politician
politics n. 政治
political adj. 政治家
polity n.政体/政治制度
n. 从政者；政治家；政客
in theory
☆theoretical adj.理论上的←→practical adj.实际的/切实可行的
☆theoretically adv.理论上/理论地←→practically adv.几乎;实际上/事实上
theory n.理论/学说
△relate v.联系/把…联系起来
relate sth. to sth.把…和…联系起来
relate to...①谈到/涉及/与…相关;
②理解并同情某人/体恤
relativity
relative adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚
relate v.联系/把…联系起来
relate sth. to sth.把…和…联系起来
relate to...①谈到/涉及/与…相关;
②理解并同情某人/体恤
He is unable to relate to others people.
All these questions relate to philosophy.
n. 相对论；相对性
genius n.（pl. geniuses）天才；天资；天赋
have a gift/ talent/ genius for…
be gifted/ talented in…
17.gentle [ d entl]: adj. 温柔的; 文静的
gently: adv. 温柔地; 文静地
(terrible comfortable simple gentle)
13.passion [ p n]: n. 酷爱; 激情
passionate=enthusiastic adj. 热情的
have a passion for...: 热爱; 酷爱
have an affection for 热爱；深爱
She had a passion for gardening .
她酷爱园艺。
doctorate [ d kt r t]: n. 博士学位= doctor’s degree: 博士学位bachelor's degree学士学位
master's degree硕士学位
take/receive/get/obtain/earn a (one’s) doctorate (in...):
获得博士学位
e to power (开始)掌权；上台
短语：be in power 执政;掌权
do all/everything in one's power 尽力而为某事;竭尽全力做某事
beyond/out of one's power 力所不能及的
come to a/the conclusion 得出结论
①The party _____________four years ago.
=The party ______________________for four years.
这个政党执政四年了。
came to power
has been in power
15.consequence n.结果；后果；影响
as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于…的缘故
as a consequence＝in consequence结果；因此
consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的
consequently adv.所以；因此；结果
(1)The warming of the earth and the ____________ （consequence）climatic changes affect us all.
地球变暖以及随之发生的气候变化影响着我们所有人。
(2) a great fire，the house was completely destroyed.
由于一场大火，这个房子被完全烧毁了。
(3)My car broke down and (consequent) I was late.
consequently
As a consequence of/In consequence of
consequent
16.take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占据
[写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思
(1)In fact，surfing the Internet takes up most of her time. ____
(2)The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. ____
(3)Peter will take up the management of the finance department. ________
占据
继续
开始从事
take up 占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受
take in 欺骗；理解；领悟
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
take over 掌管；控制；取代
take off 脱掉(衣服等)；突然开始成功,走红,休假
(飞机)起飞；
peculiarity
peculiar adj. 怪异的
n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质
16. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到 n. 邂逅; 遭遇
短语：encounter problems/ difficulties 遇到问题/困难
同：come across /run into/bump into/meet with 偶然遇到；偶然发现
① When I _________________in English learning, my teacher always helps me overcome problems patiently.
当我在英语学习中遇到问题，我的老师总是耐心地帮我克服困难。
encounter problems
mourn 哀悼，忧伤
mourn sb. 向某人致哀 mourner n. 哀悼者
mournful adj.哀痛的，令人伤心的; 悲伤的
mournfully adv.悲哀地，凄惨地
17.remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的；不寻常的
be remarkable for以……著称
remark n.谈论；言论；评述
vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起
remark on/upon谈论/评论……
remarkably adv.不寻常地
(1)All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more ________________.(2018·北京)
(2)These cars are (remark) for the quietness of their engines.
(3)My life improved (remark) when I discovered art.
(4)Don’t make remarks her appearance.
remarkable
remarkably
remarkable
on
.sum vi.总结；概括；sum up e.g. Tom will open the debate and I will sum up.sum sth. up = summarize sth.sum n. 金额/款项；总数/总和；算术题① a large sum of money/ a six-figure sum许多，大量，一笔② in sum = to sum up = in summary
physiology
biology n.生物；生物学
psychology n.心理学；心理状态；心理学著作
-ology 词缀，意为“学问”
physiological adj. 生理学的; 生理的 physiologically adv.
n. 生理学；生理机能
crucial
=important,vital, significant
be crucial to/for ... 对...至关重要
It is crucial that ... ...极其重要
(that从句中常用“should+动词原形”结构，should也可以省略。)
crucially adv. 关键地；至关重要地
play a crucial role/part in... 在...中扮演重要角色
It is crucial that the problem should be deal with immediately
adj.关键性的; 至关重要的
vital
=important/crucial
be vital to...对……很重要
It is vital to do sth 做某事是很重要的
It is vital that...……是十分重要的
(that从句中常用“should+动词原形”结构,should也可以省略。)
adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
1) It is vital for a journalist __________ (keep) accurate records.
对记者来说，保持准确的记录是至关重要的。
2)毅力对于成功是至关重要的。
Perseverance___________ success.
3) It is vital that we _________________(carry out) the operation immediately.
to keep
is vital to
(should) carry out
4.commit
vt 犯 (错误、罪行等)
commit murder / a crime / a mistake 杀人/犯罪/犯错
vi & vt (使) 承担义务；(使) 作出保证
The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund. 世界各国已承诺设立气候应对基金.2008 上海
vt 投入
commit sth to (doing) sth:
commit an hour to reading the newspapers every morning
承诺做某事：promise to do
commit to doing
每天早上抽出一小时读报
commit
commit sb/oneself to (sth/doing sth /do sth) 使某人承诺(做)某事;使某人答应(做)某事
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
be committed to 对……忠诚；致力于……
commitment n. 承诺；保证
make a commitment 做出承诺
vt.承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) ,犯(罪)
vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
are committed to
has committed himself to
committed
to settle/settling
1）We __________________ improving services.
我们致力于改善服务
2) He _______________________ education since 1996.
他自从1996年投身于教育事业
3）Both sides committed themselves ______________(settle) the dispute peacefully.
双方承诺和平解决争端。
4) Tom is a __________ member of our football team.
汤姆是我们足球队忠于职守的队员。
academy
institute n. 学院
academic adj. 学业的; 学术的
n.学会;(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 专科院校
5.objective 目标，目的 adj. 客观的
subjective adj. 主观的
objectively adv. 客观地
object 物体，物品； 目标，目的，宗旨; 宾语
vi. 反对， 不赞成
objection 反对， 不赞成
object to doing sth 反对某事
The proposal will go ahead despite strong objections from the public.
7. botanical adj. 植物学的
botany n.植物学；植物的生态；植物学书籍
botanically adv. 植物学地
2).The area is of great botanical interest.
这一地区具有重大的植物学研究价值。
6. evaluate 评估，评价
evaluation n. 评估，评价
The school has only been open for six months, so it's hard ____________ （ evaluate）how successful it is.
We need to carry out a proper ___________ （ evaluate）of the new system.
to evaluate
evaluation
evaluate
(1)assess v.评估
(2)value n. 价值；重要性；益处；等级；标准 vt.评价；尊重；重视
(4)evaluation n. 估计，评价
vt.评价；评估；估计
property
(1)proper adj. 合适的; 恰当的
(pl.) properties ; 财产 /U/
(2)quality n.质量；性质；特性；品德
character n.特性,特征；(人的)性格,品质；人物,角色；文字
(3)wealth n.财富；财产
n. 性质; 特征; 财产
distinct
(1)It is distinct that... 很明显…
be distinct from... 在...方面与… 不同
=be different from...
(2)distinctive adj. 与众不同的
distinction n. 差别；区别；优秀；卓越
distinguish v. 区分；分清
adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的
练习
1.He has the ______________ of being the most diligent student in our class.
2.This new suggestion is a _________improvement ________ the one I originally made.
这个建议比我原来提出的有显著的改进。
3. Employers should hire men and women _______ __________. 雇主用人应不分男女。
distinction
distinct
from
without
distinction
extract
extract...from... 从……提取……
extra adv.特别地；非常；额外地 adj.额外的；特别的；临时的 n.额外之人(事)；特级品
n.提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出
boil
on the boil 十分活跃;如火如荼,沸腾中
boiling adj. 沸腾的；激昂的
boiling water 正在沸腾的水
boiled water 开水(已经开过的水)
freeze v. 结冰；冻住；
freezing adj.极冷的；冰点以下的，冰冻的
v.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开 n.沸腾；沸点
单句语法填空
(1)I’d like to have some ______ (boil) water.
(2)Look out!Don’t have the _______(boil) water burn you.
(3)The girl stood in the kitchen , waiting for the water _____ (boil).
(4)I know there’d be a kettle ______ the boil in the kitchen.
boiled
boiling
to boil
on
liquid
solid n.固体； adj. 固体的，固态的；
gas n. 气体; 毒气; 煤气;
n.液体；adj.液体的；液态的
obtain
=gain/get/acquire v. 获得，得到；
obtain sth...from... 从……获得……
obtain sb.sth.＝obtain sth.for sb. 给某人带来某物
obtainment n. 取得 obtainable adj. 可获得的;可得到的
vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在，流行
acknowledge
=admit
acknowledge sth./doing/having done 承认做了…… 承
acknowledge sb/sth as/to be… 承认某人/事为……
acknowledge sb. with… 用……对某人表示感谢
It's universally/widely/generally acknowledged that……是大家所公认的
acknowledgement n.承认；感激
vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢
练一练：
1）Tu Youyou is acknowledged ______one of the greatest scientist.
2）With no enough evidence, he refused to acknowledge ______(steal) the lady's purse.
3)Many of the poor _____________ him ______ (承认...为) their leader.
to be
stealing
acknowledged
as
defeat
(1)=beat
(2)acknowledge defeat 承认失败
(3)defeat sb. 击败某人
n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜；使困惑；难住
analyse
(1)analysis n.分析，分析结果 (pl.) analyses
(2)analytical adj. 分析的；分析性的
v.分析
apparently
(1)As is apparently shown in the picture/passage above... 正如上面图画中/文中所明显展示的那样…
(2)apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的
=obvious/evident
(3)It is apparent/obvious/evident that... 显然…
adv.显而易见；看来；显然
insist
(1)“insist on (doing) sth.”意为“坚持做某事”；
(2)“insist(坚决要求/主张) that...”，从句用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形）；
(3)“insist(坚持说/认为) that...”，从句用陈述语气。
vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
insist that 要求，坚持...（从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略）
She insisted that we (should ) clean our classroom first.
他坚持我们要先打扫干净我们的房间。
Tom insisted that we (should) recite the whole passage in a week.
汤姆坚持我们应该在一周内背完整篇课文
insist that 坚持认为说（从句的内容表示一个事实的话，从句就不用虚拟语气，根据实际情况来选择时态）
他坚持说他没病。
He insisted that he was not ill.
She insisted that she had done nothing wrong
她坚持她没做错
练一练：
1）I still insist __________ my viewpoint.
2) He insisted on ________ (pay) for the meal.
3)He insisted that I______________(take) back what I said.
on/upon
paying
(should) take
I insisted that he ______________ wrong.
was
They insisted on ____________(go ) there by car.
going
My teacher insisted that we ___________(go) to college.
(should) go
一坚持：insist
二命令：order, command
三建议：advise,suggest,propose
四要求：demand, require,request,ask
scientific adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的
scientifically adv.按科学方法
science n. 科学; 理科
scientist n. 科学家
We have no real, objective, scientific evidence for our belief.
我们并无实际、客观、科学的证据支撑我们的信仰。
wear and tear [te (r)]: (正常使用造成的)磨损; 损耗
wear-wore-worn
wear out 用坏，穿破，使筋疲力尽
wear well 耐用，耐穿，耐磨
be worn out 精疲力竭
The truck shows scarcely any sign of wear and tear.
10. conclusion [n.] 结论，结束
make a conclusion下结论
come to/draw/reach a/the conclusion得出结论
in conclusion(＝to conclude)最后，总之 (常作插入语)
conclude vt.得出结论，推断出
vt./vi. 结束，终止
从……中推断出 conclude…from
11. circumstance 环境，条件，状况，境况，境遇
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
under/in no circumstances 绝不，无论如何不
【放在句首时句子要部分倒装=never】
eg. that I would meet so
many problems when I decided to take the job.
Under no circumstances did I expect
Under/In no circumstances can you go out.
12.novel n. (长篇)小说
adj. 新颖的; 新的; 与众不同的
novelist n. 小说家
novelty n.新奇/新颖/新鲜
flee --- _____---_____
flee sb/sth
① All the animals fled （from） the fire.
所有的动物都________了火场。
② When the bombing started，the population fled to safe places.
轰炸开始时，人们_______安全地带。
fled
fled
逃离
逃至
12.found vt.创建，创办;把……建立在
foundation n. 基础
found vt.建立 =set up /establish
动词 过去式 过去分词 意思
found founded founded 成立
find found found 发现、找到
(1) The People’s Republic of China was _______ (found) in 1949.
(2) The year of 1949 saw the ___________ (found) of the People’s Republic of China .
(3) After the end of the civil war, the poor boy was finally _________ (find) by his family.
founded
foundation
found
5. infer
Much of the meaning must be inferred
____________ the context.
from
infer vt.推断/推定 (inferred; inferring)infer sth. from sth.；infer that...△inference n. 推论/推断的结果；推理/推断draw/ make inferences (from/ about sth.)
polity n.政体/政治制度
politician
politics n. 政治
political adj. 政治家
polity n.政体/政治制度
n. 从政者；政治家；政客
in theory
☆theoretical adj.理论上的←→practical adj.实际的/切实可行的
☆theoretically adv.理论上/理论地←→practically adv.几乎;实际上/事实上
theory n.理论/学说
△relate v.联系/把…联系起来
relate sth. to sth.把…和…联系起来
relate to...①谈到/涉及/与…相关;
②理解并同情某人/体恤
relativity
relative adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚
relate v.联系/把…联系起来
relate sth. to sth.把…和…联系起来
relate to...①谈到/涉及/与…相关;
②理解并同情某人/体恤
He is unable to relate to others people.
All these questions relate to philosophy.
n. 相对论；相对性
genius n.（pl. geniuses）天才；天资；天赋
have a gift/ talent/ genius for…
be gifted/ talented in…
17.gentle [ d entl]: adj. 温柔的; 文静的
gently: adv. 温柔地; 文静地
(terrible comfortable simple gentle)
13.passion [ p n]: n. 酷爱; 激情
passionate=enthusiastic adj. 热情的
have a passion for...: 热爱; 酷爱
have an affection for 热爱；深爱
She had a passion for gardening .
她酷爱园艺。
doctorate [ d kt r t]: n. 博士学位= doctor’s degree: 博士学位bachelor's degree学士学位
master's degree硕士学位
take/receive/get/obtain/earn a (one’s) doctorate (in...):
获得博士学位
e to power (开始)掌权；上台
短语：be in power 执政;掌权
do all/everything in one's power 尽力而为某事;竭尽全力做某事
beyond/out of one's power 力所不能及的
come to a/the conclusion 得出结论
①The party _____________four years ago.
=The party ______________________for four years.
这个政党执政四年了。
came to power
has been in power
15.consequence n.结果；后果；影响
as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于…的缘故
as a consequence＝in consequence结果；因此
consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的
consequently adv.所以；因此；结果
(1)The warming of the earth and the ____________ （consequence）climatic changes affect us all.
地球变暖以及随之发生的气候变化影响着我们所有人。
(2) a great fire，the house was completely destroyed.
由于一场大火，这个房子被完全烧毁了。
(3)My car broke down and (consequent) I was late.
consequently
As a consequence of/In consequence of
consequent
16.take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占据
[写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思
(1)In fact，surfing the Internet takes up most of her time. ____
(2)The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. ____
(3)Peter will take up the management of the finance department. ________
占据
继续
开始从事
take up 占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受
take in 欺骗；理解；领悟
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
take over 掌管；控制；取代
take off 脱掉(衣服等)；突然开始成功,走红,休假
(飞机)起飞；
peculiarity
peculiar adj. 怪异的
n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质
16. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到 n. 邂逅; 遭遇
短语：encounter problems/ difficulties 遇到问题/困难
同：come across /run into/bump into/meet with 偶然遇到；偶然发现
① When I _________________in English learning, my teacher always helps me overcome problems patiently.
当我在英语学习中遇到问题，我的老师总是耐心地帮我克服困难。
encounter problems
mourn 哀悼，忧伤
mourn sb. 向某人致哀 mourner n. 哀悼者
mournful adj.哀痛的，令人伤心的; 悲伤的
mournfully adv.悲哀地，凄惨地
17.remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的；不寻常的
be remarkable for以……著称
remark n.谈论；言论；评述
vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起
remark on/upon谈论/评论……
remarkably adv.不寻常地
(1)All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith even more ________________.(2018·北京)
(2)These cars are (remark) for the quietness of their engines.
(3)My life improved (remark) when I discovered art.
(4)Don’t make remarks her appearance.
remarkable
remarkably
remarkable
on
.sum vi.总结；概括；sum up e.g. Tom will open the debate and I will sum up.sum sth. up = summarize sth.sum n. 金额/款项；总数/总和；算术题① a large sum of money/ a six-figure sum许多，大量，一笔② in sum = to sum up = in summary