(共45张PPT)
Period 3 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
Unit 10
You’re supposed to shake hands.
同学们, 上一课学习的单词、短语和句型, 你们都掌握了吗 现在大家来检验一下, 点击下面的音频开始听写吧！
这节课我们主要学习本单元的语法知识, 一提语法大家往往会觉得枯燥无味, 有的同学会担心听不懂掌握不好, 但是本单元的语法知识非常简单, 只要掌握be supposed to do, be expected to do和it’s +adj+to do的用法就可以, 下面我们一起来开始这节课的学习吧。
What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time You're supposed to shake hands.
You're not supposed to kiss.
When were you supposed to arrive I was supposed to arrive at 7:00.
Am I supposed to wear jeans No, you're expected to wear a suit and tie.
Is it impolite to keep others waiting Yes, it's very impolite to keep others waiting.
Is it important to be on time Yes, it's important to be on time.
1. When you go abroad, it _______________ bring your passport.
2. After class, students ____________________ clean the chalk off the blackboard. ①
4a Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.
is important to
are supposed to
be supposed to be expected to be important to
3. If you visit the northern coast of Norway during the winter season, it _______________ pack warm clothes. ②
4. If there are people in the meeting room, you _________________ knock before entering. ③
5. In many eastern European countries, you __________________ take off your gloves before shaking hands. ④
are supposed to
is important to
are expected to
be supposed to be expected to be important to
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Each country has different rules about social situations. A traveler _______________________ (not expect; know) all of these, but it is helpful ____________ (learn) as many of these customs as possible. One of the best ways to be accepted in a foreign country is to try ___________________ (understand) how people think. Learning what you __________________________ (suppose; do)
is not expected to know
to learn
to understand
are supposed to do
and ________________________ (not suppose; do) in social situations may be difficult, but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. ⑤
aren't supposed to do
4c Make a list of advice for someone coming to your country as an exchange student for the first time. Work with your group to give advice about：
·time ·what to do for someone's birthday
·meeting people ·visiting someone's home
·table manners ⑥ ·giving gifts
①After class, students _____ clean the chalk off the blackboard.
clean. . . off 把……擦(或刷) 掉
e. g. He tried to clean the mud off.
= He tried to clean off the mud.
他尽力把泥刷掉。
Look at the dirt on your shoes. Please clean it off.
看看你鞋上的灰尘, 请把它擦掉。
考点1
动副结构短语
代词作宾语时要放在两者之间。
Your room is dirty. Please clean it up.
你的房间脏了。请把它打扫干净。
You need to clean out the drawers of your desk.
你需要把你书桌的抽屉清理一下。
① clean off 把……擦（或刷）掉
② clean up 把……打扫干净
③ clean out 把……内部彻底打扫干净
考题1：[温州] In China, people usually ______ their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival.
A. clean up B. look up
C. make up D. put up
A
【点拨】用短语辨析法解题。句意：在中国，人们通常在春节前打扫房子，把坏运气扫走。clean up 打扫；look up 查询；make up 编造；put up 张贴。根据“their houses to sweep away bad luck before Spring Festival”及常识可知，在春节前打扫房子，把坏运气扫走。
chalk /t k/ n. 粉笔
chalk 作 “粉笔”讲时, 一般用作不可数名词，但说“各
种颜色的粉笔”时，则要用复数。
e.g. Can you get a box of coloured chalks for me
你能为我拿一盒彩色粉笔吗？
考点2
chalk 的常用短语：
① a piece of chalk 一支粉笔
② a box of coloured chalks 一盒彩色粉笔
考向
blackboard /'bl kb (r) d/ n. 黑板
e. g. We are supposed to clean the blackboard before class.
上课前我们应该擦黑板。
考点3
考题2：Please raise your head and look at the b .
lackboard
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构词法记单词:
blackboard为合成词，由black（黑色）+board（板子）构成。
类似的单词还有：
bookcase 书橱 guidebook 旅行指南 highway 公路等
②If you visit the northern coast of Norway during the winer season, it ______ pack warm clothes.
northern /'n (r) (r)n/ adj. 北方的；北部的
northern 是由north(北，北方) +ern 构成。
e.g. Dongting Lake is in the northern part of Hunan Province.
洞庭湖在湖南省的北部。
考点4
考向
拓展：在表示方位的名词词尾加-ern 可构成形容词。类似的词还有：
east+-ern → eastern (东方的；东部的)
west+-ern → western (西方的；西部的)
south+-ern → southern (南方的；南部的)
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③If there are people in the meeting room, you ______ knock before entering.
knock /n k/, /nɑ k/ v. 敲; 击 n. 敲击声; 敲击
knock 作不及物动词， 指出声地、连续地击打。
knock at/ on the door 意为“敲门”。
e.g. You are supposed to knock at the door and wait before entering the office.
进入办公室之前你应该先敲门并等待。
考点5
考向
拓展：(1) knock 作及物动词, 意为“碰; 撞”。
e. g. Be careful you don’t knock your head on this low beam.
小心，别把头撞在这矮梁上。
(2) knock 还可以作可数名词, 意为“敲击声; 撞击”。
e. g. Suddenly, there was a knock on the door. 突然有敲门声。
(3) knock sb. down 撞倒某人
e. g. When I turned, I nearly knocked down the little girl behind me.
当我转身时, 差点撞倒身后的小女孩。
考题3：[贺州] Who’s knocking _________ the door
【点拨】句意：谁在敲门？本题考查固定短语knock on/at the door，意为“敲门”。
at/on
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④In many eastern European countries, you ______ take off your gloves before shaking hands.
take off 脱下(衣服) ; (飞机等) 起飞
e. g. It’s too hot here. You’d better take off your coat.
这儿太热了, 你最好脱下你的外套。
Hurry up! The plane will take off in five minutes.
快点, 飞机五分钟后起飞。
考点6
动副结构短语
反义短语put on 意为“穿上”，动副结构短语。
拓展：含有off 的常用短语：
go off 爆炸；发出响声 turn off 关闭
show off 炫耀；卖弄 cut off 切断；剪下
put off 推迟；拖延 see off 送行；送别
get off 下车 set off 出发；动身
考题4：[朝阳] —Hurry up! Our plane will _______ soon.
—Don’t worry. We still have enough time.
A. take down B. take off
C. take up D. take after
B
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⑤. . . but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
(重点) worth /w (r) θ/ adj. 值得; 有……价值 (的)
考点7
worth 一般作表语, 其后跟动词-ing 形式或名词, 具体用法如下：
(1) be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
e. g. These books are well worth reading.
这些书非常值得读。
考向
worth 的主语常常是物品。 worth 后接动词-ing 形式时用主动形式表示被动意义。
(2) be worth + 钱 值多少钱
e. g. The ring is worth 5, 000 yuan.
这枚戒指值5, 000 元。
(3) be worth + 名词 值得……
e. g. The museum is certainly worth a visit.
这家博物馆的确值得参观。
考题5：There is no doubt _______ the book is worth ______.
A. whether; read B. if; to read
C. that; reading D. as; being read
【点拨】考查固定搭配。句意：毫无疑问，这本书值得一读。There is no doubt that... 为固定搭配，意为“毫无疑问……”；be worth doing 表示“值得做……”。
C
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⑥table manners
考点8
manner /'m n (r)/ n. 方式 ；方法 (pl.) 礼貌；礼仪
manners 意思是“礼貌”，它常以复数形式出现。
e.g. It’s bad manners to talk with a full mouth.
嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的。
You should study some table manners before you go to another country.
去另一个国家之前，你应该学习一些餐桌礼仪。
考向
拓展：manner 还可意为“方式；方法”“态度；举止”，常用单数形式。in a ... manner 以……方式。
e.g. Their smile and gentle manner moved me in a way that never happened before.
他们的微笑和温柔的态度以前所未有的方式打动了我。
考题6：[烟台] It’s one of the good table __________ (礼仪) in China to ask the old to eat first.
manners
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be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”, 其中 to为不定式符号, 后跟动词原形, 可与 should do sth. 互换, 两者多用于口语中。也可等同于ought to do sth. , 但后者使用较少, 多用于正式文体中。它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任, 或按规定、习惯、安排等应当做某事。
考点
(一) be supposed to 的用法
主语是人，意为“应该”，用来表示劝告、建议、责任等。
e.g. You are supposed to return the bike tomorrow.
明天你应该归还自行车。
考向1
当主语是“物”时，be supposed to 意为“本应；本该”，用来表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”。
e.g. The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we had to put it off.
会议本应该在周二召开的，但我们不得不把它推迟了。
考向2
否定形式为be not supposed to do sth. “不应该做某事”，表示命令或禁止。
e.g. You aren’t supposed to talk loudly in the hospital.
你不应该在医院里大声讲话。
考向3
考题1：[绥化] 翻译句子
You are supposed to ask your teacher for help.
_____________________________________________
你应该向你的老师求助。/ 你应该找你的老师帮忙。
【点拨】be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事，ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助。
be expected to do sth. 意为“被期待做某事”，用来表示预料之中会发生的事，表达的主观性比be supposed to do sth. 强。to 是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。
e.g. You are expected to clean the house before lunch.
你应该在午饭前打扫房屋。
考点
(二) be expected to 的用法
考题2：[扬州改编] — Do we have to read next week, Mr. Wu
—Sure. You are expected ___________ (read) Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
【点拨】be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事。
to read
考题3：[金昌] Borrowers are expected ___________ (return) books on time.
to return
It is +adj.+ to do sth. 意为“做某事是……的，”其中It 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式(短语)。
考点1
(三) It + be + adj. (+for/of sb. ) +to do sth. 句型
It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 意为“对某人来说做某事是……的。”It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 (短语)。
e.g. It is difficult for them to work out the math problem.
对他们来说算出这道数学题很难。
考点2
考题4：[龙东] It’s necessary for students ______ eye exercises.
A. do B. doing C. to do
【点拨】考查非谓语动词辨析。根据句式：It is...for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……的，可知选C。
C
It is ＋ adj. ＋ of sb. to do sth. 意为“某人做某事真是太……了。”
e. g. It is polite of you to say that.
那样说你太礼貌了。
考点3
二者的具体用法为：
考点4
It is+adj. +for sb. To do sth. 此句型中的形容词为描述事物特征的词, 如difficult, important, easy, hard, necessary, possible, dangerous, impossible 等, 是说明动词不定式的。
It is+adj. +of sb. to dosth. 此句型中的形容词为描述人物品质及性格特征的词, 如 clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, polite等, 用来说明 of 后的 sb. 。
e. g. It’s hard for me to answer your question.
对我来说回答你的问题很难。
It was foolish of him to go alone.
他单独去真是太傻了。
考题5：[淮安] It’s kind of you _________ (help) the old cross the road.
to help
我们一起来总结一下本节课学习的主要内容：语法部分：(1) be supposed to的用法小结(2) It +be +adj. + to do sth. 句型; 除了语法知识, 我们还学习了单词knock, worth, manner和短语clean off, take off的用法。
